CN102813028B - Process for preparing composite instant tea - Google Patents
Process for preparing composite instant tea Download PDFInfo
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- CN102813028B CN102813028B CN 201210333017 CN201210333017A CN102813028B CN 102813028 B CN102813028 B CN 102813028B CN 201210333017 CN201210333017 CN 201210333017 CN 201210333017 A CN201210333017 A CN 201210333017A CN 102813028 B CN102813028 B CN 102813028B
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
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- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
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- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 22
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- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 235000013616 tea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 108010089934 carbohydrase Proteins 0.000 claims description 18
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 claims description 17
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 claims description 17
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 claims description 12
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 claims 3
- 238000009461 vacuum packaging Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 235000009024 Ceanothus sanguineus Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 8
- 240000003553 Leptospermum scoparium Species 0.000 abstract description 8
- 235000015459 Lycium barbarum Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
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- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 28
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 9
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- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 6
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- 102000030523 Catechol oxidase Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 108010031396 Catechol oxidase Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004500 asepsis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009455 aseptic packaging Methods 0.000 description 4
- RYYVLZVUVIJVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caffeine Chemical compound CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1N=CN2C RYYVLZVUVIJVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- LPHGQDQBBGAPDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isocaffeine Natural products CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1N(C)C=N2 LPHGQDQBBGAPDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 2
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- VJEONQKOZGKCAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N caffeine Natural products CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1C=CN2C VJEONQKOZGKCAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 1
- LPQOADBMXVRBNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ac1ldcw0 Chemical compound Cl.C1CN(C)CCN1C1=C(F)C=C2C(=O)C(C(O)=O)=CN3CCSC1=C32 LPQOADBMXVRBNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- Tea And Coffee (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a process for preparing composite instant tea. The process sequentially comprises the steps of picking, refrigeration and freshness retaining, smashing, digestion, combination and squeezing, enzyme extraction, precipitation and primary filtration, saccharification through saccharifying enzyme, duplex complex filtration, ceramic membrane ultra-filtration, dextrin thickening, high-temperature sterilization, vacuum spray-drying and vacuum packing. Compared with the prior art, thick and old fresh leaves of tea trees and wild indocalamus leaves are used as main materials, and novel processes including the 'refrigeration and freshness retaining', the hot-water digestion, extraction promotion through vitamin C (VC) antioxidant enzyme, the saccharification through the saccharifying enzyme, double-filtration impurity removal, ceramic membrane ultra-filtration and the vacuum drying are applied to prepare the composite instant tea.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation technology of beverage, be specifically related to a kind of fresh leaves of tea plant and indocalamus leaf (being commonly called as rice-pudding leaf) of utilizing as raw material, make a kind of production technology of composite instant tea.
Background technology
China is product tea the biggest in the world state, and more than 300 ten thousand hectares in tea place is arranged approximately, and only just there is more than 110,000 hectare in tea place in Anhui Province.The tea grower only plucks some tender fresh leaves of tea plant at present, and a large amount of thick Lao Ye stay on the tea tree, cause the tea resource wasting phenomenon.Analysis and research show that these coarse teas are set bright leaf, contain functional nutrient health substances such as a large amount of Tea Polyphenols, amino acid, caffeine, vitamin, can be widely used.
There are a large amount of wild indocalamus leaf resources in China in addition, and only Wannan mountainous area just has more than 1,000,000 mu of wild indocalamus leaf to distribute approximately, and these indocalamus leaves are only plucked sub-fraction as rice-pudding leaf bag pyramid-shaped dumpling, and the overwhelming majority all is grown on the mountain runs its course.
Goal of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of thick old bright leaf of tea tree, wild indocalamus leaf of utilizing and is the drink and production process of raw material.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a kind of preparation technology of composite instant tea may further comprise the steps successively: just filter operation, carbohydrase saccharification operation, duplex are filtered operation, pottery film ultrafiltration operation, dextrin enrichment operation, high-temperature sterilization operation, vacuum spray drying operation, vacuum-packed operation again to pluck operation, cold storing and fresh-keeping operation, pulverizing process, lixiviate operation, merging squeezing process, enzyme extraction process, precipitation
(1) plucks operation: the thick old bright leaf of the tea tree of harvesting, fresh indocalamus leaf.
(2) cold storing and fresh-keeping operation: the fresh leaves of tea plant that will adopt and bright indocalamus leaf are put into freezer and are carried out cold storing and fresh-keeping, and refrigerated storage temperature 3-5 ℃, wherein the refrigerated storage temperature in spring is 4-5 ℃, 3-4 ℃ of summer, autumns.The purpose of cold storing and fresh-keeping is that the maintenance freshness is prevented and treated oxidation, stops fermentation rotten.
(3) pulverizing process: tealeaves and the indocalamus leaf that will refrigerate after 3-4 hours drop into the pulverizer pulverizing, and pulverizing length is the smalls section of 1-1.5cm.
(4) lixiviate operation: the tealeaves after will pulverizing and respectively the indocalamus leaf carry out lixiviate:
Tealeaves divides second extraction:
For the first time: with the tealeaves that crushes, the vitamin(e) C sodium that adds the 0.5-0.6% of its weight, put into hot water again, extract 90-95 ℃ of temperature, 30-40 minutes time, material-water ratio 1:20, filter, obtain tealeaves filtrate and the tealeaves filter residue, the hot dipping of primary tealeaves is carried, can stop polyphenol oxidase oxydasis in the tealeaves, in case " red stain ";
Extract for the second time: the tealeaves filter residue is added the vitamin(e) C sodium of the 0.2-0.3% of tealeaves weight, put into hot water again, extraction temperature is 80-85 ℃, 20-30 minutes time, material-water ratio 1:10; Filter, merge the filtrate of 2 extractions, obtain tea extract; This time extract and be to prevent that " hot vexed flavor " influences quality.
The extraction of indocalamus leaf:
With the indocalamus leaf that crushes, put into hot water earlier, add 0.3% vitamin(e) C sodium of indocalamus leaf weight again, 85-95 ℃ of the extraction temperature of indocalamus leaf, 60-80 minutes time, material-water ratio 1:25(i.e. 1 kilogram of indocalamus leaf adds 25 kg of water), filter, obtain the indocalamus leaf extract.This time extract and to improve amino acid in the indocalamus leaf, flavonoid substance leaching rate.
(5) merge squeezing process: with tea extract and indocalamus leaf extract, 70% tea liquid merges with 30% indocalamus liquid and imports squeezer and carry out twice pressing by volume, obtains mixing pressed liquor, when squeezing 15-20 minutes at every turn, take hot pressing to press, temperature remains on 45-55 ℃.
(6) enzyme extraction process: add the cellulase extraction in mixing pressed liquor, obtain the enzyme extract, the cellulase addition is the 0.5-0.6% of pressed liquor weight, 40-46 ℃ of extraction temperature, and the extraction time is not less than 1 hour.
(7) the first filter operation of precipitation: with the enzyme extract at room temperature natural sedimentation be not less than 2 hours, carry out filter just with 400 order stainless steel filtering nets again, obtain first filtrate.
(8) carbohydrase saccharification operation: first filtrate is carried out saccharification react, obtain saccharification liquid, the carbohydrase addition is the 0.1-0.2% of first filtrate weight, 40-45 ℃ of saccharification temperatures, 35-40 minutes time.The saccharification react purpose is the saccharification by carbohydrase, further increases polysaccharose substance content in the feed liquid, improves sweet and tasty degree, reduces bitter taste.
(9) duplex is filtered operation again: the juice behind the saccharification react is carried out the duplex separating and filtering, obtain multiple filtrate, and the first 800 orders, second 1000 order, pressure is at 0.1-0.15Mpa.Multiple filter is to make some impurity in the juice, fibre object, and macromolecular substances fully separates, to keep extracting the juice degree of purity.
(10) pottery film ultrafiltration operation: will answer filtrate and carry out ultrafiltration through the ceramic membrane ultrafitration machine again, the aperture of ceramic membrane is 0.01um, and pressure 0.2-0.3Mpa obtains ultrafiltrate.Through the instant tea after the ultrafiltration, limpid pure after brewing, there is not any sediment.
(11) dextrin enrichment operation: in ultrafiltrate, add the dextrin of its weight 5-10%, mix, obtain enrichment juice, because through the juice of ultra filtration, concentration is rarer, must use dextrin increases concentration, its effect has 2 points: the first, increase sap concentration, and be easy to spray-drying.The second, extract is behind saccharification react, and viscosity is higher, and dextrin can be reconciled viscosity, is convenient to the moulding of dusting.
(12) high-temperature sterilization operation: enrichment juice is sterilized, obtain the juice of sterilizing, 105-121 ℃ of sterilising temps, owing to through above-mentioned several procedures, can produce secondary pollution and must adopt ultra high temperature short time sterilization, guarantee that microorganism does not exceed standard at 15-20 seconds time
(13) vacuum spray drying operation: the juice of will sterilizing carries out the spray dryer drying, 50-55 ℃ of temperature of charge, and atomisation pressure 0.1-0.12Mpa makes powder water content≤5%.
(14) vacuum-packed operation: the powdery instant tea after the spray-drying, carry out the aseptic packaging of aluminium type complex pocket with the asepsis vacuum packing machine, this moment, the instant tea water content was 5-5.5%, vacuum packaging can guarantee that water content is stable, is not polluted again.Usually vacuum packaging bag sack 20kg/ wraps, pouch 5kg/ bag, its 12 months product room temperature storage shelf-lifves.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1. the raw materials for production cost is low
Used raw materials for production are the thick old bright leaf of tea tree and wild indocalamus leaf, and it is with low cost, and wide material sources have been realized turning waste into wealth, and take full advantage of tealeaves and indocalamus leaf characteristics of resources.
2. extraction yield height
In extraction process, adopted the enzyme extraction process, added cellulase, the cellulose in tealeaves and the indocalamus leaf is degraded, improved extraction yield.After testing, can improve recovery rate about 10% usually.
3. saccharification react improves mouthfeel: in extraction process, increase the carbohydrase saccharification react, polysaccharose substance is transformed be decomposed into monose, be conducive to alleviate bitter taste, improve sweet and tasty degree, improve mouthfeel, optimize quality.
4. superior in quality: the composite instant tea of production and processing of the present invention, it is Powdered that profile is, and color and luster is greenish-yellow, and flavour is pure and sweet tasty and refreshing, is soluble in hot and cold water, and limpid bright.Main physical and chemical index is: moisture≤5.5%, Tea Polyphenols 〉=25.5%, caffeine 〉=2.5%, amino acid 〉=3.5%, vitamin 〉=0.25%; Flavonoids 〉=0.18%.When drinking, not only present the excellent green tea quality and flavor, and leaf of bamboo delicate fragrance slightly, its color is all good.
5. product purpose is extensive: the composite instant tea of production and processing of the present invention, and both can directly brew and drink, also can be used as beverage, cold tea, milk tea, health protection tea major ingredient, also can be used as the auxiliary material of daily products such as cosmetics, toothpaste, washing agent, its purposes is very extensive.
The specific embodiment
Do detailed explanation below in conjunction with the present invention of embodiment
Cellulase of the present invention, carbohydrase are produced by Shandong Anke Bioengineering Co., Ltd..
Embodiment 1:
(1) plucks operation: pluck the thick old bright leaf of tea tree in 3-4 month in spring, fresh indocalamus leaf.
(2) cold storing and fresh-keeping operation: the fresh leaves of tea plant that will adopt and bright leaf indocalamus leaf are put into freezer and are carried out cold storing and fresh-keeping, and refrigerated storage temperature is 4-5 ℃.The purpose of cold storing and fresh-keeping is that the maintenance freshness is prevented and treated oxidation, stops fermentation rotten.
(3) pulverizing process: tealeaves and the indocalamus leaf that will refrigerate after 3-4 hours drop into the pulverizer pulverizing, and pulverizing length is the smalls section of 1-1.5cm.
(4) lixiviate operation: the tealeaves after will pulverizing and respectively the indocalamus leaf carry out lixiviate:
Tealeaves divides second extraction:
For the first time: with the tealeaves that crushes, 0.6% the vitamin(e) C sodium that adds tealeaves weight, put into hot water again, extract 90-95 ℃ of temperature, 30-40 minutes time, material-water ratio 1:20, filter, obtain tealeaves filtrate and the tealeaves filter residue, the hot dipping of primary tealeaves is carried, can stop polyphenol oxidase oxydasis in the tealeaves, in case " red stain ";
Extract for the second time: the tealeaves filter residue is added 0.2% vitamin(e) C sodium of its weight, put into hot water again, extraction temperature is 80-85 ℃, 20-30 minutes time, material-water ratio 1:10; Filter, merge the filtrate of 2 extractions, obtain tea extract; This time extract and be to prevent that " hot vexed flavor " influences quality.
The extraction of indocalamus leaf:
With the indocalamus leaf that crushes, put into hot water earlier, add 0.3% vitamin(e) C sodium of indocalamus leaf weight again, 85-95 ℃ of the extraction temperature of indocalamus leaf, 60-80 minutes time, material-water ratio 1:25(i.e. 1 kilogram of indocalamus leaf adds 25 kg of water), filter, obtain the indocalamus leaf extract.This time extract and to improve amino acid in the indocalamus leaf, flavonoid substance leaching rate.
(5) merge squeezing process: with tea extract and indocalamus leaf extract, 70% tea liquid merges with 30% indocalamus liquid and imports squeezer and carry out twice pressing by volume, obtains mixing pressed liquor, when squeezing 15-20 minutes at every turn, take hot pressing to press, temperature remains on 45-55 ℃.
(6) enzyme extraction process: add the cellulase extraction in mixing pressed liquor, obtain the enzyme extract, the cellulase addition is 0.5% of pressed liquor weight, 42-46 ℃ of extraction temperature, and the extraction time is 1 hour.
(7) the first filter operation of precipitation: with the natural sedimentation 2 hours at room temperature of enzyme extract, carry out filter just with 400 order stainless steel filtering nets again, obtain first filtrate.
(8) carbohydrase saccharification operation: first filtrate is carried out saccharification react, obtain saccharification liquid, the carbohydrase addition is 0.1% of first filtrate weight, 40-45 ℃ of saccharification temperatures, 35-40 minutes time.The saccharification react purpose is the saccharification by carbohydrase, further increases polysaccharose substance content in the feed liquid, improves sweet and tasty degree, reduces bitter taste.
(9) duplex is filtered operation again: the juice behind the saccharification react is carried out the duplex separating and filtering, obtain multiple filtrate, and the first 800 orders, second 1000 order, pressure is at 0.1-0.15Mpa.Multiple filter is to make some impurity in the juice, fibre object, and macromolecular substances fully separates, to keep extracting the juice degree of purity.
(10) pottery film ultrafiltration operation: will answer filtrate and carry out ultrafiltration through the ceramic membrane ultrafitration machine again, the aperture of ceramic membrane is 0.01um, and pressure 0.2-0.3Mpa obtains ultrafiltrate.Through the instant tea after the ultrafiltration, limpid pure after brewing, there is not any sediment.
(11) dextrin enrichment operation: in ultrafiltrate, add the dextrin of its weight 5%, mix, obtain enrichment juice, because through the juice of ultra filtration, concentration is rarer, must use dextrin increases concentration, its effect has 2 points: the first, increase sap concentration, and be easy to spray-drying.The second, extract is behind saccharification react, and viscosity is higher, and dextrin can be reconciled viscosity, is convenient to the moulding of dusting.
(12) high-temperature sterilization operation: enrichment juice is sterilized, obtain the juice of sterilizing, 105-121 ℃ of sterilising temps, owing to through above-mentioned several procedures, can produce secondary pollution and must adopt ultra high temperature short time sterilization, guarantee that microorganism does not exceed standard at 15-20 seconds time
(13) vacuum spray drying operation: the juice of will sterilizing carries out the spray dryer drying, 50-55 ℃ of temperature of charge, and atomisation pressure 0.1-0.12Mpa makes powder water content≤5%.
(14) vacuum-packed operation: the powdery instant tea after the spray-drying, carry out the aseptic packaging of aluminium type complex pocket with the asepsis vacuum packing machine, this moment, the instant tea water content was 5-5.5%, vacuum packaging can guarantee that water content is stable, is not polluted again.Usually vacuum packaging bag sack 20kg/ wraps, pouch 5kg/ bag, its 12 months product room temperature storage shelf-lifves.
Embodiment 2:
(1) plucks operation: pluck the thick old bright leaf of tea tree in 5-6 month in summer, fresh indocalamus leaf.
(2) cold storing and fresh-keeping operation: the fresh leaves of tea plant that will adopt and bright leaf indocalamus leaf are put into freezer and are carried out cold storing and fresh-keeping, refrigerated storage temperature 3-5 ℃.The purpose of cold storing and fresh-keeping is that the maintenance freshness is prevented and treated oxidation, stops fermentation rotten.
(3) pulverizing process: tealeaves and the indocalamus leaf that will refrigerate after 3-4 hours drop into the pulverizer pulverizing respectively, and pulverizing length is the smalls section of 1-1.5cm.
(4) lixiviate operation: the tealeaves after will pulverizing and respectively the indocalamus leaf carry out lixiviate:
Tealeaves divides second extraction:
For the first time: with the tealeaves that crushes, 0.5% the vitamin(e) C sodium that adds tealeaves weight, put into hot water again, extract 90-95 ℃ of temperature, 30-40 minutes time, material-water ratio 1:20, filter, obtain tealeaves filtrate and the tealeaves filter residue, the hot dipping of primary tealeaves is carried, can stop polyphenol oxidase oxydasis in the tealeaves, in case " red stain ";
Extract for the second time: the tealeaves filter residue is added 0.3% vitamin(e) C sodium of its weight, put into hot water again, extraction temperature is 80-85 ℃, 20-30 minutes time, material-water ratio 1:10; Filter, merge the filtrate of 2 extractions, obtain tea extract; This time extract and be to prevent that " hot vexed flavor " influences quality.
The extraction of indocalamus leaf:
With the indocalamus leaf that crushes, put into hot water earlier, add 0.3% vitamin(e) C sodium of indocalamus leaf weight again, 85-95 ℃ of the extraction temperature of indocalamus leaf, 60-80 minutes time, material-water ratio 1:25(i.e. 1 kilogram of indocalamus leaf adds 25 kg of water), filter, obtain the indocalamus leaf extract.This time can improve amino acid in the indocalamus leaf, flavonoid substance leaching rate.
(5) merge squeezing process: with tea extract and indocalamus leaf extract, 70% tea liquid merges with 30% indocalamus liquid and imports squeezer and carry out twice pressing by volume, obtains mixing pressed liquor, when squeezing 15-20 minutes at every turn, take hot pressing to press, temperature remains on 45-55 ℃.
(6) enzyme extraction process: add the cellulase extraction in mixing pressed liquor, obtain the enzyme extract, the cellulase addition is 0.6% of pressed liquor weight, 40-45 ℃ of extraction temperature, and the extraction time is 1 hour.
(7) the first filter operation of precipitation: with the natural sedimentation 2 hours at room temperature of enzyme extract, carry out filter just with 400 order stainless steel filtering nets again, obtain first filtrate.
(8) carbohydrase saccharification operation: first filtrate is carried out saccharification react, obtain saccharification liquid, the carbohydrase addition is 0.15% of first filtrate weight, 40-45 ℃ of saccharification temperatures, 35-40 minutes time.The saccharification react purpose is the saccharification by carbohydrase, further increases polysaccharose substance content in the feed liquid, improves sweet and tasty degree, reduces bitter taste.
(9) duplex is filtered operation again: the juice behind the saccharification react is carried out the duplex separating and filtering, obtain multiple filtrate, and the first 800 orders, second 1000 order, pressure is at 0.1-0.15Mpa.Multiple filter is to make some impurity in the juice, fibre object, and macromolecular substances fully separates, to keep extracting the juice degree of purity.
(10) pottery film ultrafiltration operation: will answer filtrate and carry out ultrafiltration through the ceramic membrane ultrafitration machine again, the aperture of ceramic membrane is 0.01um, and pressure 0.2-0.3Mpa obtains ultrafiltrate.Through the instant tea after the ultrafiltration, limpid pure after brewing, there is not any sediment.
(11) dextrin enrichment operation: add the dextrin of its weight 8% in ultrafiltrate, mix, obtain enrichment juice, owing to the juice through ultra filtration, concentration is rarer, and must use dextrin increases concentration.
(12) high-temperature sterilization operation: enrichment juice is sterilized, obtain the juice of sterilizing, 105-121 ℃ of sterilising temps, owing to through above-mentioned several procedures, can produce secondary pollution and must adopt ultra high temperature short time sterilization, guarantee that microorganism does not exceed standard at 15-20 seconds time
(13) vacuum spray drying operation: the juice of will sterilizing carries out the spray dryer drying, 50-55 ℃ of temperature of charge, and atomisation pressure 0.1-0.12Mpa makes powder water content≤5%.
(14) vacuum-packed operation: the powdery instant tea after the spray-drying, carry out the aseptic packaging of aluminium type complex pocket with the asepsis vacuum packing machine, this moment, the instant tea water content was 5-5.5%, vacuum packaging can guarantee that water content is stable, is not polluted again.Usually vacuum packaging bag sack 20kg/ wraps, pouch 5kg/ bag, its 12 months product room temperature storage shelf-lifves.
Embodiment 3:
(1) plucks operation: pluck the thick old bright leaf of tea tree in 9-10 month in autumn, fresh indocalamus leaf.
(2) cold storing and fresh-keeping operation: the fresh leaves of tea plant that will adopt and bright leaf indocalamus leaf are put into freezer and are carried out cold storing and fresh-keeping, 3-4 ℃ of refrigerated storage temperatures.The purpose of cold storing and fresh-keeping is that the maintenance freshness is prevented and treated oxidation, stops fermentation rotten.
(3) pulverizing process: tealeaves and the indocalamus leaf that will refrigerate after 3-4 hours drop into the pulverizer pulverizing respectively, and pulverizing length is the smalls section of 1-1.5cm.
(4) lixiviate operation: the tealeaves after will pulverizing and respectively the indocalamus leaf carry out lixiviate:
Tealeaves divides second extraction:
For the first time: with the tealeaves that crushes, 0.6% the vitamin(e) C sodium that adds tealeaves weight, put into hot water again, extract 90-95 ℃ of temperature, 30-40 minutes time, material-water ratio 1:20, filter, obtain tealeaves filtrate and the tealeaves filter residue, the hot dipping of primary tealeaves is carried, can stop polyphenol oxidase oxydasis in the tealeaves, in case " red stain ";
Extract for the second time: the tealeaves filter residue is added 0.2% vitamin(e) C sodium of tealeaves weight, put into hot water again, extraction temperature is 80-85 ℃, 20-30 minutes time, material-water ratio 1:10; Filter, merge the filtrate of 2 extractions, obtain tea extract; This time extract and be to prevent that " hot vexed flavor " influences quality.
The extraction of indocalamus leaf:
With the indocalamus leaf that crushes, put into hot water earlier, add 0.3% vitamin(e) C sodium of indocalamus leaf weight again, 85-95 ℃ of the extraction temperature of indocalamus leaf, 60-80 minutes time, material-water ratio 1:25(i.e. 1 kilogram of indocalamus leaf adds 25 kg of water), filter, obtain the indocalamus leaf extract.This time improve and to improve amino acid in the indocalamus leaf, flavonoid substance leaching rate.
(5) merge squeezing process: with tea extract and indocalamus leaf extract, 70% tea liquid merges with 30% indocalamus liquid and imports squeezer and carry out twice pressing by volume, obtains mixing pressed liquor, when squeezing 15-20 minutes at every turn, take hot pressing to press, temperature remains on 45-55 ℃.
(6) enzyme extraction process: add cellulase and extract in mixing pressed liquor, obtain the enzyme extract, the cellulase addition is 0.6% of pressed liquor weight, 40-46 ℃ of extraction temperature, and the extraction time is 1 hour.
(7) the first filter operation of precipitation: with the natural sedimentation 2 hours at room temperature of enzyme extract, carry out filter just with 400 order stainless steel filtering nets again, obtain first filtrate.
(8) carbohydrase saccharification operation: first filtrate is carried out saccharification react, obtain saccharification liquid, the carbohydrase addition is 0.2% of first filtrate weight, 40-45 ℃ of saccharification temperatures, 35-40 minutes time.The saccharification react purpose is the saccharification by carbohydrase, further increases polysaccharose substance content in the feed liquid, improves sweet and tasty degree, reduces bitter taste.
(9) duplex is filtered operation again: the juice behind the saccharification react is carried out the duplex separating and filtering, obtain multiple filtrate, and the first 800 orders, second 1000 order, pressure is at 0.1-0.15pma.Multiple filter is to make some impurity in the juice, fibre object, and macromolecular substances fully separates, to keep extracting the juice degree of purity.
(10) pottery film ultrafiltration operation: will answer filtrate and carry out ultrafiltration through the ceramic membrane ultrafitration machine again, the aperture of ceramic membrane is 0.01um, and pressure 0.2-0.3Mpa obtains ultrafiltrate.Through the instant tea after the ultrafiltration, limpid pure after brewing, there is not any sediment.
(11) dextrin enrichment operation: in ultrafiltrate, add the dextrin of its weight 10%, mix, obtain enrichment juice, because through the juice of ultra filtration, concentration is rarer, must use dextrin increases concentration, its effect has 2 points: the first, increase sap concentration, and be easy to spray-drying.The second, extract is behind saccharification react, and viscosity is higher, and dextrin can be reconciled viscosity, is convenient to the moulding of dusting.
(12) high-temperature sterilization operation: enrichment juice is sterilized, obtain the juice of sterilizing, 105-121 ℃ of sterilising temps, owing to through above-mentioned several procedures, can produce secondary pollution and must adopt ultra high temperature short time sterilization, guarantee that microorganism does not exceed standard at 15-20 seconds time
(13) vacuum spray drying operation: the juice of will sterilizing carries out the spray dryer drying, 50-55 ℃ of temperature of charge, and atomisation pressure 0.1-0.12Mpa makes powder water content≤5%.
(14) vacuum-packed operation: the powdery instant tea after the spray-drying, carry out the aseptic packaging of aluminium type complex pocket with the asepsis vacuum packing machine, this moment, the instant tea water content was 5-5.5%, vacuum packaging can guarantee that water content is stable, is not polluted again.Usually vacuum packaging bag sack 20kg/ wraps, pouch 5kg/ bag, its 12 months product room temperature storage shelf-lifves.
Embodiment 4:
The composite instant tea Quality Detection of embodiment 1,2,3 mades is as follows:
Table 1 composite instant tea profile, endoplasm qualitative characteristics
| Quality and quality performance | |
| Profile | Green-yellow is Powdered to yellow green, does not have caking |
| Fragrance | Have the pure fragrance of green tea, slightly contain leaf of bamboo delicate fragrance |
| Flavour | Mellow sweet and tasty, no bitter taste |
| The soup look | Yellow green, limpid bright, deposit-free |
| Dissolubility | Be dissolved in hot water fast, also be dissolved in cold water |
Table 2 composite instant tea physical and chemical quality feature
The main health quality of table 3 composite instant tea situation
| Project | Index |
| Copper mg/kg | 4.5-5 |
| Plumbous mg/kg | 15-20 |
| Arsenic mg/kg | 0.1-0.2 |
| Mercury mg/kg | 0.1-0.2 |
| Rare earth mg/kg | 1.5-2.0 |
| Mould and yeast cfu/ml | ≤100 |
| Coliform MPN/100ml | ≤50 |
| Pathogenic bacteria | Must not detect |
In sum, by the composite instant tea that above-mentioned processes is made, no matter be outward appearance, endoplasm, still main physical and chemical index all reaches high-grade high-quality instant tea standard, can be applicable.
Claims (3)
1. the preparation technology of a composite instant tea may further comprise the steps successively: pluck operation, cold storing and fresh-keeping operation, pulverizing process, lixiviate operation, just filter operation, carbohydrase saccharification operation, duplex are filtered operation, pottery film ultrafiltration operation, dextrin enrichment operation, high-temperature sterilization operation, vacuum spray drying operation, vacuum-packed operation again to merge squeezing process, enzyme extraction process, precipitation;
Described lixiviate operation: the tealeaves after will pulverizing and indocalamus leaf carry out lixiviate respectively:
Tealeaves divides second extraction:
For the first time: with the tealeaves that crushes, add the vitamin(e) C sodium of the 0.5-0.6% of tealeaves weight, put into hot water again, extract 90-95 ℃ of temperature, 30-40 minutes time, material-water ratio 1:20 filters, and obtains tealeaves filtrate and tealeaves filter residue;
Extract for the second time: the tealeaves filter residue is added the vitamin(e) C sodium of the 0.2-0.3% of its weight, put into hot water again, extraction temperature is 80-85 ℃, 20-30 minutes time, material-water ratio 1:10; Filter, merge the filtrate of 2 extractions, obtain tea extract;
The extraction of indocalamus leaf:
With the indocalamus leaf that crushes, put into hot water earlier, add 0.3% vitamin(e) C sodium of indocalamus leaf weight again, 85-95 ℃ of the extraction temperature of indocalamus leaf, 60-80 minutes time, material-water ratio 1:25 filters, and obtains the indocalamus leaf extract;
Described merging squeezing process: with tea extract and indocalamus leaf extract, 70% tea liquid merges with 30% indocalamus liquid and imports squeezer and carry out twice pressing by volume, obtains mixing pressed liquor, when squeezing 15-20 minutes at every turn, take hot pressing to press, temperature remains on 45-55 ℃;
Described enzyme extraction process: add the cellulase extraction in mixing pressed liquor, obtain the enzyme extract, the cellulase addition is the 0.5-0.6% of pressed liquor weight, extracts 40-46 ℃ of temperature, and the extraction time is not less than 1 hour;
Described precipitation is just filtered operation: with the enzyme extract at room temperature natural sedimentation be not less than 2 hours, carry out filter just with 400 order stainless steel filtering nets again, obtain filtrate just;
Described carbohydrase saccharification operation: first filtrate is carried out saccharification react, obtain saccharification liquid, the carbohydrase addition is the 0.1-0.2% of first filtrate weight, 40-45 ℃ of saccharification temperatures, 35-40 minutes time;
Described duplex is filtered operation again: the juice behind the saccharification react carried out the duplex separating and filtering, obtains multiple filtrate, and the first 800 orders, second 1000 order, pressure is at 0.1-0.15Mpa;
Described dextrin enrichment operation: in ultrafiltrate, add the dextrin of its weight 5-10%, mix, obtain enrichment juice.
2. the preparation technology of a kind of composite instant tea according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described high-temperature sterilization operation: enrichment juice is sterilized, obtain the juice of sterilizing, 105-121 ℃ of sterilising temps, 15-20 seconds time.
3. the preparation technology of a kind of composite instant tea according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
Described vacuum spray drying operation: the juice of will sterilizing carries out the spray dryer drying, 50-55 ℃ of temperature of charge, and atomisation pressure 0.1-0.12Mpa makes powder water content≤5%.
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