CN102791976B - 尿素品质诊断系统 - Google Patents

尿素品质诊断系统 Download PDF

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CN102791976B
CN102791976B CN201180011282.XA CN201180011282A CN102791976B CN 102791976 B CN102791976 B CN 102791976B CN 201180011282 A CN201180011282 A CN 201180011282A CN 102791976 B CN102791976 B CN 102791976B
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concentration
urea
water
carbamide
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CN102791976A (zh
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高桥弘隆
福冈武史
伊藤朝幸
冈本泰雄
益子达夫
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Isuzu Motors Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N11/00Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2550/00Monitoring or diagnosing the deterioration of exhaust systems
    • F01N2550/05Systems for adding substances into exhaust
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/02Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/18Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the system for adding a substance into the exhaust
    • F01N2900/1806Properties of reducing agent or dosing system
    • F01N2900/1812Flow rate
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/18Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the system for adding a substance into the exhaust
    • F01N2900/1806Properties of reducing agent or dosing system
    • F01N2900/1818Concentration of the reducing agent
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12Improving ICE efficiencies
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40Engine management systems

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)

Abstract

提供一种能够可靠地对尿素罐内的尿素水的品质进行诊断的尿素品质诊断系统。检测尿素罐(16)内的尿素水浓度和水位(L),当水位(L)为规定值以上时,根据尿素水浓度的检测值对尿素水的品质进行诊断。

Description

尿素品质诊断系统
技术领域
本发明涉及使用尿素水对发动机的排出气体中的NOx进行还原的SCR系统,具体涉及用于对喷射至SCR装置的尿素水的浓度等品质进行诊断的尿素品质诊断系统。
背景技术
作为用于对柴油机(diesel engine)的排出气体中的NOx进行净化的排出气体净化系统,例如开发有使用选择还原催化剂(SCR)的SCR系统(例如参照专利文献1、2)。
该SCR系统使用尿素作为还原剂,将尿素水供给至SCR装置的排出气体上游,并利用排出气体的热量水解尿素并生成氨,通过该氨而且通过SCR催化剂还原NOx并进行净化。
尿素水储藏在罐内,以能够通过规定的浓度(例如32.5%)达到目标净化率的方式,校正与发动机转速—负荷对应的尿素水喷射量。
当补给尿素水时,若尿素水被水稀释,则净化性能下降,反之,当不慎注入了浓度高的尿素水时,由于尿素过量供给,产生氨逃逸(ammonia slip),或者由于尿素的沉淀,产生喷嘴阻塞的问题。
并且在尿素罐内由于水分蒸发等引起浓度升高时,或者盐水等不同性质的液体进入而导致浓度升高时,也会使喷射系统和SCR装置发生故障。
在该尿素水罐中,设置有专利文献3所示的尿素浓度传感器,通过该传感器检测/诊断尿素水的浓度,当浓度比规定值低或者高时判定为浓度异常,禁止尿素水喷射,并且向驾驶员发出警告,催促将罐内尿素水更换为正常的尿素水。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开JP2000-27627号公报
专利文献2:日本特开JP2005-83223号公报
专利文献3:日本特开JP2007-47006号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的问题
然而,当尿素罐内的尿素水的水位低,即余量少时,由于车辆的振动等引起液面摇晃,从而罐底面附近所设置的浓度传感器的检测部露出,存在信号检测不稳定导致不能进行正确的浓度检测的不利情况。
因此,本发明的目的为解决上述技术问题,提供一种能够可靠地诊断尿素罐内的尿素水的品质的尿素品质诊断系统。
用于解决问题的手段
为了实现上述目的,本发明为一种尿素品质诊断系统,检测尿素罐内的尿素水浓度和水位,当水位为规定值以上时,根据尿素水浓度的检测值对尿素水的品质进行诊断。
在本发明中,优选当尿素水浓度的检测值为上限尿素水浓度以上或下限尿素浓度以下时,诊断为浓度异常。
在本发明中,优选当水位低于规定值时,不进行根据尿素水浓度的检测值进行的诊断。
在本发明中,优选当诊断为浓度异常时,禁止尿素水喷射,并向驾驶员警告该浓度异常。
发明效果
根据本发明,当检测尿素罐内的尿素水的浓度时,检出水位,并根据该水位为规定值以上时检出的浓度诊断品质,从而发挥能够进行可靠的品质诊断的有益效果。
附图说明
图1是表示本发明的一个实施方式的系统图。
图2是表示本发明的尿素品质诊断系统的流程图。
具体实施方式
以下,基于附图详细说明本发明的一个优选实施方式。
在图1中,在柴油机的排气管10上连接有SCR装置11,在该SCR装置11的上游侧设置喷射尿素水的喷嘴12,从而构成SCR系统。
SCR装置11由氧化催化剂层13和带催化剂的陶瓷过滤器14构成,通过氧化催化剂层13,对排出气体中的PM(颗粒物质)中所包含的主要为碳氢化合物HC的未燃烧物质(SOF)进行氧化,用带催化剂的陶瓷过滤器14捕获排出气体中的PM,而且通过该带催化剂的陶瓷过滤器14,使尿素水的热分解中产生的氨和NOx发生反应,从而进行脱硝。
尿素水15储藏在尿素罐16内,通过由泵构成的供应组件17,尿素罐16内的尿素水15通过送液线18被抽吸,供给至喷嘴12并被喷射,剩余的尿素水再通过回收线19返回至尿素罐16内。
从喷嘴12喷射的尿素水量由DCU(Dosing Control Unit:喷射阀控制装置)20经由供应组件17控制。DCU20与ECU(发动机控制单元)连接,根据来自ECU的发动机转速—负荷、和排气管10的上游侧设置的排气温度传感器21推定产生的NOx量,并且确定对该NOx进行脱硝所需的尿素水量,并据此控制供应组件17,而且当喷嘴12以所确定的尿素水量进行喷射时,根据排气管10的上游侧设置的NOx传感器22的检测值控制供应组件17,对从喷嘴12喷射的尿素水量进行调整。
然后,在尿素罐16上设置有检测尿素水15的浓度和水位的浓度/水位传感器23,该浓度/水位传感器23的检测值向DCU20输入。
浓度/水位传感器23基本上为通过静电电容变化测量水位和浓度的装置,同时还测量导电率,从而能够检测盐水等的混入。该浓度/水位传感器23可为如图所示将水位传感器和浓度传感器一体化的结构,或者也可由分别检测水位和浓度的传感器构成。
该DCU20根据来自浓度/水位传感器23的水位和浓度的检测值,对尿素水15的品质进行诊断。
该品质诊断中,当浓度/水位传感器23的浓度检测值为预先设定的上限尿素水浓度即上限值β以上或者为预先设定的下限尿素浓度即下限值α以下时,诊断为浓度异常,并禁止由供应组件17进行的尿素水喷射,并通过ECU点亮驾驶室中设置的警告灯,或者用蜂鸣器发出报警声,从而向驾驶员发出警告,催促将尿素罐16内的尿素水15更换为正常的尿素水。
本发明中的品质诊断在根据浓度检测值进行诊断之前,判断由浓度/水位传感器23检测出的尿素水的水位L,并在水位L为规定值以下时不进行诊断。
即,当水位低时,由于车辆的振动等液面产生摇晃,传感器23的检测部露出,检测信号不稳定,从而不能正确地检测浓度,因此浓度/水位传感器23在能够切实地检测浓度的规定水位以上时根据浓度检测值进行诊断。由此,通过在诊断时在尿素水的水位得以确保的状态下进行诊断,能够实现可靠性高的浓度检测。
下面根据图2说明本发明的尿素品质诊断系统的流程。
开始进行诊断30,在步骤1中,判断尿素水是否为规定水位以上。在该步骤1中,当尿素水的水位低于规定值时(否),为不能诊断31,结束(返回)诊断32。在步骤1的判断中,当尿素水为规定水位以上时(是),在步骤2判断检测出的浓度是否为下限值α以上且上限值β以下,当α≤浓度≤β时(是)进行正常判定33,并且当浓度低于下限值α时、超过上限值β时(否),进行异常判定34,进行尿素喷射禁止35、警告灯点亮36,结束诊断32。
符号说明
10 排气管
11 SCR装置
12 喷嘴
15 尿素水
16 尿素罐
20 DCU
23 浓度/水位传感器

Claims (3)

1.一种尿素品质诊断系统,其特征在于,
检测尿素罐内的尿素水浓度和水位,当水位为规定值以上时,根据尿素水浓度的检测值对尿素水的品质进行诊断,当水位低于规定值时,不使用尿素水浓度的检测值也不进行尿素水品质的诊断。
2.根据权利要求1所述的尿素品质诊断系统,其特征在于,
当尿素水浓度的检测值为上限尿素水浓度以上或下限尿素水浓度以下时,诊断为浓度异常。
3.根据权利要求2所述的尿素品质诊断系统,其特征在于,
当诊断为浓度异常时,禁止尿素喷射,并向驾驶员警告该浓度异常。
CN201180011282.XA 2010-02-26 2011-02-23 尿素品质诊断系统 Active CN102791976B (zh)

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JP2010-042742 2010-02-26
JP2010042742A JP5585125B2 (ja) 2010-02-26 2010-02-26 尿素品質診断システム
PCT/JP2011/053981 WO2011105425A1 (ja) 2010-02-26 2011-02-23 尿素品質診断システム

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