CN102841059B - Solar angle correction-based plant canopy information spectrum detection instrument and method - Google Patents
Solar angle correction-based plant canopy information spectrum detection instrument and method Download PDFInfo
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- 235000019804 chlorophyll Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
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Abstract
The invention discloses a solar angle correction-based plant canopy information spectrum detection instrument, which comprises a probe and a data processing unit and is provided with a solar incident angle detection device, wherein signal output ends of the probe and the solar incident angle detection device are connected with the data processing unit. The invention also discloses a solar angle correction-based plant canopy information spectrum detection method. The solar angle correction-based plant canopy information spectrum detection instrument is high in detection accuracy and high in environmental adaptation capacity. According to the solar angle correction-based plant canopy information spectrum detection method, the influence of a solar angle on a detection result is overcome, the convenience is brought for operation, and the detection accuracy can be greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Plant Nutrient Monitoring field, particularly relate to a kind of plant canopy informative spectral detecting instrument based on solar angle correction and method.
Background technology
The Non-Destructive Testing of plant leaf blade physical signs mainly refers to the mensuration to chlorophyll, nitrogen, moisture etc., it may be used for detecting growing and health status of plant in real time, analysis moisture and fertility state, by detecting, not only can the supply situation of fine adjustment fertilizer and water, realize precision fertilizing, saving resource, reduces environmental pollution, and can scientific guidance cultivation work, cultivated plant healthy growth and good growth can be ensured, improve crop yield.
The method of current blade Non-Destructive Testing has image method and spectroscopic methodology.Some static or dynamic characteristics of image of the plant leaf blade that image mainly relies on machine vision method to obtain, and the physiological characteristic of these characteristics of image and plant leaf blade (as vegetation index, water-intake rate etc.) has close relationship, by setting up relation between the two, vegetation growth state is detected.This method needs very complicated hardware system, and can not accomplish to be convenient for carrying, most importantly detectable parameter is fewer, and the precision comparison of model is low, therefore applies be not very extensive at present.
The mensuration utilizing plant canopy spectral information to carry out nutrient content is a kind of spectral method of detection that application is more at present.Plant canopy spectral signature is the comprehensive of Foliage spectroscopy characteristics and Soil Background spectral characteristic, and along with the growth of plant canopy, the effect of Soil spectroscopy characteristics declines gradually, and when plant senescence, the effect of Soil Background increases again gradually.When general leaf area index (LAI) reaches about 3, canopy is basicly stable at the spectral reflectivity of visible ray and middle-infrared band, and at near-infrared band, and when LAI reaches 5 ~ 6, spectral reflectivity could be saturated.Because plant nutrient situation can have influence on leaf area, canopy form, inherent physiological characteristic, and the influence degree of Different Nutrient Elements also differs, and therefore, utilizes canopy spectra analysis can diagnosis of plant nutrition condition.
At present, nitrogen nutrition is to the research of canopy spectra properties influence system and deeply the most.Along with the raising of Nitrogen Nutrition, spectral reflectivity reduces at visible ray and middle-infrared band, and increases at near-infrared band.Canopy spectra reflectivity under different nitrogen trophic level also exists notable difference, and after vegetation index conversion, difference is more remarkable and stable, utilizes canopy spectra to test the Nitrogen Nutrition can distinguishing crop.
Plant canopy informative spectral detector is a kind of instrument measured plant nutrient content based on plant canopy spectral information, using sunshine as light source during mensuration.Among one day, sun present position is different, and solar incident angle also constantly changes thereupon.In existing plant canopy informative spectral detector, probe positions immobilizes, and the sunshine reflected signal that the change of solar incident angle can cause probe acquires to arrive is strong and weak different, and then affects the testing result of the nutrient content such as nitrogen and chlorophyll.When solar incident angle is zero, measuring error is minimum; When solar incident angle is greater than zero, measuring error becomes large, and solar incident angle is larger, and measuring error is larger.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of plant canopy informative spectral detector based on solar angle correction, solve the problem that plant canopy informative spectral detector measuring error is large.
Based on a plant canopy informative spectral detecting instrument for solar angle correction, comprise probe and data processing unit, be provided with solar incident angle degree pick-up unit, the equal access data processing unit of signal output part of described probe and solar incident angle degree pick-up unit.
The principle of work of the described plant canopy informative spectral detecting instrument based on solar angle correction is: obtain solar incident angle degree by solar incident angle degree pick-up unit; The original detection model in plant canopy informative spectral detector is utilized to obtain the detected value of plant nitrogen and chlorophyll content; Described detected value after the correction of solar incident angle degree, obtains revised detected value as output in data processing unit.Plant canopy informative spectral detecting instrument based on solar angle correction can eliminate solar incident angle to the impact detecting data, thus improves the accuracy detecting data.
Described solar incident angle degree pick-up unit is preferably several optical sensors of rounded dot matrix distribution; Its principle measuring solar incident angle is specific as follows:
The optical sensor of rounded dot matrix distribution, can respond to sunshine light intensity during different incidence angles; In circular dot matrix, the induction light intensity that the optical sensor that solar irradiation is mapped to obtains is comparatively strong, and the induction light intensity that the optical sensor at all the other positions (being in shadow region) obtains is more weak.
When solar incident angle is different, the position accepting sunlight in dot matrix is different; Solar incident angle is less, and the induction light intensity of lattice optics sensor is larger, otherwise then contrary; When solar incident angle is 0 °, the induction light intensity of lattice optics sensor is maximum.Described lattice optics sensor refers to optical sensors all in dot matrix, lower same.
The induction light intensity of lattice optics sensor, only relevant with the incident angle of sunshine, and have nothing to do with incident direction; For different sun incident directions, although the position accepting illumination in dot matrix is different, as long as solar incident angle degree is identical, then the induction light intensity of lattice optics sensor is identical.Therefore, according to the induction light intensity of lattice optics sensor, solar incident angle degree can be obtained.
Described probe has the housing of bottom surface band path channels, and described optical sensor is arranged on the end face of probe; Probe can be used for launching and gathers light signal, and the end face that optical sensor is arranged on probe is convenient to the acquisition of solar incident angle degree.Described probe is connected with data processing unit through data line, and the data-interface of described data line on probe is positioned at probe sidewall, to avoid the interference of end face and to block.
In order to record solar incident angle more accurately, the unit number of described photosensor arrays 20 ~ 100.
In order to protect lattice optics sensor from the impact of external environment, above described optical sensor, be covered with light-passing board; Optical sensor seals by light-passing board.
Present invention also offers a kind of plant canopy informative spectral detection method based on solar angle correction, solve solar angle comparatively large on the impact of plant canopy informative spectral detection method, cause chlorophyll, problem that nitrogen measuring accuracy is lower.
Based on a plant canopy informative spectral detection method for solar angle correction, comprise the following steps:
(1) solar incident angle degree is obtained;
(2) utilize plant canopy informative spectral detector to obtain the chlorophyll detected value of criteria check sample, described criteria check sample refers to that SPAD Distribution value evenly and the sample of averaging; According to sample correction model, obtain correction coefficient; Described sample correction model is:
Wherein, y
s0for the Chlorophyll SPAD Reading of criteria check sample, y
v0for the Chlorophyll SPAD Reading of the criteria check sample that plant canopy informative spectral detector records, θ is solar incident angle degree, and K is correction coefficient;
(3) plant canopy informative spectral detector is utilized to obtain the actual detected value treating measuring plants; Described actual detected value is nitrogen or the actual detected value of chlorophyll;
(4) based on formula y
s=K θ y
v, according to the solar incident angle degree obtained, sample correction coefficient and the actual detected value treating measuring plants, obtain the revised detected value of solar angle; Wherein, y
sfor the revised detected value of solar angle, y
vfor the actual detected value of plant canopy informative spectral detector, K is correction coefficient, and θ is solar incident angle degree.
Before step (3) also can be placed in step (1) or (2).
Solar incident angle refers to the angle between direct sunlight line and wall normal.In prior art, the method obtaining solar incident angle degree is more, as shadow length method etc.
In order to realize quick, the Measurement accuracy of solar incident angle degree, the optical sensor preferably utilizing rounded dot matrix to distribute obtains solar incident angle degree; Concrete grammar is as follows: the optical sensor utilizing rounded dot matrix to distribute obtains sunshine induction light intensity, photosensor arrays is responded to light intensity and is converted into voltage, based on formula
obtain solar incident angle; Wherein, θ is solar incident angle degree, and θ value is not 0; U
mfor magnitude of voltage; U
maxwhen be θ value being 0, transform the magnitude of voltage obtained.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) the plant canopy informative spectral detector based on solar angle correction of the present invention only need install solar incident angle degree pick-up unit on the basis of original instrument, the correction to solar angle can be realized, overcome the impact of solar angle on Instrumental results, accuracy of detection is high;
(2) of the present invention stronger based on solar angle revised plant canopy informative spectral detector adaptive capacity to environment, the scope of application is wider;
(3) the plant canopy informative spectral detection method based on solar angle correction provided by the invention, easy, reliable, by the correction to solar angle, can improve plant canopy informative spectral detection method to the accuracy of detection of chlorophyll, nitrogen.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1 ~ 10
A kind of plant canopy informative spectral detecting instrument based on solar angle correction, comprise probe and data processing unit, probe top is provided with 50 unit optical sensors of rounded dot matrix distribution, light-passing board is covered with, the equal access data processing unit of signal output part of probe and solar incident angle degree pick-up unit above optical sensor.The concrete steps that application instrument detects plant chlorophyll are as follows:
First, the optical sensor of the rounded dot matrix distribution in probe top is utilized to obtain solar incident angle degree θ.Meanwhile, probe emission spectrum to treating measuring plants, and gathers reflectance spectrum, obtains and treats the actual detected value y of the chlorophyll of measuring plants
v.
Secondly, the solar incident angle degree θ of data processing unit according to acquisition and the sample correction COEFFICIENT K by criteria check sample acquisition, to the actual detected value y of chlorophyll of described plant canopy informative spectral detector
vrevise, obtain solar angle revised chlorophyll detected value y
s.
In order to the performance of better comparative descriptions instrument of the present invention, the chlorophyll content that measuring plants treated by the SPAD502 high precision instrument simultaneously utilizing plant canopy informative spectral detecting instrument (Finland CROP SCAN instrument) and Japanese Minolta company to produce detects.
Under the incident condition of the different sun, treat that measuring plants utilizes three kinds of instruments to carry out test of many times respectively to different, the data obtained are as shown in table 1.Table 1 lists the test figure of 10 embodiments under 10 kinds of different solar incident angle conditions respectively.
Table 1 embodiment data table related
| Embodiment sequence number | θ | y 0 | y s | y |
| 1 | 12 | 32.4 | 34.9 | 35.5 |
| 2 | 15 | 31.7 | 35.4 | 35.5 |
| 3 | 21 | 30.2 | 35.2 | 35.5 |
| 4 | 24 | 28.2 | 36.1 | 35.5 |
| 5 | 30 | 27.5 | 35.2 | 35.5 |
| 6 | 35 | 25.6 | 34.5 | 35.5 |
| 7 | 37 | 24.1 | 35.7 | 35.5 |
| 8 | 45 | 22.7 | 35.1 | 35.5 |
| 9 | 56 | 20.4 | 36.4 | 35.5 |
| 10 | 70 | 19.7 | 35.8 | 35.5 |
Note: above y
0, y
schlorophyll SPAD Reading is with y, wherein, y
0the SPAD value that plant canopy informative spectral detecting instrument obtains, y
sfor the SPAD value obtained based on the plant canopy informative spectral detecting instrument of solar angle correction, y is the SPAD502 high precision apparatus measuring value that Japanese Minolta company produces.
Claims (2)
1., based on a plant canopy informative spectral detection method for solar angle correction, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) solar incident angle degree is obtained;
(2) utilize plant canopy informative spectral detector to obtain the chlorophyll detected value of criteria check sample, described criteria check sample refers to that SPAD Distribution value evenly and be the sample of a fixed value; According to sample correction model, obtain correction coefficient, described sample correction model is:
Wherein, y
s0for the Chlorophyll SPAD Reading of criteria check sample, y
v0for the Chlorophyll SPAD Reading of the criteria check sample that plant canopy informative spectral detector records, θ is solar incident angle degree, and K is correction coefficient;
(3) plant canopy informative spectral detector is utilized to obtain the actual detected value treating measuring plants; Described actual detected value is nitrogen or the actual detected value of chlorophyll;
(4) based on formula y
s=K θ y
v, according to the solar incident angle degree obtained, sample correction coefficient and the actual detected value treating measuring plants, obtain the revised detected value of solar angle; Wherein, y
sfor the revised detected value of solar angle, y
vfor the actual detected value of plant canopy informative spectral detector, K is correction coefficient, and θ is solar incident angle degree.
2. as claimed in claim 1 based on the plant canopy informative spectral detection method of solar angle correction, it is characterized in that, in step (1), the optical sensor utilizing rounded dot matrix to distribute obtains solar incident angle degree; Concrete grammar is as follows: the optical sensor utilizing rounded dot matrix to distribute obtains sunshine induction light intensity, photosensor arrays is responded to light intensity and is converted into voltage, based on formula
obtain solar incident angle; Wherein, θ is solar incident angle degree, and θ value is not 0; U
mfor magnitude of voltage; U
maxwhen be θ value being 0, transform the magnitude of voltage obtained.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201706729U (en) * | 2010-06-28 | 2011-01-12 | 戴佳慧 | Intelligent solar water heater capable of tracking sun |
| CN102507458A (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2012-06-20 | 浙江大学 | Correction method of sunlight source in outdoor hyperspectral image acquisition system |
| CN202304804U (en) * | 2011-10-09 | 2012-07-04 | 中海阳新能源电力股份有限公司 | Two-dimensional radar scanning type sun angle detection device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN201706729U (en) * | 2010-06-28 | 2011-01-12 | 戴佳慧 | Intelligent solar water heater capable of tracking sun |
| CN202304804U (en) * | 2011-10-09 | 2012-07-04 | 中海阳新能源电力股份有限公司 | Two-dimensional radar scanning type sun angle detection device |
| CN102507458A (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2012-06-20 | 浙江大学 | Correction method of sunlight source in outdoor hyperspectral image acquisition system |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| Detection of foliage conditions and disturbance from multi-angular high spectral;Thomas Hilker et al;《Remote Sensing of Environment》;20091231;421-434 * |
| TOP-1200植物冠层分析仪产品性能分析;浙江托普仪器有限公司;《浙江托普仪器有限公司-供求商机》;20120724;正文第3段 * |
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