CN1028593C

CN1028593C - Biological pesticide

Info

Publication number: CN1028593C
Application number: CN 90104583
Authority: CN
Inventors: 宛吉斌
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1990-07-18
Filing date: 1990-07-18
Publication date: 1995-05-31
Anticipated expiration: 2005-07-18
Also published as: CN1058134A

Abstract

The present invention provides biological insecticide which relates to bacterial insecticide, particularly to the domestication of bacteria and the manufacture of the insecticide. The biological insecticide is harmless bacterium which can kill pests and can be harmless to human, animals, fishes, etc. The bacteria are gradually domesticated by natural plant powder such as stemona root, jewelvine, cnidium fruit, pyrethrum, betel nut, clove, etc., which have insecticidal action, or the decocting and dipping agents thereof; bacteria which can normally grow in the natural plant powder or the decocting and dipping agents thereof are obtained, and then, the domesticated bacteria are cultured in the natural plant powder or the decocting and dipping agents thereof, and finally, the biological insecticide is manufactured. The insecticide has the advantages of good insecticidal effect, wide application, no residual toxicity, no pollution, low cost, etc., and can promote the growth of plants.

Description

Biological pesticide

The present invention relates to insecticide, relate in particular to the domestication of germ insecticide and bacterium.

As everyone knows, agricultural insecticide is the necessity that the protection crops avoid the insect infringement, and national life is had very significant meaning.The pesticide D-D T of Shi Yonging, dichlorvos, chrysanthemum ester, organochlorine, organic phosphor etc. all had certain killing effect to insect in the past.But after often using, insect has produced pesticide resistance to these agricultural chemicals, the agricultural chemicals usage amount of farmland unit are constantly increases, the corresponding increase of peasant burden, especially it is to be noted that this class chemical pesticide all has bigger toxicity, medicine remaining quantity after the dispenser is bigger, and people, animal and other animal are worked the mischief.In recent years, be devoted to research, the exploitation of non-poisonous pesticides both at home and abroad and obtained major progress, become strong new army in the agricultural chemicals, but generally speaking the manufacturing process of these agricultural chemicals is all complicated, the investment of equipment needed thereby is huge, and cost is higher.

In recent years Yan Zhi biological insecticides are to use harmless to animals such as people, animal and insecticide pesticide that the pathogenic dead bacterium of insects is made, because it is safe in utilization, so development is quite rapid.At present, the bacterium that is used to make insecticide has: the A of Japanese beetle, Type B emulsus pathogen, the Japanese beetle bacillus, slow dead bacillus, bacillus thuringiensis,Bt and mutation thereof, clostridium, the tent caterpillar bacillus, bacillus cereus, verdigris color utmost point hair bacillus, fluorescent utmost point hair bacillus, the gas bacillus, proteus vulgaris, proteus mirabilis, serratia marcescens etc., wherein come out as commodity and used on a large scale with the biopesticide of bacillus thuringiensis,Bt and mutation manufacturing thereof, it is respond well, expect that biopesticide will be widely used soon, become fresh combatants of prevention and elimination of disease and pests.The biopesticide preparation need not too much equipment and energy consumption, there is not secondary pollution yet, just bacterial culture need consume more cultivation nutrient solution, condition of culture is relatively harsher, so its cost is also enough not low, in addition, germ insecticide is only applicable to the major part of lepidoptera insect, and is not good enough to the insect lethality that vitality such as scale insect are stronger.

The present invention is intended to pass through bacteria domestication, turn out desinsection and render a service the insecticidal bacteria high, that vitality is strong, prepare the high-performance bio insecticide with it, has the natural plants of insecticidal action as bacteria culture media by use simultaneously, produce bacterium natural plants mixed biology insecticide, make and improve desinsection effectiveness, and further reduce cost, also have fertilization effect concurrently.

The present invention realizes described purpose with step by the following method.

1. preparation bacteria domestication agent: get the tuber of stemona, frutus cnidii, black false hellebore, trifoliate jewelvine, polygonum flaccidum, Rhododendron molle, cloves, Dalmatian chrysanthemum, santal, betel nut, viciousness and other any one or a few have an insecticidal action natural plants make pulvis or its to soak the liquid of boiling medicine standby.

2. domestication bacterium: get the bacterium bar that keeps on the nutrient agar, make bacteria suspension, inoculation is soaked in the liquid of boiling medicine with the natural plants hygrometric state pulvis of step 1 preparation or its, cultivates under normal condition and tames.Be advisable to be not less than 500,000,000 thalline/milliliters for guaranteeing the bacterial concentration that bacterium survives preparation, and described natural plants soak boil medicine concentration be not more than 0.2 the gram dried natural plants/milliliter be advisable, during the domestication bacterium, vitality difference because of various bacteriums, preferably adopt at first the rarer domestication agent domestication of concentration, getting the domestication viable bacteria then cultivates in the higher domestication agent of concentration, up to making bacterium adapt to growing environment fully, obtain can be in the high concentration domestication liquid or on natural plant powder the domestication bacterium of normal growth.When the domestication, should in the natural plants domestication liquid, add conventional nutrient solution for the more weak bacterium of vitality,, bacterium is progressively conformed and be tamed by progressively reducing conventional nutrient solution ratio and progressively improving domestication liquid concentration.This domesticating method is suitable for aforesaid such as other bacteriums that worm is caused a disease such as bacillus thuringiensis,Bt and mutation thereof, chafer A, Type B emulsus pathogen, chafer bacillus, slow dead bacillus, tent caterpillar bacillus, the full bacillus of wax sample bud, verdigris color utmost point hair bacillus, fluorescent utmost point hair bacillus, gas bacillus, proteus vulgaris, proteus mirabilis, serratia marcescens, so bacterium is the Mixed Microbes of certain single culture or any several bacteriums.The preserving type of domestication bacterium is: (1) growth has domestication protein of bacteria nutrient solution or agar medium; (2) contain domestication bacterium and natural plants and fry in shallow oil the mixed liquor of immersion liquid, the natural plants that perhaps contains nutritious protein liquid is fried in shallow oil the bacterium liquid of immersion liquid; (3) growth has the natural plant powder of domestication bacterium, perhaps is mixed with the natural plant powder of the growth domestication bacterium of nutrient protein.

3. prepare bacteria culture media (liquid): medium of the present invention (liquid) has following several: (1) conventional albumen culture fluid; (2) have frying in shallow oil that one or more natural plants in the natural plants that desinsection renders a service make through the above-mentioned tuber of stemona of the usefulness of sterilization treatment, frutus cnidii, reed, trifoliate jewelvine, polygonum flaccidum, Rhododendron molle, cloves, Dalmatian chrysanthemum, santal, betel nut, viciousness and other and soak soup or powder; (3) fry in shallow oil immersion liquid or powder through the natural plants that contains salt and nutrient protein agent of sterilization treatment.

4. preparation biological insecticides:

The nutritious protein liquid that the growth that is made by step 2 is had the domestication bacterium, join in the conventional nutritious protein liquid, cultivated 24-48 hour down in normal condition (37 ℃), can obtain bacterial concentration be no less than 20,000,000,000/milliliter, only contain the domestication bacterium and do not contain the biological insecticides of natural plants.

Will by step 2 make contain natural plants and the domestication bacterium bacterium liquid, joining described natural plants fries in shallow oil immersion liquid or contains salt and the natural plants of nutrient protein agent is fried in shallow oil in the preserved material, under normal condition, cultivated 24-48 hour, can obtain concentration be less than for a short time 20,000,000,000/milliliter by the domestication bacterium and contain the liquid mixed biology insecticide of natural plant composition with insecticidal efficacy.In order to make in transportation, it is good with what be no less than 0.2 gram natural plants/milliliter with high concentration that used natural plants is fried in shallow oil immersion liquid.

Contain the bacterium liquid or the natural plant powder of taming bacterium with what step 2 made, with containing of being obtained of step 3 or not the natural plant powder medium of saliferous and nutrient protein mix, under normal condition, cultivated 24-48 hour, and can obtain bacterial population and be no less than the containing of 20,000,000,000/gram or the domestication bacterium-natural plants mixed biology insecticide of the Powdered or pasty state of saliferous and nutrient protein agent not.

The optimum formula that described natural plants is fried in shallow oil immersion liquid or powder is: the tuber of stemona, hairyvein agrimony, Dalmatian chrysanthemum or azedarach, frutus cnidii.

Facts have proved that because natural plants self contains amounts of protein and salt under the condition that does not add conventional nutritious protein liquid, bacterium also can normally breed, preserve, so cost is reduced greatly.Use also proof, have the scale insect that stronger vitality and insecticide and germ insecticide are difficult to kill, can be killed by these biological insecticides of taming the bacterium preparation through the bacterium of taming.Especially be noted that germ insecticide only is applicable to the part of lepidoptera insect, and this mixed biology insecticide can not only kill all lepidoptera insects, and insects such as the budworm that do not belong to the lepidoptera insect, two spotted spider mite also there is killing action, enlarged the desinsection scope of germ insecticide, strengthened desinsection and render a service.

Use proof: when being difficult for by the chemical applied to plants of water infiltration to some stem, leaf, fluid loss is very big, in soup, add some surfactants (as: lauryl amine base sodium sulfonate, lauryl amine base benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt, ethylene glycol or two triols), can strengthen its wellability and adhesive force, thus can be as required adding surfactant in product or when using.

When using this liquid insecticide, answer thin up 200-400 doubly to use the back.When using the powdered form insecticide, preferably it is used behind elimination dregs of a decoction more than 24 hours with immersion under the 400-800 times of hydroecium temperature.

The advantage of these biological insecticides is: cost is low, insecticidal power is strong, the scope of application is wide, avirulence, pollution-free, has the function that promotes the crop biology concurrently through using to observe.

Claims

1, a kind of biological insecticides, wherein contain the decoction that 20,000,000,000/ml is selected from following one or more described natural plants through the bacillus thuringiensis and the dry weight 0.2g/ml of natural plants domestication, and an amount of preservative, described natural plants is selected from: the tuber of stemona, Li Lu, frutus cnidii, trifoliate jewelvine, polygonum flaccidum, Rhododendron molle, cloves, santal, betel nut, Dalmatian chrysanthemum, the root of langdu, hairyvein agrimony, azedarach.

2, claim 1 process for preparing bio-insecticide: it is characterized in that:

(1) preparation natural plants decoction; Get above-mentioned one or more natural plants and add water boil 20-30 minute, cross the leaching supernatant, make natural plants concentration and be not more than the 0.2g(dry weight)/the decoction medium of ml;

(2) domestication bacillus thuringiensis: under normal condition, in above-mentioned decoction medium,, cultivate bacillus thuringiensis, obtain the big domestication strain of breeding amount through repeatedly going down to posterity;

(3) bacterial culture: to be not less than the bacterial concentration of 500,000,000/ml, the Su Yun gold bud bacillus of having tamed is inoculated in the above-mentioned decoction, addition is 2% of a decoction cultivation base unit weight, at 37 ℃, cultivated 24-48 hour, bacteria containing amount reaches 20,000,000,000/ml when above, adds an amount of preservative, promptly obtains described biological insecticides.

3, the purposes of the biological insecticides of claim 1 is characterized in that: with the biological insecticides of claim 1, after 200 times of clear water dilutions, be applied to crops.