CN102786358B - Water-soluble anti-caking agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Water-soluble anti-caking agent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a water-soluble anti-caking agent and a preparation method of the water-soluble anti-caking agent. The water-soluble anti-caking agent is prepared by compounding water-soluble polymers which have low-carbon alcohol and water as enveloping carriers and a surface active agent, and comprises the materials in mass percent as follows: 10 to 50% of water-soluble polymer, 5 to 20% of surface active agent, 10 to 20% of low-carbon alcohol, and 10 to 75% of water; the preparation method comprises the following steps of adding water to a reaction kettle which is provided with agitating blades and a heating device and heating up to 35 to 40 DEG C; adding the surface active agent and the low-carbon alcohol; agitating and heating until the temperature reaches to 60 DEG C; adding the water-soluble polymer; and continuously agitating for 30 minutes until dissolution and dispersion are achieved completely, thus obtaining the water-soluble anti-caking agent. According to the anti-caking agent provided by the invention, the hydrophilic polymers are spread on the surface of the fertilizer so as to lock the free water molecules on the surface of the fertilizer and reduce the activity of low water molecules, as well as prevent a slat bridge from forming among fertilizer particles, thus preventing the fertilizer from caking.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of water-soluble anti-hard caking agent and preparation method thereof, be specially adapted to the preparation and application of powdery or crystalloid anti-caking agent for fertilizer.
Background technology
No matter chemical fertilizer, be powdery or granular, can lump and lose flowability when some condition, and the phenomenon that forms lump is called fertilizer caking.Fertilizer caking phenomenon usually occurs in storage, handling and the transportation of material.Fertilizer caking major cause is between chemical fertilizer granule because the factors such as exchange of moisture, salinity dissolving recrystallize, generation salt bridge cause, and fertilizer caking not only affects the outward appearance of chemical fertilizer, also can reduce its service efficiency.In recent years, the development and utilization of chemical fertilizer preventing blocking technology has caused widely to be paid close attention to,
Conventional anti-caking agent for fertilizer is oil soluble anti-hard caking agent, inertia powder anti-hard caking agent, oil-bound distemper mixing anti-hard caking agent and a small amount of water-soluble anti-hard caking agent at present.
1) to adopt paraffin, alkylamine, wire tray-80, mineral oil be raw material to Chinese patent (CN 101298400A), stirs 20～30 minutes and make a kind of paste oil soluble anti-hard caking agent at 70 ℃～80 ℃.
This technology mainly utilizes the hydrophobic materials such as paraffin at fertilizer surface parcel, forms one deck hydrophobic membrane, hinders between fertiliser granulates and forms salt bridge, thereby play preventing blocking effect.
2) Chinese patent (CN 101450878) be take talcum as main raw material, then add potassium felspar sand, attapulgite is joined and makes a kind of powdered anti-caking agent through fine grinding, surface modification, mixing.
This technology, is hindered directly contact between fertilizer, thereby prevents fertilizer agglomeration in fertilizer surface adsorption by inorganic powder.
3) Chinese patent (CN 101199921) evenly mixes with Gemini quaternary ammonium salt, anion surfactant, nonionogenic tenside, polymkeric substance and water, makes a kind of water soluble surfactant active.
This technology, by the oriented adsorption of tensio-active agent, forms the hydrophobic membrane of one deck densification, hinders the direct contact between chemical fertilizer granule, and reaches the object of anti-caking.
Oil soluble anti-hard caking agent and inertia powder anti-hard caking agent have certain preventing blocking effect to granular chemical fertilizer; oil-bound distemper fiting effect is more remarkable; its action principle is to be all wrapped to form hydrophobic membrane by surface, hinders between particle and forms salt bridge, thereby reach the effect of chemical fertilizer anti-caking.
Powdery or crystallization chemical fertilizer, because its particle diameter is little, specific surface area is large, and fertilizer caking is serious, adopts the method for parcel oil-bound distemper cannot realize; Meanwhile, along with the development of Fertilizer Market, the demand of water-soluble chemical fertilizer constantly increases, and adopting water-soluble anti-caking agent will be current fertilizer industry urgent need to solve the problem.
Summary of the invention
A kind of method that the object of this invention is to provide water-soluble anti-hard caking agent and preparation thereof, is particularly useful for the preparation and application of powdery or crystalloid anti-caking agent for fertilizer.Starting material of the present invention are mainly water-soluble polymer, tensio-active agent and low-carbon alcohol.Cardinal principle of the present invention is to adopt hydrophilic polymer substance to spread over fertilizer surface, the free water molecule on locking fertilizer surface, and the activity of reduction water molecules, hinders the formation of salt bridge between chemical fertilizer granule, thereby reaches chemical fertilizer anti-caking; Adopting tensio-active agent is to increase water-soluble high-molecular substance in the spreadability on chemical fertilizer surface; Low-carbon (LC) alcohol and water is mainly as anti-caking agent carrier.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of water-soluble anti-hard caking agent, it is characterized in that: water-soluble anti-caking agent be take low-carbon (LC) alcohol and water and formed as envelope vector and water-soluble polymer and surfactant compound, each material by mass percentage, water-soluble polymer: 10～50%, tensio-active agent: 5-20%, low-carbon alcohol: 10-20%, water: 10-75 %.
The water-soluble anti-hard caking agent of the present invention is best form and proportioning as follows, each material by mass percentage, water-soluble polymer: 30～40%, tensio-active agent: 10-20 %, low-carbon alcohol: 10-20 %, water: 20-50 %.
Described water-soluble polymer is: one or two or more kinds mixture in polyacrylamide, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polymethyl acrylic acid, sodium polymethacrylate, polymethyl acrylic acid potassium, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylic acid potassium, sodium polyacrylate, hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride, POLYPROPYLENE GLYCOL, maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, poly-epoxy succinic acid, polyepoxy sodium succinate, poly aspartic acid, poly (sodium aspartate), water soluble starch, aqurous ployurethane.
Tensio-active agent is how one or two or more kinds mixture in sodium sulfonate of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether carboxylic acid sodium, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfonate, disecoctylmaleate sodium sulfonate, methylene-bis.
Described fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether carboxylic acid sodium, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfonate are straight chain type or branched chain type, and carbonatoms is between 8～18, and oxyethane number is between 2～18.
Described low-carbon alcohol is one or two or more kinds mixture in methyl alcohol, ethanol, Virahol, n-propyl alcohol.
The preparation method of water-soluble anti-hard caking agent, each material by mass percentage, it is characterized in that carrying out according to the following steps: to adding in the reactor with stirring arm and heating unit, when 10-75% water is heated to 35-40 ℃, add 5-20% tensio-active agent and 10-20% low-carbon alcohol, stir, heat, when temperature reaches after 60 ℃, add 10～50% water-soluble polymers, continue to stir 30 minutes kinds, after dispersion to be dissolved completely, obtain water-soluble anti-hard caking agent.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
The present invention adopts the moisture on hydrophilic macromolecule locking fertilizer surface, reduces the activity of water molecules, hinders the process of " dissolution-crystallization " between chemical fertilizer granule, thereby realizes the object of anti-caking.Adopt the way of oil, powder coating to compare with tradition, consumption is few, and effect is better; Importantly water-soluble anti-caking agent solved powdery or crystalloid chemical fertilizer cannot be by the problem of oil, powder coating.
The anti-hard caking agent Bu Shou fertilizer grain diameter influence that the present invention produces, is not only applicable to Common compound fertilizer, and powdered fertilizer is had to good preventing blocking effect.
The anti-hard caking agent that the present invention produces has extraordinary wetting ability, does not affect the water-soluble of chemical fertilizer, pollution-free; The chemical fertilizer of tradition oil-bound distemper coating in use can produce oil slick and floating dust, in natural condition, is difficult for degraded, causes environmental pollution.
Technological operation of the present invention simply, is easily gone, and is convenient to suitability for industrialized production.
Embodiment
The raw material of following embodiment calculates by mass parts.
Embodiment 1:
Water-soluble anti-caking agent prescription is: 40 parts, water, 10 parts of ethanol, 10 parts of dodecyl fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, PVPK30 part, 10 parts of polymethyl acrylic acid, water-soluble anti-caking agent preparation method is: to adding in the reactor with stirring arm and heating unit, add 10 parts of dodecyl fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and 10 parts of ethanol when 40 parts of water are heated to 35-40 ℃, stir, heating, when temperature reaches after 60 ℃, add PVPK30 part, 10 parts of polymethyl acrylic acid, continue to stir 30 minutes kinds, after dispersion to be dissolved completely, obtain water white liquid, make water-soluble anti-caking agent (being called for short rich nation aqua).
Chemical fertilizer laboratory sample: nitro high tower 15-15-15, granularity (2-4mm) 90%
Anti-caking agent comparative sample: the existing oil body anti-hard caking agent of the production FA1665(of Hubei Forbon Technology Co., Ltd. is called for short FA1665, lower with), the existing powder anti-hard caking agent of the production FP18(of Hubei Forbon Technology Co., Ltd. is called for short FP18), FA1665+FP18, domestic certain water-soluble anti-caking agent (being called for short domestic aqua), Spain spend chloroazotic acid dissolubility anti-caking agent (be called for short the agent of flower chloroazotic acid, lower with)
Experimental result is as following table:
| Project | FA1665 | FP18 | FA1665+?FP18 | Domestic aqua | The agent of flower chloroazotic acid | Rich nation aqua | Blank |
| Addition kg/t | 2.0 | 4.0 | 1.5+3.0 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 0 |
| Shatter value % | 77 | 61 | 92 | 57 | 84 | 90 | 48 |
Embodiment 2:
Water-soluble anti-caking agent prescription is: 30 parts, water, 20 parts of Virahols, 5 parts of disecoctylmaleate sodium sulfonates, 5 parts of n-Octanol Soxylat A 25-7 carboxylic acid sodium, 25 parts of polyvinylpyrrolidones, 15 parts of hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydrides, water-soluble anti-caking agent preparation method is: to adding in the reactor with stirring arm and heating unit, add 5 parts of disecoctylmaleate sodium sulfonates when 30 parts of water are heated to 35-40 ℃, 5 parts and 20 parts Virahols of n-Octanol Soxylat A 25-7 carboxylic acid sodium, stir, heating, when temperature reaches after 60 ℃, add 25 parts of polyvinylpyrrolidones, 15 parts of hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydrides, continue to stir 30 minutes kinds, after dispersion to be dissolved completely, obtain water white liquid, make water-soluble anti-caking agent (being called for short rich nation aqua).
Chemical fertilizer laboratory sample: punching fertilising KNO
3, crystalline solid
Anti-caking agent comparative sample: FA1665, FP18, domestic aqua, the agent of flower chloroazotic acid
Experimental result is as following table:
| Project | FA1665 | FP18 | Domestic aqua | The agent of flower chloroazotic acid | Rich nation aqua | Blank |
| Addition kg/t | 2.0 | 4.0 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 0 |
| Shatter value % | Wrap up unsuccessfully | 58 | 67 | 88 | 92 | 46 |
Embodiment 3:
Water-soluble anti-caking agent prescription is: 20 parts, water, 15 parts of methyl alcohol, methylene-bis is 5 parts of sodium sulfonates how, 10 parts of tetradecyl fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfonates, 40 parts of maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymers, 10 parts of POLYPROPYLENE GLYCOL, join in the reactor with stirring rake, water-soluble anti-caking agent preparation method is: to adding in the reactor with stirring arm and heating unit, add how 5 parts of sodium sulfonates of methylene-bis when 20 parts of water are heated to 35-40 ℃, 15 parts of 10 parts of tetradecyl fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfonates and methyl alcohol, stir, heating, when temperature reaches after 60 ℃, add 40 parts of maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymers, 10 parts of POLYPROPYLENE GLYCOL, continue to stir 30 minutes kinds, after dispersion to be dissolved completely, obtain water white liquid, make water-soluble anti-caking agent (being called for short rich nation aqua).
Chemical fertilizer laboratory sample: 15-15-15 urea-base compound fertilizer, powder solid
Anti-caking agent comparative sample: the oil body anti-hard caking agent FA3368(of Hubei Forbon Technology Co., Ltd. is called for short FA3368, lower with), FP18, domestic aqua, the agent of flower chloroazotic acid
Experimental result is as following table:
| Project | FA3368 | FP18 | Domestic aqua | The agent of flower chloroazotic acid | Rich nation aqua | Blank |
| Addition kg/t | 2.0 | 4.0 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 0 |
| Shatter value % | Wrap up unsuccessfully | 60 | 62 | 91 | 95 | 43 |
Embodiment 4:
Water-soluble anti-caking agent prescription is: 10 parts, water, 20 parts of n-propyl alcohols, 20 parts of dodecyl fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfonates, 40 parts of poly aspartic acids, 10 parts of polyepoxy sodium succinates, join in the reactor with stirring rake, water-soluble anti-caking agent preparation method is: to adding in the reactor with stirring arm and heating unit, add 20 parts of 20 parts of dodecyl fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfonates and n-propyl alcohols when 10 parts of water are heated to 35-40 ℃, stir, heating, when temperature reaches after 60 ℃, add 40 parts of poly aspartic acids, 10 parts of polyepoxy sodium succinates, continue to stir 30 minutes kinds, after dispersion to be dissolved completely, obtain water white liquid, make water-soluble anti-caking agent (being called for short rich nation aqua).
Chemical fertilizer laboratory sample: 15-15-15 urea-base compound fertilizer, powder solid
Anti-caking agent comparative sample: the oil body anti-hard caking agent FA3368(of Hubei Forbon Technology Co., Ltd. is called for short FA3368, lower with), FP18, domestic aqua, the agent of flower chloroazotic acid
Experimental result is as following table:
| Project | FA3368 | FP18 | Domestic aqua | The agent of flower chloroazotic acid | Rich nation aqua | Blank |
| Addition kg/t | 2.0 | 4.0 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 0 |
| Shatter value % | Wrap up unsuccessfully | 60 | 62 | 91 | 94 | 43 |
Embodiment 5:
Water-soluble anti-caking agent prescription is: 75 parts, water, 5 parts of methyl alcohol, 5 parts of Virahols, 5 parts of n-Octanol Soxylat A 25-7 carboxylic acid sodium, 10 parts of aqurous ployurethanes, water-soluble anti-caking agent preparation method is: to adding in the reactor with stirring arm and heating unit, add 5 parts of 5 parts of n-Octanol Soxylat A 25-7 carboxylic acid sodium and methyl alcohol when 75 parts of water are heated to 35-40 ℃, 5 parts of Virahols, stir, heating, when temperature reaches after 60 ℃, add 10 parts of aqurous ployurethanes, continue to stir 30 minutes kinds, after dispersion to be dissolved completely, obtain water white liquid, make water-soluble anti-caking agent (being called for short rich nation aqua).
Chemical fertilizer laboratory sample: punching fertilising KNO
3, crystalline solid
Anti-caking agent comparative sample: FA1665, FP18, domestic aqua, the agent of flower chloroazotic acid
Experimental result is as following table:
| Project | FA1665 | FP18 | Domestic aqua | The agent of flower chloroazotic acid | Rich nation aqua | Blank |
| Addition kg/t | 2.0 | 4.0 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 0 |
| Shatter value % | Wrap up unsuccessfully | 58 | 67 | 88 | 90 | 46 |
Embodiment 6:
Water-soluble anti-caking agent prescription is: 40 parts, water, 10 parts of ethanol, methylene-bis is 10 parts of sulfonic acid how, 10 parts of dodecyl fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 20 parts of polyvinylpyrrolidones, 10 parts of polymethyl acrylic acid, water-soluble anti-caking agent preparation method is: to adding in the reactor with stirring arm and heating unit, add how 10 parts of sulfonic acid of methylene-bis when 40 parts of water are heated to 35-40 ℃, 10 parts of dodecyl fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and 10 parts of ethanol, stir, heating, when temperature reaches after 60 ℃, add 20 parts of polyvinylpyrrolidones, 10 parts of polymethyl acrylic acid, continue to stir 30 minutes kinds, after dispersion to be dissolved completely, obtain water white liquid, make water-soluble anti-caking agent (being called for short rich nation aqua).
Chemical fertilizer laboratory sample: nitro high tower 15-15-15, granularity (2-4mm) 90%
Anti-caking agent comparative sample: FA1665, FP18, FA1665+FP18, domestic aqua, the agent of flower chloroazotic acid
Experimental result is as following table:
| Project | FA1665 | FP18 | FA1665+?FP18 | Domestic aqua | The agent of flower chloroazotic acid | Rich nation aqua | Blank |
| Addition kg/t | 2.0 | 4.0 | 1.5+3.0 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 0 |
| Shatter value % | 77 | 61 | 92 | 57 | 84 | 95 | 48 |
Claims (2)
1. a water-soluble anti-hard caking agent, it is characterized in that: water-soluble anti-caking agent be take low-carbon (LC) alcohol and water and formed as envelope vector and water-soluble polymer and surfactant compound, each material by mass percentage, water-soluble polymer: 10～50%, tensio-active agent: 5-20%, low-carbon alcohol: 10-20%, water: 10-75 %;
Described water-soluble polymer is: one or two or more kinds mixture in polyacrylamide, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polymethyl acrylic acid, sodium polymethacrylate, polymethyl acrylic acid potassium, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylic acid potassium, sodium polyacrylate, hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride, POLYPROPYLENE GLYCOL, maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, poly-epoxy succinic acid, polyepoxy sodium succinate, poly aspartic acid, poly (sodium aspartate), water soluble starch, aqurous ployurethane;
Described low-carbon alcohol is one or two or more kinds mixture in methyl alcohol, ethanol, Virahol, n-propyl alcohol;
Described tensio-active agent is one or two or more kinds mixture in fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether carboxylic acid sodium, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfonate, disecoctylmaleate sodium sulfonate, sodium methylene bis-naphthalene sulfonate;
Described fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether carboxylic acid sodium, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfonate are straight chain type or branched chain type, and carbonatoms is between 8～18, and oxyethane number is between 2～18;
The preparation method of described water-soluble anti-hard caking agent is: to adding in the reactor with stirring arm and heating unit, add 5-20% tensio-active agent and 10-20% low-carbon alcohol when 10-75% water is heated to 35-40 ℃, stir, heat, when temperature reaches after 60 ℃, add 10～50% water-soluble polymers, continue to stir 30 minutes kinds, after dispersion to be dissolved completely, obtain water-soluble anti-hard caking agent.
2. according to the preparation method of the water-soluble anti-hard caking agent described in right right 1, each material by mass percentage, it is characterized in that carrying out according to the following steps: to adding in the reactor with stirring arm and heating unit, when 10-75% water is heated to 35-40 ℃, add 5-20% tensio-active agent and 10-20% low-carbon alcohol, stir, heat, when temperature reaches after 60 ℃, add 10～50% water-soluble polymers, continue to stir 30 minutes kinds, after dispersion to be dissolved completely, obtain water-soluble anti-hard caking agent.
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