CN102814478B - Preparation method for continuously forming zinc and zinc alloy pipe, bar or wire - Google Patents
Preparation method for continuously forming zinc and zinc alloy pipe, bar or wire Download PDFInfo
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- CN102814478B CN102814478B CN201210272970.8A CN201210272970A CN102814478B CN 102814478 B CN102814478 B CN 102814478B CN 201210272970 A CN201210272970 A CN 201210272970A CN 102814478 B CN102814478 B CN 102814478B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy and particularly relates to a preparation method for continuously forming a zinc and zinc alloy pipe, bar or wire. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly, preparing zinc or zinc alloy into molten metal; preheating casting and extruding wheels and slot sealing blocks of a continuous casting machine; casting the molten metal trough a channel into a cavity formed by the casting and extruding wheels and the slot sealing blocks, and setting the rotation speed of the casting and extruding wheels to be 8-15rpm; introducing water to the casting and extruding wheels and casting and extruding boots during the casting and extruding process for cooling, setting the flow of the cooling water to be 10-20L/min, and enabling the molten metal on the front end of a material stopping block to solidify at 180 DEG C to 250 DEG C; and directly winding the prepared zinc or zinc bar or wire into discs. According to the preparation method provided by the invention, the casting and extruding techniques of zinc or zinc alloy are integrated and continued, and therefore, low cost and short process can be really realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal freezing and plastic forming technology field, be specifically related to the preparation method of a kind of progressive forming zinc and zinc alloy tubing or bar or wire rod.
Background technology
Zinc and zinc alloy owing to having good corrosion resistance, mechanical property and the performance such as wear-resisting, and is widely used in thermal spraying, capacitor metal spraying, five metals, electronics, industrial equipment and automobile and other industries.Prepare the manufacture method mainly ingot casting-extruding-drawing process of the pipe of zinc and zinc alloy, rod and wire rod at present.And the technological process of zinc and zinc alloy pipe, rod and wire rod that conventional foundry ingot-extruding-drawing process is produced is long, it is mainly because zinc and most kirsite have Patterns for Close-Packed Hexagonal Crystal structure, and under room temperature, plastic deformation is quite difficult.Up to now, the zinc and zinc alloy pipe, rod and the wire craft flow process that generally adopt both at home and abroad are: continuous or semi-continuous casting zinc and zinc alloy ingot casting, then recipient and mould are heated, load recipient after raw material zinc or kirsite being carried out post bake to extrude simultaneously, carry out multi pass drawing afterwards.Therefore, this kind of its long flow path of manufacture method, cost is high, and energy consumption is high, and production efficiency is low.
Recently, scholar is had to propose to adopt continuously extruded method to produce zinc and zinc alloy bar or wire rod, but fundamentally do not change the technological process of production of conventional extrusion, still need, on the basis of zinc and zinc alloy bar being cast as certain specification, to form on continuous extruder after post bake.And the continuous casting and extrusion forming technology grown up on continual extruding technology, liquid metal continuous casting can be integrated with extrusion molding, also semisolid preparation and the integrated and serialization be shaped can be realized, belong to short route, the advanced technologies that energy-efficient, lumber recovery is high, and at aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy has been succeeded application.But to the application of this technology in the processing of zinc and zinc alloy pipe, rod and wire rod, also do not study.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for existing zinc and zinc alloy pipe, rod and production of wirerods is complicated, production efficiency is low and the key technical problem of forming difficulty, and a kind of continuous casting and extrusion forming developed prepares the preparation method of kirsite tubing or bar or wire rod, the casting of alloy liquid metal is carried out integrated and serialization with extrusion molding, realizes low cost truly and the short route mode of production.
Method of the present invention comprises smelting metal and continuous casting and extrusion, the equipment that continuous casting and extrusion adopts is continuous casting and extrusion machine, continuous casting and extrusion machine is made up of motor, reductor and main frame, main frame comprises chute, casting crowded wheel, groove envelope block, casting crowded boots, extrusion die, material blocking block, eccentric shaft, hydraulic cylinder and frame, carries out according to the following steps:
1, simple metal zinc is heated to 430 ~ 500 DEG C, after whole metal molten, then insulation leaves standstill 20 ~ 40min; Obtain pure zinc melt; Pure metallic aluminum is heated to 680 ~ 720 DEG C, after whole metal molten, adds metallic zinc successively, magnesium, copper or rare earth element, after whole metal molten, be stirred to and mix, after cooling the temperature to 460 ~ 600 DEG C, insulation leaves standstill 20 ~ 40min; Obtain zinc-aluminium base kirsite melt; Simple metal zinc is heated to 600 ~ 620 DEG C, adds metallic aluminium successively, magnesium, copper and bismuth or rare earth element, after whole metal molten, after cooling the temperature to 480 ~ 580 DEG C, insulation leaves standstill 20 ~ 40min; Obtain zinc-copper base kirsite melt;
Above-mentioned kirsite compositional ranges is as follows: be Al 0 ~ 60%, Cu 0 ~ 10%, Mg 0 ~ 0.05% by weight percentage, Bi 0 ~ 0.5% or rare earth element 0 ~ 1%, wherein, rare earth can be one or more in La, Ce, Nd, Gd, Y, Pr, and surplus is Zn;
2, adopt continuous casting and extrusion machine, zinc and zinc alloy melt is poured into casting crowded wheel by chute and groove seals block and formed in die cavity, the rotating speed of the casting crowded wheel of continuous casting and extrusion machine is 3 ~ 15r/min, prepare zinc and zinc alloy pipe, rod and wire rod, kirsite tubing is of a size of: external diameter 20 ~ 125mm, wall thickness 3 ~ 25mm, the diameter of rod and wire rod is 6 ~ 30mm, water flowing cooling in boots is squeezed to casting crowded wheel and casting when casting is squeezed, the metal temperature in material blocking block front end is made to be 200 ~ 350 DEG C of intervals, control out linear velocity, make zinc and zinc alloy pipe, there is not the blemish such as Periodic Cracks in rod and wire surface, groove envelope block on above-mentioned casting crowded wheel and continuous casting and extrusion machine is preheated to 100 ~ 150 DEG C before use,
The using method of continuous casting and extrusion machine is: squeeze in boots by the casting that the extrusion die of continuous casting and extrusion machine and groove envelope block are installed to casting and extruding machine, the gap that adjustment casting crowded wheel and casting are squeezed between boots is 0.5 ~ 1.0mm; Start casting and extruding machine, the rotating speed that crowded wheel is cast in adjustment is 3 ~ 15r/min, idle running 2 ~ 4min, and the break-in of carrying out casting crowded wheel and the crowded boots body of casting is preheated to 100 ~ 150 DEG C; By chute, above-mentioned zinc and zinc alloy melt cast is sealed in the die cavity that block formed to casting crowded wheel and groove, when mould to be extruded squeezes out the zinc and zinc alloy pipe of 0.5 ~ 1m, rod and wire rod, start to squeeze logical water quench in boots to casting crowded wheel and casting, the flow of cooling water is 10 ~ 20 L/min, with equilibrium freezing heat and flow of metal heat, the actual temperature after being poured into the solidification of metal melt in die cavity is made to be 200 ~ 350 DEG C, and control out linear velocity, to ensure that zinc and zinc alloy pipe, rod and the wire rod prepared does not occur the blemish such as surface period crackle because of overheated; When complete stopping cast being squeezed in melt casting, adjustment casting crowded wheel rotating speed is about 3r/min, and under casting crowded wheel rotation condition, casting is squeezed boots to be separated with casting crowded wheel, disable motor will cast crowded wheel stall afterwards, the logical cooling water of now continuation 5 ~ 10 minutes, in time casting crowded wheel and the crowded boots temperature of casting drops to below 70 DEG C, stop cooling, powered-down.
beneficial effect: method of the present invention achieves zinc and zinc alloy pipe, rod and wire rod continuous casting and extrusion forming first, and direct for liquid zinc and zinc alloy continuous production is gone out high-performance zinc and zinc alloy pipe, rod and wire rod; With traditional cast zinc alloy ingot blank, remove the peel and process, compared with post bake, high temperature extrusion, drawing process method, adopt continuous casting and extrusion forming technique escapable cost more than 30%, lumber recovery reaches more than 95%, reduces energy consumption more than 40%; The problems such as method of the present invention solves and produces at present zinc and zinc alloy pipe, rod and production of wirerods long flow path, forming efficiency is low, investment is large, device systems is huge, energy consumption is high and yield rate is low; The present invention in theory can the pipe of continuous seepage endless, rod and wire rod, compared with the product of production limited length, can only have broad application prospects with during conventional extrusion.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the zinc alloy wire section product photo figure without aligning in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the metallographic structure displaing micro photo figure of the zinc alloy wire section product in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 3 is the room temperature tensile properties curve map of the zinc alloy wire section product in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 4 is the polarization curve of the zinc alloy wire section product in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Detailed description of the invention
Metallic zinc purity by weight >=99.99% adopted in example of the present invention, purity by weight >=99.9% of metallic aluminium, purity by weight >=99.8% of metallic copper, purity by weight >=99.95% of magnesium metal, purity by weight >=99.9% of metal-rare-earth, purity by weight >=99.9% of bismuth metal;
The resistance furnace adopted in example of the present invention is RL ~ 8 type resistance furnaces;
The crucible adopted in example of the present invention is graphite crucible;
Silicon carbide rod is adopted to stir in example of the present invention;
The kirsite tubing prepared in example of the present invention is of a size of: external diameter 20 ~ 125mm, and the diameter of wall thickness 3 ~ 25mm, rod and wire rod is 6 ~ 30mm;
The continuous casting and extrusion machine adopted in example of the present invention is the equipment described in Chinese patent " aluminium alloy continuous casting and extrusion machine " (patent No. ZL952323184); In example of the present invention, the flow of the cooling water of continuous casting and extrusion machine is 10 ~ 20L/min.
Embodiment 1
Metallic aluminium is placed in clean crucible, is then placed in resistance furnace, be heated to 700 DEG C, after metallic aluminium fusing, add metallic zinc, after whole metal molten, be stirred to and mix, be cooled to 530 DEG C, make purified treatment with dry carbon trichloride afterwards, its addition is melt weight 0.3%.Insulation leaves standstill 20min again; Obtain kirsite melt, requiring its composition is by weight percentage Al 15%, and surplus is Zn;
Adopt continuous casting and extrusion machine, the groove envelope block cast on crowded wheel and continuous casting and extrusion machine is preheated to 100 DEG C before use, kirsite melt is poured into casting crowded wheel by chute and groove seals in the die cavity that block formed, the rotating speed of the casting crowded wheel of continuous casting and extrusion machine is 10r/min, boots water flowing cooling is squeezed to casting crowded wheel and casting when casting is squeezed, the flow of cooling water is 10L/min, makes the temperature of the metal in material blocking block front end at about 300 DEG C, prepares the kirsite wire rod that diameter is 12mm; The said goods directly can be curled into dish;
The gap that above-mentioned continuous casting and extrusion machine casting crowded wheel and casting are squeezed between boots is 0.9mm;
Final casting squeezes the photo in kind of kirsite wire rod as shown in Figure 1, and as shown in Figure 2, as shown in Figure 3, results of corrosion-resistance as shown in Figure 4 for its mechanical experimental results for the metallographic microstructure of this wire rod;
The zinc alloy wire section product tensile strength obtained reaches 220MPa, percentage elongation 64%, and corrosion potential is ~ 1.023V.
Embodiment 2
Metallic zinc is placed in clean crucible, then be placed in resistance furnace, be heated to 620 DEG C, add after metallic zinc fusing and add metallic aluminium, magnesium metal, bismuth metal and metallic copper successively, after whole metal molten, be stirred to and mix, be cooled to 580 DEG C, make purified treatment with dry carbon trichloride afterwards, its addition is melt weight 0.3%; Insulation leaves standstill 40min again; Obtain kirsite melt, requiring its composition is by weight percentage Cu 3.5%, Al 0.1%, Mg 0.25%, Bi 0.3%, and surplus is Zn;
Adopt continuous casting and extrusion machine, the groove envelope block cast on crowded wheel and continuous casting and extrusion machine is preheated to 150 DEG C before use, kirsite melt is poured into casting crowded wheel by chute and groove seals block and formed in die cavity, the rotating speed of the casting crowded wheel of continuous casting and extrusion machine is 15r/min, water flowing cooling in boots is squeezed to casting crowded wheel and casting when casting is squeezed, the flow of cooling water is 20L/min, makes the temperature when the solidification of metal melt of material blocking block front end at 250 DEG C, prepare the kirsite wire rod of diameter 8mm; The said goods directly can be curled into dish;
The gap that above-mentioned continuous casting and extrusion machine casting crowded wheel and casting are squeezed between boots is 0.8mm;
The zinc alloy wire section product tensile strength obtained reaches 289MPa, percentage elongation 8%, and corrosion potential is ~ 1.027V.
Embodiment 3
Metallic aluminium is placed in clean crucible, then be placed in resistance furnace, be heated to 680 DEG C, metallic zinc and metallic cerium is added after metallic aluminium fusing, after whole metal molten, be stirred to and mix, be cooled to 560 DEG C, make purified treatment with dry carbon trichloride afterwards, its addition is melt weight 0.3%.Insulation leaves standstill 30min again; Obtain kirsite melt, requiring its composition is by weight percentage Al 15%, Ce 0.2%, and surplus is Zn;
Adopt continuous casting and extrusion machine, the groove envelope block cast on crowded wheel and continuous casting and extrusion machine is preheated to 100 DEG C before use, kirsite melt is poured into casting crowded wheel by chute and groove seals block and formed in die cavity, the rotating speed of the casting crowded wheel of continuous casting and extrusion machine is 8 r/min, boots water flowing cooling is squeezed to casting crowded wheel and casting when casting is squeezed, the flow of cooling water is 15L/min, makes metal temperature in material blocking block front end at 200 DEG C, prepares the kirsite wire rod that diameter is 6 mm; The said goods directly can be curled into dish;
The gap that above-mentioned continuous casting and extrusion machine casting crowded wheel and casting are squeezed between boots is 0.8mm;
The zinc alloy wire section product tensile strength obtained reaches 245MPa, percentage elongation 42%, and corrosion potential is ~ 1.021V.
Embodiment 4
Metallic aluminium is placed in clean crucible, then be placed in resistance furnace, be heated to 720 DEG C, metallic zinc is added, magnesium metal and metallic copper, after whole metal molten after metallic aluminium fusing, be stirred to and mix, be cooled to 600 DEG C, make purified treatment with dry carbon trichloride afterwards, its addition is melt weight 0.3%.Insulation leaves standstill 30min again; Obtain kirsite melt, requiring its composition is by weight percentage Al 27%, Cu 2% Mg 0.02%, and surplus is Zn;
Adopt continuous casting and extrusion machine, the groove envelope block cast on crowded wheel and continuous casting and extrusion machine is preheated to 120 DEG C before use, kirsite melt is poured into casting crowded wheel by chute and groove seals block and formed in die cavity, the rotating speed of the casting crowded wheel of continuous casting and extrusion machine is 8 r/min, boots water flowing cooling is squeezed to casting crowded wheel and casting when casting is squeezed, the flow of cooling water is 15L/min, makes the temperature when the solidification of metal melt of material blocking block front end at 220 DEG C, prepare the Zinc alloy bar that diameter is 30mm;
The gap that above-mentioned continuous casting and extrusion machine casting crowded wheel and casting are squeezed between boots is 1.0mm, and casting pushes through journey and uses extension forming mould, and the casting realizing larger-diameter bar pushes through journey;
Wherein the structure of extension forming mould is by expanding cavity portion (expanded mode) and shaped portion (extrusion die) forms, expansion cavity is taper type, material is under strong three-dimensional compressive stress effect, flow to by the small end of frustum, large end flows out and realizes section expansion, and the shaped portion of material inflow afterwards extrudes;
The zinc alloy wire section product tensile strength obtained reaches 430MPa, percentage elongation 8 %, and corrosion potential is ~ 1.013V.
Embodiment 5
Metallic zinc be placed in clean crucible, be then placed in resistance furnace, be heated to 480 DEG C, after whole metal molten, be cooled to 450 DEG C, make purified treatment with dry carbon trichloride afterwards, its addition is melt weight 0.3%.Insulation leaves standstill 20min again; Obtain metallic zinc melt;
Adopt continuous casting and extrusion machine, the groove envelope block cast on crowded wheel and continuous casting and extrusion machine is preheated to 120 DEG C before use, kirsite melt is poured into casting crowded wheel by chute and groove seals block and formed in die cavity, the rotating speed of the casting crowded wheel of continuous casting and extrusion machine is 12 r/min, squeeze boots water flowing cooling to casting crowded wheel and casting when casting is squeezed, the flow of cooling water is 10L/min, to make when the solidification of metal melt of material blocking block front end temperature at 230 DEG C, prepare the metallic zinc wire rod that diameter is 8mm, the said goods directly can be curled into dish;
The gap that above-mentioned continuous casting and extrusion machine casting crowded wheel and casting are squeezed between boots is 0.8mm;
The zinc alloy wire section product tensile strength obtained reaches 160MPa, percentage elongation 20 %, and corrosion potential is ~ 1.03V.
Embodiment 6
Metallic aluminium is placed in clean crucible, then be placed in resistance furnace, be heated to 720 DEG C, metallic zinc is added, magnesium metal and metallic copper, after whole metal molten after metallic aluminium fusing, be stirred to and mix, be cooled to 600 DEG C, make purified treatment with dry carbon trichloride afterwards, its addition is melt weight 0.3%.Insulation leaves standstill 30min again; Obtain kirsite melt, requiring its composition is by weight percentage Al 10%, Cu 2% Mg 0.04%, and surplus is Zn;
Adopt continuous casting and extrusion machine, the groove envelope block cast on crowded wheel and continuous casting and extrusion machine is preheated to 120 DEG C before use, kirsite melt is poured into casting crowded wheel by chute and groove seals block and formed in die cavity, the rotating speed of the casting crowded wheel of continuous casting and extrusion machine is 8 r/min, squeeze boots water flowing cooling to casting crowded wheel and casting when casting is squeezed, the flow of cooling water is 15L/min, to make when the solidification of metal melt of material blocking block front end temperature at 350 DEG C, preparing external diameter is 20mm, and wall thickness is the kirsite tubing of 3mm;
The gap that above-mentioned continuous casting and extrusion machine casting crowded wheel and casting are squeezed between boots is 0.9mm, and casting pushes through the diffluence combination die tool that journey uses extension forming, realizes pushing through journey compared with the casting of large outside diameter pipe material;
Wherein the structure of the diffluence combination die of extension forming forms by expanding cavity portion (expanded mode), shunting bridge (shunting and seam) and shaped portion (extrusion die), expansion cavity is taper type, material is under strong three-dimensional compressive stress effect, flow to by the small end of frustum, large end flows out and realizes section expansion, material flows into shunting bridge and seam afterwards, and final extrusion molding forms tubing;
The kirsite pipe material product tensile strength obtained reaches 480MPa, percentage elongation 20 %, and corrosion potential is ~ 1.026V.
Embodiment 7: adopt the processing step identical with embodiment 6, preparing external diameter is 125mm, and wall thickness is the kirsite tubing of 25mm, and its product tensile strength reaches 490MPa, percentage elongation 21 %, and corrosion potential is ~ 1.025V.
Above-mentioned example is used for explaining the present invention, instead of limits the invention, as long as zinc or kirsite raw material, according to manufacture method of the present invention, can obtain the tubing of high-intensity high-tenacity or bar and wire rod.In spirit of the present invention and claim protection domain, any amendment make the present invention and change, all fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a preparation method for progressive forming zinc and zinc alloy tubing or bar or wire rod, is characterized in that carrying out as follows: first zinc or kirsite are prepared into metal bath by (1); Simple metal zinc is heated to 430 ~ 500 DEG C, and after whole metal molten, then insulation leaves standstill 20 ~ 40min, obtains pure zinc melt; Pure metallic aluminum is heated to 680 ~ 720 DEG C, after whole metal molten, add metallic zinc, or add metallic zinc and metallic cerium successively, or add metallic zinc, magnesium metal and metallic copper successively, after whole metal molten, be stirred to and mix, after cooling the temperature to 460 ~ 600 DEG C, insulation leaves standstill 20 ~ 40min, obtains zinc-aluminium base kirsite melt; Simple metal zinc is heated to 600 ~ 620 DEG C, adds metallic aluminium, magnesium metal, bismuth metal and metallic copper successively, after whole metal molten, after cooling the temperature to 480 ~ 580 DEG C, insulation leaves standstill 20 ~ 40min, obtains zinc-copper base kirsite melt; Above-mentioned kirsite compositional ranges is as follows: be Al 0 ~ 60%, Cu 0 ~ 10%, Mg 0 ~ 0.05%, Bi 0 ~ 0.5%, Ce 0 ~ 1% by weight percentage, surplus is Zn; (2) then by the casting crowded wheel of continuous casting and extrusion machine and the preheating of groove envelope block, preheat temperature is 100 ~ 150 DEG C; Metal bath is poured into casting crowded wheel by chute and groove seals in the die cavity that block formed, the rotating speed of casting crowded wheel is set to 3 ~ 15r/min, boots water flowing cooling is squeezed to casting crowded wheel and casting when casting is squeezed, the flow of cooling water is 10 ~ 20L/min, make when the solidification of metal melt of material blocking block front end that temperature is at 200 ~ 350 DEG C, the zinc prepared or kirsite Bar Wire Product are directly curled into dish; The gap that described continuous casting and extrusion machine casting crowded wheel and casting are squeezed between boots is 0.5 ~ 1.0mm; The diameter of described zinc or kirsite rod line or wire rod is 6 ~ 30mm; Described kirsite tube outer diameter 20 ~ 125mm, wall thickness 3 ~ 25mm.
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| CN1886213A (en) * | 2003-10-03 | 2006-12-27 | 诺维尔里斯公司 | Belt casting method of non-ferrous and light metals and apparatus therefor |
| CN101890485A (en) * | 2010-06-08 | 2010-11-24 | 东北大学 | Continuous casting and extrusion forming method for magnesium alloy bar/wire rod |
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| CN1886213A (en) * | 2003-10-03 | 2006-12-27 | 诺维尔里斯公司 | Belt casting method of non-ferrous and light metals and apparatus therefor |
| CN101890485A (en) * | 2010-06-08 | 2010-11-24 | 东北大学 | Continuous casting and extrusion forming method for magnesium alloy bar/wire rod |
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