CN102787261B - Aluminum-silicon alloy - Google Patents
Aluminum-silicon alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN102787261B CN102787261B CN201210313325.6A CN201210313325A CN102787261B CN 102787261 B CN102787261 B CN 102787261B CN 201210313325 A CN201210313325 A CN 201210313325A CN 102787261 B CN102787261 B CN 102787261B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of metal materials, in particular to an aluminum-silicon alloy which comprises, in weight percent, 8.0-12.0% of silicon, 5.0-8.0% of copper, 0.5-1.5% of magnesium, 0.2-0.5% of titanium, 0.06-0.25% of scandium, 0.02-0.07% of cerium and the balance aluminum and less than or equal to 0.05% of impurities. The tensile strength of the aluminum-silicon alloy can reach 450-500MPa, the hardness of the aluminum-silicon alloy can reach HB130-150, the elongation of the aluminum-silicon alloy can reach 4-8%, the wear rate of the aluminum-silicon alloy can reach 1.2X10-9-1.5X10-7g*mm-1*N-1, and the aluminum-silicon alloy is light, can be used for producing sliding vanes of a sliding vane air conditioning compressor and can also be used for other fields requiring similar material performances.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal material field, be specifically related to a kind of aluminum silicon alloy.
Background technology
Compressor is the heart of air-conditioning.Slide vane compressor is functional owing to having, specific power is high; Peripheral control pipeline is few, be convenient to safeguard; Have good project organization, gear and bearing do not produce wearing and tearing, no axial pressure, low noise substantially; Air feed purity is high, quality better; High reliability, in compressor of air conditioner field in occupation of the status of not replacing.In slide vane compressor, rotor is the parts of unique continuous operation, and rotor rotates in the stator of cylinder.On rotor, there are several grooves radially cutting, are wherein embedded with slidably slide plate.During rotation, centrifugal force throws away slide plate from groove, forms independent one by one pressure space, and rotation constantly reduces the volume of pressure space, and air pressure constantly increases.When work, slide plate is close to cylinder inner wall high speed slide, can produce thus very large friction and wear.Therefore, slide plate is the key part that determines slide vane compressor performance and efficiency, and high-performance, high efficiency air-conditioning inevitable requirement slide plate must possess good wear resisting property in high-strength, heat-resisting.Conventional slide plate on market, mainly to make by suitable surface treatment and machining with rapid tool steel and high chromium-stainless steel (as W6Mo5Cr4V2,42CrMo, 2Cr13 etc.) material, owing to having added the metal such as Cr, Mo, V, W of high-content in rapid tool steel and high chromium rust free steel and having adopted suitable surface treatment, make it have higher surface hardness and good wear resistance.But due to the use of the metal such as Cr, Mo, V, W of high-content, cause that its cost is high, manufacturing process is complicated; And product density is large, quality weight, the pressure of slide plate to cylinder inner wall while having strengthened to a certain extent air-conditioning work, thus aggravate frictional wear, and compressor overall weight is increased.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to above-mentioned deficiency, provide a kind of wear resisting property good, be easily shaped and heat-treatable strengthened lightweight aluminium silicon alloy.
Aluminum silicon alloy of the present invention, composition is made up of the component of following weight per-cent: silicon 8.0～12.0%, copper 5.0～8.0%, magnesium 0.5～1.5%, titanium 0.2～0.5%, scandium 0.06～0.25%, cerium 0.02～0.07%; Surplus is the impurity of aluminium and content≤0.05%.
As preferably, the weight percent of aluminum silicon alloy composition is: silicon 9.0～11.0%, copper 6.0～7.2%, magnesium 0.6～1.1%, titanium 0.25～0.35%, scandium 0.06～0. 15%, cerium 0.03～0.05%; Surplus is the impurity of aluminium and content≤0.05%.
The present invention is on the aluminum silicon alloy basis of conventional antiwear heat resisting, take optimized alloy composition as starting point, add appropriate Cu and Mg, and add a small amount of Ti and Sc and Ce, incorporation engineering test, microstructure analysis, the technique means such as Mechanics Performance Testing, determine the optimized percentage content of each alloying element, make the alloy of developing have the good wear resistance of aluminum silicon alloy concurrently, thermotolerance and aluminum-copper alloy are high-strength, high-ductility, the advantages such as easy shaping, finally obtain the good also heat-treatable strengthened wear-resisting aluminum silicon alloy of a kind of forming property, meet the requirement of slide vane compressor slide plate material, and can be applied to other similar field.Aluminum silicon alloy of the present invention improves the content of Si on Al-Si alloy basis, thereby makes full use of the dispersivity of Si in Al, further carries heavy alloyed intensity and wear resisting property, and the mobility of melt while improving alloy casting.Al-Si alloy has good thermostability, and linear expansivity is low, can adapt to worst hot case, but Si too high levels can have influence on the comprehensive mechanical property of alloy.Therefore, on the basis of Al-Si alloy, add the alloying element cu that improves its plasticity, and preferably alloying element Mg of second-phase strengthening effect in addition, strict both ratios in aluminum silicon alloy of controlling simultaneously, on the one hand the plasticity of aluminum silicon alloy and toughness are promoted to some extent, can make on the other hand phase composite variation in aluminum silicon alloy, by controlling type, distribution and the quantity etc. of precipitated phase in heat treatment process, obtain good over-all properties, the variation that makes not heat-treatable strengthened Al-Si alloy produce in some aspects matter.In this aluminum silicon alloy, Mg and Si form Dark grey bone shape Mg
2si phase, Cu and Al form tiny θ (CuAl
2) phase, also can generate S (CuMgAl
2) phase and ω (Al
xmg
5si
4cu
4) equate, the above two are the main strengthening phase of this aluminum silicon alloy, hardness to aluminum silicon alloy, intensity, wear-resisting and resistance toheat play a decisive role.Along with the increase of Cu and Mg content, the strengthening phase quantity that aluminum silicon alloy is separated out in ag(e)ing process increases, thereby the intensity of alloy and hardness is all with the increasing and increase of both content, thereby wear resisting property improves, but elongation declines to some extent.At room temperature, Mg
2the strengthening effect of Si phase is greater than θ (CuAl
2) phase, thereby the impact of the mechanical property of Mg content alloy is greater than Cu.But at high temperature (when 500 ℃ of equilibrium conditionss), the solubleness of Mg in αsolidsolution is only 0.5 ~ 0.6%, solubleness is limited, in the time of its too high levels, can residual Mg in matrix
2si phase, it not only can not improve alloy strength, can make on the contrary the plasticity of aluminum silicon alloy significantly decline; And Cu is 4.9% at the maxima solubility of 524 ℃, the maxima solubility considerably beyond Mg in Al-Si alloy, at high temperature CuAl
2strengthening effect be greater than Mg
2si.In other words, under room temperature, the influence of Mg in this aluminum silicon alloy is comparatively remarkable, strengthening containing Mg phase plays a major role, but be at high temperature main by the strengthening containing Cu phase, both complement each other in alloy, therefore must control the content in alloy and the ratio of two kinds of elements, according to practical production experience, Mg content should be less than 2.0%, Cu and be controlled at (5 ~ 10) with the content ratio of Mg: 1, and to guarantee to obtain the alloy of best performance.Ti is very effective grain-refining agent in aluminium alloy.In the time adding a small amount of titanium in aluminium alloy, in matrix, there is Al
3ti particle, becomes the heterogeneous nucleation center of second-phase, improves nucleation rate, and Ti can improve the condensate depression of melt, further crystal grain thinning.But in the time that Ti add-on is greater than 0.5%, in Solidification Structure, there will be thick Al
3ti particle, coarse grains, tensile strength and the plasticity of alloy obviously reduce.Therefore the add-on of Ti element must obtain strict control.Sc is the most effective alterant of aluminium alloy and reinforcer, adds 0.05 ~ 0.25% Sc and just can make the structure of alloy and performance produce significantly to change, increase substantially intensity, plasticity and the high-temperature behavior of aluminium alloy in aluminium alloy.Show by great many of experiments, in this aluminum silicon alloy, add a small amount of Sc to the effect of being significantly improved of its intensity, and carry heavy alloyed aging sensitivity, be conducive to the follow-up thermal treatment of alloy.Add a small amount of Rare-Earth Ce can play following effect: because Ce atomic radius is large compared with the atomic radius such as Al and Cu, can not with its formation interval type or displaced type sosoloid, therefore the solubleness in matrix is less, can become the forming core particle of second-phase, increase nucleation rate reaches the effect of crystal grain thinning; In addition, the chemically reactive of Ce is strong, can with melt in plurality of impurities form rare earth foreign material or rare earth intermetallic compound, these rare earth foreign material or the general fusing point of rare earth intermetallic compound is high, density is little, wherein a part is removed by skimming, reach the effect of removal of impurities, purification melt, another part becomes the nucleus of heterogeneous nucleation in the process of melt solidifying, can reach equally the effect of crystal grain thinning.Add a small amount of Ti and Sc, improved the heterogeneous nucleation rate of alloy, reach the effect of crystal grain thinning, and can put forward heavy alloyed resistance toheat; Add a small amount of Ce, with crystal grain thinning, reduce the fragility phase in alloy, further improve the processing characteristics such as ingot quality and extruding thereof.Aluminum silicon alloy of the present invention has the premium properties that aluminum silicon alloy and aluminum-copper alloy respectively have, and gives full play to the advantageous effect of other metal in aluminum silicon alloy, makes this aluminum silicon alloy forming property excellence, heat-treatable strengthened and wear resisting property is good.Aluminum silicon alloy tensile strength of the present invention can reach that 450～500MPa, Brinell hardness can reach 130～150, elongation can reach 4～8%, wear rate is 1.2 × 10
-9~ 1.5 × 10
-7g ﹒ mm
-1﹒ N
-1, meet the requirement of slide vane compressor slide plate material.
Compared with prior art, the advantage of alloy of the present invention is: 1, the high comprehensive performance such as wear resistance.Under room temperature, tensile strength reaches that 450 ~ 500Mpa, Brinell hardness reach 130 ~ 150, elongation reaches 4 ~ 8%, wear rate is 1.2 × 10-9 ~ 1.5 × 10-7g ﹒ mm-1 ﹒ N-1, meets the performance requriements of slide vane compressor slide plate material; 2, heat-treatable strengthened.Make variation mutually in Al-Si alloy by alloying, improve its heat treatment performance, improve its aging sensitivity, can pass through quantity, distribution and the pattern of thermal treatment control second-phase, improve the various aspects of performance of alloy, make not heat-treatable strengthened Al-Si alloy become heat-treatable strengthened; 3, light weight.Weight is about 40% of existing slide vane compressor slide plate material steel alloy, greatly reduces the pressure of slide plate to cylinder inner wall, reduces friction between the two, extends the work-ing life of slide plate, has a good application prospect in this field; 4, cost is lower.Take Al-Si alloy as main body, add the addition of C u, Mg and trace Ti, Sc, rare earth element, more cheap and easy to get than metals such as the Cr adding in steel alloy, Mo, V, W, on raw material, reduce by 20～50% cost, the resources such as Cr, Mo, V, W are saved, and because the casting temperature of aluminium alloy is low, extrusion technique comparative maturity, can adopt continuous extrausion process preparation, thereby production cost is also lower.
Embodiment
By the following examples, the invention will be further described.It should be noted that, following examples are only for explaining the present invention, and should not be considered as the restriction of the scope to claim of the present invention.
Embodiment 1 aluminum silicon alloy, composition is made up of the component of following weight per-cent: silicon 8.0%, copper 5.0%, magnesium 0.5%, titanium 0.2%, scandium 0.06%, cerium 0.02%; Surplus is the impurity of aluminium and content≤0.05%.Performance test results is in table 1.
Embodiment 2 aluminum silicon alloys, composition is made up of the component of following weight per-cent: silicon 9.0%, copper 6.0%, magnesium 0.6%, titanium 0.25%, scandium 0.06%, cerium 0.03%; Surplus is the impurity of aluminium and content≤0.05%.Performance test results is in table 1.
Embodiment 3 aluminum silicon alloys, composition is made up of the component of following weight per-cent: silicon 10.0%, copper 6.5%, magnesium 0.8%, titanium 0.3%, scandium 0.1%, cerium 0.04%; Surplus is the impurity of aluminium and content≤0.05%.Performance test results is in table 1.
Embodiment 4 aluminum silicon alloys, composition is made up of the component of following weight per-cent: silicon 11.0%, copper 7.2%, magnesium 1.1%, titanium 0.35%, scandium 0.15%, cerium 0.05%; Surplus is the impurity of aluminium and content≤0.05%.Performance test results is in table 1.
Embodiment 5 aluminum silicon alloys, composition is made up of the component of following weight per-cent: silicon 11.5%, copper 7.5%, magnesium 1.3%, titanium 0.42%, scandium 0.2%, cerium 0.06%; Surplus is the impurity of aluminium and content≤0.05%.Performance test results is in table 1.
Embodiment 6 aluminum silicon alloys, composition is made up of the component of following weight per-cent: silicon 12.0%, copper 8.0%, magnesium 1.5%, titanium 0.5%, scandium 0.25%, cerium 0.07%; Surplus is the impurity of aluminium and content≤0.05%.Performance test results is in table 1.
The aluminum silicon alloy performance test results of the each embodiment of table 1
Claims (2)
1. an aluminum silicon alloy, composition is made up of the component of following weight per-cent: silicon 8.0～12.0%, copper 5.0～8.0%, magnesium 0.5～1.5%, titanium 0.2～0.5%, scandium 0.06～0.25%, cerium 0.02～0.07%; Surplus is the impurity of aluminium and content≤0.05%, and wherein Cu is controlled at (5 ~ 10) with the content ratio of Mg: 1.
2. aluminum silicon alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described silicon is 9.0～11.0%, and described copper is 6.0～7.2%, and described magnesium is 0.6～1.1%, and described titanium is 0.25～0.35%, and described scandium is 0.06～0. 15%, and described cerium is 0.03～0.05%.
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| CN103614595B (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2016-03-16 | 西南铝业（集团）有限责任公司 | A kind of high silicon height X alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN105349853A (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-02-24 | 严静儿 | High-strength aluminum alloy |
| CN105274406A (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-01-27 | 黄忠波 | High-strength aluminum alloy |
| CN105274407A (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-01-27 | 严静儿 | Aluminum alloy material |
| CN106876096B (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2018-05-22 | 永春佳荣纸箱有限公司 | A kind of power grid potential device cooling device |
| CN105838937A (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2016-08-10 | 天津大学 | Aluminum-silicon-magnesium-strontium-scandium-titanium casting alloy with high mechanical property and preparation method thereof |
| CN105886854A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-08-24 | 天津大学 | Preparing method for reducing Fe intermediate phase harm and improving mechanical performance of A356 cast alloy containing scandium and zircon |
| CN108048703B (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2020-05-05 | 佛山市辰辉金属制品厂 | High-strength wear-resistant die-casting aluminum alloy and die-casting method thereof |
| CN110983132A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-04-10 | 徐州恒科重工机械有限公司 | Multiphase composite metal material |
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| JP2000212672A (en) * | 1999-01-22 | 2000-08-02 | Toyota Motor Corp | Production of aluminum base casting having high strength and low residual strain |
| JP2000303133A (en) * | 1999-04-15 | 2000-10-31 | Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc | Aluminum alloy for pressure casting, excellent in fatigue strength |
| US8828157B2 (en) * | 2003-12-18 | 2014-09-09 | Showa Denko K.K. | Method for producing shaped article of aluminum alloy, shaped aluminum alloy article and production system |
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| 5×××系铝合金的研究进展;唐明君 等;《轻合金加工技术》;20041231;第32卷(第7期);第1-7,23页 * |
| JP特开2000-212672A 2000.08.02 |
| JP特开2000-303133A 2000.10.31 |
| 唐明君 等.5×××系铝合金的研究进展.《轻合金加工技术》.2004,第32卷(第7期),第1-7,23页. |
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