CN102786358A - Water-soluble anti-caking agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Water-soluble anti-caking agent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a water-soluble anti-caking agent and a preparation method of the water-soluble anti-caking agent. The water-soluble anti-caking agent is prepared by compounding water-soluble polymers which have low-carbon alcohol and water as enveloping carriers and a surface active agent, and comprises the materials in mass percent as follows: 10 to 50% of water-soluble polymer, 5 to 20% of surface active agent, 10 to 20% of low-carbon alcohol, and 10 to 75% of water; the preparation method comprises the following steps of adding water to a reaction kettle which is provided with agitating blades and a heating device and heating up to 35 to 40 DEG C; adding the surface active agent and the low-carbon alcohol; agitating and heating until the temperature reaches to 60 DEG C; adding the water-soluble polymer; and continuously agitating for 30 minutes until dissolution and dispersion are achieved completely, thus obtaining the water-soluble anti-caking agent. According to the anti-caking agent provided by the invention, the hydrophilic polymers are spread on the surface of the fertilizer so as to lock the free water molecules on the surface of the fertilizer and reduce the activity of low water molecules, as well as prevent a slat bridge from forming among fertilizer particles, thus preventing the fertilizer from caking.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of water-soluble anti-hard caking agent and preparation method thereof, be specially adapted to the preparation and the application of powdery or crystalloid anti-caking agent for fertilizer.
Background technology
No matter chemical fertilizer is powdery or granular, when some condition, can lump and loses flowability, and the phenomenon that forms lump is called fertilizer caking.The fertilizer caking phenomenon usually occurs in storage, loading and unloading and the transportation of material.The fertilizer caking major cause is between the chemical fertilizer granule because factors such as exchange of moisture, salinity dissolving recrystallize, generation salt bridge cause, and fertilizer caking not only influences the outward appearance of chemical fertilizer, also can reduce its service efficiency.In recent years, the development and utilization of chemical fertilizer preventing blocking technology has caused widely to be paid close attention to,
Anti-caking agent for fertilizer commonly used at present is oil soluble anti-hard caking agent, inertia powder anti-hard caking agent, oil-bound distemper mixing anti-hard caking agent and a spot of water-soluble anti-hard caking agent.
1) to adopt paraffin, alkylamine, silk dish-80, MO be raw material to Chinese patent (CN 101298400A), stirred 20～30 minutes down and process a kind of paste oil soluble anti-hard caking agent at 70 ℃～80 ℃.
This technology mainly utilize hydrophobic material such as paraffin on the fertilizer surface parcel, form one deck hydrophobic membrane, hinder between the fertiliser granulates and form salt bridge, thereby play preventing blocking effect.
2) Chinese patent (CN 101450878) is main raw material with the talcum, adds potassium felspar sand again, attapulgite is joined through fine grinding, surface-treated, mixing and process a kind of powdered anti-caking agent.
This technology, hinders directly contact between the fertilizer, thereby prevents fertilizer agglomeration in the fertilizer surface adsorption through inorganic powder.
3) Chinese patent (CN 101199921) is processed a kind of water soluble surfactant active with Gemini quaternary ammonium salt, AS, nonionogenic tenside, polymkeric substance and water uniform mixing.
This technology forms the fine and close hydrophobic membrane of one deck through the oriented adsorption of tensio-active agent, hinders the direct contact between chemical fertilizer granule, and reaches the purpose of anti-caking.
Oil soluble anti-hard caking agent and inertia powder anti-hard caking agent have certain preventing blocking effect to granular chemical fertilizer; The oil-bound distemper fiting effect is more remarkable; Its action principle all is to be wrapped to form hydrophobic membrane through the surface, hinders between the particle to form salt bridge, thereby reaches the effect of the anti-caking of chemical fertilizer.
Powdery or crystallization chemical fertilizer, because of its particle diameter is little, specific surface area is big, and fertilizer caking is serious, adopts the method for parcel oil-bound distemper can't realize; Simultaneously, along with the development in chemical fertilizer market, the demand of water-soluble chemical fertilizer constantly increases, and adopting water-soluble anti-caking agent will be the difficult problem that current fertilizer industry is badly in need of solution.
Summary of the invention
The method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of water-soluble anti-hard caking agent and preparation thereof is particularly useful for the preparation and the application of powdery or crystalloid anti-caking agent for fertilizer.The starting material that the present invention adopted are mainly water-soluble polymer, tensio-active agent and low-carbon alcohol.Cardinal principle of the present invention is to adopt hydrophilic polymer substance to spread over the fertilizer surface, the free water molecule on locking fertilizer surface, and the activity of reduction water molecules hinders the formation of salt bridge between the chemical fertilizer granule, thereby reaches the anti-caking of chemical fertilizer; Adopting tensio-active agent is to increase the spreadability of water-soluble high-molecular substance on the chemical fertilizer surface; The low-carbon (LC) alcohol and water is mainly as the anti-caking agent carrier.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of water-soluble anti-hard caking agent; It is characterized in that: water-soluble anti-caking agent is that envelope vector and water-soluble polymer and surfactant compound form with the low-carbon (LC) alcohol and water; Each material by mass percentage, water-soluble polymer: 10～50%, tensio-active agent: 5-20%, low-carbon alcohol: 10-20%, water: 10-75 %.
The water-soluble anti-hard caking agent of the present invention is best form and proportioning following, each material by mass percentage, water-soluble polymer: 30～40%, tensio-active agent: 10-20 %, low-carbon alcohol: 10-20 %, water: 20-50 %.
Described water-soluble polymer is: a kind of or mixture more than two kinds in SEPIGEL 305, Vinylpyrrolidone polymer, polymethyl acrylic acid, sodium polymethacrylate, polymethyl acrylic acid potassium, ROHM, polyacrylic acid potassium, ZX-I, hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride, POLYPROPYLENE GLYCOL, maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, poly-epoxy succinic acid, polyepoxy sodium succinate, SAP 73, poly (sodium aspartate), water soluble starch, the aqurous ployurethane.
Tensio-active agent is a how a kind of or mixture more than two kinds in the sodium sulfonate of AEO, AEO carboxylic acid sodium, AEO sodium sulfonate, maleic acid di-sec-octyl sodium sulfonate, methylene-bis.
Described AEO, AEO carboxylic acid sodium, AEO sodium sulfonate are straight chain type or branched chain type, and carbonatoms is between 8～18, and the oxyethane number is between 2～18.
Described low-carbon alcohol is a kind of in methyl alcohol, ethanol, Virahol, the n-propyl alcohol or mixture more than two kinds.
The preparation method of water-soluble anti-hard caking agent, each material is characterized in that carrying out according to the following steps by mass percentage: in the reaction kettle that has stirring arm and heating unit, add and add 5-20% tensio-active agent and 10-20% low-carbon alcohol when 10-75% water is heated to 35-40 ℃; Stir, heat; After temperature reaches 60 ℃, add 10～50% water-soluble polymers, continue to stir 30 fens kinds; After treating that dissolving disperses fully, obtain water-soluble anti-hard caking agent.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
The present invention adopts the moisture on hydrophilic macromolecule locking fertilizer surface, reduces the activity of water molecules, hinders the process of " dissolution-crystallization " between the chemical fertilizer granule, thereby realizes the purpose of anti-caking.Adopt the way of oil, powder coating to compare with tradition, consumption is few, and effect is better; Importantly water-soluble anti-caking agent has solved the problem that powdery or crystalloid chemical fertilizer can't be used oil, powder coating.
The anti-hard caking agent that the present invention produced does not receive fertilizer grain diameter influence, is not only applicable to common composite fertilizer, and powdered fertilizer is had good preventing blocking effect.
The anti-hard caking agent that the present invention produced has extraordinary wetting ability, does not influence the water-soluble of chemical fertilizer, and is pollution-free; The chemical fertilizer of tradition oil-bound distemper coating in use can produce oil slick and floating dust, is difficult for degraded in natural condition, causes environmental pollution.
Simple, the easy row of technological operation of the present invention is convenient to suitability for industrialized production.
Embodiment
Below the raw material of each embodiment calculate by mass parts.
Embodiment 1:
Water-soluble anti-caking agent prescription is: 40 parts in water, 10 parts of ethanol, 10 parts of dodecyl AEOs, 30 parts of Vinylpyrrolidone polymers, 10 parts of polymethyl acrylic acid; Water-soluble anti-caking agent preparation method is: in the reaction kettle that has stirring arm and heating unit, add and add 10 parts of dodecyl AEOs and 10 parts of ethanol when 40 parts of water are heated to 35-40 ℃; Stir, heat, after temperature reaches 60 ℃, add 30 parts of Vinylpyrrolidone polymers, 10 parts of polymethyl acrylic acid; Continue to stir 30 fens kinds; After treating that dissolving disperses fully, obtain water white liquid, make water-soluble anti-caking agent (being called for short rich nation aqua).
Chemical fertilizer laboratory sample: nitro high tower 15-15-15, granularity (2-4mm) 90%
Anti-caking agent comparative sample: the production of Hubei Forbon Technology Co., Ltd. has oil body anti-hard caking agent FA1665 now and (is called for short FA1665; Down with), the existing powder anti-hard caking agent FP18 of production (being called for short FP18) of Hubei Forbon Technology Co., Ltd., FA1665+FP18, homemade certain water-soluble anti-caking agent (being called for short homemade aqua), Spain spend chloroazotic acid dissolubility anti-caking agent (be called for short the agent of flower chloroazotic acid, down with)
Experimental result such as following table:
| Project | FA1665 | FP18 | FA1665+?FP18 | Homemade aqua | The agent of flower chloroazotic acid | Rich nation aqua | Blank |
| Addition kg/t | 2.0 | 4.0 | 1.5+3.0 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 0 |
| Shatter value % | 77 | 61 | 92 | 57 | 84 | 90 | 48 |
Embodiment 2:
Water-soluble anti-caking agent prescription is: 30 parts in water, 20 parts of Virahols, 5 parts of maleic acid di-sec-octyl sodium sulfonates, 5 parts of n-Octanol Soxylat A 25-7 carboxylic acid sodium, 25 parts of Vinylpyrrolidone polymers, 15 parts of hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydrides; Water-soluble anti-caking agent preparation method is: in the reaction kettle that has stirring arm and heating unit, add and add 5 parts of maleic acid di-sec-octyl sodium sulfonates, 5 parts and 20 parts Virahols of n-Octanol Soxylat A 25-7 carboxylic acid sodium when 30 parts of water are heated to 35-40 ℃; Stir, heat; After temperature reaches 60 ℃; Add 25 parts of Vinylpyrrolidone polymers, 15 parts of hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydrides, continue to stir 30 fens kinds, after waiting to dissolve dispersion fully; Obtain water white liquid, make water-soluble anti-caking agent (being called for short rich nation aqua).
Chemical fertilizer laboratory sample: dash fertilising KNO
3, crystalline solid
Anti-caking agent comparative sample: FA1665, FP18, homemade aqua, the agent of flower chloroazotic acid
Experimental result such as following table:
| Project | FA1665 | FP18 | Homemade aqua | The agent of flower chloroazotic acid | Rich nation aqua | Blank |
| Addition kg/t | 2.0 | 4.0 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 0 |
| Shatter value % | The parcel failure | 58 | 67 | 88 | 92 | 46 |
Embodiment 3:
Water-soluble anti-caking agent prescription is: 20 parts in water, 15 parts of methyl alcohol, methylene-bis is 5 parts of sodium sulfonates, 10 parts of tetradecyl AEO sodium sulfonates, 40 parts of maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymers, 10 parts of POLYPROPYLENE GLYCOLs how; Join in the reactor drum that has stirring rake; Water-soluble anti-caking agent preparation method is: add methylene-bis how 15 parts of 5 parts of sodium sulfonates, 10 parts of tetradecyl AEO sodium sulfonates and methyl alcohol when in the reaction kettle that has stirring arm and heating unit, adding 20 parts of water and being heated to 35-40 ℃; Stir, heat, after temperature reaches 60 ℃, add 40 parts of maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymers, 10 parts of POLYPROPYLENE GLYCOLs; Continue to stir 30 fens kinds; After treating that dissolving disperses fully, obtain water white liquid, make water-soluble anti-caking agent (being called for short rich nation aqua).
Chemical fertilizer laboratory sample: 15-15-15 urea-base compound fertilizer, powder solid
Anti-caking agent comparative sample: the oil body anti-hard caking agent FA3368 of Hubei Forbon Technology Co., Ltd. (being called for short FA3368, down together), FP18, homemade aqua, the agent of flower chloroazotic acid
Experimental result such as following table:
| Project | FA3368 | FP18 | Homemade aqua | The agent of flower chloroazotic acid | Rich nation aqua | Blank |
| Addition kg/t | 2.0 | 4.0 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 0 |
| Shatter value % | The parcel failure | 60 | 62 | 91 | 95 | 43 |
Embodiment 4:
Water-soluble anti-caking agent prescription is: 10 parts in water, 20 parts of n-propyl alcohols, 20 parts of dodecyl AEO sodium sulfonates, 40 parts of SAP 73s, 10 parts of polyepoxy sodium succinates; Join in the reactor drum that has stirring rake; Water-soluble anti-caking agent preparation method is: add 20 parts of 20 parts of dodecyl AEO sodium sulfonates and n-propyl alcohols when 10 parts of water of interpolation are heated to 35-40 ℃ in the reaction kettle that has stirring arm and heating unit; Stir, heat, after temperature reaches 60 ℃, add 40 parts of SAP 73s, 10 parts of polyepoxy sodium succinates; Continue to stir 30 fens kinds; After treating that dissolving disperses fully, obtain water white liquid, make water-soluble anti-caking agent (being called for short rich nation aqua).
Chemical fertilizer laboratory sample: 15-15-15 urea-base compound fertilizer, powder solid
Anti-caking agent comparative sample: the oil body anti-hard caking agent FA3368 of Hubei Forbon Technology Co., Ltd. (being called for short FA3368, down together), FP18, homemade aqua, the agent of flower chloroazotic acid
Experimental result such as following table:
| Project | FA3368 | FP18 | Homemade aqua | The agent of flower chloroazotic acid | Rich nation aqua | Blank |
| Addition kg/t | 2.0 | 4.0 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 0 |
| Shatter value % | The parcel failure | 60 | 62 | 91 | 94 | 43 |
Embodiment 5:
Water-soluble anti-caking agent prescription is: 75 parts in water, 5 parts of methyl alcohol, 5 parts of Virahols, 5 parts of n-Octanol Soxylat A 25-7 carboxylic acid sodium, 10 parts of aqurous ployurethanes; Water-soluble anti-caking agent preparation method is: add 5 parts of n-Octanol Soxylat A 25-7 carboxylic acid sodium and 5 parts of methyl alcohol, 5 parts of Virahols when 75 parts of water of interpolation are heated to 35-40 ℃ in the reaction kettle that has stirring arm and heating unit; Stir, heat, after temperature reaches 60 ℃, add 10 parts of aqurous ployurethanes; Continue to stir 30 fens kinds; After treating that dissolving disperses fully, obtain water white liquid, make water-soluble anti-caking agent (being called for short rich nation aqua).
Chemical fertilizer laboratory sample: dash fertilising KNO
3, crystalline solid
Anti-caking agent comparative sample: FA1665, FP18, homemade aqua, the agent of flower chloroazotic acid
Experimental result such as following table:
| Project | FA1665 | FP18 | Homemade aqua | The agent of flower chloroazotic acid | Rich nation aqua | Blank |
| Addition kg/t | 2.0 | 4.0 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 0 |
| Shatter value % | The parcel failure | 58 | 67 | 88 | 90 | 46 |
Embodiment 6:
Water-soluble anti-caking agent prescription is: 40 parts in water, 10 parts of ethanol, methylene-bis is 10 parts of sulfonic acid, 10 parts of dodecyl AEOs, 20 parts of Vinylpyrrolidone polymers, 10 parts of polymethyl acrylic acid how; Water-soluble anti-caking agent preparation method is: add methylene-bis how 10 parts, 10 parts dodecyl AEOs of sulfonic acid and 10 parts of ethanol when in the reaction kettle that has stirring arm and heating unit, adding 40 parts of water and being heated to 35-40 ℃; Stir, heat; After temperature reaches 60 ℃; Add 20 parts of Vinylpyrrolidone polymers, 10 parts of polymethyl acrylic acid, continue to stir 30 fens kinds, after waiting to dissolve dispersion fully; Obtain water white liquid, make water-soluble anti-caking agent (being called for short rich nation aqua).
Chemical fertilizer laboratory sample: nitro high tower 15-15-15, granularity (2-4mm) 90%
Anti-caking agent comparative sample: FA1665, FP18, FA1665+FP18, homemade aqua, the agent of flower chloroazotic acid
Experimental result such as following table:
| Project | FA1665 | FP18 | FA1665+?FP18 | Homemade aqua | The agent of flower chloroazotic acid | Rich nation aqua | Blank |
| Addition kg/t | 2.0 | 4.0 | 1.5+3.0 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 0 |
| Shatter value % | 77 | 61 | 92 | 57 | 84 | 95 | 48 |
Claims (6)
1. water-soluble anti-hard caking agent; It is characterized in that: water-soluble anti-caking agent is that envelope vector and water-soluble polymer and surfactant compound form with the low-carbon (LC) alcohol and water; Each material by mass percentage, water-soluble polymer: 10～50%, tensio-active agent: 5-20%, low-carbon alcohol: 10-20%, water: 10-75 %.
2. a kind of water-soluble anti-hard caking agent according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described water-soluble polymer is: a kind of in SEPIGEL 305, Vinylpyrrolidone polymer, polymethyl acrylic acid, sodium polymethacrylate, polymethyl acrylic acid potassium, ROHM, polyacrylic acid potassium, ZX-I, hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride, POLYPROPYLENE GLYCOL, maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, poly-epoxy succinic acid, polyepoxy sodium succinate, SAP 73, poly (sodium aspartate), water soluble starch, the aqurous ployurethane or mixture more than two kinds.
3. water-soluble anti-hard caking agent according to claim 1 is characterized in that: tensio-active agent is AEO, AEO carboxylic acid sodium, AEO sodium sulfonate, maleic acid di-sec-octyl sodium sulfonate, methylene-bis how a kind of in the sodium sulfonate or mixture more than two kinds.
4. water-soluble anti-hard caking agent according to claim 3; It is characterized in that: described AEO, AEO carboxylic acid sodium, AEO sodium sulfonate are straight chain type or branched chain type; Carbonatoms is between 8～18, and the oxyethane number is between 2～18.
5. water-soluble anti-hard caking agent according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described low-carbon alcohol is a kind of in methyl alcohol, ethanol, Virahol, the n-propyl alcohol or mixture more than two kinds.
6. according to the preparation method of one of right right 1-5 described water-soluble anti-hard caking agent, each material is characterized in that carrying out according to the following steps by mass percentage: in the reaction kettle that has stirring arm and heating unit, add and add 5-20% tensio-active agent and 10-20% low-carbon alcohol when 10-75% water is heated to 35-40 ℃; Stir, heat; After temperature reaches 60 ℃, add 10～50% water-soluble polymers, continue to stir 30 fens kinds; After treating that dissolving disperses fully, obtain water-soluble anti-hard caking agent.
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