CN102823639A - Method for drying carrots by oxygen-free heat pump - Google Patents
Method for drying carrots by oxygen-free heat pump Download PDFInfo
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- CN102823639A CN102823639A CN2012103061192A CN201210306119A CN102823639A CN 102823639 A CN102823639 A CN 102823639A CN 2012103061192 A CN2012103061192 A CN 2012103061192A CN 201210306119 A CN201210306119 A CN 201210306119A CN 102823639 A CN102823639 A CN 102823639A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/85—Food storage or conservation, e.g. cooling or drying
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for drying carrots, in particular to a method for drying carrots by an oxygen-free heat pump. By the method, nitrogen gas is filled into a drying chamber of the heat pump so as to generate an oxygen-free environment, and the carrots can be dried in the oxygen-free environment. On the basis of quality research on dried carrot slice products and energy reduction, the nitrogen gas is used as drying medium to dry carrot slices in the oxygen-free heat pump, so that beta-carotene in the dried carrot products is high in reservation ratio, the dried carrot products are orange in tinct and palatefull in flavor, and quality of the dried carrot slices is improved. By the method for drying carrots by the oxygen-free heat pump, drying time is shortened, and production efficiency is improved. Besides, the method for drying carrots by the oxygen-free heat pump is low in drying cost, fine in drying effect, easy to control and capable of realizing real sanitary large-scale continuous automatic production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of dried carrot, the method for a kind of specifically anaerobic heat pump drying carrot.
Background technology
China is an agricultural production big country, and the yield of vegetables of China in 2004 reaches 5.5 hundred million tons.The yield of vegetables of China in 2005 is 56,284 ten thousand tons.In numerous vegetables, carrot is the widest at China's planting area, and disease and pest is less in the growth of carrot process, so agricultural pollution is few, and output is high.Carrot is a kind of nutritious homely vegetables, but fresh carrot is difficult for preserving, and receives season limit.At present, remain unchanged basically, both be easy to store and transportation, can regulate carrot again effectively and produce the dull and rush season joint, the exploitation of carrot mainly is the dry dehydrated vegetables of making for making original color and luster of carrot and nutritional labeling.
Carrot is a kind of root shape biology with fresh colour; Its nutritional labeling is prone to take place oxidational losses under hot blast or Exposure to Sunlight; Find after deliberation; When temperature was 60 ℃ ~ 80 ℃, carrot was after heated-air drying or vacuum drying, and the retention rate of its active component beta carotene is respectively 58 ~ 62%, 69 ~ 74%; After the freeze drying, the active component beta carotene loses hardly, but the lyophilization system complex structure, equipment investment is big, and drying time is long, and energy consumption is high, and its production application is restricted.
Summary of the invention
Under hot blast or Exposure to Sunlight, be prone to the problem that oxidation makes the easy loss of this beta carotene of active component takes place for solving carrot, the present invention provides the method for a kind of anaerobic heat pump drying carrot.
The present invention addresses the above problem the technical scheme of employing to be:
The method of a kind of anaerobic heat pump drying carrot may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: carrot preliminary treatment: select carrot 8-10kg bright-colored, that size is even, nothing is rotted insect pest and mechanical damage; After cleaning; The carrot epidermis 0.5mm that prunes is thick; Then carrot root and head are respectively excised 3cm, remaining column carrot is cut into the disk shape, and slice thickness is 2-3mm;
Step 2: the carrot slice that cuts is tiled in the hothouse on the horizontally disposed material disc, is spaced apart 1-1.5cm between carrot slice and the sheet, every layer of material disc placed the 1-1.5kg carrot slice, closes hothouse after placing;
Step 3: open the power supply of drying equipment, make the dry wind along continuous straight runs flow through material disc, and the wind speed flow through material disc is set is 0.5-1.5m/s;
Step 4: in hothouse, feed nitrogen then, the shared percentage of dry indoor oxygen is descended, forming oxygen content is the oxygen-free environment below 5%, stops to feed nitrogen afterwards;
Step 5: start heater; The dry wind temperature that will flow through material disc is controlled at 40-60 ℃, and the carrot slice on the material disc is carried out the anaerobic drying, and every separated 1h feeds a nitrogen to hothouse in dry run; Regulate the oxygen concentration in the hothouse, make it remain on below 5% always; Dry 5-10h, and after making the carrot moisture content reduce to below 5%, stop drying, dried carrot slice is taken out vacuum-packed, storage.
In the dry run, the dry wind that flows through material disc is lowered the temperature, thereby make condensate moisture in the air-flow realize that aqueous vapor separates, the air-flow of isolating moisture is heated and is delivered to material disc again after the device heating carrot slice is carried out drying.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) this technical scheme is through on quality research of carrot slice dried product and the basis that cuts down the consumption of energy; Use nitrogen and carrot slice is carried out heat pump drying as drying medium; Make beta carotene retention rate raising in the dried sliced carrot product; Color and luster tangerine (about the same with fresh carrot), carrot are with rich flavor, have improved the quality of dry-making carrot sheet;
(2) this drying means convection current gas medium of crossing material disc is lowered the temperature; Thereby make the condensate moisture in the air-flow realize the aqueous vapor separation; The air-flow of isolating moisture is heated and is delivered to material disc again after the device heating carrot slice is carried out drying; This method has shortened drying time, has improved production efficiency; And drying cost is low, and drying effect is good.
(3) this drying means energy consumption is low, and is easy to control, can realize the cleaner production of real extensive continuous and automatic.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the present invention is done further elaboration.
Embodiment 1
Carrot preliminary treatment: select carrot 8kg bright-colored, that size is even, nothing is rotted insect pest and mechanical damage; After cleaning, the carrot epidermis 0.5mm that prunes is thick, then carrot root and head are respectively excised 3cm; Remaining column carrot is cut into the disk shape, and slice thickness is 2mm;
The carrot slice that cuts is tiled in the hothouse on the horizontally disposed material disc, is spaced apart 1cm between carrot slice and the sheet, every layer of material disc placed the 1kg carrot slice, closes hothouse after placing;
Open the power supply of hothouse inner drying equipment, make the dry wind along continuous straight runs flow through material disc, and the wind speed flow through material disc is set is 0.5m/s;
In hothouse, feed nitrogen then, the shared percentage of dry indoor oxygen is descended, form the oxygen-free environment of oxygen content below 5%, stop to feed nitrogen afterwards;
Start heater; The dry wind temperature that will flow through material disc is controlled at 40 ℃, and the carrot slice on the material disc is carried out the anaerobic drying, and every separated 1h feeds a nitrogen to hothouse in dry run; Regulate the oxygen concentration in the hothouse, make it remain on below 5% always; Dry 10h, and after making the carrot moisture content reduce to below 5%, stop drying, dried carrot slice is taken out vacuum-packed, storage; The retention rate of beta carotene is 95.09% in the carrot slice dried product that obtains after the drying.
Embodiment 2
Carrot preliminary treatment: select carrot 9kg bright-colored, that size is even, nothing is rotted insect pest and mechanical damage; After cleaning, the carrot epidermis 0.5mm that prunes is thick, then carrot root and head are respectively excised 3cm; Remaining column carrot is cut into the disk shape, and slice thickness is 2.5mm;
The carrot slice that cuts is tiled in the hothouse on the horizontally disposed material disc, is spaced apart 1.2cm between carrot slice and the sheet, every layer of material disc placed the 1.2kg carrot slice, closes hothouse after placing;
Open the power supply of hothouse inner drying equipment, make the dry wind along continuous straight runs flow through material disc, and the wind speed flow through material disc is set is 1m/s;
In hothouse, feed nitrogen then, the shared percentage of dry indoor oxygen is descended, form the oxygen-free environment of oxygen content below 5%, stop to feed nitrogen afterwards;
Start heater; The dry wind temperature that will flow through material disc is controlled at 50 ℃, and the carrot slice on the material disc is carried out the anaerobic drying, and every separated 1h feeds a nitrogen to hothouse in dry run; Regulate the oxygen concentration in the hothouse, make it remain on below 5% always; Dry 8h, and after making the carrot moisture content reduce to below 5%, stop drying, dried carrot slice is taken out vacuum-packed, storage; The retention rate of beta carotene is 83.34% in the carrot slice dried product that obtains after the drying.
Embodiment 3
Carrot preliminary treatment: select carrot 10kg bright-colored, that size is even, nothing is rotted insect pest and mechanical damage; After cleaning, the carrot epidermis 0.5mm that prunes is thick, then carrot root and head are respectively excised 3cm; Remaining column carrot is cut into the disk shape, and slice thickness is 3mm;
The carrot slice that cuts is tiled in the hothouse on the horizontally disposed material disc, is spaced apart 1.5cm between carrot slice and the sheet, every layer of material disc placed the 1.5kg carrot slice, closes hothouse after placing;
Open the power supply of drying equipment, make the dry wind along continuous straight runs flow through material disc, and the wind speed flow through material disc is set is 1.5m/s;
In hothouse, feed nitrogen then, the shared percentage of dry indoor oxygen is descended, form the oxygen-free environment of oxygen content below 5%, stop to feed nitrogen afterwards;
Start heater; The dry wind temperature that will flow through material disc is controlled at 60 ℃, and the carrot slice on the material disc is carried out the anaerobic drying, and every separated 1h feeds a nitrogen to hothouse in dry run; Regulate the oxygen concentration in the hothouse, make it remain on below 5% always; Dry 5h, and after making the carrot moisture content reduce to below 5%, stop drying, dried carrot slice is taken out vacuum-packed, storage; The retention rate of beta carotene is 87.01% in the carrot slice dried product that obtains after the drying.
This method device therefor is the dry air conditioning apparatus of source nitrogen, and heat-pump apparatus and nitrogen device are formed the nitrogen heat pump combined unit, and making up with nitrogen is the sealing and circulating loop of medium dried material, effectively controls oxygen content in the hothouse;
Owing to can there be the leakage of nitrogen in the machine running process; Cause oxygen content slowly to increase, therefore in dry run, whenever feed a nitrogen to hothouse, regulate the oxygen concentration in the hothouse at a distance from 1h; It is remained on below 5% always, until the drying of accomplishing carrot slice;
Said drying equipment is to be provided with accessory fan and auxiliary heater in the anaerobic heat pump drier; When required wind speed surpasses 2.0m/s; Need open accessory fan and improve wind speed; Wind speed can reach 10m/s when main air blower and accessory fan move simultaneously, can satisfy different material requirement to wind speed when dry basically; Opening auxiliary heater, can to make dry indoor temperature be warming up to dried material rapidly temperature required, and experiment shows, makes dry indoor temperature rise to 60 ℃ from 30 ℃, opens to shift to an earlier date 10min when auxiliary heater is comparable does not open auxiliary heater and accomplish;
Said material disc lies in a horizontal plane on the small handcart; Said small handcart is the alloy dolly; And pulley is installed in the bottom; Can free in and out hothouse; Material disc is netted stainless steel wire, and a batch materials is released small handcart rapidly after being the dry completion of carrot slice; Another small handcart that installs material is pushed hothouse continue drying, can realize uninterrupted continuous drying;
The assay method of beta carotene is a high performance liquid chromatography among the present invention, and used instrument model is an Agilent 1260.
Chromatographic condition: chromatographic column: anti-phase C18 chromatographic column; Detector: UV-detector; Flowing phase: ethyl acetate and methyl alcohol; Type of elution: gradient elution; 0 ~ 15min, 10% ~ 15% ethyl acetate, 15 ~ 30min, 15% ~ 30% ethyl acetate, back operation 5min; Flow velocity: 1.2mL/min; Detect wavelength: 450nm; Column temperature: 25 ℃; Sample size: 10 μ L; Quantitative approach: external standard method.
Claims (2)
1. the method for an anaerobic heat pump drying carrot is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: carrot preliminary treatment: select carrot 8-10kg bright-colored, that size is even, nothing is rotted insect pest and mechanical damage; After cleaning; The carrot epidermis 0.5mm that prunes is thick; Then carrot root and head are respectively excised 3cm, remaining column carrot is cut into the disk shape, and slice thickness is 2-3mm;
Step 2: the carrot slice that cuts is tiled in the hothouse on the horizontally disposed material disc, is spaced apart 1-1.5cm between carrot slice and the sheet, every layer of material disc placed the 1-1.5kg carrot slice, closes hothouse after placing;
Step 3: open the power supply of drying equipment, make the dry wind along continuous straight runs flow through material disc, and the wind speed flow through material disc is set is 0.5-1.5m/s;
Step 4: in hothouse, feed nitrogen then, the shared percentage of dry indoor oxygen is descended, forming oxygen content is the oxygen-free environment below 5%, stops to feed nitrogen afterwards;
Step 5: start heater; The dry wind temperature that will flow through material disc is controlled at 40-60 ℃, and the carrot slice on the material disc is carried out the anaerobic drying, and every separated 1h feeds a nitrogen to hothouse in dry run; Regulate the oxygen concentration in the hothouse, make it remain on below 5% always; Dry 5-10h, and after making the carrot moisture content reduce to below 5%, stop drying, dried carrot slice is taken out vacuum-packed, storage.
2. the method for a kind of anaerobic heat pump drying carrot as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that: in the dry run; Dry wind to flowing through material disc is lowered the temperature; Thereby make condensate moisture in the air-flow realize that aqueous vapor separates, the air-flow of isolating moisture is heated and is delivered to material disc again after the device heating carrot slice is carried out drying.
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| CN2012103061192A CN102823639A (en) | 2012-08-27 | 2012-08-27 | Method for drying carrots by oxygen-free heat pump |
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| CN2012103061192A CN102823639A (en) | 2012-08-27 | 2012-08-27 | Method for drying carrots by oxygen-free heat pump |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103039886A (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2013-04-17 | 罗享云 | Method for producing dried turnip |
| CN103416475A (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2013-12-04 | 河南科技大学 | Method for drying Hami melon slices by nitrogen source low oxygen heat pump |
| CN103444857A (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2013-12-18 | 河南科技大学 | Method for drying apple pieces by nitrogen source low-oxygen heat pump |
| CN103822442A (en) * | 2014-02-17 | 2014-05-28 | 河南科技大学 | Method for drying honeysuckles |
| CN103875797A (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2014-06-25 | 河南省农业科学院 | Drying method for fruits and vegetables |
| CN103940203A (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2014-07-23 | 中国农业大学 | Microwave heat pump low-oxygen drying device and operating method thereof |
| CN104322655A (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2015-02-04 | 河南科技大学 | Ultrasonic-reinforced controlled atmosphere drying method and device |
| CN107356091A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2017-11-17 | 上海伯涵热能科技有限公司 | A kind of more drying machines combine the drying unit set with source pump |
| CN115067491A (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2022-09-20 | 西藏凌云生物科技开发有限公司 | Method for preparing purple potato whole powder by utilizing heat pump-nitrogen coupling drying |
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Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103039886B (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2014-07-02 | 罗享云 | Method for producing dried turnip |
| CN103039886A (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2013-04-17 | 罗享云 | Method for producing dried turnip |
| CN103444857B (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2015-08-12 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of method of source nitrogen hypoxemia heat pump drying apple flakes |
| CN103416475A (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2013-12-04 | 河南科技大学 | Method for drying Hami melon slices by nitrogen source low oxygen heat pump |
| CN103444857A (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2013-12-18 | 河南科技大学 | Method for drying apple pieces by nitrogen source low-oxygen heat pump |
| CN103416475B (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2014-12-10 | 河南科技大学 | Method for drying Hami melon slices by nitrogen source low oxygen heat pump |
| CN103822442A (en) * | 2014-02-17 | 2014-05-28 | 河南科技大学 | Method for drying honeysuckles |
| CN103822442B (en) * | 2014-02-17 | 2015-09-02 | 河南科技大学 | The drying means of a kind of honeysuckle |
| CN103875797A (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2014-06-25 | 河南省农业科学院 | Drying method for fruits and vegetables |
| CN103875797B (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2015-07-22 | 河南省农业科学院 | Drying method for fruits and vegetables |
| CN103940203B (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2016-09-07 | 中国农业大学 | A kind of microwave heat pump hypoxemia drying equipment and method of operating thereof |
| CN103940203A (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2014-07-23 | 中国农业大学 | Microwave heat pump low-oxygen drying device and operating method thereof |
| CN104322655A (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2015-02-04 | 河南科技大学 | Ultrasonic-reinforced controlled atmosphere drying method and device |
| CN104322655B (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2017-10-31 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of ultrasound-enhanced controlled atmosphere drying means and device |
| CN107356091A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2017-11-17 | 上海伯涵热能科技有限公司 | A kind of more drying machines combine the drying unit set with source pump |
| CN115067491A (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2022-09-20 | 西藏凌云生物科技开发有限公司 | Method for preparing purple potato whole powder by utilizing heat pump-nitrogen coupling drying |
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Application publication date: 20121219 |