CN102820253B - 一种基于soi衬底的高迁移率双沟道材料的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种基于soi衬底的高迁移率双沟道材料的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于SOI衬底的高迁移率双沟道材料的制备方法,基于传统的SOI(silicon-on-insulator)衬底,外延压应变的SiGe材料,用作PMOSFET的沟道材料;在SiGe材料上继续外延Si,采用离子注入、退火等手段,使部分应变的SiGe弛豫,同时将应变传递到上方Si层中,从而形成应变Si材料,用做NMOSFET的沟道材料。本方法其工艺步骤简单,易于实现,能够同时为NMOSFET及PMOSFET提供高迁移率的沟道材料,满足了同时提高NMOSFET和PMOSFET器件性能的要求,为下一代的CMOS工艺提供潜在的沟道材料。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于CMOS器件的双沟道材料的制备方法,尤其涉及一种基于SOI衬底的高迁移率双沟道材料的制备方法,属于微电子与固体电子学技术领域。
背景技术
随着集成电路工艺的发展,器件的特征尺寸不断缩小,体硅材料较低的电子和空穴迁移率已经成为提高器件性能的瓶颈。应变硅(strained silicon),通过在晶格常数不同于硅的材料上外延硅,或者其他工艺方法引起硅晶格结构的拉伸或者压缩形变而形成。由于其可以有效提高载流子迁移率,已经成为面向新一代半导体工艺节点的候选衬底材料。SiGe衬底具有与Si不相同的晶格常数,在SiGe衬底上外延生长的Si与SiGe衬底之间会存在晶格失配,这种晶格失配使得外延的Si层会有应变。应变硅材料由于其晶格结构的畸变,能够同时提高电子和空穴的迁移率,而绝缘体上应变硅(sSOI,strained silicon on insulator)同时具有绝缘体上硅(SOI,silicon on insulator)和应变硅的优点,在集成电路工艺中具有更广阔的应用前景。
绝缘体上应变硅材料也可以是应变Si与(应变)SiGe的组合,即以应变Si/(应变)SiGe形成双沟道层结构(应变Si为表层、SiGe为埋层)。在双沟道独特的能带结构中,电子被限制在应变Si层中,可以获得高的电子迁移率,空穴被限制在(应变)SiGe层中,可以获得高的空穴迁移率。
鉴于此,本发明将提出一种基于SOI衬底的应变Si/SiGe双沟道材料的制备工艺,采用该工艺可同时为NMOS及PMOS提供高迁移率的沟道材料。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题在于提供一种基于SOI衬底的高迁移率双沟道材料的制备方法。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种基于SOI衬底的高迁移率双沟道材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一、在SOI衬底上外延生长SiGe层,其中SOI衬底由下至上依次由硅衬底、绝缘埋层和顶层硅组成;
步骤二、在所述SiGe层上继续外延生长Si盖帽层;
步骤三、在所述Si盖帽层上形成光刻胶,利用光刻刻蚀工艺将部分Si盖帽层露出;
步骤四、在露出的Si盖帽层上继续外延生长Si层;
步骤五、进行离子注入,使注入的离子分布在SOI衬底的顶层硅中;
步骤六、进行退火工艺,使部分SiGe层中的应力产生弛豫,从而将应力转移到其上方外延的Si材料中形成应变硅;形成的应变硅用于形成NMOSFET沟道,在光刻胶覆盖区域下方的SiGe层用于形成PMOSFET沟道。
作为本发明的优选方案,步骤一所采用的SOI衬底的顶层硅厚度为5-100nm,绝缘埋层厚度为10-500nm。
作为本发明的优选方案,步骤一在SOI衬底上外延生长SiGe层之前,还需要对该SOI衬底进行RCA清洗。
作为本发明的优选方案,步骤一外延生长的SiGe层中,Ge含量为10%-50%。
作为本发明的优选方案,步骤一外延生长的SiGe层的厚度为5-200nm。
作为本发明的优选方案,步骤二外延生长的Si盖帽层的厚度为2-5nm。
作为本发明的优选方案,步骤四外延生长的Si层的厚度为5-20nm。
作为本发明的优选方案,步骤五注入的离子为H、He、N、Si、C中的一种或多种。
作为本发明的优选方案,步骤五离子注入的剂量为1E13-1E18/cm2。
作为本发明的优选方案,步骤五退火的温度为300-1000℃,时间为1分钟至2小时。
本发明的有益效果在于:
本发明采用了传统的SOI衬底,利用外延、离子注入、退火等手段在SOI衬底上形成了应变Si/SiGe双沟道材料,其工艺步骤简单,易于实现,能够同时为NMOSFET及PMOSFET提供高迁移率的沟道材料,满足了同时提高NMOSFET和PMOSFET器件性能的要求,为下一代的CMOS工艺提供潜在的沟道材料。
附图说明
图1-8为本发明方法的工艺流程示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图进一步说明本发明的具体实施步骤,为了示出的方便附图并未按照比例绘制。
实施例一
请参见图1-8,本实施例提供的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一、提供一片传统的SOI衬底,如图1所示,SOI衬底由下至上依次由硅衬底10、绝缘埋层20和顶层硅30组成,其中,顶层硅30厚度为5-100nm,绝缘埋层20厚度为10-500nm;然后对该SOI衬底进行标准的RCA(Radio Corporation of America)清洗,去除表面的污染物;再在该SOI衬底上外延生长SiGe层40,如图2所示,SiGe层40的Ge含量可以优选为10%-50%,厚度优选为5-200nm。为了保证生长的SiGe层40具有压应力,SiGe材料的厚度应控制在临界厚度以内,本实施例中,外延生长的SiGe层40的Ge含量为20%,其厚度控制在100nm左右。
步骤二、如图3所示,在所述SiGe层40上继续外延生长Si材料,作为Si盖帽层50。Si盖帽层50的厚度为2-5nm,在后续制作MOS器件时用于和高介电常数(H-K)栅介质接触,从而避免界面缺陷态的形成。
步骤三、根据CMOS工艺的要求,在所述Si盖帽层50上形成光刻胶60,如图4所示;然后利用光刻刻蚀工艺形成相应的图形,露出一部分的Si盖帽层50,如图5所示。由此可将设计为PMOSFET的部分用光刻胶进行保护,而设计为NMOSFET的部分露出以便后续工艺在该区域形成应变硅。
步骤四、如图6所示,在露出的Si盖帽层50上继续外延生长Si层70。外延生长的Si层70,厚度优选为5-20nm,以便于后续SiGe应力释放后,完全将应力转移到Si中,从而形成应变硅。本实施例中,外延生长的Si层70,厚度为10nm。
步骤五、如图7所示,进行离子注入,使注入的离子分布在SOI衬底的顶层硅30中。注入的离子优选为H、He、N、Si、C中的一种或多种,注入的剂量优选为1E13-1E18/cm2,而注入的能量根据不同的离子种类、和SiGe及其上方的Si的厚度进行确定,从而使离子注入的射程分布在SOI衬底的顶层硅30中。本实施例中,采用H离子注入,注入剂量为1E15/cm2。
步骤六、进行退火工艺,退火的温度优选为300-1000℃,时间为1分钟至2小时。由于离子注入引起的损伤,使得部分SiGe层40中的应力产生弛豫,从而将应力转移到其上方外延的Si材料中形成应变硅80。本实施例中,退火温度为600℃,时间为50分钟。如图8所示,形成的应变硅80用于形成NMOSFET沟道,在光刻胶60覆盖区域下方的SiGe层40用于形成PMOSFET沟道。
去除光刻胶后,利用该双沟道材料,可以在应变的SiGe材料上设计PMOSFET,在应变的Si材料上设计NMOSFET,从而可以实现CMOS工艺的集成。
实施例二
采用与实施例一相类似的工艺步骤,不同之处在于:
步骤一中外延生长的SiGe层Ge含量为10%,其厚度控制在200nm;步骤四中外延生长的Si层,厚度为5nm;步骤五中采用He离子注入,注入剂量为1E13/cm2;步骤六中的退火温度为1000℃,时间为1分钟。
实施例三
采用与实施例一相类似的工艺步骤,不同之处在于:
步骤一中外延生长的SiGe层Ge含量为30%,其厚度控制在80nm;步骤四中外延生长的Si层,厚度为10nm;步骤五中采用N离子注入,注入剂量为1E15/cm2;步骤六中的退火温度为800℃,时间为5分钟。
实施例四
采用与实施例一相类似的工艺步骤,不同之处在于:
步骤一中外延生长的SiGe层Ge含量为40%,其厚度控制在50nm;步骤四中外延生长的Si层,厚度为15nm;步骤五中采用Si离子注入,注入剂量为1E16/cm2;步骤六中的退火温度为400℃,时间为90分钟。
实施例五
采用与实施例一相类似的工艺步骤,不同之处在于:
步骤一中外延生长的SiGe层Ge含量为50%,其厚度控制在5nm;步骤四中外延生长的Si层,厚度为20nm;步骤五中采用C离子注入,注入剂量为1E18/cm2;步骤六中的退火温度为300℃,时间为120分钟。
上述实施例仅列示性说明本发明的原理及功效,而非用于限制本发明。任何熟悉此项技术的人员均可在不违背本发明的精神及范围下,对上述实施例进行修改。因此,本发明的权利保护范围,应如权利要求书所列。
Claims (9)
1.一种基于SOI衬底的高迁移率双沟道材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤一、在SOI衬底上外延生长SiGe层,其中SOI衬底由下至上依次由硅衬底、绝缘埋层和顶层硅组成;
步骤二、在所述SiGe层上继续外延生长Si盖帽层;
步骤三、在所述Si盖帽层上形成光刻胶,利用光刻刻蚀工艺将部分Si盖帽层露出;
步骤四、在露出的Si盖帽层上继续外延生长Si层;
步骤五、进行离子注入,使注入的离子分布在SOI衬底的顶层硅中;
步骤六、进行退火工艺,使部分SiGe层中的应力产生弛豫,从而将应力转移到其上方外延的Si材料中形成应变硅;形成的应变硅用于形成NMOSFET沟道,在光刻胶覆盖区域下方的SiGe层用于形成PMOSFET沟道。
2.根据权利要求1所述的基于SOI衬底的高迁移率双沟道材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤一所采用的SOI衬底的顶层硅厚度为5-100nm,绝缘埋层厚度为10-500nm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的基于SOI衬底的高迁移率双沟道材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤一在SOI衬底上外延生长SiGe层之前,还需要对该SOI衬底进行RCA清洗。
4.根据权利要求1所述的基于SOI衬底的高迁移率双沟道材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤一外延生长的SiGe层的厚度为5-200nm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的基于SOI衬底的高迁移率双沟道材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤二外延生长的Si盖帽层的厚度为2-5nm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的基于SOI衬底的高迁移率双沟道材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤四外延生长的Si层的厚度为5-20nm。
7.根据权利要求1所述的基于SOI衬底的高迁移率双沟道材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤五注入的离子为H、He、N、Si、C中的一种或多种。
8.根据权利要求1所述的基于SOI衬底的高迁移率双沟道材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤五离子注入的剂量为1E13-1E18/cm2。
9.根据权利要求1所述的基于SOI衬底的高迁移率双沟道材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤五退火的温度为300-1000℃,时间为1分钟至2小时。
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US9349863B2 (en) | 2013-08-07 | 2016-05-24 | Globalfoundries Inc. | Anchored stress-generating active semiconductor regions for semiconductor-on-insulator finfet |
US9018057B1 (en) | 2013-10-08 | 2015-04-28 | Stmicroelectronics, Inc. | Method of making a CMOS semiconductor device using a stressed silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafer |
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