CN102841059A - Solar angle correction-based plant canopy information spectrum detection instrument and method - Google Patents
Solar angle correction-based plant canopy information spectrum detection instrument and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102841059A CN102841059A CN2012103201412A CN201210320141A CN102841059A CN 102841059 A CN102841059 A CN 102841059A CN 2012103201412 A CN2012103201412 A CN 2012103201412A CN 201210320141 A CN201210320141 A CN 201210320141A CN 102841059 A CN102841059 A CN 102841059A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a solar angle correction-based plant canopy information spectrum detection instrument, which comprises a probe and a data processing unit and is provided with a solar incident angle detection device, wherein signal output ends of the probe and the solar incident angle detection device are connected with the data processing unit. The invention also discloses a solar angle correction-based plant canopy information spectrum detection method. The solar angle correction-based plant canopy information spectrum detection instrument is high in detection accuracy and high in environmental adaptation capacity. According to the solar angle correction-based plant canopy information spectrum detection method, the influence of a solar angle on a detection result is overcome, the convenience is brought for operation, and the detection accuracy can be greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the Plant Nutrient Monitoring field, relate in particular to a kind of plant canopy information spectral detection instrument and method based on the solar angle correction.
Background technology
The Non-Destructive Testing of plant leaf blade physical signs is meant that mainly it can be used for detecting in real time growth and development of plant and health status, analysis moisture and fertility state to the mensuration of chlorophyll, nitrogen, moisture etc.; Through detecting, the supply situation that not only can accurately regulate fertilizer and water realizes accurately fertilising; Save resource, reduce environmental pollution, and can the scientific guidance cultivation work; Grow with good so that can ensure the cultivated plant healthy growth, improve crop yield.
The method of blade Non-Destructive Testing at present has image method and spectroscopic methodology.Image mainly is some the static or dynamic characteristics of image of plant leaf blade that relies on machine vision method to obtain; And the physiological characteristic of these characteristics of image and plant leaf blade (like vegetation index, water-intake rate etc.) has confidential relation; Through setting up relation between the two, vegetation growth state is detected.This method needs very complicated hardware system, can not accomplish to be convenient for carrying, and most importantly detectable parameter is fewer, and the ratio of precision of model is lower, therefore uses to such an extent that be not very extensive at present.
The mensuration of utilizing the plant canopy spectral information to carry out nutrient content is to use more a kind of spectral method of detection at present.The plant canopy spectral signature is the comprehensive of plant spectral characteristic and background soil spectral characteristic, and along with the growth of plant canopy, the effect of soil spectral characteristic descends gradually, and when plant senescence, the effect of Soil Background increases again gradually.When general leaf area index (LAI) reached 3 left and right sides, canopy was basicly stable at the spectral reflectivity of visible light and middle-infrared band, and at near-infrared band, LAI reaches 5～6 o'clock spectral reflectivities could be saturated.Because the plant nutrient situation can have influence on leaf area, canopy form, inherent physiological characteristic, and the influence degree of Different Nutrient Elements also differs, and therefore, utilizes the canopy spectra analysis can the diagnosis of plant nutrition condition.
At present, nitrogen nutrition to the research of canopy spectra properties influence the most system with deeply.Along with the raising of nitrogen nutrition level, spectral reflectivity reduces at visible light and middle-infrared band, and increases at near-infrared band.Canopy spectra reflectivity under the different nitrogen trophic level exists notable difference, and difference is more remarkable and stable after the vegetation index conversion, utilizes the canopy spectra test can distinguish the nitrogen nutrition level of crop.
Plant canopy information spectrum detection instrument is a kind of instrument of plant nutrient content being measured based on the plant canopy spectral information, during mensuration with sunshine as light source.Because among one day, sun present position is different, solar incident angle also constantly changes thereupon.In the existing plant canopy information spectrum detection instrument, probe positions immobilizes, and the variation of the solar incident angle sunshine reflected signal that collects that can cause popping one's head in is strong and weak different, and then influences the testing result of nutrient contents such as nitrogen and chlorophyll.When solar incident angle was zero, measuring error was minimum; When solar incident angle greater than zero the time, it is big that measuring error becomes, solar incident angle is big more, measuring error is big more.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of plant canopy information spectrum detection instrument, solved the big problem of plant canopy information spectrum detection instrument measuring error based on the solar angle correction.
A kind of plant canopy information spectral detection instrument based on the solar angle correction comprises probe and data processing unit, is provided with solar incident angle degree pick-up unit, and the signal output part of said probe and solar incident angle degree pick-up unit all inserts data processing unit.
The principle of work of said plant canopy information spectral detection instrument based on the solar angle correction is: obtain the solar incident angle degree through solar incident angle degree pick-up unit; Utilize original detection model in the plant canopy information spectrum detection instrument to obtain the detected value of plant nitrogen and chlorophyll content; Said detected value after the correction of solar incident angle degree, obtains revised detected value as output in data processing unit.Can eliminate the influence of solar incident angle based on the plant canopy information spectral detection instrument of solar angle correction, thereby improve the accuracy that detects data the detection data.
Said solar incident angle degree pick-up unit is preferably several optical sensors that rounded dot matrix distributes; Its principle of measuring solar incident angle is specific as follows:
The optical sensor that rounded dot matrix distributes, the sunshine light intensity in the time of can responding to different incidence angles; In the circular dot matrix, the induction light intensity that the optical sensor that solar irradiation is mapped to obtains is stronger, and the induction light intensity that the optical sensor at all the other positions (being in the shadow region) obtains a little less than.
When solar incident angle not simultaneously, the position of accepting solar light irradiation in the dot matrix is different; Solar incident angle is more little, and the induction light intensity of lattice optics sensor is big more, otherwise then opposite; When solar incident angle was 0 °, the induction light intensity of lattice optics sensor was maximum.Said lattice optics sensor is meant optical sensors all in the dot matrix, down together.
The induction light intensity of lattice optics sensor, only relevant with the incident angle of sunshine, and irrelevant with incident direction; For different sun incident directions, though it is different to accept the position of illumination in the dot matrix, as long as the solar incident angle degree is identical, then the induction light intensity of lattice optics sensor is identical.Therefore, the induction light intensity according to the lattice optics sensor can obtain the solar incident angle degree.
Said probe has the housing of bottom surface band path channels, and said optical sensor is installed in the end face of probe; Probe can be used for emission and gathers light signal, and the end face that optical sensor is installed in probe is convenient to obtaining of solar incident angle degree.Said probe is connected with data processing unit through data line, and the data-interface of said data line on probe is positioned at the probe sidewall, to avoid the interference of end face and to block.
In order to record solar incident angle more accurately, 20～100 of the unit numbers of said photosensor arrays.
In order to protect the lattice optics sensor to avoid the influence of external environment, said optical sensor top is covered with light-passing board; Light-passing board seals optical sensor.
The present invention also provides a kind of plant canopy information spectral method of detection based on the solar angle correction, and it is bigger to plant canopy information spectral method of detection influence to have solved solar angle, causes chlorophyll, problem that the nitrogen measuring accuracy is lower.
A kind of plant canopy information spectral method of detection based on the solar angle correction may further comprise the steps:
(1) obtains the solar incident angle degree;
(2) utilize plant canopy information spectrum detection instrument to obtain the chlorophyll detected value of standard verification sample, said standard verification sample is meant the sample that the SPAD value is evenly distributed and averages; According to the sample correction model, obtain correction coefficient; Said sample correction model is:
Wherein, y
S0Be the chlorophyll SPAD value of standard verification sample, y
V0The chlorophyll SPAD value of the standard verification sample that records for plant canopy information spectrum detection instrument, θ is the solar incident angle degree, K is a correction coefficient;
(3) utilize plant canopy information spectrum detection instrument to obtain the actual detected value of treating measuring plants; Said actual detected value is nitrogen or chlorophyll actual detected value;
(4) based on formula y
s=K θ y
v, according to the solar incident angle degree that obtains, sample correction coefficient and treat the actual detected value of measuring plants, obtain the revised detected value of solar angle; Wherein, y
sBe the revised detected value of solar angle, y
vBe the actual detected value of plant canopy information spectrum detection instrument, K is a correction coefficient, and θ is the solar incident angle degree.
Step (3) also can place step (1) or (2) before.
Solar incident angle is meant the angle between direct sunlight line and the wall normal.In the prior art, the method for obtaining the solar incident angle degree is more, like shadow length method etc.
In order to realize quick, the accurately measurement of solar incident angle degree, the optical sensor that preferably utilizes rounded dot matrix to distribute obtains the solar incident angle degree; Concrete grammar is following: the optical sensor that utilizes rounded dot matrix to distribute obtains sunshine induction light intensity, photosensor arrays is responded to light intensity be converted into voltage, based on formula
Obtain solar incident angle; Wherein, θ is the solar incident angle degree, and the θ value is not 0; U
mBe magnitude of voltage; U
MaxBe that the θ value is 0 o'clock, transform the magnitude of voltage that obtains.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) the plant canopy information spectrum detection instrument based on the solar angle correction of the present invention only needs on the basis of original instrument, to install solar incident angle degree pick-up unit; Can realize correction to solar angle; Overcome the influence of solar angle to the instrument detecting result, accuracy of detection is high;
(2) of the present invention stronger based on the revised plant canopy information of solar angle spectrum detection instrument adaptive capacity to environment, the scope of application is wider;
(3) the plant canopy information spectral method of detection based on the solar angle correction provided by the invention is easy, reliable, through the correction to solar angle, can improve the accuracy of detection of plant canopy information spectral method of detection to chlorophyll, nitrogen.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1～10
A kind of plant canopy information spectral detection instrument based on the solar angle correction; Comprise probe and data processing unit; The probe top is provided with 50 unit optical sensors that rounded dot matrix distributes; The optical sensor top is covered with light-passing board, and the signal output part of probe and solar incident angle degree pick-up unit all inserts data processing unit.It is following to the concrete steps that plant chlorophyll detects to use instrument:
At first, the optical sensor that utilizes the rounded dot matrix in probe top to distribute obtains solar incident angle degree θ.Simultaneously, the probe emission spectrum is to treating measuring plants, and gathers reflectance spectrum, obtains the chlorophyll actual detected value y that treats measuring plants
v
Secondly, solar incident angle degree θ that the data processing unit basis is obtained and the sample correction COEFFICIENT K of passing through standard verification sample acquiring are to the chlorophyll actual detected value y of said plant canopy information spectrum detection instrument
vRevise, obtain the revised chlorophyll detected value of solar angle y
s
For the better performance of comparative descriptions instrument of the present invention, the chlorophyll content that utilizes the SPAD502 high precision appearance of plant canopy information spectral detection instrument (Finland CROP SCAN appearance) and Japanese Minolta company production to treat measuring plants simultaneously detects.
Under different sun incident conditions, utilize three kinds of instruments to carry out test of many times respectively to the different measuring plants of treating, the data that obtain are as shown in table 1.Table 1 has been enumerated the test figure of 10 embodiment under 10 kinds of different solar incident angle conditions respectively.
Table 1 embodiment data table related
| The embodiment sequence number | θ | y 0 | y s | y |
| 1 | 12 | 32.4 | 34.9 | 35.5 |
| 2 | 15 | 31.7 | 35.4 | 35.5 |
| 3 | 21 | 30.2 | 35.2 | 35.5 |
| 4 | 24 | 28.2 | 36.1 | 35.5 |
| 5 | 30 | 27.5 | 35.2 | 35.5 |
| 6 | 35 | 25.6 | 34.5 | 35.5 |
| 7 | 37 | 24.1 | 35.7 | 35.5 |
| 8 | 45 | 22.7 | 35.1 | 35.5 |
| 9 | 56 | 20.4 | 36.4 | 35.5 |
| 10 | 70 | 19.7 | 35.8 | 35.5 |
Annotate: above y
0, y
sBe chlorophyll SPAD value with y, wherein, y
0The SPAD value that plant canopy information spectral detection instrument obtains, y
sBe the SPAD value that the plant canopy information spectral detection instrument based on the solar angle correction obtains, y is the SPAD502 high precision apparatus measuring value that Japanese Minolta company produces.
Claims (8)
1. plant canopy information spectral detection instrument based on the solar angle correction; Comprise probe and data processing unit; It is characterized in that, be provided with solar incident angle degree pick-up unit, the signal output part of said probe and solar incident angle degree pick-up unit all inserts data processing unit.
2. the plant canopy information spectral detection instrument based on the solar angle correction as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, said solar incident angle degree pick-up unit is several optical sensors that rounded dot matrix distributes.
3. the plant canopy information spectral detection instrument based on the solar angle correction as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that said probe has the housing of bottom surface band path channels, and said optical sensor is installed in the end face of probe.
4. the plant canopy information spectral detection instrument based on the solar angle correction as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that said probe is connected with data processing unit through data line, and the data-interface of said data line on probe is positioned at the probe sidewall.
5. the plant canopy information spectral detection instrument based on the solar angle correction as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the number of said optic sensor array unit is 20～100.
6. the plant canopy information spectral detection instrument based on the solar angle correction as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, said optical sensor top is covered with light-passing board.
7. the plant canopy information spectral method of detection based on the solar angle correction is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) obtains the solar incident angle degree;
(2) utilize plant canopy information spectrum detection instrument to obtain the chlorophyll detected value of standard verification sample, said standard verification sample is meant that the SPAD value is evenly distributed and is the sample of a fixed value; According to the sample correction model, obtain correction coefficient, said sample correction model is:
Wherein, y
S0Be the chlorophyll SPAD value of standard verification sample, y
V0The chlorophyll SPAD value of the standard verification sample that records for plant canopy information spectrum detection instrument, θ is the solar incident angle degree, K is a correction coefficient;
(3) utilize plant canopy information spectrum detection instrument to obtain the actual detected value of treating measuring plants; Said actual detected value is nitrogen or chlorophyll actual detected value;
(4) based on formula y
s=K θ y
v, according to the solar incident angle degree that obtains, sample correction coefficient and treat the actual detected value of measuring plants, obtain the revised detected value of solar angle; Wherein, y
sBe the revised detected value of solar angle, y
vBe the actual detected value of plant canopy information spectrum detection instrument, K is a correction coefficient, and θ is the solar incident angle degree.
8. the plant canopy information spectral method of detection based on the solar angle correction as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, in the step (1), the optical sensor that utilizes rounded dot matrix to distribute obtains the solar incident angle degree; Concrete grammar is following: the optical sensor that utilizes rounded dot matrix to distribute obtains sunshine induction light intensity, photosensor arrays is responded to light intensity be converted into voltage, based on formula
Obtain solar incident angle; Wherein, θ is the solar incident angle degree, and the θ value is not 0; U
mBe magnitude of voltage; U
MaxBe that the θ value is 0 o'clock, transform the magnitude of voltage that obtains.
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| CN105158171A (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2015-12-16 | 南京农业大学 | Spectral calibration method for crop nitrogen sensor |
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