CN102791146A - 人造甜味剂及其性能 - Google Patents
人造甜味剂及其性能 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102791146A CN102791146A CN2011800139502A CN201180013950A CN102791146A CN 102791146 A CN102791146 A CN 102791146A CN 2011800139502 A CN2011800139502 A CN 2011800139502A CN 201180013950 A CN201180013950 A CN 201180013950A CN 102791146 A CN102791146 A CN 102791146A
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Abstract
本发明涉及营养组合物领域。具体地讲,本发明涉及一种包含代糖的营养组合物及其应用,例如,用于提高外源碳水化合物的氧化,该用途已表明可以提高能力,例如提高运动员的能力。
Description
本发明涉及营养组合物领域。具体地讲,本发明涉及一种包含代糖的营养组合物及其应用,例如,用于提高外源碳水化合物的氧化,该用途已表明可以提高能力,例如提高运动员的能力。
碳水化合物(CHO)摄入,例如在运动期间的摄入在长时间(>2h)和短时间运动过程中都始终具有提高耐力的作用(Jentjens RL和Jeukendrup AE,Br J Nutr 93:485-492,2005.)。
但是,在运动过程中可能会出现一些可能由上段胃肠道(GI)(食管和胃)或下段胃肠道(小肠和结肠)不适引起的症状。胃肠道功能紊乱的患病率高(在耐力运动员中的比例为30至50%),并且似乎与运动期间、特别是在跑步和骑自行车的过程中摄入CHO有关,这可能是由于大部分的CHO只是存留在胃肠道中,而没有被适当地吸收,从而导致胃肠不适(Brouns F等,Int J Sports Med 8:175-189,1987)。因此,很多运动员需要作出选择,他们知道在运动期间摄入CHO可以提高能力,但是同样可能造成胃肠不适和功能紊乱,从而导致潜在的能力下降。
为了克服该问题,人们试图提高CHO的吸收。在最近一系列的研究中,Jeukendrup等人的实验室发现相比于单一的CHO源(如单独的葡萄糖),例如葡萄糖与果糖的组合、或麦芽糖糊精与果糖的组合可以显著提高运动期间外源CHO的总传输量(提高20至40%)(Jeukendrup AE,Nutrition 20:669-677,2004,Jeukendrup AE和Jentjens R,Sports Med 29:407-424,2000)。
目前根据该效果所提出的机理源于这样的事实:葡萄糖和果糖具有独立的肠道转运体,分别为SGLT-1和GLUT-5。最近公开的数据(Currell K,Jeukendrup AE,Med Sci Sports Exerc 2008,40:275-281)还显示:与等热量的只含葡萄糖的饮料相比,由葡萄糖和果糖的混合物提高的外源CHO氧化可转化为8%的能力提高(与水相比能力提高接近20%)。
这对耐力运动员的能力而言,是巨大的、本质上的提高。
最近,高水平的耐力运动员已经开始实践低能量训练。这是通过禁食一夜后的晨练(De Bock K等,J Appl Physiol 2008,104:1045-1055)或在低肌糖原水平下的目的性训练(Hansen AK等,J Appl Physiol 2005,98:93-99;Yeo WK等,J Appl Physiol 2008,105:1462-1470)来实现的。有人提出,耐力训练期间的低卡路里摄取可能会通过运动期间脂肪氧化酶的增加、线粒体含量的增加以及脂肪氧化的增加,随时间的推移进一步提高训练效果(Hansen AK等,J Appl Physiol 2005,98:93-99;Yeo WK等,J Appl Physiol2008,105:1462-1470;De Bock K等,J Appl Physiol 2008,104:1045-1055)。对耐力运动员来说,所有这些都是令人期待的适应性改变,并且因此当能量供给充足且最大化时,耐力运动员能够在比赛中取得更好的成绩(HansenAK等,J Appl Physiol 2005,98:93-99)。
然而,尽管例如通过C2MAX这样的产品已经改善了碳水化合物的吸收,并且在运动期间摄入碳水化合物后的胃肠问题发生率已经减少,本领域仍需要进一步减少胃肠问题发生和进一步提高CHO吸收。为了在刺激和上调肠道CHO转运体的同时实现最佳的训练适应性改变,为了在提供CHO能量后的后续比赛表现,本领域同样需要耐力运动员能够在低能量状态下进行训练。这将使得耐力运动员最大程度地受益于低能量训练,同时他们的胃肠无需忍受因摄取能提高耐力的碳水化合物而带来的不适。最后,本领域需要在运动前通过剧烈刺激和上调CHO转运体使胃肠道适应,从而能够进一步提高碳水化合物的吸收和氧化。这在锻炼的最初阶段,即当CHO吸收和氧化处于最低并且对节约肌肉糖原具有最大潜在影响时是非常重要的(Stellingwerff T等,Pflugers Arch–Eur J Physiol,2007,454:635-647)。
本发明的目的是改善本领域的现有技术。
本发明的一个目的是例如在运动期间进一步减少在摄取CHO后胃肠问题的出现。
本发明进一步的目的是例如在运动期间进一步提高CHO的吸收和氧化。
本发明的另一个目的是为本领域提供一种可以提高CHO氧化的组合物,而提高CHO氧化已被证实可以提高能力。
本发明进一步的目的是使耐力运动员能够在低能量状态下进行训练,从而在刺激和上调肠道CHO转运体的同时实现最佳的训练适应性改变。
本申请的发明人惊奇地发现他们可以通过独立权利要求的主题来实现这些目的。从属权利要求进一步展开了本发明的思想。
出人意料地,发现甚至无热量的甜味剂也具有提高能力的效果。
例如,包含一种含有比例范围为3:1至1:1的葡萄糖和果糖的碳水化合物源和/或至少一种代糖的营养组合物能够实现所需的效果。
不希望受到理论的限制,本申请的发明人认为高碳水化合物饮食上调了葡萄糖转运体SGLT1的表达以及肠细胞对葡萄糖的摄取。这种上调可能是由甜味受体介导的。
代糖似乎在上调肠道SGLT1表达和葡萄糖摄取方面同样有效。代糖的这种性质似乎与它们的感知甜度有关。
它们同样可以上调果糖转运体GLUT-5的表达。
因此,例如在训练期间或临近比赛前的几小时,摄入补充有代糖的富碳水化合物饮食可在运动中改善葡萄糖和/或果糖转运。结果,身体将处于一种更高效地利用由营养组合物提供的碳水化合物的状态,而与此同时,避免了因肠道内有未吸收的糖而导致胃肠道问题的风险。由此,CHO氧化得到提高,并且能力和健康状况得到改善。
优化葡萄糖和/或果糖转运对于提高能力来说似乎是必须的。根据本发明,可以通过在运动之前和/或运动期间摄取糖和代糖的组合来实现葡萄糖和/或果糖转运的优化。
例如,用于在训练过程中以及赛前几小时内使用的组合物如含有大剂量代糖的饮料,可以例如通过提高葡糖糖和果糖转运以及将高含量糖的不希望的作用最小化而使运动员更有效地受益于所提供的碳水化合物。这将最终导致碳水化合物吸收、氧化的提高以及能力的提高。
通过施用用于在运动和/或比赛期间饮用的组合物、例如具有优化的糖和代糖的混合物的饮料可以实现同样的效果。
因此,本发明的一个实施例涉及一种营养组合物,其包含比例范围在3:1至1:1范围内的葡萄糖和果糖,以及至少一种代糖。
人们发现,如果以包含比例范围为3:1至1:1、优选2:1的葡萄糖和果糖的碳水化合物混合物的形式摄取碳水化合物的话,与美国运动医学会(ACSM)官方推荐的30-60g CHO/h相比,胃肠道能够忍受每小时90克的碳水化合物摄取量。举例来说,碳水化合物混合物还可以包含葡萄糖-果糖比在3:1-2.3:1或1.7:1至1:1范围内的葡萄糖和果糖。
上述碳水化合物混合物90克/h的摄取量会使运动员的胃肠道不适保持在最低限度,同时使CHO的吸收和氧化提高20-40%。此外,与每小时摄入60g包含比例范围为3:1至1:1、优选2:1的葡萄糖和果糖的碳水化合物混合物相比,最小胃肠不适并没有加重。
所述营养组合物可以是例如一种食品、一种饮料、一种食物添加剂、或一种保健食品。它还可以以棒或凝胶的形式提供。
营养组合物可以供给人类或哺乳动物,例如宠物。特别地,其适用于需要完成任务的个体,例如运动员,如耐力运动员,或者在考试状态下承受压力的个体,并且还适用于希望在其日常生活中,例如在学校或工作中有更出色表现的人们。
本发明的组合物可用于在运动期间和/或临近运动前或运动后使用。临近运动前或运动后所对应的时间跨度为运动前1小时至运动后1小时。
代糖是一种化合物,其能够在味道上产生与糖或玉米糖浆相同的效果,但是具有更少的热量。优选使用具有很少或没有热量的化合物,如无热量的甜味剂。
果糖和葡萄糖可以由碳水化合物源提供。所述碳水化合物源包含易消化形式的果糖和葡萄糖。所述碳水化合物可以包含单糖或由单糖组成,所述单糖例如是作为基本碳水化合物单元的葡萄糖或果糖。所述单糖可代表双糖的一部分,所述双糖可为例如蔗糖、乳糖、麦芽糖或纤维二糖。所述单糖,如葡萄糖或果糖,还可以代表寡糖或多糖的一部分。本发明优选的碳水化合物源为麦芽糖糊精和/或右旋糖。
所述碳水化合物源还可以包含难消化的碳水化合物,特别是纤维。
因此,葡萄糖和果糖可以以其本身的形式提供,但同样可以以能够生成葡萄糖的化合物或能够生成果糖的化合物的形式提供。
能够生成葡萄糖的化合物可以是任何化合物,例如包括葡萄糖单元的多糖。然后可以通过例如体内酶的活性由能够生成葡萄糖的化合物提供葡萄糖。
能够生成果糖的化合物可以是任何化合物,例如包括果糖单元的多糖。然后可以通过例如体内酶的活性由能够生成果糖的化合物提供果糖。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,所述营养组合物的碳水化合物部分包括至少30%的葡萄糖和果糖,优选50%的葡萄糖和果糖,更优选至少85%的葡萄糖和果糖。在本发明的一个实施方式中,营养组合物中的碳水化合物部分提供所述营养棒的至少50%、优选至少70%的能量。
所述代糖可以是任何本领域已知的并且适于人和/或动物食用的代糖。
例如,所述代糖可以选自天然代糖和人造代糖或它们的组合。
天然代糖可以是例如布拉齐因(Brazzein)、库克灵(Curculin)、赤藓糖醇(Erythritol)、果糖(Fructose)、甘草酸(Glycyrrhizin)、甘油(Glycerol)、氢化淀粉水解物(Hydrogenated starch hydrolysates)、乳糖醇(Lactitol)、罗汉果(Lo Han Guo)、马槟榔(Mabinlin)、麦芽糖醇(Maltitol)、低聚麦芽糖(Maltooligosaccharide)、甘露醇(Mannitol)、神秘果素(Miraculin)、Neoculin、莫内林(Monellin)、喷塔汀(Pentadin)、山梨醇(Sorbitol)、甜菊(Stevia)、塔格糖(Tagatose)、索马甜(Thaumatin)和/或木糖醇(Xylitol)或它们的组合。
人造代糖可以是例如乙酰磺胺酸钾(Acesulfame potassium)、阿力甜(Alitame)、阿斯巴甜(Aspartame)、阿斯巴甜-乙酰磺胺酸盐、甜精(Cyclamate)、甘素(Dulcin)、甜素(Glucin)、异麦芽糖醇(Isomalt)、新橙皮苷二氢查耳酮(Neohesperidin dihydrochalcone)、纽甜(Neotame)、P-4000、糖精(Saccharin)、SC45647和/或三氯蔗糖(Sucralose)或它们的组合。
通常,所述代糖的使用量与其相对于糖的感知甜度相关。例如,所述糖例如果糖葡萄糖混合物的一部分可被一定量的代糖替代,所述代糖的量为,由代糖引起的甜度在被替代的糖的甜度的1/2至2倍的范围内。
典型地,代糖的感知甜度如下:
代糖 | 与糖相比的甜度重量比 |
布拉齐因 | 800× |
库克灵 | 550× |
赤藓糖醇 | 0.7× |
甘草酸 | 50× |
甘油 | 0.6× |
氢化淀粉水解物 | 0.4×–0.9× |
乳糖醇 | 0.4× |
罗汉果 | 300× |
马槟榔 | 100× |
麦芽糖醇 | 0.9× |
甘露醇 | 0.5× |
莫内林 | 3000× |
喷塔汀 | 500× |
山梨醇 | 0.6× |
甜菊 | 250× |
塔格糖 | 0.92× |
索马甜 | 2000× |
木糖醇 | 1.0× |
乙酰磺胺酸钾 | 200× |
阿力甜 | 2,000× |
阿斯巴甜 | 160–200× |
阿斯巴甜-乙酰磺胺酸盐 | 350× |
甜精 | 30× |
甘素 | 250× |
甜素 | 300× |
新橙皮苷二氢查耳酮 | 1500× |
纽甜 | 8000× |
P-4000 | 4000× |
糖精 | 300× |
三氯蔗糖 | 600× |
异麦芽糖醇 | 0.45×–0.65× |
然而,用于本发明的营养组合物中的代糖与碳水化合物部分总量的重量比通常为1:1至1:1000000,优选1:1至1:100000,更优选1:1至1:10000,最优选1:1至1:1000。
根据本发明,用于营养组合物中的代糖与葡萄糖和果糖总量的重量比可以为1:1至1:1000000,例如1:10至1:100000、1:100至1:10000或者1:500至1:2000。
所述营养组合物的碳水化合物部分可以包括右旋糖、果糖和/或麦芽糖糊精。
所述营养组合物包含碳水化合物部分,以及任选地,蛋白质部分和/或脂肪部分。
本发明所述组合物中蛋白质和/或脂肪的存在有利于在比赛中为运动员提供更全面的营养。此外,蛋白质的存在可以使生产的产品具有改善的口味。
任何适当的食用蛋白质都可用作蛋白质源,例如动物蛋白(例如酪蛋白、肉蛋白和卵蛋白);植物蛋白(例如大豆蛋白、小麦蛋白、稻米蛋白和豌豆蛋白);游离氨基酸的混合物;或上述的组合。特别优选乳蛋白例如酪蛋白和乳清蛋白,以及大豆蛋白。
所述蛋白可以是未加工蛋白或水解的蛋白,或未加工蛋白和水解蛋白的混合物。提供部分水解的蛋白(水解程度在2和20%之间)可能是有利的,例如,对于确信有牛奶过敏风险的运动员而言。另外,至少部分水解的蛋白通常会更容易更快地被身体代谢。对于氨基酸尤其如此。因此,如果营养组合物中含有单个氨基酸的话,其将是更为优选的,必需氨基酸是最优选的。在一个实施方式中,所述组合物含有氨基酸,例如L-亮氨酸、L-缬氨酸和/或L-异亮氨酸。
如果所述组合物包含脂肪源,所述脂肪源具有例如改善口感的优点。任何脂肪源都是合适的。例如,可以使用动物脂肪或植物脂肪。为了提高营养价值,所述脂肪源可以包含n3-不饱和脂肪酸和n6-不饱和脂肪酸。所述脂肪源还可以包含长链脂肪酸和/或中链脂肪酸。例如,可以使用乳脂、菜籽油、玉米油和/或高油酸葵花籽油。
所述营养组合物可以被配制为每100g含有少于40g的蛋白和/或每100g含有少于20g的脂肪。
按照政府部门例如USRDA的建议,所述营养组合物还可以包含矿物质和微量营养素,例如微量元素和维生素。
本发明的组合物可以包含维生素,例如维生素C、维生素E、维生素B12、烟酸、维生素B6、叶酸、生物素、泛酸、维生素B2和/或维生素B6,优选含量为每日推荐剂量的至少10%。
维生素的存在可以提高产品的效能并能进一步地保护运动员。例如,维生素C的存在可以帮助预防普通感冒。
所述组合物还可包含电解质和/或矿物质,例如钠、钾、钙、铁、镁或锌。
这些化合物可以帮助补充身体在运动过程中由于出汗而不断流失的化合物。它们还可以帮助避免产生肌肉酸痛。
所述营养组合物可进一步包括下列组中选出的一种或多种化合物:芳香化合物、纤维、咖啡因、防腐剂、瓜拉那、酸化剂、粘结剂、凝胶构建材料(gel building material)、水、果汁、水果、抗氧化剂、着色剂。
这些试剂可以改善本发明产品的许多特性,例如口味、稠度、颜色、储藏期稳定性、消化性、以及其他一些本领域技术人员所知晓的特性。
所述组合物的能量密度对于其效能而言不是关键。但是,高能量密度的优点是,仅需摄取较少的食物即可补充作为身体燃料的碳水化合物。因此,本发明的组合物优选高能量密度。
然而,显然饮料比其他食品例如棒或凝胶的能量密度低得多。
如果本发明的营养组合物是固体食物产品,例如碳水化合物棒,其可以具有800-2200kJ/100g的能量密度,优选1000-2000kJ/100g,最优选1200-1800kJ/100g。
为了便于食用,例如在比赛期间或在比赛间隙,本发明的固体营养组合物的每份份量优选相对较小。这样的干制食品优选每份份量为10-200g,更优选20-100g,最优选50-80g。可选地,还可以提供一口大小的棒,其份量在3到15g之间,优选在5到10g之间。这样,碳水化合物的摄取可以精确地调整到某个运动员的需求量。
如果本发明的营养组合物是液体或凝胶状食品例如饮料,其可具有50-1500kJ/100ml的能量密度,优选75-1300kJ/100ml,最优选80-1000kJ/100ml。这样的饮料的每份份量可以在50ml-500ml的范围内,例如100ml-350ml。凝胶的每份份量可以在20-100ml的范围内,例如30-50ml。
本发明的组合物可以包括下述百分含量的每日摄取量(DV),以2000卡路里饮食计:4至6%的总脂肪量,包括1至3%的饱和脂肪、5至9%的钠、0.5至1.5%的钾、12至16%的碳水化合物,包括5至10%的葡萄糖和果糖,以及10至14%的蛋白质。
此外,本发明的组合物可以包含80至120%DV的维生素C、20至30%DV的钙、25至35%DV的铁、80至120%DV的维生素E、80至120%DV的硫胺、80至120%DV的核黄素、80至120%DV的烟酸、80至120%DV的维生素B6、80至120%DV的叶酸、80至120%DV的维生素B12、80至120%DV的生物素、80至120%DV的泛酸、20至30%DV的磷、20至30%DV的镁、25至35%DV的锌、25至35%DV的铜、以及15至25%DV的铬。
根据本发明,所述营养组合物可以进一步包括下列组中选出的一种或多种化合物:芳香化合物、纤维、咖啡因、防腐剂、瓜拉那、酸化剂、粘结剂、凝胶构建材料、水、果汁、水果、抗氧化剂、着色剂。
本发明还涉及代糖用于制备组合物以提高能力、特别是耐力的用途。
所述组合物可以为上述一个或多个实施方式中所描述的营养组合物。
所述组合物可以用于治疗或预防能力不足,特别是耐力不足。
本发明所述的应用可以是医疗应用或非医疗应用。
利于本发明制备的组合物还可以用于提高胃肠耐受性和/或治疗或预防胃肠道问题。同时对碳水化合物的胃肠耐受性,特别是对本发明的葡萄糖/果糖混合物的耐受性也将得到提高。
上述提到的胃肠道问题没有特别的限制,但是优选选自以下组中:上腹部问题,如反流、胃灼热、胃胀、上腹部痉挛、呕吐、恶心;下腹部问题,如肠痉挛、气胀、便急(urge to defecate)、左腹疼痛、右腹疼痛、稀便、腹泻;或系统性问题,如头昏、头痛、肌肉痉挛或尿急(urge to urinate)。
通常对于运动、特别是竞争性运动,身体始终具有可供肌肉燃烧的血糖是重要的。特别是在竞赛的最后阶段,必需要避免运动员能量耗尽。本发明的主题能很好地避免这样的情况。根据本发明的一个实施方式,本发明的组合物可以用于提高运动后期血糖的维持和/或提高运动开始时外源CHO的氧化速率。
本发明的组合物不仅能够用于确保长时间的血糖维持,而且还可以用于提高外源碳水化合物的氧化。这样,在体育运动期间由碳水化合物传输的能量可以最大化。
进一步地,组合物可以用于提供更快的能量传输,特别是对正在使用的肌肉的能力传输,和/或为肌肉提供更持久的能量。上述两个作用有助于运动员的最佳发挥。
最后,所述组合物还可以用于治疗或预防疲劳症状和/或用于改善循环节奏,例如以每分钟循环次数计量的循环节奏,和/或用于降低自感劳累分级(RPE)。
本发明组合物的理想用量相当于摄取至少30g CHO/h,优选至少50gCHO/h,更优选至少65g CHO/h,以及最优选80g CHO/h至110g CHO/h。
发明人发现,每小时摄入的碳水化合物的量越高,外源碳水化合物氧化提高的越多。
利用本发明制备的组合物还可用于上调葡萄糖和果糖转运体肠SGLT1和GLUT-5的表达。这样可以形成对食物源中碳水化合物、特别是葡萄糖和果糖的最佳吸收。
本领域的技术人员清楚在不偏离所揭示的所述主题的情况下,他们可以自由地组合本发明在此公开的所有特征。关于本发明营养组合物和用途方面所述的特定特征可以进行组合。
本发明进一步的特征和优点可由以下的实施例明显看出。
实施例1:碳水化合物凝胶
本发明的碳水化合物凝胶可以通过本领域任何已知的方法制备。
例如,可以通过包含下述三个步骤的方法制备凝胶。步骤一包括混合配料以及将所有配料加入到煮锅中。该步骤最主要的目的是获得平滑均匀的物料,这部分是通过良好的搅拌从而使所有成分充分溶解来实现的。步骤二包括加热物料至75℃的温度并至少保持10分钟。步骤二、即加热过程的主要目的是控制微生物和降低产品的粘度以利于进行填充工艺。步骤三是填充工艺,即将所述凝胶热填充入小袋中,然后将小袋热密封。
一个典型的凝胶配方可以包括:
以800:1的重量比组合的碳水化合物混合物(麦芽糖糊精、果糖和/或葡萄糖)和阿斯巴甜、过滤水、电解质混合物(氯化钠、柠檬酸钠、氯化钾)、柠檬酸、天然风味剂、苯甲酸钠、山梨酸钾、L-亮氨酸(170mg/100g)、L-缬氨酸(170mg/100g)、L-异亮氨酸(170mg/100g)、维生素A和维生素C。
实施例2:棒配方
根据本发明的棒的典型配方见下表:
所述棒按照下述方法制备:
所有湿组分在50℃混合在一起(糖浆、甘油、杏仁奶油以及风味剂)。分别地,将干组分混合在一起,然后将湿浆体加入到干混合物中,将得到物料在高剪切作用下混合2到5分钟。将面团压平并且在包装前切成棒状。
Claims (14)
1.一种营养组合物,包含:一种含有葡萄糖和果糖的碳水化合物部分,以及至少一种代糖,所述葡萄糖和果糖的比例范围为3:1至1:1。
2.一种根据权利要求1所述的营养组合物,其特征在于所述碳水化合物部分包含至少30%的葡萄糖和果糖,优选50%的葡萄糖和果糖,更优选至少85%的葡萄糖和果糖。
3.一种根据前述任一项权利要求所述的营养组合物,其中所述代糖选自:天然代糖,例如布拉齐因、库克灵、赤藓糖醇、果糖、甘草酸、甘油、氢化淀粉水解物、乳糖醇、罗汉果、马槟榔、麦芽糖醇、低聚麦芽糖、甘露醇、神秘果素、莫内林、Neoculin、喷塔汀、山梨醇、甜菊、塔格糖、索马甜和/或木糖醇,以及人造代糖,例如乙酰磺胺酸钾、阿力甜、阿斯巴甜、阿斯巴甜-乙酰磺胺酸盐、甜精、甘素、甜素、异麦芽糖醇、新橙皮苷二氢查耳酮、纽甜、P-4000、糖精、SC45647和/或三氯蔗糖。
4.根据前述任一项权利要求所述的营养组合物,其中代糖与所述组合物中存在的碳水化合物部分总量的重量比为1:1至1:1000000,优选1:1至1:100000,更优选1:1至1:10000,最优选1:1至1:1000。
5.根据前述任一项权利要求所述的营养组合物,其特征在于其进一步包含维生素,例如维生素C、维生素E、维生素B12、烟酸、维生素B6、叶酸、生物素、泛酸、维生素B2和/或维生素B6,优选其含量为每日推荐剂量的至少10%。
6.根据前述任一项权利要求所述的营养组合物,其特征在于其进一步包含氨基酸,例如L-亮氨酸、L-缬氨酸和/或L-异亮氨酸。
7.代糖用于制备组合物以提高CHO的吸收、氧化和/或能力,特别是耐力的用途。
8.根据权利要求7所述的用途,其中所述组合物为权利要求1-6中任一项所述的营养组合物。
9.根据权利要求7-8中任一项所述的用途,用于提高胃肠耐受性和/或用于治疗或预防胃肠道问题。
10.根据权利要求9所述的用途,其中所述胃肠道问题选自下列组:上腹部问题,如反流、胃灼热、胃胀、上腹部痉挛、呕吐、恶心;下腹部问题,如肠痉挛、气胀、便急、左腹疼痛、右腹疼痛、稀便、腹泻;或系统性问题,如头昏、头痛、肌肉痉挛或尿急。
11.根据权利要求7-10中任一项所述的用途,用于提高运动后期血糖的维持。
12.根据权利要求7-11中任一项所述的用途,用于提高外源碳水化合物的氧化、加快能量传输,特别是对正在使用的肌肉的能量传输,和/或为肌肉提供更持久的能量。
13.根据权利要求7-12中任一项所述的用途,用于进一步治疗或预防疲劳症状、改善循环节奏,例如以每分钟循环次数计量的循环节奏、和/或降低自感劳累分级(RPE)。
14.根据权利要求7-13中任一项所述的用途,其中所述组合物的用量相当于摄取至少30g CHO/h,优选至少50g CHO/h,更优选至少65g CHO/h,以及最优选80g CHO/h至110g CHO/h。
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- 2011-03-14 RU RU2012143719/13A patent/RU2012143719A/ru unknown
- 2011-03-14 CN CN2011800139502A patent/CN102791146A/zh active Pending
- 2011-03-14 BR BR112012023288A patent/BR112012023288A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-03-14 NZ NZ602074A patent/NZ602074A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-03-14 US US13/634,948 patent/US20130130972A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-03-14 AU AU2011229268A patent/AU2011229268B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2011-03-14 CA CA2791289A patent/CA2791289A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-03-14 SG SG2012063103A patent/SG183494A1/en unknown
- 2011-03-14 WO PCT/EP2011/053819 patent/WO2011113799A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-03-14 MX MX2012010093A patent/MX2012010093A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
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CN105188400A (zh) * | 2013-03-15 | 2015-12-23 | 爱默思公司 | 用于预防、减轻、缓解或治疗特发性呕吐的组合物和方法 |
CN105188400B (zh) * | 2013-03-15 | 2024-04-05 | 马斯公司 | 用于预防、减轻、缓解或治疗特发性呕吐的组合物和方法 |
CN103549362A (zh) * | 2013-10-31 | 2014-02-05 | 潘昌仁 | 一种含有天门冬酰苯丙氨酸甲酯的复合甜味剂 |
CN112006263A (zh) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-12-01 | 江西福美泰生物技术有限公司 | 一种纽甜复合甜味剂及其制备方法 |
CN112006263B (zh) * | 2020-09-08 | 2024-03-29 | 江西福美泰生物技术有限公司 | 一种纽甜组合物及其制备方法 |
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US20130130972A1 (en) | 2013-05-23 |
JP2013521787A (ja) | 2013-06-13 |
NZ602074A (en) | 2014-08-29 |
AU2011229268A1 (en) | 2012-09-27 |
WO2011113799A1 (en) | 2011-09-22 |
RU2012143719A (ru) | 2014-04-20 |
BR112012023288A2 (pt) | 2018-02-06 |
SG183494A1 (en) | 2012-10-30 |
ZA201207684B (en) | 2014-03-26 |
AU2011229268B2 (en) | 2014-06-12 |
MX2012010093A (es) | 2012-09-21 |
CA2791289A1 (en) | 2011-09-22 |
EP2366292A1 (en) | 2011-09-21 |
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