CN102787261A - Aluminum-silicon alloy - Google Patents
Aluminum-silicon alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN102787261A CN102787261A CN2012103133256A CN201210313325A CN102787261A CN 102787261 A CN102787261 A CN 102787261A CN 2012103133256 A CN2012103133256 A CN 2012103133256A CN 201210313325 A CN201210313325 A CN 201210313325A CN 102787261 A CN102787261 A CN 102787261A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of metal materials, in particular to an aluminum-silicon alloy which comprises, in weight percent, 8.0-12.0% of silicon, 5.0-8.0% of copper, 0.5-1.5% of magnesium, 0.2-0.5% of titanium, 0.06-0.25% of scandium, 0.02-0.07% of cerium and the balance aluminum and less than or equal to 0.05% of impurities. The tensile strength of the aluminum-silicon alloy can reach 450-500MPa, the hardness of the aluminum-silicon alloy can reach HB130-150, the elongation of the aluminum-silicon alloy can reach 4-8%, the wear rate of the aluminum-silicon alloy can reach 1.2X10-9-1.5X10-7g*mm-1*N-1, and the aluminum-silicon alloy is light, can be used for producing sliding vanes of a sliding vane air conditioning compressor and can also be used for other fields requiring similar material performances.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal material field, be specifically related to a kind of aluminum silicon alloy.
Background technology
Compressor is the heart of air-conditioning.Slide vane compressor is functional owing to having, specific power is high; Peripheral pilot piping is few, be convenient to safeguard; Have good project organization, gear and bearing do not produce wearing and tearing, no axial pressure, low noise basically; Air feed purity is high, quality better; The safety advantages of higher, in the compressor of air conditioner field in occupation of the status of not replacing.In slide vane compressor, rotor is the parts of unique continuous operation, and rotor rotates in the stator of cylinder.Several grooves that radially cuts are arranged on the rotor, wherein be embedded with slidably slide plate.During rotation, cf-throws away slide plate from groove, forms independent one by one pressure space, and rotation constantly reduces the volume of pressure space, and air pressure constantly increases.During work, slide plate is close to cylinder inner wall and is slided at a high speed, can produce very big friction and wear thus.Therefore, slide plate is the key part of decision slide vane compressor performance and efficient, and high-performance, high efficiency air-conditioning inevitable requirement slide plate must possess good abrasion resistance in high-strength, the heat-stable while.The slide plate of using always on the market; Mainly be to make through suitable surface treatment and machining with rapid tool steel and high chromium-stainless steel (like W6Mo5Cr4V2,42CrMo, 2Cr13 etc.) material; Owing to added metal such as high-load Cr, Mo, V, W in rapid tool steel and the high chromium rust free steel and adopted suitable surface treatment, made it have higher surface hardness and good wear resistance.But because the use of metals such as high-load Cr, Mo, V, W, cause that its cost is high, ME is complicated; And product density is big, quality is heavy, when having strengthened air-conditioning work to a certain extent slide plate to the pressure of cylinder inner wall, thereby aggravated frictional wear, and the compressor overall weight is increased.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to above-mentioned deficiency, provide a kind of wear resisting property good, be prone to be shaped and heat-treatable strengthened lightweight aluminium silicon alloy.
Aluminum silicon alloy of the present invention, composition is made up of the component of following weight per-cent: silicon 8.0～12.0%, copper 5.0～8.0%, magnesium 0.5～1.5%, titanium 0.2～0.5%, scandium 0.06～0.25%, cerium 0.02～0.07%; Surplus is the impurity of aluminium and content≤0.05%.
As preferably, the weight percent of aluminum silicon alloy composition is: silicon 9.0～11.0%, copper 6.0～7.2%, magnesium 0.6～1.1%, titanium 0.25～0.35%, scandium 0.06～0. 15%, cerium 0.03～0.05%; Surplus is the impurity of aluminium and content≤0.05%.
The present invention is on the aluminum silicon alloy basis of antiwear heat resisting commonly used; To optimize alloying constituent is origin; Add proper C u and Mg and add a small amount of Ti and Sc and Ce,, confirm the optimized percentage content of each alloying element in conjunction with technique means such as engineering test, microstructure analysis, Mechanics Performance Testings; Make the alloy of developing have the good wear resistance of aluminum silicon alloy, thermotolerance concurrently and advantages such as aluminum-copper alloy is high-strength, high-ductility, easy shaping; Finally obtain the good and heat-treatable strengthened wear-resisting aluminum silicon alloy of a kind of forming property, meet the requirement of slide vane compressor slide plate material, and can be applied to other similar field.Aluminum silicon alloy of the present invention improves the content of Si on Al-Si alloy basis, thereby makes full use of the dispersivity of Si in Al, further improves the intensity and the wear resisting property of alloy, and the flowability of melt when improving alloy casting.The Al-Si alloy has good thermostability, and linear expansivity is low, can adapt to worst hot case, but the Si too high levels can have influence on the comprehensive mechanical property of alloy.Therefore; On the basis of Al-Si alloy, add the alloying element cu that improves its plasticity; And the more excellent alloying element Mg of the second phase strengthening effect in addition, strict simultaneously both ratios in aluminum silicon alloy of control promote the plasticity of aluminum silicon alloy and toughness on the one hand to some extent; Can make phase composite variation in the aluminum silicon alloy on the other hand; Type, distribution and quantity etc. through precipitated phase in the control heat treatment process obtain good comprehensive performances, the variation that makes not heat-treatable strengthened Al-Si alloy produce matter in some aspects.In this aluminum silicon alloy, Mg and Si form Dark grey bone shape Mg
2The Si phase, Cu and Al form tiny θ (CuAl
2) phase, also can generate S (CuMgAl
2) reach ω (Al mutually
xMg
5Si
4Cu
4) equate that the above two are the main strengthening phase of this aluminum silicon alloy, the hardness of aluminum silicon alloy, intensity, wear-resisting and resistance toheat are played a decisive role.Along with the increase of Cu and Mg content, the strengthening phase quantity that aluminum silicon alloy is separated out in ag(e)ing process increases, thereby the intensity of alloy and hardness is all with the increasing and increase of both content, thereby wear resisting property improves, but elongation descends to some extent.At room temperature, Mg
2The strengthening effect of Si phase is greater than θ (CuAl
2) phase, thereby Mg content to the influence of the mechanical property of alloy greater than Cu.But at high temperature (during 500 ℃ of equilibrium conditionss), the solubleness of Mg in αGu Rongti is merely 0.5 ~ 0.6%, and solubleness is limited, when its too high levels, can residual Mg in the matrix
2The Si phase, it not only can not improve alloy strength, and the plasticity of aluminum silicon alloy is descended significantly; And Cu is 4.9% at 524 ℃ maxima solubility, considerably beyond the maxima solubility of Mg in the Al-Si alloy, and CuAl at high temperature
2Strengthening effect greater than Mg
2Si.In other words, the influence of Mg in this aluminum silicon alloy is comparatively remarkable under the room temperature, and the reinforcement that contains the Mg phase plays a major role; But be main by the reinforcement that contains the Cu phase then at high temperature, both complement each other in alloy, therefore must control the content in alloy and the ratio of two kinds of elements; According to practical production experience; Mg content should be less than 2.0%, and Cu is controlled at (5 ~ 10) with the content ratio of Mg: 1, and to guarantee to obtain the alloy of best performance.Ti is very effective grain-refining agent in duraluminum.When adding little amount of titanium in the duraluminum, Al appears in the matrix
3The Ti particle becomes the heterogeneous nucleation center of second phase, improves nucleation rate, and Ti can improve the condensate depression of melt, further crystal grain thinning.But when the Ti add-on greater than 0.5% the time, thick Al can appear in the alloy graining tissue
3The Ti particle, crystal grain is thick, and tensile strength of alloys and plasticity obviously reduce.Therefore the add-on of Ti element must obtain strict control.Sc is the most effectively alterant and a reinforcer of duraluminum, in duraluminum, adds structure and performance generation obvious variation that 0.05 ~ 0.25% Sc just can make alloy, increases substantially intensity, plasticity and the high-temperature behavior of duraluminum.Show through a large amount of experiments, add a spot of Sc in this aluminum silicon alloy, and improve the timeliness susceptibility of alloy, help the follow-up thermal treatment of alloy the effect of being significantly improved of its intensity.Add a spot of Rare-Earth Ce and can play following effect: because the Ce atomic radius is big than atomic radiuses such as Al and Cu; Can not with its formation interval type or displaced type sosoloid; Therefore the solubleness in matrix is less; Can become the forming core particle of second phase, increase the effect that nucleation rate reaches crystal grain thinning; In addition; The chemically reactive of Ce is strong, can form rare earth foreign material or rare earth intermetallic compound with the plurality of impurities in the melt, and the general fusing point of these rare earth foreign material or rare earth intermetallic compound is high, density is little; Wherein a part is removed by skimming; Reach the effect of removal of impurities, purification melt, another part becomes the nucleus of heterogeneous nucleation in the process of melt solidifying, can reach the effect of crystal grain thinning equally.Add a small amount of Ti and Sc, improved the heterogeneous nucleation rate of alloy, reach the effect of crystal grain thinning, and can improve the resistance toheat of alloy; Add a small amount of Ce,, reduce the fragility phase in the alloy, further improve processing characteristicies such as ingot quality and extruding thereof with crystal grain thinning.Aluminum silicon alloy of the present invention has the premium properties that aluminum silicon alloy and aluminum-copper alloy respectively have, and gives full play to the advantageous effect of other metal in aluminum silicon alloy, makes that this aluminum silicon alloy forming property is excellent, heat-treatable strengthened and wear resisting property is good.Aluminum silicon alloy tensile strength of the present invention can reach that 450～500MPa, HB can reach 130～150, elongation can reach 4～8%, wear rate is 1.2 * 10
-9~ 1.5 * 10
-7G ﹒ mm
-1﹒ N
-1, meet the requirement of slide vane compressor slide plate material.
Compared with prior art, the advantage of alloy of the present invention is: 1, high comprehensive performance such as wear resistance.Tensile strength reaches that 450 ~ 500Mpa, HB reach 130 ~ 150 under the room temperature, elongation reaches 4 ~ 8%, wear rate is 1.2 * 10-9 ~ 1.5 * 10-7g ﹒ mm-1 ﹒ N-1, meets the performance requriements of slide vane compressor slide plate material; 2, heat-treatable strengthened.Make variation mutually in the Al-Si alloy through alloying; Improve its heat treatment performance, improve its timeliness susceptibility, can be through quantity, distribution and the pattern of thermal treatment control second phase; Improve the various aspects of performance of alloy, make not heat-treatable strengthened Al-Si alloy become heat-treatable strengthened; 3, light weight.Weight is about existing slide vane compressor slide plate material with 40% of steel alloy, reduces the pressure of slide plate to cylinder inner wall greatly, reduces friction between the two, prolongs the work-ing life of slide plate, has a good application prospect in this field; 4, cost is lower.With the Al-Si alloy be the main body, add The addition of C u, Ti, Sc, the REE of Mg and trace; More cheap and easy to get than metals such as the Cr that adds in the steel alloy, Mo, V, W, on raw material, reduce by 20～50% cost, saved resources such as Cr, Mo, V, W; And because the casting temperature of duraluminum is low; The extrusion technique comparative maturity can adopt the continuous extrausion process preparation, thereby production cost is also lower.
Embodiment
Below, the present invention is described further through embodiment.Need to prove that following examples only are used to explain the present invention, and should not be regarded as the restriction to the scope of claim of the present invention.
Embodiment 1 aluminum silicon alloy, composition is made up of the component of following weight per-cent: silicon 8.0%, copper 5.0%, magnesium 0.5%, titanium 0.2%, scandium 0.06%, cerium 0.02%; Surplus is the impurity of aluminium and content≤0.05%.Performance test results is seen table 1.
Embodiment 2 aluminum silicon alloys, composition is made up of the component of following weight per-cent: silicon 9.0%, copper 6.0%, magnesium 0.6%, titanium 0.25%, scandium 0.06%, cerium 0.03%; Surplus is the impurity of aluminium and content≤0.05%.Performance test results is seen table 1.
Embodiment 3 aluminum silicon alloys, composition is made up of the component of following weight per-cent: silicon 10.0%, copper 6.5%, magnesium 0.8%, titanium 0.3%, scandium 0.1%, cerium 0.04%; Surplus is the impurity of aluminium and content≤0.05%.Performance test results is seen table 1.
Embodiment 4 aluminum silicon alloys, composition is made up of the component of following weight per-cent: silicon 11.0%, copper 7.2%, magnesium 1.1%, titanium 0.35%, scandium 0.15%, cerium 0.05%; Surplus is the impurity of aluminium and content≤0.05%.Performance test results is seen table 1.
Embodiment 5 aluminum silicon alloys, composition is made up of the component of following weight per-cent: silicon 11.5%, copper 7.5%, magnesium 1.3%, titanium 0.42%, scandium 0.2%, cerium 0.06%; Surplus is the impurity of aluminium and content≤0.05%.Performance test results is seen table 1.
Embodiment 6 aluminum silicon alloys, composition is made up of the component of following weight per-cent: silicon 12.0%, copper 8.0%, magnesium 1.5%, titanium 0.5%, scandium 0.25%, cerium 0.07%; Surplus is the impurity of aluminium and content≤0.05%.Performance test results is seen table 1.
The aluminum silicon alloy performance test results of each embodiment of table 1
Claims (2)
1. aluminum silicon alloy, composition is made up of the component of following weight per-cent: silicon 8.0～12.0%, copper 5.0～8.0%, magnesium 0.5～1.5%, titanium 0.2～0.5%, scandium 0.06～0.25%, cerium 0.02～0.07%; Surplus is the impurity of aluminium and content≤0.05%.
2. aluminum silicon alloy according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said silicon is 9.0～11.0%, and said copper is 6.0～7.2%, and said magnesium is 0.6～1.1%, and said titanium is 0.25～0.35%, and said scandium is 0.06～0. 15%, and said cerium is 0.03～0.05%.
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| CN201210313325.6A CN102787261B (en) | 2012-08-30 | 2012-08-30 | Aluminum-silicon alloy |
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| CN201210313325.6A CN102787261B (en) | 2012-08-30 | 2012-08-30 | Aluminum-silicon alloy |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103614595A (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2014-03-05 | 西南铝业（集团）有限责任公司 | High-silicon and high-copper aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN105274406A (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-01-27 | 黄忠波 | High-strength aluminum alloy |
| CN105274407A (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-01-27 | 严静儿 | Aluminum alloy material |
| CN105349853A (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-02-24 | 严静儿 | High-strength aluminum alloy |
| CN105838937A (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2016-08-10 | 天津大学 | Aluminum-silicon-magnesium-strontium-scandium-titanium casting alloy with high mechanical property and preparation method thereof |
| CN105886854A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-08-24 | 天津大学 | Preparing method for reducing Fe intermediate phase harm and improving mechanical performance of A356 cast alloy containing scandium and zircon |
| CN106876096A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2017-06-20 | 李冲 | A kind of power network potential device cooling device |
| CN108048703A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-05-18 | 佛山市辰辉金属制品厂 | A kind of high-strength wearable pack alloy and its pressure casting method |
| CN110983132A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-04-10 | 徐州恒科重工机械有限公司 | Multiphase composite metal material |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103614595A (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2014-03-05 | 西南铝业（集团）有限责任公司 | High-silicon and high-copper aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN103614595B (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2016-03-16 | 西南铝业（集团）有限责任公司 | A kind of high silicon height X alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN105274406A (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-01-27 | 黄忠波 | High-strength aluminum alloy |
| CN105274407A (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-01-27 | 严静儿 | Aluminum alloy material |
| CN105349853A (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-02-24 | 严静儿 | High-strength aluminum alloy |
| CN106876096A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2017-06-20 | 李冲 | A kind of power network potential device cooling device |
| CN106876096B (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2018-05-22 | 永春佳荣纸箱有限公司 | A kind of power grid potential device cooling device |
| CN105838937A (en) * | 2016-05-19 | 2016-08-10 | 天津大学 | Aluminum-silicon-magnesium-strontium-scandium-titanium casting alloy with high mechanical property and preparation method thereof |
| CN105886854A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-08-24 | 天津大学 | Preparing method for reducing Fe intermediate phase harm and improving mechanical performance of A356 cast alloy containing scandium and zircon |
| CN108048703A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-05-18 | 佛山市辰辉金属制品厂 | A kind of high-strength wearable pack alloy and its pressure casting method |
| CN108048703B (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2020-05-05 | 佛山市辰辉金属制品厂 | High-strength wear-resistant die-casting aluminum alloy and die-casting method thereof |
| CN110983132A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-04-10 | 徐州恒科重工机械有限公司 | Multiphase composite metal material |
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| CN102787261B (en) | 2014-05-28 |
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