CN106116806A - A kind of potassium nitrate anticaking agent and preparation thereof and using method - Google Patents
A kind of potassium nitrate anticaking agent and preparation thereof and using method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106116806A CN106116806A CN201610444790.1A CN201610444790A CN106116806A CN 106116806 A CN106116806 A CN 106116806A CN 201610444790 A CN201610444790 A CN 201610444790A CN 106116806 A CN106116806 A CN 106116806A
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- potassium nitrate
- agent
- anticaking agent
- caking
- anticaking
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/20—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for preventing the fertilisers being reduced to powder; Anti-dusting additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C5/00—Fertilisers containing other nitrates
- C05C5/02—Fertilisers containing other nitrates containing sodium or potassium nitrate
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of potassium nitrate anticaking agent and preparation thereof and using method, this anti-caking agent is according to mass percent, composed of the following components: water 25 55%, brilliant control agent 15 25%, dispersant 15 30%, coating agent 0.5 15%, emulsifying agent 0.5 10%, diluent 2 15%.The present invention relates to the preparation method of this anticaking agent, including dispensing order and stirring until the step such as be uniformly dispersed.During use, it is coated uniformly on potassium nitrate crystals surface after being atomized by this anticaking agent, is the most therewith dried.It is good that the present invention has anti-caking performance, low cost, and preparation method is simple, easy to use, does not affect the advantages such as potassium nitrate normally production, has a good application prospect.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to chemical fertilizer anti-caking field, be specifically related to a kind of potassium nitrate anticaking agent and preparation thereof and user
Method.
Background technology:
Potassium nitrate is water white transparency tiltedly side or rhomboidan, is usually used in the fields such as gunpowder, pottery, glass, food manufacturing.Nitre
Acid potassium is also a kind of excellent nitrogen potash fertilizer, and nutrient content, more than 58%, wherein contains nitrate nitrogen and 46% left side of about 13%
Right K2O, is highly suitable on crop using.But potassium nitrate easily lumps, need in use to carry out break process, give and produce
Bring great inconvenience.More seriously, potassium nitrate is a kind of oxidant, when pulverizing, easily explodes because of shock, band
Carry out the biggest potential safety hazard.Therefore, the anti-caking of potassium nitrate is worked the most extremely important.
The main method of prevention potassium nitrate caking is to add potassium carbonate the most in process of production, but the method exists a lot
Problem, on the one hand potassium carbonate addition is bigger, causes cost higher.On the other hand, hygroscopic property is belonged to due to potassium carbonate
Material, after joining potassium nitrate, easily water suction causes potassium nitrate again to lump as time went on.
Chinese patent document CN1467156A (application number: 02112465.5) discloses a kind of potassium nitrate anticaking agent, its
Weight percent consists of: carbon number is the alkylsulfonate 1～90wt% of 10～14, phosphatase 11～75wt%, water 0～
90wt%.It is used for preparing anti-caking potassium nitrate is addition potassium nitrate anticaking agent before potassium nitrate crystal operation, stirring,
Maintaining 30～60 minutes at 60～100 DEG C, cooled, crystallization obtains anti-caking potassium nitrate product.Chinese patent document
CN1180048 A (application number: 96111945.4) discloses a kind of anticaking agent preventing potassium nitrate from luming and application thereof.It is
Being pressed necessarily by alkylaryl sulfonate, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether and poly-silica ether-5s of trace is added in potassium nitrate solution
The anti-caking agent that proportioning is mixed to get, makes the organic substance that hydrophilic Surface coating is hydrophobic, plane of crystal after potassium nitrate crystal
Define a water resistant layer, prevent the moisture absorption and reduce water content, serving anti-caking effect.Zhang Wenzhao etc. are in " Jiangsu
Work " the 3rd phase in 1991 discloses a kind of anti-caking potassium nitrate, is to add about 0.05% sulfonic acid type table during Production of Potassium Nitrate
Face activating agent, reacts 50 minutes at 80 DEG C, and pH value of solution controls 6.5～7, reacts after terminating through cooling down, crystallize, filter, drying
Anti-caking potassium nitrate is i.e. obtained after Gan.
Although above-mentioned three kinds of potassium nitrate anticaking agents play a role for the anti-caking of potassium nitrate, but, it is all
Added before potassium nitrate crystal operation, need after addition to maintain a period of time at a certain temperature, it is impossible to produce continuously, this nothing
Doubt and have impact on production efficiency, and due to the addition of anticaking agent, easily cause potassium nitrate solution composition disorderly, bubble, cause
Potassium nitrate crystal is abnormal.
It addition, common potassium nitrate anti-caking method also has adds powder anticaking agent in potassium nitrate crystals, but by
Mostly not blending equipment during Production of Potassium Nitrate, cause powder anticaking agent to disperse in potassium nitrate irregular, effect is not
Good.Powder anticaking agent is added, it is possible to achieve be uniformly dispersed, but be often negative due to drying equipment in potassium nitrate drying device
Pressure, powder anticaking agent is easily entrained by the flow of air, and causes damage.
Summary of the invention:
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of potassium nitrate anticaking agent and preparation thereof and using method.Solve
Certainly common potassium nitrate anticaking agent adds the production efficiency caused lowly before crystallization, and potassium nitrate solution composition is disorderly, bubbles, nitre
The problems such as the problems such as acid potassium crystallization is abnormal, solve the dispersion of powder anticaking agent uneven simultaneously, easy loss.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of potassium nitrate anticaking agent, this anti-caking agent is according to mass percent, composed of the following components:
Water 25-55%, brilliant control agent 15-25%, dispersant 15-30%, coating agent 0.5-15%, emulsifying agent 0.5-10%,
Diluent 2-15%.
According to the invention it is preferred to, described brilliant control agent is ten sodium alkyl sulfonates, dodecyl sodium sulfate, dodecyl
One or more mixing in benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt, sodium cetanesulfonate, cetyl benzenesulfonic acid sodium.
According to the invention it is preferred to, described dispersant is naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate, the contracting of methyl naphthalene sulfonic acid sodium formaldehyde
One or more mixing in compound, benzyl naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate.
According to the invention it is preferred to, described coating agent is Polyethylene Glycol, and mean molecule quantity is 200-600；The most excellent
Select Polyethylene Glycol-200, PEG-4000 or Polyethylene Glycol-600.
According to the invention it is preferred to, described emulsifying agent is sorbitanmonolaureate, sorbitol anhydride list Palmic acid
One or more mixing in ester, sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan mono-oleic acid ester.
According to the invention it is preferred to, described diluent is one or both mixing in methanol, ethanol.
According to the invention it is preferred to, this anti-caking agent is according to mass percent, composed of the following components:
Water 30-45%, brilliant control agent 20-25%, dispersant 20-25%, coating agent 1-6%, emulsifying agent 5-10%, diluent
5-10%.
According to the invention it is preferred to, this anti-caking agent is according to mass percent, composed of the following components:
Water 40%, brilliant control agent 20%, dispersant 20%, coating agent 1%, emulsifying agent 10%, diluent 9%.
In the present invention, brilliant control agent is ten sodium alkyl sulfonates, dodecyl sodium sulfate, dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate, hexadecane
At least one in base sodium sulfonate, cetyl benzenesulfonic acid sodium, brilliant control agent is respectively provided with hydrophilic sulfonic group and hydrophobic alkane chain,
Sulfonic group can adsorb on potassium nitrate crystals surface, can play interference effect during potassium nitrate recrystallization, and alkane chain then can be
Play buffer action between potassium nitrate granules, make crystal loose, and surface polarity can be reduced, stop outside moisture to enter.
Dispersant is in naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate, methyl naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, benzyl naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate
At least one, can make brilliant control agent, coating agent, emulsifying agent, diluent be dispersed in potassium nitrate crystals surface.Coating agent is poly-
Ethylene glycol, mean molecule quantity is 200-600, can be wrapped in potassium nitrate granules surface, makes potassium nitrate granules have a strata second two
Alcohol wraps up, and cuts off the connection between granule, reduces caking phenomenon.Emulsifying agent is sorbitanmonolaureate, sorbitol anhydride list
At least one in cetylate, sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan mono-oleic acid ester, can make potassium nitrate anticaking agent
Present emulsion state, prevent anticaking agent to be layered, improve ease of use.Diluent is at least one in methanol, ethanol, can
Suitably to reduce the viscosity of anticaking agent, during being conducive to using, the atomization of anticaking agent, improves using effect.
According to the present invention, the preparation method of above-mentioned potassium nitrate anticaking agent, comprise the following steps that
Water, diluent are uniformly mixed, are subsequently adding brilliant control agent and dispersant, mix homogeneously, are eventually adding parcel
Agent, emulsifying agent continue to stir until being uniformly dispersed, and obtain potassium nitrate anticaking agent.
According to the present invention, the using method of above-mentioned potassium nitrate anticaking agent, comprise the following steps that
During potassium nitrate is high temperature vulcanized, add the potassium nitrate anti-caking being atomized in the high temperature fluidized bed import department of potassium nitrate
Agent so that it is even application, on potassium nitrate crystals surface, is dried with potassium nitrate one piece after high temperature fluidized bed, and potassium nitrate is prevented
Agglomeration agent consumption is 3-5 kg/tonne of potassium nitrate.
Compared with prior art, the invention have the benefit that
1, the potassium nitrate anticaking agent agglomeration preventing performance of the present invention is excellent, and anti-caking potassium nitrate product is placed for a long time, will not
There is caking phenomenon.
2, the preparation method of potassium nitrate anticaking agent of the present invention is according to a certain percentage, sequentially to stir various raw materials to dividing
Dissipate uniformly, there is the advantages such as preparation is simple, technology requirement is low.
3, the using method of potassium nitrate anticaking agent of the present invention is after potassium nitrate crystal, and high temperature fluidized bed import department adds
Add, do not affect potassium nitrate normal crystallization.Anticaking agent is liquid simultaneously, is coated in potassium nitrate brilliant at fluid bed inlet after atomization
Entering high temperature fluidized bed being dried behind surface, stirring along with potassium nitrate crystals in dry run, in potassium nitrate crystals
Surface is the most scattered evenly, and will not be entrained by the flow of air.Solve common potassium nitrate anticaking agent to add before crystallization
The production efficiency caused is low, and potassium nitrate solution composition is disorderly, bubbles, and the problems such as potassium nitrate crystal is abnormal also solve simultaneously
The dispersion of powder anticaking agent is uneven, easily the problem of loss.Therefore, the present invention is easy to use, does not affect potassium nitrate normal
Continuous production, drastically increase production efficiency.
4, the potassium nitrate anticaking agent addition of the present invention is 3-5 kg/tonne of potassium nitrate, and usage amount is little, therefore produces into
This is lower, and the purity of potassium nitrate is the highest.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described further.But protection scope of the present invention is not limited only to embodiment
Content involved by.
The raw materials used convenient source that is, commercial products in embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Potassium nitrate anticaking agent forms:
Consist of according to mass fraction raw material: water 40%, dodecyl sodium sulfate 20%, naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate
20%, sorbitan mono-oleic acid ester 10%, Polyethylene Glycol-600 (mean molecule quantity 600) 1%, ethanol 9%.
Prepared by potassium nitrate anticaking agent:
First being mixed with ethanol by water, be subsequently adding dodecyl sodium sulfate and naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate, stirring is all
Adding sorbitan mono-oleic acid ester and Polyethylene Glycol-600 (mean molecule quantity 600) after even, continuing stirring, until being uniformly dispersed.
Potassium nitrate anticaking agent uses:
The anticaking agent being atomized is added so that it is even application is in potassium nitrate crystals in the high temperature fluidized bed import department of potassium nitrate
Surface, is dried with potassium nitrate one piece after high temperature fluidized bed, and anti-caking agent consumption is 5 kgs/tonne of potassium nitrate.
Potassium nitrate anticaking agent effect:
Above-mentioned potassium nitrate, with 50 kilograms of packagings, piling 20 layers, stores 1 month, starts from above layer caking rate second from the bottom
Being respectively less than 5%, caking potassium nitrate one touches the most broken, for false caking.
Embodiment 2
Potassium nitrate anticaking agent forms:
Consist of according to mass fraction raw material: water 35%, ten sodium alkyl sulfonates 25%, naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate
25%, sorbitol anhydride monopalmitate 5%, Polyethylene Glycol-600 (mean molecule quantity 600) 5%, ethanol 5%.
Prepared by potassium nitrate anticaking agent:
First water is mixed with ethanol, be subsequently adding ten sodium alkyl sulfonates and naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate, stir
Rear addition sorbitol anhydride monopalmitate and Polyethylene Glycol-600 (mean molecule quantity 600), continue stirring, until being uniformly dispersed.
Potassium nitrate anticaking agent uses:
With embodiment 1, difference is, anti-caking agent consumption is 3 kgs/tonne of potassium nitrate.
Potassium nitrate anticaking agent effect:
Above-mentioned potassium nitrate, with 50 kilograms of packagings, piling 20 layers, stores 1 month, starts from above layer caking rate second from the bottom
Being respectively less than 6%, caking potassium nitrate one touches the most broken, for false caking.
Embodiment 3
Potassium nitrate anticaking agent forms:
Consist of according to mass fraction raw material: water 35%, ten sodium alkyl sulfonates 25%, naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate
15%, methyl naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate 10%, sorbitol anhydride monopalmitate 5%, PEG-4000 (mean molecule quantity
400) 2%, ethanol 8%.
Prepared by potassium nitrate anticaking agent:
First water is mixed with ethanol, be subsequently adding ten sodium alkyl sulfonates, naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate and methyl naphthalene sulphur
Acid sodium formaldehyde condensation substance, is stirring evenly and then adding into sorbitol anhydride monopalmitate and PEG-4000 (mean molecule quantity 400),
Continue stirring, until being uniformly dispersed.
Potassium nitrate anticaking agent uses:
With embodiment 1, difference is, anti-caking agent consumption is 3 kgs/tonne of potassium nitrate.
Potassium nitrate anticaking agent effect:
Above-mentioned potassium nitrate, with 50 kilograms of packagings, piling 20 layers, stores 1 month, starts from above layer caking rate second from the bottom
Being respectively less than 10%, caking potassium nitrate one touches the most broken, for false caking.
Embodiment 4
Potassium nitrate anticaking agent forms:
Consist of according to mass fraction raw material: water 50%, dodecyl sodium sulfate 15%, naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate
20%, sorbitan mono-oleic acid ester 5%, PEG-4000 (mean molecule quantity 400) 2%, ethanol 8%.
Prepared by potassium nitrate anticaking agent:
First water is mixed with ethanol, be subsequently adding dodecyl sodium sulfate, naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate, stir
Rear addition sorbitan mono-oleic acid ester and PEG-4000 (mean molecule quantity 400), continue stirring, until being uniformly dispersed.
Potassium nitrate anticaking agent uses:
With embodiment 1.
Potassium nitrate anticaking agent effect:
Above-mentioned potassium nitrate, with 50 kilograms of packagings, piling 20 layers, stores 1 month, starts from above layer caking rate second from the bottom
Being respectively less than 10%, caking potassium nitrate one touches the most broken, for false caking.
Embodiment 5
Potassium nitrate anticaking agent forms:
Consisting of according to mass fraction raw material: water 25%, sodium cetanesulfonate 20%, methyl naphthalene sulfonic acid sodium formaldehyde is condensed
Thing 29%, sorbitan monostearate 10%, Polyethylene Glycol-200 (mean molecule quantity 200) 1%, ethanol 15%.
Prepared by potassium nitrate anticaking agent:
First water is mixed with ethanol, be subsequently adding sodium cetanesulfonate and methyl naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, stir
Add sorbitan monostearate and Polyethylene Glycol-200 (mean molecule quantity 200) after mixing uniformly, continue stirring, until dispersion
Uniformly.
Potassium nitrate anticaking agent uses:
The anticaking agent being atomized is added so that it is even application is in potassium nitrate crystals in the high temperature fluidized bed import department of potassium nitrate
Surface, is dried with potassium nitrate one piece after high temperature fluidized bed, and anti-caking agent consumption is 5 kgs/tonne of potassium nitrate.
Embodiment 6
Potassium nitrate anticaking agent forms:
Consisting of according to mass fraction raw material: water 55%, cetyl benzenesulfonic acid sodium 15%, benzyl naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde contracts
Compound 15%, sorbitan monostearate 10%, PEG-4000 (mean molecule quantity 400) 1%, ethanol 4%.
Prepared by potassium nitrate anticaking agent:
First water is mixed with ethanol, is subsequently adding cetyl benzenesulfonic acid sodium and benzyl naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate,
It is stirring evenly and then adding into sorbitan monostearate and PEG-4000 (mean molecule quantity 400), continues stirring, until point
Dissipate uniformly.
Potassium nitrate anticaking agent uses:
The anticaking agent being atomized is added so that it is even application is in potassium nitrate crystals in the high temperature fluidized bed import department of potassium nitrate
Surface, is dried with potassium nitrate one piece after high temperature fluidized bed, and anti-caking agent consumption is 5 kgs/tonne of potassium nitrate.
Specific embodiments described herein is only to present invention spirit explanation for example.The technical field of the invention
The specific embodiment described can be made various amendment or supplements or use similar mode to substitute by technical staff, but not
The spirit of the present invention can be deviateed or surmount scope defined in appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a potassium nitrate anticaking agent, it is characterised in that this anti-caking agent is according to mass percent, composed of the following components:
Water 25-55%, brilliant control agent 15-25%, dispersant 15-30%, coating agent 0.5-15%, emulsifying agent 0.5-10%, dilution
Agent 2-15%.
Described potassium nitrate anticaking agent the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that brilliant control agent is ten alkyl sulfonic acids
One in sodium, dodecyl sodium sulfate, dodecylbenzene sodium sulfonate, sodium cetanesulfonate, cetyl benzenesulfonic acid sodium or
Two or more mixing.
Described potassium nitrate anticaking agent the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described dispersant is LOMAR PWA EINECS 246-676-2
One or more in sodium formaldehyde condensation substance, methyl naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, benzyl naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate
Mixing.
Described potassium nitrate anticaking agent the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described coating agent is poly-second two
Alcohol, mean molecule quantity is 200-600.
Described potassium nitrate anticaking agent the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described emulsifying agent is sorbitol
One in acid anhydride monolaurate, sorbitol anhydride monopalmitate, sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan mono-oleic acid ester or
Two or more mixing.
Described potassium nitrate anticaking agent the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described diluent be methanol,
One or both mixing in ethanol.
Described potassium nitrate anticaking agent the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that this anti-caking agent is according to percent mass
Than counting, composed of the following components:
Water 30-45%, brilliant control agent 20-25%, dispersant 20-25%, coating agent 1-6%, emulsifying agent 5-10%, diluent 5-
10%.
Described potassium nitrate anticaking agent the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that this anti-caking agent is according to percent mass
Than counting, composed of the following components:
Water 40%, brilliant control agent 20%, dispersant 20%, coating agent 1%, emulsifying agent 10%, diluent 9%.
9. a preparation method for the potassium nitrate anticaking agent described in any one of claim 1-8, comprises the following steps that
Water, diluent are uniformly mixed, are subsequently adding brilliant control agent and dispersant, mix homogeneously, are eventually adding coating agent, breast
Agent continues to stir until being uniformly dispersed, and obtains potassium nitrate anticaking agent.
10. a using method for the potassium nitrate anticaking agent described in any one of claim 1-8, comprises the following steps that
During potassium nitrate is high temperature vulcanized, add the potassium nitrate anticaking agent being atomized in the high temperature fluidized bed import department of potassium nitrate,
Make its even application on potassium nitrate crystals surface, be dried with potassium nitrate one piece after high temperature fluidized bed, potassium nitrate anti-caking
Block agent consumption is 3-5 kg/tonne of potassium nitrate.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107353134A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2017-11-17 | 北京尧之龙科技发展有限公司 | A kind of special anticaking agent of UHA |
| CN107417407A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2017-12-01 | 北京尧之龙科技发展有限公司 | A kind of powdery potassium nitrate anticaking agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN108264412A (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2018-07-10 | 北京尧之龙科技发展有限公司 | A kind of special anticaking agent of sulphur ammonium and its preparation method and application |
| CN115787140A (en) * | 2022-12-07 | 2023-03-14 | 西南科技大学 | Submicron-order potassium nitrate fiber and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN102190532A (en) * | 2011-05-03 | 2011-09-21 | 湖北富邦科技股份有限公司 | Ammonium chloride anticaking agent |
| CN102786358A (en) * | 2012-08-29 | 2012-11-21 | 湖北富邦科技股份有限公司 | Water-soluble anti-caking agent and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1180048A (en) * | 1996-08-30 | 1998-04-29 | 西宁星火化工厂 | Composition for preventing potassium nitrate from caking and application thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107353134A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2017-11-17 | 北京尧之龙科技发展有限公司 | A kind of special anticaking agent of UHA |
| CN107417407A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2017-12-01 | 北京尧之龙科技发展有限公司 | A kind of powdery potassium nitrate anticaking agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN107417407B (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2020-11-17 | 北京尧之龙科技发展有限公司 | Powdery potassium nitrate anti-caking agent and preparation method thereof |
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| CN108264412A (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2018-07-10 | 北京尧之龙科技发展有限公司 | A kind of special anticaking agent of sulphur ammonium and its preparation method and application |
| CN108264412B (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2021-06-18 | 北京尧之龙科技发展有限公司 | Special anti-caking agent for ammonium sulfate and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115787140A (en) * | 2022-12-07 | 2023-03-14 | 西南科技大学 | Submicron-order potassium nitrate fiber and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115787140B (en) * | 2022-12-07 | 2024-04-02 | 西南科技大学 | Submicron potassium nitrate fiber and preparation method and application thereof |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN106116806B (en) | 2019-11-15 |
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