CN102863108B - 一种反渗透浓水的处理方法 - Google Patents
一种反渗透浓水的处理方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102863108B CN102863108B CN201210358493.7A CN201210358493A CN102863108B CN 102863108 B CN102863108 B CN 102863108B CN 201210358493 A CN201210358493 A CN 201210358493A CN 102863108 B CN102863108 B CN 102863108B
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- reverse osmosis
- water
- adsorption
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen peroxide Chemical group data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 data:image/svg+xml;base64,PD94bWwgdmVyc2lvbj0nMS4wJyBlbmNvZGluZz0naXNvLTg4NTktMSc/Pgo8c3ZnIHZlcnNpb249JzEuMScgYmFzZVByb2ZpbGU9J2Z1bGwnCiAgICAgICAgICAgICAgeG1sbnM9J2h0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnJwogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgeG1sbnM6cmRraXQ9J2h0dHA6Ly93d3cucmRraXQub3JnL3htbCcKICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSdodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rJwogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICB4bWw6c3BhY2U9J3ByZXNlcnZlJwp3aWR0aD0nODVweCcgaGVpZ2h0PSc4NXB4JyB2aWV3Qm94PScwIDAgODUgODUnPgo8IS0tIEVORCBPRiBIRUFERVIgLS0+CjxyZWN0IHN0eWxlPSdvcGFjaXR5OjEuMDtmaWxsOiNGRkZGRkY7c3Ryb2tlOm5vbmUnIHdpZHRoPSc4NS4wJyBoZWlnaHQ9Jzg1LjAnIHg9JzAuMCcgeT0nMC4wJz4gPC9yZWN0Pgo8cGF0aCBjbGFzcz0nYm9uZC0wIGF0b20tMCBhdG9tLTEnIGQ9J00gMjYuMyw0Mi4wIEwgNTcuNyw0Mi4wJyBzdHlsZT0nZmlsbDpub25lO2ZpbGwtcnVsZTpldmVub2RkO3N0cm9rZTojRTg0MjM1O3N0cm9rZS13aWR0aDoxLjBweDtzdHJva2UtbGluZWNhcDpidXR0O3N0cm9rZS1saW5lam9pbjptaXRlcjtzdHJva2Utb3BhY2l0eToxJyAvPgo8dGV4dCB4PSczLjQnIHk9JzUwLjgnIGNsYXNzPSdhdG9tLTAnIHN0eWxlPSdmb250LXNpemU6MTdweDtmb250LXN0eWxlOm5vcm1hbDtmb250LXdlaWdodDpub3JtYWw7ZmlsbC1vcGFjaXR5OjE7c3Ryb2tlOm5vbmU7Zm9udC1mYW1pbHk6c2Fucy1zZXJpZjt0ZXh0LWFuY2hvcjpzdGFydDtmaWxsOiNFODQyMzUnID5IPC90ZXh0Pgo8dGV4dCB4PScxNC42JyB5PSc1MC44JyBjbGFzcz0nYXRvbS0wJyBzdHlsZT0nZm9udC1zaXplOjE3cHg7Zm9udC1zdHlsZTpub3JtYWw7Zm9udC13ZWlnaHQ6bm9ybWFsO2ZpbGwtb3BhY2l0eToxO3N0cm9rZTpub25lO2ZvbnQtZmFtaWx5OnNhbnMtc2VyaWY7dGV4dC1hbmNob3I6c3RhcnQ7ZmlsbDojRTg0MjM1JyA+TzwvdGV4dD4KPHRleHQgeD0nNTguNycgeT0nNTAuOCcgY2xhc3M9J2F0b20tMScgc3R5bGU9J2ZvbnQtc2l6ZToxN3B4O2ZvbnQtc3R5bGU6bm9ybWFsO2ZvbnQtd2VpZ2h0Om5vcm1hbDtmaWxsLW9wYWNpdHk6MTtzdHJva2U6bm9uZTtmb250LWZhbWlseTpzYW5zLXNlcmlmO3RleHQtYW5jaG9yOnN0YXJ0O2ZpbGw6I0U4NDIzNScgPk88L3RleHQ+Cjx0ZXh0IHg9JzcwLjgnIHk9JzUwLjgnIGNsYXNzPSdhdG9tLTEnIHN0eWxlPSdmb250LXNpemU6MTdweDtmb250LXN0eWxlOm5vcm1hbDtmb250LXdlaWdodDpub3JtYWw7ZmlsbC1vcGFjaXR5OjE7c3Ryb2tlOm5vbmU7Zm9udC1mYW1pbHk6c2Fucy1zZXJpZjt0ZXh0LWFuY2hvcjpzdGFydDtmaWxsOiNFODQyMzUnID5IPC90ZXh0Pgo8L3N2Zz4K OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium carbonate Chemical group 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[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003750 conditioning Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Iron(II) sulfate Chemical group 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[Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003657 drainage water Substances 0.000 abstract 1
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Abstract
本发明提供一种反渗透浓水的处理方法，其包括以下步骤：使反渗透浓水进入电吸附装置进行电吸附处理，一部分经电吸附处理后的产水直接回用，另一部分经电吸附处理后的排水以管道混合的方式加入氧化剂、催化剂和调节剂，形成混合液；所述混合液进入微波反应器进行微波照射处理；经过微波照射处理后的混合液进入沉淀装置进行沉淀，沉淀后的上清液为最终产水，直接排放；沉淀后的污泥经过脱水处理后形成干泥。本发明提供的渗透浓水的处理方法具有工艺简单、操作维护方便，有效降低反渗透浓水的COD值等优点，使经处理后的反渗透浓水满足达标排放的要求。
Description
一种反渗透浓水的处理方法
技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及一种反渗透浓水的处理方法，尤其涉及一种“双模法”废水深度处理后的反渗透浓水的处理方法，属于造纸工业废水处理技术领域。
背景技术
[0002] 棉浆造纸工业废水是一种水量大、色度高、悬浮物含量大、有机物浓度高、组分复杂的难处理有机废水。通常采用“双膜法”即“超滤+反渗透”的深度处理工艺对造纸废水进行处理，其具有COD去除率高、工艺流程短、操作简单、运行稳定等优点。其工艺原理主要为通过高分子材料制成的超滤膜和反渗透膜对废水中的污染物和，反渗透段的产水回收率约70%左右，产生30%的反渗透浓水。由于反渗透工艺原理只是过滤分离污染物和水的物理过程，对废水中的污染物不起任何降解和分解作用，因此，反渗透过滤后所产生的浓水是污染物的浓缩液，一般浓缩约3-4倍。
[0003]目前，国内外应用“双膜法”废水深度处理的企业和公司，其反渗透浓水往往采用稀释法勾对排放，对环境造成了较大的污染。反渗透浓水的处理是目前废水深度处理与回用中的重点和难点，已成为“双膜法”废水深度处理与回用技术发展的瓶颈。
[0004] 因此，开发反渗透浓水处理工艺与技术成为造纸废水处理与回用的关键。目前，处理反渗透浓水的方法主要包括生化法、物化法、蒸馏浓缩法及活性炭吸附法等。但这些方法都存在不足之处:在反渗透处理前向浓水中加入的阻垢剂和杀菌剂，对生化系统产生抑制作用；常规的物化处理法如凝絮、过滤等的效果也不理想；蒸馏浓缩只是污染物与水分离，并没有真止去除污染物；活性炭吸附处理成本高，在经济上基本不可行。
[0005] 为有效处理反渗透浓水，一些新型的处理方法和工艺被研发出来，其中，微波法受到广泛关注。CN101381120A公开了一种微波处理反渗透浓水的方法:首先加入工艺添加剂对反渗透浓水进行预处理，预 处理后的废水进入微波处理器，经微波照射1-30秒，在场效应、热点效应和催化作用等的共同作用下，废水与工艺添加剂发生物理化学反应，微波处理器的出水经沉淀后实现达标排放。但其出水的COD值在50mg/L以上，未能达到国家废水综合排放标准一级A的标准值50mg/L的要求。
[0006] 因此，仍有需要研发出一种技术上、经济上均可行的反渗透浓水的处理方法，有效降低反渗透浓水的COD值，使经处理后的反渗透浓水满足达标排放的要求。
发明内容
[0007] 为解决上述技术问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种反渗透浓水的处理方法，其具有工艺简单、操作维护方便，有效降低反渗透浓水的COD值等优点。
[0008] 为达上述目的，本发明提供一种反渗透浓水的处理方法，其包括以下步骤:
[0009] 使反渗透浓水进入电吸附装置进行电吸附处理，一部分经电吸附处理后的产水直接回用，另一部分经电吸附处理后的排水以管道混合的方式加入氧化剂、催化剂和调节剂，形成混合液；[0010] 所述混合液进入微波反应器进行微波照射处理；
[0011] 经过微波照射处理后的混合液进入沉淀装置进行沉淀，沉淀后的上清液为最终产水，直接排放，沉淀后的污泥经过脱水处理后形成干泥。
[0012] 本发明提供的反渗透浓水的处理方法的工艺流程如图1所示。
[0013] 在上述方法中，优选地，所采用的电吸附装置具有通道式结构，其通道宽度为毫米级，优选地，其通道宽度为0.2_。该电吸附装置的主要工作原理为通过对电吸附装置施加外加电压形成静电场，强制离子向带有相反电荷的电极处移动，同时，在强电场作用下，装置内产生大量的羟基自由基，将反渗透浓水中的难降解有机物进行部分氧化分解。通过对装置的充放电进行控制，从而实现对反渗透浓水的除盐和有机物的去除。该电吸附装置的工艺流程分为两个步骤:工作流程，反洗流程。其中，所述工作流程包括将反渗透水中的固体悬浮物或沉淀物截流后，将其送入电吸附装置，经过电吸附处理使水质被净化。所述反洗流程是电吸附装置的反冲洗过程，冲洗通过短接静置，使电极再生，所述短接静置是指断电停止运行，静置一段时间，然后再进行反洗。反洗流程可根据进水条件以及产水率要求选择一级反洗、二级反洗、三级反洗或四级反洗。该电吸附装置的优点包括:不易堵塞；对前处理要求相对较低，可降低投资及运行成本；具有很强的耐冲击性。
[0014] 在上述方法中，更优选地，所述电吸附装置为常州爱思特水务科技有限公司生产的产品。该电吸附装置的工作电压通常为1.6伏，所述反渗透浓水在电吸附装置中的处理时间为42分钟，其包括通电工作2分钟，断电静置8分钟，反洗32分钟。
[0015] 在上述方法中，以所述反渗透浓水的总质量计，所述一部分经电吸附处理后的产水大于75%，该产水排于收集水箱，可进一步回用。本发明利用电吸附装置较强的去除离子和分解有机污染物的功能，将反渗透浓水中难降解的有机污染物进行部分氧化分解，所述一部分经电吸附处理后的产水中离子含量去除约70%，其电导率接近自来水水平，可以绿化回用或勾对回用，减少排污量。
[0016] 在上述方法中，优选地，所述氧化剂为双氧水，其在所述另一部分经电吸附处理后的排水中的浓度为143-146ppm(mg/L)。
[0017] 在上述方法中，优选地，所述催化剂为硫酸亚铁，其在所述另一部分经电吸附处理后的排水中的浓度为1785-1821ppm(mg/L)。
[0018] 在上述方法中，优选地，所述调节剂为纯碱片，其在所述另一部分经电吸附处理后的排水中的浓度为476-486ppm(mg/L)。
[0019] 在上述方法中，所述另一部分经电吸附处理后的排水(以所述反渗透浓水的总质量计，该排水约25%)由于污染物质含量过高，不能再回用，以管道混合的方式(管道混合为瞬间混合，混合时间约为5-10秒)加入上述氧化剂、催化剂和调节剂后泵入微波反应器，进行微波氧化处理。微波氧化原理主要是利用水分子对微波的强吸收能力，加速水分子运动速度，对废水中的不同物质进行选择性分子加热，催化加快吸波污染物质的氧化反应速度。优选地，所述微波反应器的功率为1000W，所述混合均匀后的混合液在微波反应器中的照射时间为20秒。
[0020] 在上述方法中，优选地，所述处理后的混合液在沉淀装置中的沉淀时间为3小时。经过微波照射处理后的混合液进入沉淀装置进行沉淀，沉淀装置进出水为连续运行，沉淀后的上清液为最终产水，直接排放，沉淀后的污泥经过脱水处理后形成干泥。[0021] 本发明提供的反渗透浓水的处理方法，采用“电吸附+微波氧化”的工艺流程，成为一种新型的“双膜法”废水深度处理后的反渗透浓水再处理的方法。本发明的有益效果体现在:(I)工艺流程简单，便于实现工业化；(2)操作简单，维护方便；(3)对前处理要求相对较低，可降低投资及运行成本；(4)对反渗透浓水中不可生化降解的有机物去除效率高，CODcr总去除率达到70%以上；(5)电吸附段可进一步回收约75% (以进入电吸附装置的反渗透浓水的总质量计)的水资源，其余25%再进行微波氧化，排放水量小，是反渗透浓水的25%左右；(6)最终产水的CODcr降低到50mg/L以下，达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB18918-2002) —级A排放要求。本发明对“双膜法”废水深度处理后的反渗透浓水的再处理方法具有积极的意义和广阔的应用前景。
附图说明
[0022] 图1为本发明的反渗透浓水的处理方法的工艺流程图。
具体实施方式
[0023] 本实施例提供一种反渗透浓水的处理方法，其包括以下步骤:
[0024] 使反渗透浓水进入电吸附装置进行电吸附处理，所述电吸附装置的工作电压为
1.6伏，电吸附处理时间为42分钟，一部分经电吸附处理后的产水直接回用；
[0025] 另一部分 经电吸附处理后的排水中以管道混合的方式加入143ppm双氧水、1785ppm硫酸亚铁和476ppm纯碱片，形成混合液；
[0026] 所述混合液进入微波反应器进行微波照射处理；微波反应器的功率为1000W，微波照射时间为20秒；
[0027] 经过微波照射处理后的混合液进入沉淀装置进行沉淀，沉淀时间为3小时，沉淀后的上清液为最终产水，直接排放，沉淀后的污泥经过脱水处理后形成干泥。
[0028] 本实施例通过上述方法对19个反渗透浓水样品分别进行了处理，并且分别对每个反渗透浓水样品、电吸附产水、电吸附排水以及最终产水的COD值、电导率和TDS值进行了检测。COD值采用GB11914-89国家标准监测方法进行检测，电导率和TDS值采用哈希公司生产的SenSionTM5电导率仪进行检测，检测结果如表1和表2所示。
[0029] 表1COD值检测结果
[0030]
[0032] 表2电导率及TDS值检测结果
[0033]
[0034] 表1与表2中的混合水为电吸附产水与反渗透产水按ζ.7(质量比)混合后得到的水样。
[0035] 如表1及表2所示，反渗透浓水的COD值在140_190mg/l范围内，平均值为156.4mg/L ;反渗透浓水的电导率平均值为2400 μ S/cm, TDS平均值为1400mg/L。电吸附产水的COD值在100mg/L以下，平均值为69.4mg/L ;电吸附产水的电导率平均值为607 μ S/cm, TDS平均值为341mg/L，接近自来水水平(电导率为556 μ S/cm, TDS值为417mg/L)。取电吸附产水与反渗透产水按2: 7(质量比)混合后，测得水样COD值为17.5mg/L,电导率为166μ S/cm，TDS值为125mg/L，其COD值接近自来水水平，电导率和TDS值均低于自来水水平。根据COD值对造纸的影响综合分析，反渗透浓水电吸附处理后的产水完全可以与反渗透产水混合回用，从而进一步提高水的回收率。最终产水的COD值在20-50mg/L范围内，平均值为30.8mg/L,最终产水达到了国家废水综合排放标准一级A的标准值50mg/L的要求。
Claims (7)
1.一种反渗透浓水的处理方法，其包括以下步骤: 使反渗透浓水进入电吸附装置进行电吸附处理，一部分经电吸附处理后的产水直接回用，另一部分经电吸附处理后的排水以管道混合的方式加入氧化剂、催化剂和调节剂，形成混合液； 所述混合液进入微波反应器进行微波照射处理； 经过微波照射处理后的混合液进入沉淀装置进行沉淀，沉淀后的上清液为最终产水，直接排放；沉淀后的污泥经过脱水处理后形成干泥； 其中，所述电吸附装置具有通道式结构，其通道宽度为0.2mm ； 所述电吸附装置的工作电压为1.6伏，所述反渗透浓水在所述电吸附装置中的处理时间为42分钟。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，以所述反渗透浓水的总质量计，所述直接回用的产水大于75%。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述氧化剂为双氧水，其在所述另一部分经电吸附处理后的排水中的浓度为143-146ppm。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述催化剂为硫酸亚铁，其在所述另一部分经电吸附处理后的排水中的浓度为1785-1821ppm。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述调节剂为纯碱片，其在所述另一部分经电吸附处理后的排水中的浓度为476-486ppm。
6.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述微波反应器的功率为1000W，所述混合均匀后的混合液在所述微波反应器中的照射时间为20秒。
7.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述处理后的混合液在所述沉淀装置中的沉淀时间为3小时。
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