CN102845159A - Method for unshelling and extracting seeds of castanopsis hystrix fruits - Google Patents
Method for unshelling and extracting seeds of castanopsis hystrix fruits Download PDFInfo
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- CN102845159A CN102845159A CN2012103464831A CN201210346483A CN102845159A CN 102845159 A CN102845159 A CN 102845159A CN 2012103464831 A CN2012103464831 A CN 2012103464831A CN 201210346483 A CN201210346483 A CN 201210346483A CN 102845159 A CN102845159 A CN 102845159A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for unshelling and extracting seeds of castanopsis hystrix fruits. The method comprises the following steps of: collecting fruits, piling and retting the fruits, unshelling and separating. The method is characterized in that castanopsis hystrix fruits are collected from trees and are placed into bags, drug is sprayed onto the bags, the bags are placed indoor and piled and retted for 4-8 days, after shells of part of fruits are naturally cracked, the fruit unshelling machine designed by the inventor is used for carrying out mechanical unshelling and extracting the seeds, pure castanopsis hystrix seeds are obtained, and large-scale sowing requirement is met. The method disclosed by the invention overcomes the defects of the traditional processing method that fruits with lower maturity are easy to be faded by sunlight and can not be cracked and seed yield is reduced as the fruits are dried for 2-3 days in the sun and the seeds are tapped after involucre is cracked in the traditional processing method; and the method disclosed by the invention also solves the technical problems that firstly dropped seeds are subjected to solarization in the sun and are easy to lose water and crack and germination rate is reduced, quality of the extracted seeds, the seed yield, the germination rate and working efficiency are improved, and advantages are created for rapidly propagating rare trees, thus the method disclosed by the invention has better economic benefit and social benefit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the fruit processing technology field, relate to a kind of red cone fruit shelling and get kind of a method.
Background technology
Red cone (Castanopsis hystrix) is Fagaceae Castanopsis aiphyllium, all there is distribution the south of the provinces such as Guangxi, Guangdong, Hainan, Yunnan, Guizhou and Hunan, Jiangxi, Fujian, the Motuo County in Tibet, the massif area of central distribution below south Guangxi height above sea level 700m.Its growth is very fast, and rudiment power is strong, is thick with leaves, more anti-concealment, and mixing natural disposition can be good, for selecting seeds on the mixed friendship afforestation of knob, south China and pine, China fir or other broad-leaved trees.Red cone material is good, the hard corrosion resistant of timber, and heartwood is large, maroon, the sapwood pale red, color and luster and beautiful texture, few distortion, dry rear cracking is little, tangent plane is smooth, and gumminess and paint are functional, are the high-quality materials such as noble furniture, shipbuilding, vehicle, technique engraving, construction and decoration; Branch, flaw-piece, broken material, wood shavings etc. are the good materials of staple fibre, paper pulp, fiber board, particle board etc., also are the quality raw materials of cultivating edible mushroom; Bark and acorn-cup contain tannin 10～15%, can make the tannin extract raw material, are the good precious indigenous tree speciess of the present spread afforestation in Guangxi.
The forest-science academy, Guangxi has carried out years of researches to red cone, is tested to the fine-variety breeding high-yield cultivation technique from the provenance zone, assert Fine Variety Base Construction from fine provenance, during the red cone seed of multi collect.1. the method that gathers at present red cone seed has sets the lower berth shield in red cone nut, and by beaing or shaking planting and collect, the method is harder, and the grain weight of collecting is limited; 2. ground is collected nature and is fallen seed under the woods, and the method is laborsaving, but the seed that obtains is mostly damaged by worms or gone mouldy; 3. gather the fruit that the little Huang of shell not yet ftractures or slightly ftractures from the adult elite stand of red cone, get kind by artificial shelling, the gained grain weight is large, and germination rate is high, is the red cone kind of collection submethod best when carrying out the elite germplasm selection in the genetic breeding.But red cone seed is outer by the shell of tool deer horn shape thorn, after returning, fruit collection need treatedly can get pure seed, traditional processing method is fruit to be put shone under the daylight 2～3 days, behind the involucre cracking, tap seed, the method is easy to crack for the high fruit of maturity, and the low fruit of maturity is easily listless by sun, can not ftracture, getting the seed rate reduces, the seed that comes off first is because by exposure in sunshine, easily dehydration is ftractureed, and germination rate reduces, shell through exposure in sunshine becomes clear-cut, beat rear frangiblely, mix with seed, seed collection is very inconvenient.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is the pin prior art and red cone fruit is got the deficiency of kind of processing, aim to provide a kind of red cone fruit shelling and get kind of a method.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
Kind of a method is got in a kind of red cone fruit shelling, comprise kind of the reality of gathering, plant real stack retting, mechanical dejacketing and separation circuit, it is waited to levy and is: will be from setting the red cone fruit of the upper collection sack of packing into, spraying agent, indoor stack retting makes fruit maturation consistent, behind part fruit shell natural cracking, obtain red cone pure seed with the further shelling of fruit hulling machine with separating, its treatment step is as follows:
(1) kind of the reality of gathering: the red cone fruit of gathering in the tree is contained in the sack;
(2) plant the crucial point reason: will fill the sack surface sprinkling medicament of fruit, and be placed on indoor stack retting, and behind part fruit shell natural cracking, enter subsequent processing;
(3) mechanical dejacketing: the fruit of the indoor stack retting in footpath is poured into the shelling of fruit hulling machine;
(4) seed treatment: collect the seed that has shelled, get final product with the clear water immersion, remove bad seed, obtain red cone pure seed.
Above-described kind of the reality of gathering is to gather the fruit that the little Huang of shell not yet ftractures or slightly ftractures in annual early November to mid-December from the adult elite stand of red cone, pack into cloth bag or the gunnysack of the length * wide 30～60cm of being * 50～100cm, whenever be installed on 4/5～3/4 place, tightening near the sack place with rope.
Above-described indoor stack retting be with each sack surface sprinkling medicament that kind of reality is housed to moistening, be placed on and indoorly pile long 1～3 meter, wide 1～3 meter, high 0.5～1.2 meter rickle covers with plastic film, compacting was all around removed plastic film after 4～8 days.
Above-described medicament is the mixed aqueous solution that contains weight concentration 0.05%～0.15% ethephon (weight concentration 40% aqua) and weight concentration 0.3%～0.8% potassium permanganate.
Above-described mechanical dejacketing is that the fruit of indoor stack retting part shell natural cracking is poured in the special-purpose fruit hulling machine, and under the strike of striking bar, seed vibrating comes off; Uncracked fruit is then through seed shelling under the effect of the pushing of fruit hulling machine agitator and striking bar; Seed falls into screening slot naturally in mechanical oscillation to be separated.
The above seed treatment is the seed that screening slot is collected, and puts into drum and soaks 1 day with clear water, removes the impurity of keeping afloat and the damaged and low seed of maturity and obtains red cone pure seed, for sowing on a large scale.
The present invention has the following advantages with respect to existing technology:
1, kind of a method is got in a kind of red cone fruit shelling of the present invention, gathers when the little Huang of fruit not yet ftractures or slightly ftractures, and is damaged by worms after avoiding seed to land and goes mouldy, and the gained seed quality is good, and germination rate is high.
2, kind of a method is got in a kind of red cone fruit shelling of the present invention, and fruit can promote fruit maturation one to make peace and prevent that fruit from going mouldy through spraying ethephon, liquor potassic permanganate and stack retting.
3, kind of a method is got in a kind of red cone fruit shelling of the present invention, method by moistening stack retting makes part fruit shell natural cracking, further processes with special-purpose fruit hulling machine, so that the fruit shell that shell can not natural cracking cracking again, seed shedding out reaches the purpose of isolating seed.Overcome traditional processing method and fruit is put shone under the daylight 2～3 days, behind the involucre cracking, tapped seed, and the low fruit of maturity is easily listless by sun, can not ftracture, and reduces to get the seed rate; Simultaneously since the seed that comes off first by exposure in sunshine, easy dehydration cracking, the technical problem that germination rate reduces, and avoided collecting kind of a period of the day from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m palm and injured by the thorn on the shell.
4, kind of a method is got in a kind of red cone fruit shelling of the present invention, improved the quality of extracting seed, seed rate, germination rate and operating efficiency, satisfy extensive sowing and use, for the Fast-propagation rare tree creates favorable conditions, have preferably economic benefit and social benefit.
Embodiment
By specific embodiment given below, can further be well understood to the present invention, but they not limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1
November 16 in 2011 grew up that elite stand gathers that the little Huang of shell not yet ftractures or the slight fruit of cracking from red cone, pack into long * widely be the cloth bag of 30cm * 50cm, fruit installs to sack 4/5 place, is tightening at close sack place with rope.Mixed aqueous solution toward each sack surface sprinkling weight concentration 0.05% ethephon (weight concentration 40% aqua)+weight concentration 0.3% potassium permanganate is extremely moistening, the sack that is filling the fruit spraying agent is in layer stacked indoor, pile long 1.5 meters, wide 1.5 meters, high 0.5 meter rickle, cover with plastic film, compacting all around, remove plastic film after 8 days, one bag of one bag of ground is poured fruit in the special-purpose fruit hulling machine into, and mechanical dejacketing is that the fruit of indoor stack retting part shell natural cracking is poured in the special-purpose fruit hulling machine, starts power supply, under the striking bar of agitator was hit, seed vibrating came off; Uncracked fruit is then through seed shelling under the effect of the pushing of fruit hulling machine agitator and striking bar; Seed falls into screening slot naturally in mechanical oscillation to be separated.The seed of collecting is put into drum and was soaked 1 day with clear water, removes the impurity of keeping afloat and breakage and the low seed of maturity and obtains red cone pure seed, and getting the seed rate is 20%.Red cone pure seed adopts the conventional method sowing, and percentage of seedgermination is 82%.
Embodiment 2
On November 28th, 2011 grew up that elite stand gathers that the little Huang of shell not yet ftractures or the slight fruit of cracking from red cone, pack into long * widely be the cloth bag of 50cm * 80cm, fruit installs to sack 4/5 place, is tightening at close sack place with rope.Mixed aqueous solution toward each sack surface sprinkling weight concentration 0.1% ethephon (weight concentration 40% aqua)+weight concentration 0.5% potassium permanganate is extremely moistening, the sack that is filling the fruit spraying agent is in layer stacked indoor, pile long 2 meters, wide 2 meters, high 0.8 meter rickle, cover with plastic film, compacting all around, remove plastic film after 4 days, one bag of one bag of ground is poured fruit in the special-purpose fruit hulling machine into, and mechanical dejacketing is that the fruit of indoor stack retting part shell natural cracking is poured in the special-purpose fruit hulling machine, starts power supply, under the striking bar of agitator was hit, seed vibrating came off; Uncracked fruit is then through seed shelling under the effect of the pushing of fruit hulling machine agitator and striking bar; Seed falls into screening slot naturally in mechanical oscillation to be separated.The seed of collecting is put into drum and was soaked 1 day with clear water, removes the impurity of keeping afloat and breakage and the low seed of maturity and obtains red cone pure seed, and getting the seed rate is 22%.Red cone pure seed adopts the conventional method sowing, and percentage of seedgermination is 78%.
Embodiment 3
On December 12nd, 2011 grew up that elite stand gathers that the little Huang of shell not yet ftractures or the slight fruit of cracking from red cone, pack into long * widely be the gunnysack of 60cm * 100cm, fruit installs to sack 3/4 place, is tightening at close sack place with rope.Mixed aqueous solution toward each sack surface sprinkling weight concentration 0.15% ethephon (weight concentration 40% aqua)+weight concentration 0.8% potassium permanganate is extremely moistening, the sack that is filling the fruit spraying agent is in layer stacked indoor, pile long 3 meters, wide 3 meters, high 1.2 meters rickle, cover with plastic film, compacting all around, remove plastic film after 6 days, one bag of one bag of ground is poured fruit in the special-purpose fruit hulling machine into, and mechanical dejacketing is that the fruit of indoor stack retting part shell natural cracking is poured in the special-purpose fruit hulling machine, starts power supply, under the striking bar of agitator was hit, seed vibrating came off; Uncracked fruit is then through seed shelling under the effect of the pushing of fruit hulling machine agitator and striking bar; Seed falls into screening slot naturally in mechanical oscillation to be separated.The seed of collecting is put into drum and was soaked 1 day with clear water, removes the impurity of keeping afloat and breakage and the low seed of maturity and obtains red cone pure seed, and getting the seed rate is 23%.Red cone pure seed adopts the conventional method sowing, and percentage of seedgermination is 83%.
Claims (6)
1. kind of a method is got in a red cone fruit shelling, comprise kind of the reality of gathering, plant real stack retting, mechanical dejacketing and separation circuit, it is waited to levy and is: will be from setting the red cone fruit of the upper collection sack of packing into, spraying agent, indoor stack retting, behind part fruit shell natural cracking, obtain red cone pure seed with the further shelling of fruit hulling machine with separating, its treatment step is as follows:
(1) kind of the reality of gathering: the red cone fruit of gathering in the tree is contained in the sack;
(2) plant the crucial point reason: will fill the sack surface sprinkling medicament of fruit, and be placed on indoor stack retting, and behind part fruit shell natural cracking, enter subsequent processing;
(3) mechanical dejacketing: the fruit of the indoor stack retting in footpath is poured into the shelling of fruit hulling machine;
(4) seed treatment: collect the seed that has shelled, get final product with the clear water immersion, remove bad seed, obtain red cone pure seed.
2. kind of a method is got in a kind of red cone fruit shelling claimed in claim 1 of root a tree name, it is characterized in that: described kind of the reality of gathering is to gather the fruit that the little Huang of shell not yet ftractures or slightly ftractures in annual early November to mid-December from the adult elite stand of red cone, pack into cloth bag or the gunnysack of the length * wide 30～60cm of being * 50～100cm, whenever be installed on 4/5～3/4 place, tightening near the sack place with rope.
3. kind of a method is got in a kind of red cone fruit shelling claimed in claim 1 of root a tree name, it is characterized in that: described indoor stack retting is that each is equipped with the sack surface sprinkling medicament of kind of reality to moistening, be placed on indoor 1～3 meter of the length that piles, wide 1～3 meter, high 0.5～1.2 meter rickle, cover with plastic film, compacting was all around removed plastic film after 4～8 days.
4. kind of a method is got in root a tree name claim 1 or 3 described a kind of red cone fruit shellings, and it is characterized in that: described medicament is the mixed aqueous solution that contains weight concentration 0.05%～0.15% ethephon (weight concentration 40% aqua) and weight concentration 0.3%～0.8% liquor potassic permanganate.
5. kind of a method is got in a kind of red cone fruit shelling claimed in claim 1 of root a tree name, and it is characterized in that: described mechanical dejacketing is that the fruit of indoor stack retting part shell natural cracking is poured in the special-purpose fruit hulling machine, and under the strike of striking bar, seed vibrating comes off; Uncracked fruit is then through seed shelling under the effect of the pushing of fruit hulling machine agitator and striking bar; Seed falls into screening slot naturally in mechanical oscillation, further cleans through water and obtains red cone pure seed.
6. kind of a method is got in a kind of red cone fruit shelling claimed in claim 1 of root a tree name, it is characterized in that: described seed treatment is the seed that screening slot is collected, put into drum and soaked 1 day with clear water, remove the impurity of keeping afloat and the damaged and low seed of maturity and obtain red cone pure seed for sowing on a large scale.
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| CN2012103464831A CN102845159B (en) | 2012-09-18 | 2012-09-18 | Method for unshelling and extracting seeds of castanopsis hystrix fruits |
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| CN2012103464831A CN102845159B (en) | 2012-09-18 | 2012-09-18 | Method for unshelling and extracting seeds of castanopsis hystrix fruits |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103757119A (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2014-04-30 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | PCR (polymerase chain reaction) detection method and primer pair for quickly identifying Castanopsis hystrix |
| CN104137711A (en) * | 2014-08-05 | 2014-11-12 | 甘肃省治沙研究所 | Method for collecting and screening wild lycium ruthenicum seeds |
| CN106561107A (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2017-04-19 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Treatment method for cones of keteleeria cyclolepis |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR20090096038A (en) * | 2008-03-07 | 2009-09-10 | 충북대학교 산학협력단 | Preparation Method for Sawdust Media for Culturing Lentinula edodes Comprising the Steps of Anaerobic Fermentation and Pasteurization and Culturing Method for Lentinula edodes Using the Same Media |
| CN102028297A (en) * | 2010-08-05 | 2011-04-27 | 福建省建瓯市青然食品有限公司 | Processing method for shelling castanea henryi |
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- 2012-09-18 CN CN2012103464831A patent/CN102845159B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20090096038A (en) * | 2008-03-07 | 2009-09-10 | 충북대학교 산학협력단 | Preparation Method for Sawdust Media for Culturing Lentinula edodes Comprising the Steps of Anaerobic Fermentation and Pasteurization and Culturing Method for Lentinula edodes Using the Same Media |
| CN102028297A (en) * | 2010-08-05 | 2011-04-27 | 福建省建瓯市青然食品有限公司 | Processing method for shelling castanea henryi |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 杨其光 等: "乙烯利在板栗催熟和贮藏中的效用", 《植物生理学通讯》, vol. 28, no. 5, 31 May 1992 (1992-05-31), pages 334 - 336 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103757119A (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2014-04-30 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | PCR (polymerase chain reaction) detection method and primer pair for quickly identifying Castanopsis hystrix |
| CN103757119B (en) * | 2014-01-22 | 2017-01-11 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | PCR (polymerase chain reaction) detection method and primer pair for quickly identifying Castanopsis hystrix |
| CN104137711A (en) * | 2014-08-05 | 2014-11-12 | 甘肃省治沙研究所 | Method for collecting and screening wild lycium ruthenicum seeds |
| CN106561107A (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2017-04-19 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Treatment method for cones of keteleeria cyclolepis |
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| CN102845159B (en) | 2013-11-13 |
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