CN102887802B - Non-envelope controlled-release synergistic nitrogen fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Non-envelope controlled-release synergistic nitrogen fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a non-envelope controlled-release synergistic nitrogen fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The nitrogen fertilizer consists of the following components: 0.50-1.50% of gamma-polyglutamic acid, 0.3-1.5% of dissolution inhibitor, 0.3-0.6% of nitrification inhibitor, 0-1.5% of adsorbent, 0-0.6% of urease inhibitor and the balance of ammonium nitrogen fertilizer, nitrate nitrogen fertilizer or amide nitrogen fertilizer. According to the invention, the product is economical and environment-friendly, maintains water and fertilizer, can reduce the waste of nitrogen fertilizer, activates the nutrient element, and improves the utilization rate of the nitrogen fertilizer; and thus, the nutrients are slowly released, the application amount of the fertilizer is reduced, the environmental pollution caused by massive use of nitrogen fertilizer is avoided, and the cost of agricultural production is saved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Nitrogen fertilizer production amount and the consumption of China all occupy first place in the world, but utilization rate of fertilizer low be a big bottleneck that restricts China's agricultural development.Data representation, China's amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer was 2,400 ten thousand tons in 2011, and because utilization rate of fertilizer is low, nitrogenous fertilizer is by approach such as volatilization, leaching and runoff loss enormous amount, and about 1,000 ten thousand tons of Direct Loss fertilizer is amounted to about 34,000,000,000 yuan of Renminbi.Simultaneously, bring consequences such as soil fertility descends, crops quality reduces, environmental pollution is serious thereupon.Therefore improve utilization rate of fertilizer, reduce fertilizer loss, be subjected to domestic and international agriculturist and pay close attention to widely.
Gamma-polyglutamic acid-is the water-soluble polyamino acid that microbial fermentation produces, and is the high molecular polymer that is formed peptide bond by glutamic acid units by alpha-amino group and γ-carboxyl.Gamma-polyglutamic acid-is a kind of novel high polymer material by the synthetic water-soluble biological degradability of microorganism, is widely used in many fields such as agricultural, medicine, food, daily use chemicals, is a kind of generally acknowledged Green Chemistry product that has development potentiality.Poly-gamma-glutamic acid has biodegradability, super-strong moisture absorbing and water-retentivity, good biocompatibility, reduced immunogenicity, environmentally safe, to physical chemistry and the biological characteristics of a series of uniquenesses such as human body toxicological harmless, its degraded product is non-harmful L-glutamic acid.At present, research both at home and abroad mainly concentrates on improvement and the gene studies that produces bacterium, fermenting process research and the research of extraction purge process, with and the production of derivative and the research of character, its applied research is few, and mainly concentrates on the wetting Agent for Printing Inks of pharmaceutical carrier, makeup, the applied research of dietary fiber food aspect.Agriculturally study lessly, mainly study their disease resistance of plant, water-loss reducer of soil, the research of other side is still less.
The research report beginning that gamma-polyglutamic acid-is applied to agriculture production sees the nineties in 20th century, mainly is the aspect that influences to the crop seed vigor, and along with the understanding of people to its unique Physiology and biochemistry character, its application in agricultural has been subjected to paying close attention to widely.Because gamma-polyglutamic acid-has characteristics such as biodegradability, chelating and absorption enhancer, nutrient is had the absorption chelating to gamma-polyglutamic acid-and function is held in suction, the temporary transient no nutrient of plant is stored, need and slowly release with growing of crop, thereby satisfy the nutrient demand of crop middle and later periods, avoid early ageing and taken off fertilizer, reduced topdress number of times and topdressing amount, thereby greatly reduced labour intensity.Studies show that guaranteeing that using usually of gamma-polyglutamic acid-can improve chemical fertilizer application efficient 10 ~ 30%, makes crop yields 8 ~ 31% such as tobacco, vegetables under the normal situation of plant-growth, increasing production of rice is obvious.Use gamma-polyglutamic acid-not only can play the fertile synergy of joint, the effect of increasing yield and improving quality can also reduce surface water and body of groundwater pollution that fertilizer loss causes, regulates microenvironment and the Soil structure of soil, reduces effects such as agriculture production cost.Therefore, gamma-polyglutamic acid-is applied in agriculture production and will be obtained good social benefit and economic benefit.
Nitrogen fertilizers commonly used is greatly to being divided into three types of ammonium attitude, nitre attitude and amide nitrogen fertilizers.Develop long-acting nitrogen fertilizer (or slow nitrogenous fertilizer) new variety over nearly 20 years again.All kinds of nitrogenous fertilizer principal items are as follows: (1) ammonium fertilizer: mainly contain ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, bicarbonate of ammonia, ammoniacal liquor and ammonia liquor; (2) nitrate fertilizer: mainly contain that nitric acid is received, nitrocalcite; (4) amide nitrogen fertilizer mainly contains urea, calcium cyanamide (lime nitrogen).
Different by principle and technology, long-acting nitrogen fertilizer (or slow nitrogenous fertilizer) but rough segmentation is two big classes: coating class and non-coating class.Polymer coated fertilizer is typically also to be present internationally recognized controlled availability fertilizers, the basic characteristics of this class fertilizer are that its nutrient release has control preferably, but because its production cost is higher, reasons such as complex process are produced application in the land for growing field crops and are also had certain time limit property.Modification (type) fertilizer is the non-coated fertilizer of a class, and it is by taking certain manufacturing means, or adds certain additive, or adds certain carrier, changes the character of water soluble fertilizer, thereby reaches control or delay the purpose that nutrient discharges in the fertilizer.Gentle effect technique is imitated in the control of non-coated fertilizer can save the required complex apparatus of coated fertilizer production, and production technique is simple relatively, is conducive to reduce the fertilizer tooling cost, enhances one's market competitiveness.
CN 1978396A discloses the method that a kind of PAL of utilization biological engineering material is made new sustained release nitrogenous fertilizer, constructional feature and the good character of ion exchangeable of PAL material layer, chain, fibrous crystalline structure and nano level hole passage and the microtexture that specific surface area is big, adsorptivity is strong have been taken full advantage of, through molecularization counter-boring techniques and activating process, its slow-release function is strengthened greatly.
The scraper plate crumbling method is generally adopted in existing nitrogenous fertilizer granulation, and bar, the sheet material of extrusion molding are scraped the broken granulation that comes.When adopting this granulation mode; because material hardness is higher after the roll-in; need at high temperature broken; this is because if the temperature of charge of broken process is lower; can cause the breaker roll load of roll crusher excessive; the work-ing life of tablets press scraper plate and orifice plate net is very short, needs often to change, and then increases production cost and influence continuity and the efficient of producing.Though adopt that this mode high-temperature crushing has solved that the breaker roll load is excessive, the too short problem in work-ing life of tablets press scraper plate and orifice plate net, but can bring the too high problem of pulverulent material ratio under the high temperature.On the other hand, if this mode is applied to contain the slow release fertilizer granulation of gamma-polyglutamic acid-, also can influence the efficacy of adsorption of gamma-polyglutamic acid-, cause the sustained release performance of fertilizer to descend.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, a kind of non-coated slow-release type synergistic N fertilizer is provided, and it has higher utilization ratio, effect of increasing production and slow release effect preferably preferably; And a kind of preparation method of non-coated slow-release type synergistic N fertilizer is provided, and adopt multistage extruding, shaping granulation mode, prepare compound fertilizer granule at a lower temperature, be more suitable for the granulation of described nitrogenous fertilizer, and the powder ratio is lower in the particle, service life of equipment is longer.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows.
A kind of non-coated slow-release type synergistic N fertilizer is characterized in that described nitrogenous fertilizer is composed of the following components:
Gamma-polyglutamic acid-0.50 ~ 1.50%, as the resistance solvent 0.3 ~ 1.5% of auxiliary agent, as the nitrification inhibitor 0.3 ~ 0.6% of auxiliary agent, as the sorbent material 0 ~ 1.5% of auxiliary agent, as the urease inhibitor 0 ~ 0.6% of auxiliary agent, surplus is basic components;
Described basic components is ammonium fertilizer or nitrate fertilizer or amide nitrogen fertilizer;
The molecular weight of described gamma-polyglutamic acid-is 15 ~ 1,000,000 dalton;
Described per-cent is mass percent.
The molecular weight of described gamma-polyglutamic acid-is 500,000 dalton.
Described resistance solvent is selected from one or more mixtures by arbitrary proportion in zinc sulfate, copper sulfate and the calcium carbonate.
Described nitrification inhibitor is selected from one or more mixtures by arbitrary proportion in thiocarbamide, Dyhard RU 100 and the cyanalcohol.
Described sorbent material is one or both mixtures by arbitrary proportion in calcium chloride and the magnesium chloride; The consumption of sorbent material is 0.5 ~ 1.5%.
Described urease inhibitor is one or more mixtures by arbitrary proportion in ferrous sulfate, boric acid, acephate and the methylamine; The consumption of urease inhibitor is 0.1 ~ 0.6%.
A kind of preparation method of described non-coated slow-release type synergistic N fertilizer is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
1), preparation gamma-polyglutamic acid-mixture: take by weighing gamma-polyglutamic acid-and auxiliary agent in proportion, mix obtaining the gamma-polyglutamic acid-mixture;
2), gamma-polyglutamic acid-mixture that basic components and the step 1) of powdery obtained mixes, and is sheet through the roll squeezer roll-forming, it is normal to be down to temperature;
3), adopt reaction type granulation mode to carry out granulation;
Described reaction type granulation mode refers to: through the roll squeezer roll-forming be sheet material be down to normal temperature after, a pair of pre-extrusion roll by having one group of roller tooth plate respectively and rotating in opposite directions at first, the roller tooth that is extruded roller is broken for the small pieces material;
The one-level stripper plate that described small pieces material is fixed is macrobead and the small-particle two portions that comprise powder with the main extrusion roll attrition crushing that has the roller tooth plate and be in rotary state.Macrobead part wherein is the small-particle that comprises powder by secondary stripper plate and described main extrusion roll attrition crushing.Described small-particle is through main extrusion roll and be fixed in two passages between the trim panel of the main extrusion roll left and right sides, is extruded the finished particle into the compound specification requirement of outside dimension.
Described special-purpose counterattack tablets press comprises that the upper end has the container-like casing that opening for feed, lower end have discharge port, it is characterized in that: in the cavity that casing surrounds, be disposed with a pair of pre-extrusion roll, one-level stripper plate and the secondary stripper plate that has several roller tooth plates respectively by opening for feed to discharge port direction, in described cavity, be provided with the main extrusion roll that has several roller tooth plates, and in described cavity, be provided with first trim panel and second trim panel that lays respectively at the main extrusion roll left and right sides; Opening for feed to the space between a pair of pre-extrusion roll constitutes first chamber, constitute second chamber between a pair of pre-extrusion roll, one-level stripper plate and the main extrusion roll, constitute the 3rd chamber between one-level stripper plate, secondary stripper plate and the main extrusion roll, constitute the 4th chamber between secondary stripper plate, first trim panel and the main extrusion roll, constitute the 5th chamber between second trim panel and the main extrusion roll, wherein, the lower end of the 4th chamber and the 5th chamber communicates with discharge port respectively; Material channel between first chamber and second chamber is gap between pre-extrusion roll and the casing inner wall and the gap between the two pre-extrusion rolls; Material channel between second chamber and the 3rd chamber is the gap between one-level stripper plate and the main extrusion roll; Material channel between the 3rd chamber and the 4th chamber is the gap between secondary stripper plate and the main extrusion roll.
Described first trim panel has following shape with second trim panel: their sides relative with main extrusion roll are provided with several steps, and several step the inners of each trim panel are from top to bottom gradually near main extrusion roll, and the distance between step upper surface the inner bottom and the residing circumferential line in roller tooth plate outer of main extrusion roll is set according to the outside dimension of finished particle.
The preparation method of gamma-polyglutamic acid-of the present invention can be obtained from prior art by those skilled in the art.
Gamma-polyglutamic acid-contains terminal amine and a plurality of-COO group, the NH of nitrogenous fertilizer
4 +, the K in the potash fertilizer
+, the Ca of secondary nutrients
2+, Mg
2+, trace element fertilizer Zn
2+Deng can be directly and the carboxyl site of gamma-polyglutamic acid-and amide group site bonding, form water miscible, stable gamma-polyglutamic acid-salt, provide nutrition for plant growth lentamente.
Gamma-polyglutamic acid-can have multiple conformation: alpha-helix, and random coil, beta sheet, helix-coil transition district, parcel are coalescent etc.The pH of fertilizer is mostly 5 ~ 8, and the main existence form of gamma-polyglutamic acid-is the binding form.Fashionable with some metal ion huge legendary turtle, it is coalescent that conformation changes parcel into from random coil, can delay fertilizer and discharge nutritive element.
Compare with the prior art scheme, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
The present invention compares with general synergistic N fertilizer, not only can improve utilization rate of fertilizer, prolongs the lifetime of fertilizer in soil, promotes crop to the absorption of nutritive substance, can also play the protection environment, keeps soil from packing together effects such as protection Soil structure.Experiment shows that this product has prolonged about 4 times fertilizer the time of releasing in soil than conventional fertilizers, and the consumption that can directly reduce fertilizer has been saved cost on the basis that guarantees crop yield more than 20%.
The gamma-polyglutamic acid-that the present invention adopts is obtained by microbial fermentation technology by subtilis, it is a kind of novel green biomaterial of water-soluble biodegradable, have characteristics such as edibility, nontoxicity, film-forming properties, cohesiveness, moisture retention, in the structure of improving the soil, improve the soil water-reataining fertilizer-keeping ability, reduce environmental pollution, aspects such as raising utilization rate of fertilizer have good effect, have remarkable social benefit, economic benefit and environmental benefit.
Special-purpose counterattack tablets press of the present invention is by four chambeies, three rollers, two plates and two trim panels; larger pieces of material to roll-forming is carried out three grades of impact grindings successively; and through the twice shaping; mechanical effect is softer in the granulation process; not only can produce the compound fertilizer granule of requirement up to specification; the powder ratio is lower in the particle; granulating equipment is longer work-ing life; and the granulating working procedure temperature is lower; be more suitable for containing the slow release fertilizer granulation of gamma-polyglutamic acid-; can not influence the efficacy of adsorption of gamma-polyglutamic acid-, guarantee the sustained release performance of fertilizer.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structure and the principle of work synoptic diagram of the special-purpose counterattack of the present invention tablets press.
Embodiment
Further specify the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing.
The preparation method of gamma-polyglutamic acid-is as follows: be bacterial classification with the subtilis, obtain gamma-polyglutamic acid-by the liquid batchwise, obtain the gamma-polyglutamic acid-crystal through separating and purifying technology, its molecular weight is between 500,000 dalton.
Embodiment one
Be example with preparation 100kg non-coated slow-release type synergistic N fertilizer, gamma-polyglutamic acid-1kg is as the zinc sulfate 1.0kg of auxiliary agent, thiocarbamide 0.5kg as auxiliary agent, as the calcium chloride 1.5kg of auxiliary agent, as the ferrous sulfate 0.3kg of auxiliary agent, surplus is the ammonium chloride as basic components.The preparation method is as follows:
1), preparation gamma-polyglutamic acid-mixture: take by weighing gamma-polyglutamic acid-and auxiliary agent in proportion, mix obtaining the gamma-polyglutamic acid-mixture.
2), gamma-polyglutamic acid-mixture that basic components and the step 1) of powdery obtained mixes (mixing or spray mixing), is sheet through the roll squeezer roll-forming, it is normal to be down to temperature.
3), adopt special-purpose counterattack tablets press to carry out granulation.
As Fig. 1, special-purpose counterattack tablets press of the present invention comprises that the upper end has the container-like casing 1 that opening for feed 2, lower end have discharge port 12.In the cavity that casing 1 surrounds, be disposed with a pair of pre-extrusion roll 4, one-level stripper plate 6 and the secondary stripper plate 8 that has several roller tooth plates respectively by opening for feed 2 to discharge port 12 directions, in the cavity that casing 1 surrounds, be provided with the main extrusion roll 10 that has several roller tooth plates, and in the cavity that casing 1 surrounds, be provided with first trim panel 11 and second trim panel 13 that lays respectively at main extrusion roll 10 left and right sides.
Opening for feed 2 to the space between a pair of pre-extrusion roll 4 is first chamber 3.Space between a pair of pre-extrusion roll 4, one-level stripper plate 6 and the main extrusion roll 10 is second chamber 5.Space between one-level stripper plate 6, secondary stripper plate 8 and the main extrusion roll 10 is the 3rd chamber 7.Space between secondary stripper plate 8, first trim panel 11 and the main extrusion roll 10 is the 4th chamber 9.Space between second trim panel 13 and the main extrusion roll 10 is the 5th chamber 14.Wherein, the 4th chamber 9 and the 5th chamber 14 communicate with discharge port 12 respectively.
Through the roll squeezer roll-forming be sheet material be down to normal temperature after, a pair of pre-extrusion roll by having one group of roller tooth plate respectively and rotating in opposite directions at first, the roller tooth that is extruded roller is broken for the small pieces material.
In the present embodiment, the material channel between first chamber 3 and second chamber 5 is gap between pre-extrusion roll 4 and casing 1 inwall and the gap between the two pre-extrusion rolls 4.The larger pieces of material of roll-forming in roll squeezer enters second chamber 5 with powder after this passage is extruded to the small pieces material in the lump from first chamber 3.
The one-level stripper plate that described small pieces material is fixed is macrobead and the small-particle two portions that comprise powder with the main extrusion roll attrition crushing that has the roller tooth plate and be in rotary state.Macrobead part wherein is the small-particle that comprises powder by secondary stripper plate and described main extrusion roll attrition crushing.Described small-particle is through main extrusion roll and be fixed in two passages between the trim panel of the main extrusion roll left and right sides, is extruded the finished particle into the compound specification requirement of outside dimension.
In the present embodiment, the material channel between second chamber 5 and the 3rd chamber 7 is the gap between one-level stripper plate 6 and the main extrusion roll 10.Small pieces material in second chamber 5 enters in the 3rd chamber 7 with the part powder after this passage is extruded to macrobead.The small-particle and the part powder that form in second chamber 5 enter the 5th chamber 14, and described small-particle drops out from discharge port 12 after by shaping in the 5th chamber 14.
Material channel between the 3rd chamber 7 and the 4th chamber 9 is the gap between secondary stripper plate 8 and the main extrusion roll 10.Macrobead in the 3rd chamber 7 enters in the 4th chamber 9 in the lump with powder after this passage is extruded to small-particle, is dropped out from discharge port 12 after the shaping then.
Described first trim panel 11 has following shape with second trim panel 13: their sides relative with main extrusion roll 10 are provided with several steps, and several step the inners of each trim panel are from top to bottom gradually near main extrusion roll 10, and the distance between step upper surface the inner bottom and the residing circumferential line 15 in roller tooth plate outer of main extrusion roll 10 is the outside dimension of finished particle.
Described pre-extrusion roll 4 and main extrusion roll 10 are connected with the actuating unit that drives their rotations respectively.Described one-level stripper plate 6, secondary stripper plate 8, first trim panel 11 and second trim panel 13 are fixedly mounted on respectively in the cavity that casing 1 surrounds.Described channel size is adjustable, to realize adjustment and the control of discharging-material size.
During the work of this counterattack tablets press, pre-extrusion roll 4 and main extrusion roll 10 rotate, and one-level stripper plate 6, secondary stripper plate 8, first trim panel 11 and second trim panel 13 maintain static.
Slow release effect and the effect of increasing production contrast experiment data of the non-coated slow-release type synergistic N fertilizer that present embodiment is prepared see Table 1-1,1-2.
Show 1-1:25 ℃ of hydrostatic release rate experimental result
Experimental technique: take by weighing common ammonium chloride, each about 10.00g of embodiment one sample, put into the pouch that 100 order nylon gauzes are made, after sealing pouch is put into the Plastic Bottle of 300ml, add 250ml distilled water, seal, place 25 ℃ of biochemical constant incubators respectively, be sample time: 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 days, turn upside down during sampling 3 times (make bottle in a strength of fluid unanimity) will take a sample and move in another bottle, adopt kjeldahl apparatus mensuration nitrogen nutrient release rate.Add distilled water 250ml more then in the bottle that pouch is housed, seal and put into incubator continuation cultivation, every kind of fertilizer carries out 2 parallel laboratory tests.According to aforesaid operations, obtain 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 day nitrogen nutrient release rate.
Table 1-2: spring wheat fertilising contrast and experiment
| Handle | Mean yield (kg/ mu) | Units increased in production (kg/ mu) with respect to common ammonium chloride | Stimulation ratio (%) |
| Do not apply fertilizer | 298 | -25 | -7.7 |
| Ammonium chloride | 323 | 0 | 0 |
| Embodiment one | 364 | 41 | 12.70 |
Experimental technique: all handle all disposable applying of fertilizer, evenly are spread on the surface, residential quarter, and about native 20cm, mechanical planting redefines subdistrict position after emerging about ploughing deeply.The Routine Management of wheatland is all with conventional.Chemical weed control, deinsectization, irrigation rationally, assurance adequate water.This experiment uses common ammonium chloride and embodiment one sample for for experiment fertilizer, compares in the same level of P, K.
Our experiments show that, use the spring wheat of embodiment one sample, improved crop yield, realized increasing income more than 10%.
Embodiment two
Be example with preparation 100kg non-coated slow-release type synergistic N fertilizer, gamma-polyglutamic acid-0.8kg is as the copper sulfate 1.2kg of auxiliary agent, Dyhard RU 100 0.3kg as auxiliary agent, as the calcium chloride 0.9kg of auxiliary agent, as the acephate 0.3kg of auxiliary agent, surplus is the ammonium nitrate as basic components.The preparation method is with embodiment one.The preparation method is with embodiment one.
Slow release effect and the effect of increasing production contrast experiment data of the non-coated slow-release type synergistic N fertilizer that present embodiment is prepared see Table 2-1,2-2.
Show 2-1:25 ℃ of hydrostatic release rate experiment
Experimental technique: take by weighing common ammonium nitrate, each about 10.00g of embodiment two samples, put into the pouch that 100 order nylon gauzes are made, after sealing pouch is put into the Plastic Bottle of 300ml, add 250ml distilled water, seal, place 25 ℃ of biochemical constant incubators respectively, be sample time: 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 days, turn upside down during sampling 3 times (make bottle in a strength of fluid unanimity) will take a sample and move in another bottle, adopt kjeldahl apparatus mensuration nitrogen nutrient release rate.Add distilled water 250ml more then in the bottle that pouch is housed, seal and put into incubator continuation cultivation, every kind of fertilizer carries out 2 parallel laboratory tests.According to aforesaid operations, obtain 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 day nitrogen nutrient release rate.
Table 2-2: spring wheat fertilising contrast and experiment
| Handle | Mean yield (kg/ mu) | Units increased in production (kg/ mu) with respect to common ammonium nitrate | Stimulation ratio (%) |
| Do not apply fertilizer | 301 | -28 | -8.5 |
| Ammonium nitrate | 329 | 0 | 0 |
| Embodiment two | 378 | 49 | 14.89 |
Experimental technique: all handle all disposable applying of fertilizer, evenly are spread on the surface, residential quarter, and about native 20cm, mechanical planting redefines subdistrict position after emerging about ploughing deeply.The Routine Management of wheatland is all with conventional.Chemical weed control, deinsectization, irrigation rationally, assurance adequate water.This experiment uses common ammonium nitrate and embodiment three samples for for experiment fertilizer, compares in the same level of P, K.
Our experiments show that, use the spring wheat of embodiment two samples, improved crop yield, realized increasing income more than 10%.
Embodiment three
Be example with preparation 100kg non-coated slow-release type synergistic N fertilizer, gamma-polyglutamic acid-1.5kg is as the calcium carbonate 0.6kg of auxiliary agent, cyanalcohol 0.6kg as auxiliary agent, as the calcium chloride 0.5kg of auxiliary agent, as the boric acid 0.1kg of auxiliary agent, surplus is the urea as basic components.The preparation method is with embodiment one.
Slow release effect and the effect of increasing production contrast experiment data of the non-coated slow-release type synergistic N fertilizer that present embodiment is prepared see Table 3-1,3-2.
Show 3-1:25 ℃ of hydrostatic release rate experiment
Experimental technique: take by weighing common urea, each about 10.00g of embodiment three samples, put into the pouch that 100 order nylon gauzes are made, after sealing pouch is put into the Plastic Bottle of 300ml, add 250ml distilled water, seal, place 25 ℃ of biochemical constant incubators respectively, be sample time: 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 days, turn upside down during sampling 3 times (make bottle in a strength of fluid unanimity) will take a sample and move in another bottle, adopt kjeldahl apparatus mensuration nitrogen nutrient release rate.Add distilled water 250ml more then in the bottle that pouch is housed, seal and put into incubator continuation cultivation, every kind of fertilizer carries out 2 parallel laboratory tests.According to aforesaid operations, obtain 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 day nitrogen nutrient release rate.
Table 3-2: spring wheat fertilising contrast and experiment
| Handle | Mean yield (kg/ mu) | Units increased in production (kg/ mu) with respect to common urea | Stimulation ratio (%) |
| Do not apply fertilizer | 304 | -40 | -11.63 |
| Urea | 344 | 0 | 0 |
| Embodiment three | 398 | 54 | 15.70 |
Experimental technique: all handle all disposable applying of fertilizer, evenly are spread on the surface, residential quarter, and about native 20cm, mechanical planting redefines subdistrict position after emerging about ploughing deeply.The Routine Management of wheatland is all with conventional.Chemical weed control, deinsectization, irrigation rationally, assurance adequate water.This experiment uses common urea and embodiment four samples for for experiment fertilizer, compares in the same level of P, K.
Our experiments show that, use the spring wheat of embodiment three samples, improved crop yield, realized increasing income more than 10%.
Embodiment four
Be example with preparation 100kg non-coated slow-release type synergistic N fertilizer, gamma-polyglutamic acid-0.5kg, as the 0.3kg of auxiliary agent, as the thiocarbamide 0.4kg of auxiliary agent, as the methylamine 0.6kg of auxiliary agent, surplus is the nitrocalcite as basic components.The preparation method is with embodiment one.
Slow release effect and the effect of increasing production contrast experiment data of the non-coated slow-release type synergistic N fertilizer that present embodiment is prepared see Table 4-1,4-2.
Show 4-1:25 ℃ of hydrostatic release rate experiment
Experimental technique: take by weighing common nitrocalcite, each about 10.00g of embodiment four samples, put into the pouch that 100 order nylon gauzes are made, after sealing pouch is put into the Plastic Bottle of 300ml, add 250ml distilled water, seal, place 25 ℃ of biochemical constant incubators respectively, be sample time: 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 days, turn upside down during sampling 3 times (make bottle in a strength of fluid unanimity) will take a sample and move in another bottle, adopt kjeldahl apparatus mensuration nitrogen nutrient release rate.Add distilled water 250ml more then in the bottle that pouch is housed, seal and put into incubator continuation cultivation, every kind of fertilizer carries out 2 parallel laboratory tests.According to aforesaid operations, obtain 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 day nitrogen nutrient release rate.
Table 4-2 spring wheat fertilising contrast and experiment
| Handle | Mean yield (kg/ mu) | Units increased in production (kg/ mu) with respect to common nitrocalcite | Stimulation ratio (%) |
| Do not apply fertilizer | 309 | -22 | -6.64 |
| Nitrocalcite | 331 | 0 | 0 |
| Embodiment four | 389 | 58 | 17.52 |
Experimental technique: all handle all disposable applying of fertilizer, evenly are spread on the surface, residential quarter, and about native 20cm, mechanical planting redefines subdistrict position after emerging about ploughing deeply.The Routine Management of wheatland is all with conventional.Chemical weed control, deinsectization, irrigation rationally, assurance adequate water.This experiment uses common nitrocalcite and embodiment five samples for for experiment fertilizer, compares in the same level of P, K.
Our experiments show that, use the spring wheat of embodiment four samples, improved crop yield, realized increasing income more than 10%.
Embodiment five
Be example with preparation 100kg non-coated slow-release type synergistic N fertilizer, gamma-polyglutamic acid-1kg, as the copper sulfate 1.0kg of auxiliary agent, as the Dyhard RU 100 0.6kg of auxiliary agent, as the magnesium chloride 0.7kg of auxiliary agent, surplus is the ammonium sulfate as basic components.The preparation method is with embodiment one.
Slow release effect and the effect of increasing production contrast experiment data of the non-coated slow-release type synergistic N fertilizer that present embodiment is prepared see Table 5-1,5-2.
Show 5-1:25 ℃ of hydrostatic release rate experiment
Experimental technique: take by weighing common ammonium sulfate, each about 10.00g of embodiment five samples, put into the pouch that 100 order nylon gauzes are made, after sealing pouch is put into the Plastic Bottle of 300ml, add 250ml distilled water, seal, place 25 ℃ of biochemical constant incubators respectively, be sample time: 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 days, turn upside down during sampling 3 times (make bottle in a strength of fluid unanimity) will take a sample and move in another bottle, adopt kjeldahl apparatus mensuration nitrogen nutrient release rate.Add distilled water 250ml more then in the bottle that pouch is housed, seal and put into incubator continuation cultivation, every kind of fertilizer carries out 2 parallel laboratory tests.According to aforesaid operations, obtain 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 day nitrogen nutrient release rate.
Table 5-2: spring wheat fertilising contrast and experiment
| Handle | Mean yield (kg/ mu) | Units increased in production (kg/ mu) with respect to common ammonium sulfate | Stimulation ratio (%) |
| Do not apply fertilizer | 296 | 25 | -7.79 |
| Ammonium sulfate | 321 | 0 | 0 |
| Embodiment five | 365 | 43 | 13.39 |
Experimental technique: all handle all disposable applying of fertilizer, evenly are spread on the surface, residential quarter, and about native 20cm, mechanical planting redefines subdistrict position after emerging about ploughing deeply.The Routine Management of wheatland is all with conventional.Chemical weed control, deinsectization, irrigation rationally, assurance adequate water.This experiment uses common ammonium sulfate and embodiment six samples for for experiment fertilizer, compares in the same level of P, K.
Our experiments show that, use the spring wheat of embodiment five samples, improved crop yield, realized increasing income more than 10%.
Embodiment six
Be example with preparation 100kg non-coated slow-release type synergistic N fertilizer, gamma-polyglutamic acid-1kg, as the calcium carbonate 1.5kg of auxiliary agent, as the cyanalcohol 0.3kg of auxiliary agent, surplus is the bicarbonate of ammonia as basic components.The preparation method is with embodiment one.
Slow release effect and the effect of increasing production contrast experiment data of the non-coated slow-release type synergistic N fertilizer that present embodiment is prepared see Table 6-1,6-2.
Show 6-1:25 ℃ of hydrostatic release rate experiment
Experimental technique: take by weighing common bicarbonate of ammonia, each about 10.00g of embodiment six samples, put into the pouch that 100 order nylon gauzes are made, after sealing pouch is put into the Plastic Bottle of 300ml, add 250ml distilled water, seal, place 25 ℃ of biochemical constant incubators respectively, be sample time: 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 days, turn upside down during sampling 3 times (make bottle in a strength of fluid unanimity) will take a sample and move in another bottle, adopt kjeldahl apparatus mensuration nitrogen nutrient release rate.Add distilled water 250ml more then in the bottle that pouch is housed, seal and put into incubator continuation cultivation, every kind of fertilizer carries out 2 parallel laboratory tests.According to aforesaid operations, obtain 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 day nitrogen nutrient release rate.
Table 6-2: spring wheat fertilising contrast and experiment
| Handle | Mean yield (kg/ mu) | Units increased in production (kg/ mu) with respect to common bicarbonate of ammonia | Stimulation ratio (%) |
| Do not apply fertilizer | 308 | 18 | 5.52 |
| Bicarbonate of ammonia | 326 | 0 | 0 |
| Embodiment six | 360 | 34 | 10.43 |
Experimental technique: all handle all disposable applying of fertilizer, evenly are spread on the surface, residential quarter, and about native 20cm, mechanical planting redefines subdistrict position after emerging about ploughing deeply.The Routine Management of wheatland is all with conventional.Chemical weed control, deinsectization, irrigation rationally, assurance adequate water.This experiment uses common bicarbonate of ammonia and embodiment one sample for for experiment fertilizer, compares in the same level of P, K.
Our experiments show that, use the spring wheat of embodiment six samples, improved crop yield, realized increasing income more than 10%.
Claims (8)
1. non-coated slow-release type synergistic N fertilizer is characterized in that described nitrogenous fertilizer is composed of the following components:
Gamma-polyglutamic acid-0.50 ~ 1.50%, as the resistance solvent 0.3 ~ 1.5% of auxiliary agent, as the nitrification inhibitor 0.3 ~ 0.6% of auxiliary agent, as the sorbent material 0 ~ 1.5% of auxiliary agent, as the urease inhibitor 0 ~ 0.6% of auxiliary agent, surplus is basic components;
Described basic components is ammonium fertilizer or nitrate fertilizer or amide nitrogen fertilizer;
The molecular weight of described gamma-polyglutamic acid-is 15 ~ 1,000,000 dalton;
Described per-cent is mass percent;
Described non-coated slow-release type synergistic N fertilizer is prepared from accordance with the following methods:
1), preparation gamma-polyglutamic acid-mixture: take by weighing gamma-polyglutamic acid-and auxiliary agent in proportion, mix obtaining the gamma-polyglutamic acid-mixture;
2), gamma-polyglutamic acid-mixture that basic components and the step 1) of powdery obtained mixes, and is sheet through the roll squeezer roll-forming, it is normal to be down to temperature;
3), adopt reaction type granulation mode to carry out granulation;
Described reaction type granulation mode refers to: be after the material of sheet is down to normal temperature through the roll squeezer roll-forming, and a pair of pre-extrusion roll by having one group of roller tooth plate respectively and rotating in opposite directions at first, the roller tooth that is extruded roller is broken for the small pieces material;
The one-level stripper plate that described small pieces material is fixed is macrobead and the small-particle two portions that comprise powder with the main extrusion roll attrition crushing that has the roller tooth plate and be in rotary state; Macrobead part wherein is the small-particle that comprises powder by secondary stripper plate and described main extrusion roll attrition crushing; Described small-particle is through main extrusion roll and be fixed in two passages between the trim panel of the main extrusion roll left and right sides, is extruded the finished particle into the compound specification requirement of outside dimension.
2. non-coated slow-release type synergistic N fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the molecular weight of described gamma-polyglutamic acid-is 500,000 dalton.
3. non-coated slow-release type synergistic N fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described resistance solvent is selected from one or more mixtures by arbitrary proportion in zinc sulfate, copper sulfate and the calcium carbonate.
4. non-coated slow-release type synergistic N fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described nitrification inhibitor is selected from one or more mixtures by arbitrary proportion in thiocarbamide, Dyhard RU 100 and the cyanalcohol.
5. non-coated slow-release type synergistic N fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described sorbent material is one or both mixtures by arbitrary proportion in calcium chloride and the magnesium chloride; The consumption of sorbent material is 0.5 ~ 1.5%.
6. non-coated slow-release type synergistic N fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described urease inhibitor is one or more mixtures by arbitrary proportion in ferrous sulfate, boric acid, acephate and the methylamine; The consumption of urease inhibitor is 0.1 ~ 0.6%.
7. non-coated slow-release type synergistic N fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, step 3) adopts special-purpose counterattack tablets press to carry out granulation; Described special-purpose counterattack tablets press comprises that the upper end has opening for feed (2), the lower end has the container-like casing (1) of discharge port (12), in the cavity that casing (1) surrounds, be disposed with a pair of pre-extrusion roll (4) that has several roller tooth plates respectively by opening for feed (2) to discharge port (12) direction, one-level stripper plate (6) and secondary stripper plate (8), in described cavity, be provided with the main extrusion roll (10) that has several roller tooth plates, and in described cavity, be provided with first trim panel (11) and second trim panel (13) that lays respectively at main extrusion roll (10) left and right sides; Opening for feed (2) to the space between a pair of pre-extrusion roll (4) constitutes first chamber (3), a pair of pre-extrusion roll (4), constitute second chamber (5) between one-level stripper plate (6) and the main extrusion roll (10), one-level stripper plate (6), constitute the 3rd chamber (7) between secondary stripper plate (8) and the main extrusion roll (10), secondary stripper plate (8), constitute the 4th chamber (9) between first trim panel (11) and the main extrusion roll (10), constitute the 5th chamber (14) between second trim panel (13) and the main extrusion roll (10), wherein, the lower end of the 4th chamber (9) and the 5th chamber (14) communicates with discharge port (12) respectively; Material channel between first chamber (3) and second chamber (5) is gap between pre-extrusion roll (4) and casing (1) inwall and the gap between the two pre-extrusion rolls (4); Material channel between second chamber (5) and the 3rd chamber (7) is the gap between one-level stripper plate (6) and the main extrusion roll (10); Material channel between the 3rd chamber (7) and the 4th chamber (9) is the gap between secondary stripper plate (8) and the main extrusion roll (10).
8. non-coated slow-release type synergistic N fertilizer as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that: described first trim panel (11) has following shape with second trim panel (13): their sides relative with main extrusion roll (10) are provided with several steps, and several step the inners of each trim panel are from top to bottom gradually near main extrusion roll (10), and the distance between step upper surface the inner bottom and the residing circumferential line in roller tooth plate outer (15) of main extrusion roll (10) is set according to the outside dimension of finished particle.
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| CN105237066A (en) * | 2015-09-02 | 2016-01-13 | 云南天和地农业营养科技有限责任公司 | Synergistic urea ammonium nitrogen fertilizer and preparation method of same |
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| CN201473466U (en) * | 2009-08-17 | 2010-05-19 | 山东鹏飞集团有限公司 | Extrusion device of extrusion granulator |
| KR101064898B1 (en) * | 2011-04-04 | 2011-09-16 | 주식회사 누보 | Effervescent nk fertilizer composition culturing of fresh water crops |
| CN102515956A (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2012-06-27 | 天津北洋百川生物技术有限公司 | PGA high-efficiency environmental protection urea and its production technology |
| CN102584495A (en) * | 2012-02-17 | 2012-07-18 | 南京轩凯生物科技有限公司 | Slow release urea containing gamma-polyglutamic acid and urease inhibitor and preparation method thereof |
| CN102584496A (en) * | 2012-02-17 | 2012-07-18 | 南京工业大学 | Efficient slow-release urea and preparation method thereof |
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| CN201473466U (en) * | 2009-08-17 | 2010-05-19 | 山东鹏飞集团有限公司 | Extrusion device of extrusion granulator |
| KR101064898B1 (en) * | 2011-04-04 | 2011-09-16 | 주식회사 누보 | Effervescent nk fertilizer composition culturing of fresh water crops |
| CN102515956A (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2012-06-27 | 天津北洋百川生物技术有限公司 | PGA high-efficiency environmental protection urea and its production technology |
| CN102584495A (en) * | 2012-02-17 | 2012-07-18 | 南京轩凯生物科技有限公司 | Slow release urea containing gamma-polyglutamic acid and urease inhibitor and preparation method thereof |
| CN102584496A (en) * | 2012-02-17 | 2012-07-18 | 南京工业大学 | Efficient slow-release urea and preparation method thereof |
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