CN102814478A - Preparation method for continuously forming zinc and zinc alloy pipe, bar or wire - Google Patents
Preparation method for continuously forming zinc and zinc alloy pipe, bar or wire Download PDFInfo
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- CN102814478A CN102814478A CN2012102729708A CN201210272970A CN102814478A CN 102814478 A CN102814478 A CN 102814478A CN 2012102729708 A CN2012102729708 A CN 2012102729708A CN 201210272970 A CN201210272970 A CN 201210272970A CN 102814478 A CN102814478 A CN 102814478A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy and particularly relates to a preparation method for continuously forming a zinc and zinc alloy pipe, bar or wire. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly, preparing zinc or zinc alloy into molten metal; preheating casting and extruding wheels and slot sealing blocks of a continuous casting machine; casting the molten metal trough a channel into a cavity formed by the casting and extruding wheels and the slot sealing blocks, and setting the rotation speed of the casting and extruding wheels to be 8-15rpm; introducing water to the casting and extruding wheels and casting and extruding boots during the casting and extruding process for cooling, setting the flow of the cooling water to be 10-20L/min, and enabling the molten metal on the front end of a material stopping block to solidify at 180 DEG C to 250 DEG C; and directly winding the prepared zinc or zinc bar or wire into discs. According to the preparation method provided by the invention, the casting and extruding techniques of zinc or zinc alloy are integrated and continued, and therefore, low cost and short process can be really realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal freezing and plastic forming technology field, be specifically related to the preparation method of a kind of progressive forming zinc and kirsite tubing or bar or wire rod.
Background technology
Zinc and kirsite be owing to have good corrosion resistance, mechanical property and performance such as wear-resisting, and be widely used in thermal spraying, capacitor metal spraying, five metals, electronics, industrial equipment and automobile and other industries.The manufacturing approach of pipe, rod and the wire rod of preparation zinc and kirsite mainly is ingot casting-extruding-drawing process at present.And the technological process of the zinc that conventional ingot casting-extruding-drawing process is produced and kirsite pipe, rod and wire rod is long, and it mainly is because zinc and most kirsite have the close-packed hexagonal crystal structure, and plastic deformation is quite difficult under the room temperature.Up to now; The zinc and kirsite pipe, rod and the wire craft flow process that generally adopt both at home and abroad are: continuous or semi-continuous casting zinc and kirsite ingot casting; Then recipient and mould are heated; Simultaneously raw material zinc or the kirsite recipient that carries out packing into after the post bake is pushed, carry out the multi-pass drawing afterwards.Therefore, its long flow path of this kind manufacturing approach, cost is high, and energy consumption is high, and production efficiency is low.
Recently; There is the scholar to propose to adopt continuously extruded method to produce zinc and kirsite bar or wire rod; But fundamentally do not change the technological process of production of conventional extruding; Still need on the basis of zinc that is cast as certain specification and kirsite bar, on continuous extruder, form after the post bake.And in the continuously extruded technical continuous casting and extrusion forming technology that grows up; Can the liquid metal continuous casting be integrated with extrusion molding; Also can realize semisolid preparation and the integrated and serialization that is shaped, belong to short flow process, the advanced technologies energy-efficient, that lumber recovery is high; And at aluminium alloy, the magnesium alloy application of having succeeded.But, also do not study the application of this technology in zinc and kirsite pipe, rod and wire rod processing.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to having zinc and kirsite pipe, rod and wire production complex process now, production efficiency is low and is shaped difficult key technical problem; And a kind of continuous casting and extrusion forming of developing prepares the preparation method of kirsite tubing or bar or wire rod; The casting and the extrusion molding of alloy liquid metal are carried out integrated and serialization, realize truly the low cost and the short flow process mode of production.
Method of the present invention comprises smelting metal and continuous casting and extrusion; The equipment that continuous casting and extrusion adopts is the continuous casting and extrusion machine; The continuous casting and extrusion machine is made up of motor, reductor and main frame; Main frame comprises that wheel is squeezed in chute, casting, groove seals piece, casts and squeeze boots, extrusion die, material blocking block, eccentric shaft, hydraulic cylinder and frame, carries out according to the following steps:
1, simple metal zinc is heated to 430～500 ℃, treat whole metal moltens after, 20～40min is left standstill in insulation again; Obtain pure zinc melt; Pure metallic aluminum is heated to 680～720 ℃, treat whole metal moltens after, add metallic zinc successively, magnesium, copper or rare earth element, treat whole metal moltens after, be stirred to and mix, cool the temperature to 460～600 ℃ after insulation leave standstill 20～40min; Obtain zinc-aluminium base kirsite melt; Simple metal zinc is heated to 600～620 ℃, adds metallic aluminium successively, magnesium, copper and bismuth or rare earth element, treat whole metal moltens after, cool the temperature to 480～580 ℃ after insulation leave standstill 20～40min; Obtain zinc-copper base kirsite melt;
Above-mentioned kirsite composition scope is following: be Al 0～60% by weight percentage, Cu 0～10%, and Mg 0～0.05%; Bi 0～0.5% or rare earth element 0～1%; Wherein, rare earth can be one or more among La, Ce, Nd, Gd, Y, the Pr, and surplus is Zn;
2, adopt the continuous casting and extrusion machine; Zinc and kirsite melt are poured into casting through chute squeeze wheel and form in the die cavity with groove envelope piece, the rotating speed that wheel is squeezed in the casting of continuous casting and extrusion machine is 3～15r/min, prepares zinc and kirsite pipe, rod and wire rod; Kirsite tubing is of a size of: external diameter 20～125mm; The diameter of wall thickness 3～25mm, rod and wire rod is 6～30mm, squeezes water flowing cooling in the boots to crowded wheel of casting and casting when casting is squeezed, and making the metal temperature at the material blocking block front end is 200～350 ℃ of intervals; Control out linear velocity, make zinc and kirsite pipe, rod and wire surface blemish such as cycle crackle not occur; The groove envelope piece that above-mentioned casting is squeezed on wheel and the continuous casting and extrusion machine is preheated to 100～150 ℃ before use;
The method for using of continuous casting and extrusion machine is: the casting that the extrusion die of continuous casting and extrusion machine and groove envelope piece is installed to casting and extruding machine is squeezed in the boots, and it is 0.5～1.0mm that the gap that wheel and casting squeeze between the boots is squeezed in the adjustment casting; Start casting and extruding machine, it is 3～15r/min that the rotating speed of taking turns is squeezed in the adjustment casting, and idle running 2～4min casts the break-in of squeezing wheel and the crowded boots body of casting and is preheated to 100～150 ℃; Through chute above-mentioned zinc and kirsite melt cast are taken turns in the die cavity that forms with groove envelope piece to casting is crowded; When mould to be extruded squeezes out zinc and kirsite pipe, rod and the wire rod of 0.5～1m; Begin to squeeze logical water quench in wheel and the crowded boots of casting to casting; The flow of cooling water is 10～20 L/min, and with equilibrium freezing heat and flow of metal heat, making the actual temperature that is poured into behind the interior solidification of metal melt of die cavity is 200～350 ℃; And control out linear velocity, with the zinc that guarantees to prepare and kirsite pipe, rod and wire rod not because of the overheated blemish such as surface period crackle that occurs; Treating that melt casting is squeezed finishes when stopping to pour into a mould, and it is about 3r/min that wheel speed is squeezed in the adjustment casting, and squeezes under the wheel rotation condition in casting; To cast crowded boots separates with the crowded wheel of casting; Disable motor will be cast and squeeze the wheel stall afterwards, continue logical cooling water this moment 5～10 minutes, wait to cast to squeeze wheel and casting and squeeze the boots temperature when dropping to below 70 ℃; Stop cooling, powered-down.
Beneficial effect: method of the present invention has realized zinc and kirsite pipe, rod and wire rod continuous casting and extrusion forming first, and liquid Zn and kirsite are directly prepared high-performance zinc and kirsite pipe, rod and wire rod continuously; Compare with traditional cast zinc alloy ingot blank, peeling processing, post bake, high temperature extruding, drawing process method, adopt continuous casting and extrusion forming technology escapable cost more than 30%, lumber recovery to reach more than 95%, cut down the consumption of energy more than 40%; Problem such as method of the present invention has solved present production zinc and kirsite pipe, rod and the wire production technological process is long, forming efficiency is low, investment is big, device systems is huge, energy consumption is high and yield rate is low; The present invention can produce pipe, rod and the wire rod of endless in theory continuously, and product that can only the production limited length when pushing with routine is compared, and has broad application prospects.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the zinc alloy wire section product photo figure without aligning in the embodiment of the invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the metallographic structure displaing micro photo figure of the zinc alloy wire section product in the embodiment of the invention 1.
Fig. 3 is the room temperature tensile performance chart of the zinc alloy wire section product in the embodiment of the invention 1.
Fig. 4 is the polarization curve of the zinc alloy wire section product in the embodiment of the invention 1.
The specific embodiment
Metallic zinc weight purity >=99.99% that adopts in the instance of the present invention; Weight purity >=99.9% of metallic aluminium, weight purity >=99.8% of metallic copper, weight purity >=99.95% of magnesium metal; Weight purity >=99.9% of metal-rare-earth, weight purity >=99.9% of bismuth metal;
The resistance furnace that adopts in the instance of the present invention is RL～8 type resistance furnaces;
The crucible that adopts in the instance of the present invention is a graphite crucible;
Adopt silicon carbide rod to stir in the instance of the present invention;
The kirsite tubing for preparing in the instance of the present invention is of a size of: external diameter 20～125mm, the diameter of wall thickness 3～25mm, rod and wire rod are 6～30mm;
The continuous casting and extrusion machine that adopts in the instance of the present invention is Chinese patent " aluminium alloy continuous casting and extrusion machine " (patent No. ZL952323184) described equipment; The flow of the cooling water of continuous casting and extrusion machine is 10～20L/min in the instance of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Metallic aluminium is placed in the crucible of cleaning, is placed on then in the resistance furnace, be heated to 700 ℃; After metallic aluminium fusing back adds metallic zinc, treats whole metal moltens, be stirred to and mix; Be cooled to 530 ℃, make purified treatment with dry carbon trichloride afterwards, its addition is a melt weight 0.3%.20min is left standstill in insulation again; Obtain the kirsite melt, require its composition to be Al 15% by weight percentage, surplus is Zn;
Adopt the continuous casting and extrusion machine; Groove on crowded wheel of casting and the continuous casting and extrusion machine seals piece and is preheated to 100 ℃ before use, the kirsite melt is poured into to cast to squeeze to take turns with groove through chute seals in the die cavity of piece formation, and it is 10r/min that the rotating speed of taking turns is squeezed in the casting of continuous casting and extrusion machine; When squeezing, casting squeezes boots water flowing cooling to crowded wheel of casting and casting; The flow of cooling water is 10L/min, makes temperature at the metal of material blocking block front end about 300 ℃, and preparing diameter is the kirsite wire rod of 12mm; The said goods can directly be curled into dish;
The gap that above-mentioned continuous casting and extrusion machine casting is squeezed between wheel and the crowded boots of casting is 0.9mm;
The photo in kind that the kirsite wire rod is squeezed in final casting is as shown in Figure 1, and the metallographic microstructure of this wire rod is as shown in Figure 2, and the result is as shown in Figure 3 in its Mechanics Performance Testing, and results of corrosion-resistance is as shown in Figure 4;
The zinc alloy wire section product tensile strength that obtains reaches 220MPa, percentage elongation 64%, and corrosion potential is～1.023V.
Embodiment 2
Metallic zinc is placed in the crucible of cleaning, is placed on then in the resistance furnace, be heated to 620 ℃; Add metallic aluminium, magnesium metal, bismuth metal and metallic copper successively in metallic zinc fusing back adding; After treating whole metal moltens, be stirred to and mix, be cooled to 580 ℃; Make purified treatment with dry carbon trichloride afterwards, its addition is a melt weight 0.3%; 40min is left standstill in insulation again; Obtain the kirsite melt, require its composition to be Cu 3.5% by weight percentage, Al 0.1%, and Mg 0.25%, and Bi 0.3%, and surplus is Zn;
Adopt the continuous casting and extrusion machine; Groove on crowded wheel of casting and the continuous casting and extrusion machine seals piece and is preheated to 150 ℃ before use, the kirsite melt is poured into to cast to squeeze to take turns with groove through chute seals in the piece formation die cavity, and it is 15r/min that the rotating speed of taking turns is squeezed in the casting of continuous casting and extrusion machine; When squeezing, casting squeezes water flowing cooling in the boots to crowded wheel of casting and casting; The flow of cooling water is 20L/min, makes when the solidification of metal melt of material blocking block front end temperature prepare the kirsite wire rod of diameter 8mm at 250 ℃; The said goods can directly be curled into dish;
The gap that above-mentioned continuous casting and extrusion machine casting is squeezed between wheel and the crowded boots of casting is 0.8mm;
The zinc alloy wire section product tensile strength that obtains reaches 289MPa, percentage elongation 8%, and corrosion potential is～1.027V.
Embodiment 3
Metallic aluminium is placed in the crucible of cleaning, is placed on then in the resistance furnace, be heated to 680 ℃; Add metallic zinc and metallic cerium in metallic aluminium fusing back; After treating whole metal moltens, be stirred to and mix, be cooled to 560 ℃; Make purified treatment with dry carbon trichloride afterwards, its addition is a melt weight 0.3%.30min is left standstill in insulation again; Obtain the kirsite melt, require its composition to be Al 15% by weight percentage, Ce 0.2%, and surplus is Zn;
Adopt the continuous casting and extrusion machine; Groove on crowded wheel of casting and the continuous casting and extrusion machine seals piece and is preheated to 100 ℃ before use, the kirsite melt is poured into to cast to squeeze to take turns with groove through chute seals in the piece formation die cavity, and it is 8 r/min that the rotating speed of taking turns is squeezed in the casting of continuous casting and extrusion machine; When squeezing, casting squeezes boots water flowing cooling to crowded wheel of casting and casting; The flow of cooling water is 15L/min, makes metal temperature at the material blocking block front end at 200 ℃, and preparing diameter is the kirsite wire rod of 6 mm; The said goods can directly be curled into dish;
The gap that above-mentioned continuous casting and extrusion machine casting is squeezed between wheel and the crowded boots of casting is 0.8mm;
The zinc alloy wire section product tensile strength that obtains reaches 245MPa, percentage elongation 42%, and corrosion potential is～1.021V.
Embodiment 4
Metallic aluminium is placed in the crucible of cleaning, is placed on then in the resistance furnace, be heated to 720 ℃; Add metallic zinc in metallic aluminium fusing back, magnesium metal and metallic copper, treat whole metal moltens after; Be stirred to and mix; Be cooled to 600 ℃, make purified treatment with dry carbon trichloride afterwards, its addition is a melt weight 0.3%.30min is left standstill in insulation again; Obtain the kirsite melt, require its composition to be Al 27% by weight percentage, Cu 2% Mg 0.02%, surplus is Zn;
Adopt the continuous casting and extrusion machine; Groove on crowded wheel of casting and the continuous casting and extrusion machine seals piece and is preheated to 120 ℃ before use, the kirsite melt is poured into to cast to squeeze to take turns with groove through chute seals in the piece formation die cavity, and it is 8 r/min that the rotating speed of taking turns is squeezed in the casting of continuous casting and extrusion machine; When squeezing, casting squeezes boots water flowing cooling to crowded wheel of casting and casting; The flow of cooling water is 15L/min, makes that temperature is at 220 ℃ when the solidification of metal melt of material blocking block front end, and preparing diameter is the kirsite bar of 30mm;
The gap that above-mentioned continuous casting and extrusion machine casting is squeezed between wheel and the crowded boots of casting is 1.0mm, and casting pushes through journey and uses the extension forming mould, realizes that the casting of larger-diameter bar pushes through journey;
Wherein the structure of extension forming mould is made up of extended cavity body portion (expanded mode) and shaped portion (extrusion die); The expansion cavity is a taper type; Material is under strong three-dimensional compressive stress effect; Small end by frustum flows to, and end flows out and the expansion of realization section greatly, and the shaped portion of material inflow afterwards pushes;
The zinc alloy wire section product tensile strength that obtains reaches 430MPa, percentage elongation 8 %, and corrosion potential is～1.013V.
Embodiment 5
Metallic zinc is placed in the crucible of cleaning, is placed on then in the resistance furnace, be heated to 480 ℃, treat whole metal moltens after, be cooled to 450 ℃, make purified treatment with dry carbon trichloride afterwards, its addition is a melt weight 0.3%.20min is left standstill in insulation again; Obtain the metallic zinc melt;
Adopt the continuous casting and extrusion machine, cast the groove envelope piece that squeezes on wheel and the continuous casting and extrusion machine and be preheated to 120 ℃ before use, the kirsite melt is poured into the crowded wheel of casting through chute forms in the die cavity with groove envelope piece; The rotating speed that wheel is squeezed in the casting of continuous casting and extrusion machine is 12 r/min; Squeeze wheel and boots water flowing cooling is squeezed in casting to casting when casting is squeezed, the flow of cooling water is 10L/min, makes when the solidification of metal melt of material blocking block front end temperature at 230 ℃; Preparing diameter is the metallic zinc wire rod of 8mm, and the said goods can directly be curled into dish;
The gap that above-mentioned continuous casting and extrusion machine casting is squeezed between wheel and the crowded boots of casting is 0.8mm;
The zinc alloy wire section product tensile strength that obtains reaches 160MPa, percentage elongation 20 %, and corrosion potential is～1.03V.
Embodiment 6
Metallic aluminium is placed in the crucible of cleaning, is placed on then in the resistance furnace, be heated to 720 ℃; Add metallic zinc in metallic aluminium fusing back, magnesium metal and metallic copper, treat whole metal moltens after; Be stirred to and mix; Be cooled to 600 ℃, make purified treatment with dry carbon trichloride afterwards, its addition is a melt weight 0.3%.30min is left standstill in insulation again; Obtain the kirsite melt, require its composition to be Al 10% by weight percentage, Cu 2% Mg 0.04%, surplus is Zn;
Adopt the continuous casting and extrusion machine, cast the groove envelope piece that squeezes on wheel and the continuous casting and extrusion machine and be preheated to 120 ℃ before use, the kirsite melt is poured into the crowded wheel of casting through chute forms in the die cavity with groove envelope piece; The rotating speed that wheel is squeezed in the casting of continuous casting and extrusion machine is 8 r/min; Squeeze wheel and boots water flowing cooling is squeezed in casting to casting when casting is squeezed, the flow of cooling water is 15L/min, makes when the solidification of metal melt of material blocking block front end temperature at 350 ℃; Preparing external diameter is 20mm, and wall thickness is the kirsite tubing of 3mm;
The gap that above-mentioned continuous casting and extrusion machine casting is squeezed between wheel and the crowded boots of casting is 0.9mm, and casting pushes through the diffluence combination die tool that journey is used extension forming, realizes pushing through journey than the casting of large outside diameter pipe material;
Wherein the structure of the diffluence combination die of extension forming is made up of extended cavity body portion (expanded mode), shunting bridge (shunting and seam) and shaped portion (extrusion die); The expansion cavity is a taper type; Material is flow to by the small end of frustum under strong three-dimensional compressive stress effect, and big end flows out and realizes the section expansion; Material flows into shunting bridge and seam afterwards, and final extrusion molding forms tubing;
The kirsite pipe material product tensile strength that obtains reaches 480MPa, percentage elongation 20 %, and corrosion potential is～1.026V.
Embodiment 7: adopt the processing step identical with embodiment 6, preparing external diameter is 125mm, and wall thickness is the kirsite tubing of 25mm, and its product tensile strength reaches 490MPa, percentage elongation 21 %, and corrosion potential is～1.025V.
Above-mentioned instance is used for explaining the present invention, rather than limits the invention, so long as zinc or kirsite raw material according to manufacturing approach of the present invention, can obtain tubing or the bar and the wire rod of high-intensity high-tenacity.In spirit of the present invention and claim protection domain, any modification and change to the present invention makes all fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the preparation method of a progressive forming zinc and kirsite tubing or bar or wire rod is characterized in that carrying out as follows: at first zinc or kirsite are prepared into metal bath; Then wheel and the preheating of groove envelope piece are squeezed in the casting of continuous casting and extrusion machine; Be poured into metal bath in the die cavity of casting crowded wheel and the formation of groove envelope piece through chute; The rotating speed that wheel is squeezed in casting is set to 3～15r/min, squeezes wheel and the crowded boots water flowing cooling of casting to casting when casting is crowded, and the flow of cooling water is 10～20L/min; Make when the solidification of metal melt of material blocking block front end temperature at 200～350 ℃, zinc of preparing or kirsite rod wire rod directly are curled into dish.
2. the preparation method of a kind of progressive forming zinc according to claim 1 and kirsite tubing or bar or wire rod is characterized in that adding in the described kirsite among metallic aluminium, magnesium metal, bismuth metal, metallic copper or rare-earth elements La, Ce, Nd, Gd, Y, the Pr one or more.
3. the preparation method of a kind of progressive forming zinc according to claim 1 and kirsite tubing or bar or wire rod is characterized in that the crowded wheel of casting of described casting and extruding machine and groove envelope piece preheat temperature are 100～150 ℃.
4. the preparation method of a kind of progressive forming zinc according to claim 1 and kirsite tubing or bar or wire rod is characterized in that the gap that described continuous casting and extrusion machine casting is squeezed between wheel and the crowded boots of casting is 0.5～1.0mm.
5. the preparation method of a kind of progressive forming zinc according to claim 1 and kirsite tubing or bar or wire rod is characterized in that the diameter of described zinc or kirsite rod line or wire rod is 6～30mm.
6. the preparation method of a kind of progressive forming zinc according to claim 1 and kirsite tubing or bar or wire rod is characterized in that described kirsite tube outer diameter 20～125mm, wall thickness 3～25mm.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110125352A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-08-16 | 沈阳大学 | A kind of zinc alloy belt material progressive forming method |
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| JP2009226419A (en) * | 2008-03-19 | 2009-10-08 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Method for producing copper or copper alloy wire rod and copper or copper alloy wire rod |
| CN101890485A (en) * | 2010-06-08 | 2010-11-24 | 东北大学 | Continuous casting and extrusion forming method for magnesium alloy bar/wire rod |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1886213A (en) * | 2003-10-03 | 2006-12-27 | 诺维尔里斯公司 | Belt casting method of non-ferrous and light metals and apparatus therefor |
| JP2009226419A (en) * | 2008-03-19 | 2009-10-08 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Method for producing copper or copper alloy wire rod and copper or copper alloy wire rod |
| CN101890485A (en) * | 2010-06-08 | 2010-11-24 | 东北大学 | Continuous casting and extrusion forming method for magnesium alloy bar/wire rod |
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| CN110125352A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-08-16 | 沈阳大学 | A kind of zinc alloy belt material progressive forming method |
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