CN102811868B - 车辆充气轮胎 - Google Patents

车辆充气轮胎 Download PDF

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CN102811868B
CN102811868B CN201080060874.6A CN201080060874A CN102811868B CN 102811868 B CN102811868 B CN 102811868B CN 201080060874 A CN201080060874 A CN 201080060874A CN 102811868 B CN102811868 B CN 102811868B
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tension
cordline
band
reinforces
pneumatic vehicle
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CN102811868A (zh
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维克托·布吕梅尔
拉法尔·诺耶克
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Continental Tire Germany Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C19/00—Tyre parts or constructions not otherwise provided for
    • B60C19/12—Puncture preventing arrangements
    • B60C19/122—Puncture preventing arrangements disposed inside of the inner liner
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C17/00—Tyres characterised by means enabling restricted operation in damaged or deflated condition; Accessories therefor
    • B60C17/0009—Tyres characterised by means enabling restricted operation in damaged or deflated condition; Accessories therefor comprising sidewall rubber inserts, e.g. crescent shaped inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C19/00—Tyre parts or constructions not otherwise provided for
    • B60C19/12—Puncture preventing arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C9/00—Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
    • B60C9/18—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers
    • B60C9/20—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel
    • B60C9/2003—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel characterised by the materials of the belt cords
    • B60C9/2009—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel characterised by the materials of the belt cords comprising plies of different materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C9/00—Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
    • B60C9/18—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers
    • B60C9/20—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel
    • B60C9/22—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel the plies being arranged with all cords disposed along the circumference of the tyre
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C9/00—Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
    • B60C9/18—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers
    • B60C9/20—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel
    • B60C2009/2048—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel characterised by special physical properties of the belt plies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C9/00—Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
    • B60C9/18—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers
    • B60C9/20—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel
    • B60C2009/2048—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel characterised by special physical properties of the belt plies
    • B60C2009/2051—Modulus of the ply
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C9/00—Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
    • B60C9/18—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers
    • B60C9/20—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel
    • B60C9/22—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel the plies being arranged with all cords disposed along the circumference of the tyre
    • B60C2009/2228—Structure or arrangement of belts or breakers, crown-reinforcing or cushioning layers built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel the plies being arranged with all cords disposed along the circumference of the tyre characterised by special physical properties of the zero degree plies
    • B60C2009/2233—Modulus of the zero degree ply
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T152/00—Resilient tires and wheels
    • Y10T152/10—Tires, resilient
    • Y10T152/10495—Pneumatic tire or inner tube
    • Y10T152/10765—Characterized by belt or breaker structure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T152/00—Resilient tires and wheels
    • Y10T152/10—Tires, resilient
    • Y10T152/10495—Pneumatic tire or inner tube
    • Y10T152/10765—Characterized by belt or breaker structure
    • Y10T152/1081—Breaker or belt characterized by the chemical composition or physical properties of elastomer or the like

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Tires In General (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种车辆充气轮胎，包括以一个角度相交的至少两个拉紧帘线层，以及一个束带。这些拉紧帘线层的增强物排他地由钢制成，在一个1%的预定伸长率下，每个拉紧帘线层具有每分米宽度<17500N的张力，并且这些拉紧帘线层的增强物处于至轮胎的圆周方向的一个18°与45°之间的角度。该束带的这些增强物包括一种非金属材料，优选为聚酯、尼龙或者一种混合帘线，并且在一个1%的预定伸长率下该束带具有每分米宽度>2000N的总张力。

Description

车辆充气轮胎
技术领域
本发明涉及一种车辆充气轮胎，该轮胎包括以一个角度相交的并具有钢制增强物的两个或更多个拉紧帘线层，并且包括具有一个或多个帘线层的并且具有增强物的一个束带。
背景技术
车辆充气轮胎的结构对本领域的技术人员而言是充分熟知的。子午线轮胎包括一个帘带并且通常包括一个束带。
包括以一个角度相交的两个或更多个拉紧帘线层的这个帘带在纵向和横向上提供了胎面的刚性。这用于在驾驶过程中的力传递，并且用于改进侧面导向作用以及减少轮胎的磨损。包括一个或多个圆周地定向的帘线层的这个束带主要用于在圆周方向上的额外地吸收力，以便例如限制在轮胎运转过程中由离心力造成的轮胎膨胀。束带可以覆盖该帘带，或者束带可以作为一个整体或多个单独的带层而定位在这些拉紧帘线层之间或之下。
当前已知并且常见的是使用钢帘线作为帘带中拉紧帘线层的增强物。这些钢帘线被安排为在该增强帘线层之内彼此基本平行且彼此间隔开一段距离，并且被嵌入到橡胶材料中。安装到乘用车轮胎中的拉紧帘线层通常具有结构为2×0.30mm的钢帘线（对于80epdm或更大的经纬密度（Einstellung））。2×0.30mm的帘线结构意味着，将两根直径为0.30mm的线丝（单丝）捻在一起形成一条帘线，这样使得这条帘线具有约0.60mm的直径。这些具有这一直径的帘线被嵌入到橡胶中以形成多个帘线层。帘线直径越大，用于嵌入这些帘线所需要的橡胶就越多，每个拉紧帘线层就越重，并且轮胎也就越重。上述拉紧帘线层被构造的方式是，在一个1%的预定伸长率下，它具有大于每分米宽度17500N的张力。具有上述钢帘线的拉紧帘线层的一个缺点是，它们在重量方面相对较重并且在材料方面较昂贵。
类似地，现在已知且常见的是将束带与钢帘带结合使用。安装在乘用车轮胎中的束带通常具有一层或两层的对于80epdm有940×2结构的橡胶化的尼龙帘线。这样一种束带被构造的方式为，在帘线的纵向延伸方向上的一个一个1%的预定伸长率下，形成小于或等于每分米宽度约1500N的力。通常使用尼龙是因为这种材料具有热收缩性，也就是当受热时它会收缩。在轮胎的固化过程中和高速运转过程中这都是有利的，因为束带于是就帮助将该帘带组件保持在一起。此外，这防止束带在运转中经受压缩，而这种压缩对束带的疲劳强度是不利的并且可能导致束带材料的断裂。
在轮胎开发中不断地努力试图实现一种轻量的低成本轮胎，通过这种轮胎却将性能保持在高水平上。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目的是提供一种轻量的、却仍有良好性能的、低成本的车辆充气轮胎。
这个目的是通过以下方式实现的：在这些增强物的纵向延伸方向上一个1%的预定伸长率下，每个拉紧帘线层具有每分米宽度<17500N的张力，这些拉紧帘线层的增强物与轮胎的圆周方向成一个18°到45°的角度，该束带的这些增强物是一种非金属材料并且具有热收缩性，并且在一个1%的预定伸长率下该束带作为一个整体具有每分米宽度>2000N的张力。
本发明实现了以下效果，即在这些拉紧帘线层中使用了具有减小的重量的多个增强物，其减小的模量是通过在束带伸长的情况下相对高的力聚集作用而得以补偿的。例如可以通过减少每分米所使用的增强物的数目、或者通过减小所使用的增强物的直径来实现成本和重量的节省。这些拉紧帘线层的增强物可以包括被捻搓以便形成帘线的多个单丝，每个单丝具有例如小于0.24mm的直径并且其经纬密度小于或等于80epdm，或者每个单丝由直径小于0.30mm的单独的线丝组成。
获得了高性能是因为在轮胎运转过程中获得了适当的动态地面接触面积。在这些拉紧帘线层中使用具有减小的直径的多个增强物有利地具有减小车辆充气轮胎重量的效果。根据本发明的轮胎是低成本的，由于其减小的重量而具有改进的滚动阻力的，并且另外还具有改进的高速适应性。
有利的是，拉紧帘线层的这些增强物是高张力（HT）或超高张力（UHT）的强度范围内的帘线。取决于单丝的直径，高张力范围内的增强物具有约3000Mpa到3500Mpa的断裂强度，而对应的超高张力范围内的增强物具有约500Mpa或更高的强度。
束带的这些增强物优选是来自聚酯和尼龙类的材料。类似地可以使用人造纤维、溶纺纤维素纤维、PVA、PEN、POK、高强度聚芳酯纤维、或芳族聚酰胺与聚酯或尼龙的多种杂合结构。重要的是，增强物的至少一种材料具有热收缩特性。
重要的是，根据本发明，拉紧帘线层的增强物和束带的增强物的结构被做成彼此匹配，以便在轮胎的运转过程中获得适当的动态地面接触面积。束带可以是缠绕的并具有带空隙的缠绕样式，其方式降低了有效帘线密度。
由于根据本发明的轮胎重量得以减轻，它适合用于相对较重的泄气保用轮胎，如SSR轮胎或具有安排在轮胎内层的径向内部上的一个自粘合的黏性密封层的轮胎
这些泄气保用轮胎的“额外重量”可以有利地通过上述这种拉紧帘线层与束带的结构得以补偿。SSR（自支撑泄气保用）轮胎是在侧壁中具有多个增强型材的轮胎，其中即使该轮胎被放气它仍在一定距离上保持自支撑。具有定位在胎肩之间的在轮胎内层上胎面橡胶之下的一个密封层的轮胎的突出之处在于，当异物穿透了车辆充气轮胎的胎面时，它被该密封层包裹并且通过几乎立即形成的一种密封作用来防止可能的空气流失。
具有225/45R17轮胎尺寸的乘用车轮胎的、根据本发明的结构的一个优选实例具有对于约80epdm的2×0.175结构的HT钢帘线的一个2帘线层的帘带，这些HT钢帘线与轮胎的圆周方向形成了一个28°的角度，并且具有对于约105epdm的1440×2结构的聚酯帘线的一个1帘线层的束带，这些聚酯帘线大致安排在轮胎的圆周方向上并且覆盖了这些拉紧帘线层。在这些增强物的纵向延伸方向上一个1%的预定伸长率下，每个拉紧帘线层具有每分米宽度约8700N的张力，并且在一个1%的预定伸长率下该束带具有每分米宽度约2000N的张力。在乘用车轮胎的运转过程中，获得了一个适当的动态地面接触面积。
根据本发明的车辆充气轮胎可以是一种乘用车、厢式货车或轻型卡车轮胎。
根据本发明的一种车辆充气轮胎在其最一般的形式下具有以一个角度相交的并具有增强物的两个或更多个拉紧帘线层，还以及具有一个或多个帘线层的并具有多个增强物的一个束带，这些拉紧帘线层和该束带的这些增强物是被安排为彼此基本平行且彼此间隔开一段距离的并且是被嵌入到橡胶材料中的，并且在这些增强物的纵向延伸方向上一个1%的预定伸长率下，每个拉紧帘线层具有每分米宽度<17500N的张力，并且这些拉紧帘线层的增强物是与轮胎的圆周方向成一个18°到45°的角度，并且该束带的这些增强物是被安排为在该增强帘线层之内大致在轮胎的圆周方向上的并且是一种具有热收缩性的材料，并且在一个1%的预定伸长率下该束带作为一个整体具有每分米宽度>2000N的张力。权利要求1至9的特征可以是权利要求10的主题的优选实施方案。

Claims (11)

1.一种车辆充气轮胎，包括以一个角度相交的并具有增强物的两个或更多个拉紧帘线层，并且包括具有一个或多个帘线层的并具有多个增强物的一个束带，其中这些拉紧帘线层的增强物是排它地钢质的、是被安排为在每个拉紧帘线层中彼此基本平行且彼此间隔开一段距离的、并且是被嵌入到橡胶材料中的，
其特征在于，在这些增强物的纵向延伸方向上一个1％的预定伸长率下，每个拉紧帘线层具有每分米宽度<17500N的张力，
这些拉紧帘线层的增强物与轮胎的圆周方向成一个18°到45°的角度，
并且，该束带的这些增强物是一种非金属材料、是被安排为在该增强帘线层之内基本彼此平行的并且在轮胎大致的圆周方向上彼此间隔开一个距离、并且是具有热收缩性的，
并且，在一个1％的预定伸长率下，该束带作为一个整体具有每分米宽度>2000N的张力。
2.根据权利要求1所述的车辆充气轮胎，其特征在于，该拉紧帘线层的这些增强物是高张力(HT)或超高张力(UHT)的强度范围内的钢帘线。
3.根据权利要求1所述的车辆充气轮胎，其特征在于，该束带的这些增强物是来自聚酯或尼龙类的材料，或者是人造纤维、溶纺纤维素纤维、PVA、PEN、POK、高强度聚芳酯纤维、或芳族聚酰胺与聚酯或尼龙的多种杂合结构。
4.根据权利要求2所述的车辆充气轮胎，其特征在于，该拉紧帘线层的这些帘线具有2×0.175的结构，并且在每个拉紧帘线层中被安排为110末端数每分米(epdm)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的车辆充气轮胎，其特征在于，该束带的增强物是具有对于105末端数每分米(epdm)的1440×2结构的聚酯帘线。
6.根据权利要求1所述的车辆充气轮胎，其特征在于，每个拉紧帘线层的这些增强物与轮胎的圆周方向形成27°到35°的一个角度。
7.根据权利要求6所述的车辆充气轮胎，其特征在于，每个拉紧帘线层的这些增强物与轮胎的圆周方向形成28°的一个角度。
8.根据权利要求1所述的车辆充气轮胎，其特征在于，这些拉紧帘线层是切割的拉紧帘线层。
9.根据以上权利要求中的一项所述的车辆充气轮胎，其特征在于，该车辆充气轮胎具有泄气保用的特性，这是被安排在胎肩区域中的帘带之下以及轮胎的侧壁之内的、并且在侧壁的周边上环形地封闭的、月牙形截面的多个增强型材的结果。
10.根据权利要求1至8中的一项所述的车辆充气轮胎，其特征在于，该车辆充气轮胎在轮胎内层的径向内部具有一个自粘合的黏性密封层。
11.一种车辆充气轮胎，包括以一个角度相交的并具有增强物的两个或更多个拉紧帘线层，并且包括具有一个或多个帘线层的并具有多个增强物的一个束带，其中这些拉紧帘线层和该束带的这些增强物是被安排为彼此基本平行且彼此间隔开一段距离的并且是被嵌入到橡胶材料中的，并且其中在这些增强物的纵向延伸方向上一个1％的预定伸长率下，每个拉紧帘线层具有每分米宽度<17500N的张力，
并且其中，这些拉紧帘线层的增强物与轮胎的圆周方向成一个18°到45°的角度，
并且其中，该束带的这些增强物是被安排为在该增强帘线层之内在轮胎的圆周方向上的、并且是一种具有热收缩性的材料，
并且其中，在一个1％的预定伸长率下，该束带作为一个整体具有每分米宽度>2000N的张力。
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