CN106116806B - A kind of potassium nitrate anticaking agent and its preparation and application method - Google Patents

A kind of potassium nitrate anticaking agent and its preparation and application method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106116806B
CN106116806B CN201610444790.1A CN201610444790A CN106116806B CN 106116806 B CN106116806 B CN 106116806B CN 201610444790 A CN201610444790 A CN 201610444790A CN 106116806 B CN106116806 B CN 106116806B
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potassium nitrate
agent
anticaking agent
caking
anticaking
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CN106116806A (en
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张营
郭宗端
裴海荣
李伟
李新柱
胡兆平
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Kingenta Ecological Engineering Group Co Ltd
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Kingenta Ecological Engineering Group Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/20Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for preventing the fertilisers being reduced to powder; Anti-dusting additives
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05CNITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C5/00Fertilisers containing other nitrates
    • C05C5/02Fertilisers containing other nitrates containing sodium or potassium nitrate

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of potassium nitrate anticaking agent and its preparation and application method, the anti-caking agent is composed of the following components according to mass percent meter: water 25-55%, crystalline substance control agent 15-25%, dispersing agent 15-30%, coating agent 0.5-15%, emulsifier 0.5-10%, diluent 2-15%.The present invention relates to the preparation method of the anticaking agent, including ingredient sequence and stirring are until be uniformly dispersed.In use, finally therewith being dried potassium nitrate crystals surface is coated uniformly on after anticaking agent atomization.The present invention has anti-caking performance good, and at low cost, preparation method is simple, easy to use, does not influence the advantages that potassium nitrate normally produces, has a good application prospect.

Description

A kind of potassium nitrate anticaking agent and its preparation and application method
Technical field:
The invention belongs to chemical fertilizer anti-caking fields, and in particular to a kind of potassium nitrate anticaking agent and its preparation and user Method.
Background technique:
Potassium nitrate is colorless and transparent rectangle or rhomboidan, is usually used in the fields such as gunpowder, ceramics, glass, food manufacturing.Nitre Sour potassium is also a kind of excellent nitrogen potash fertilizer, and nutrient content is 58% or more, wherein left containing 13% or so nitrate nitrogen and 46% Right K2O is highly suitable for using on crop.But potassium nitrate easily agglomerates, and needs to carry out break process when in use, to production Bring great inconvenience.More seriously, potassium nitrate is a kind of oxidant, when crushing, is easily exploded because of shock, band Carry out very big security risk.Therefore, just extremely important to the anti-caking work of potassium nitrate.
The main method of prevention potassium nitrate agglomeration is potassium carbonate to be added, but the method is in the presence of many in process of production at present Problem, one side potassium carbonate additional amount is bigger, causes cost relatively high.On the other hand, since potassium carbonate belongs to hygroscopic property Substance, after being added to potassium nitrate, being easy water suction as time went on causes potassium nitrate to agglomerate again.
Chinese patent document CN1467156A (application number: 02112465.5) disclosing a kind of potassium nitrate anticaking agent, Weight percent composition are as follows: carbon atom number is 10~14 1~90wt% of alkylsulfonate, phosphatase 11~75wt%, water 0~ 90wt%.It is that potassium nitrate anticaking agent is added before potassium nitrate crystal process that it, which is used to prepare anti-caking potassium nitrate, stirring, In It is maintained 30~60 minutes at 60~100 DEG C, obtains anti-caking potassium nitrate product through cooling, crystallization.Chinese patent document CN1180048 A (application number: 96111945.4) disclose it is a kind of prevent potassium nitrate agglomerate anticaking agent and its application.It is Be added in potassium nitrate solution it is micro by alkylaryl sulfonate, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and poly- silicon oxygen ether -5s by certain The anti-caking agent being mixed to get is matched, so that hydrophilic surface has been coated hydrophobic organic substance, the plane of crystal after potassium nitrate crystal A water resistant layer is formd, the moisture absorption is prevented and reduces water content, plays the role of anti-caking.Zhang Wenzhao etc. is in " Jiangsu Work " the 3rd phase in 1991 discloses a kind of anti-caking potassium nitrate, and it is that about 0.05% sulfonic acid type table is added during Production of Potassium Nitrate Face activating agent reacts 50 minutes at 80 DEG C, and pH value of solution is controlled 6.5~7, after reaction through cooling, crystallization, filtering, baking Up to anti-caking potassium nitrate after dry.
Although above-mentioned three kinds of potassium nitrate anticaking agents play a role for the anti-caking of potassium nitrate, be all It is added before potassium nitrate crystal process, needs to maintain a period of time at a certain temperature after addition, be unable to continuous production, this nothing It doubts and affects production efficiency, and due to the addition of anticaking agent, easily cause potassium nitrate solution ingredient disorder, blister, cause Potassium nitrate crystal is abnormal.
In addition, there are also the addition powder anticaking agents in potassium nitrate crystals for common potassium nitrate anti-caking block method, but by Powder anticaking agent is caused to disperse in potassium nitrate irregular, effect is not without blending equipment mostly during Production of Potassium Nitrate It is good.Powder anticaking agent is added in potassium nitrate drying device, may be implemented to be uniformly dispersed, but since drying equipment is often negative Pressure, powder anticaking agent are easy to be entrained by the flow of air, cause damages.
Summary of the invention:
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of potassium nitrate anticaking agent and its preparation and application method.Solution Production efficiency caused by certainly common potassium nitrate anticaking agent is added before crystallization is low, potassium nitrate solution ingredient disorder, blistering, nitre Sour potassium crystallizes the problems such as abnormal, while solving the dispersion of powder anticaking agent unevenly, is easy the problems such as losing.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of potassium nitrate anticaking agent, the anti-caking agent are composed of the following components according to mass percent meter:
Water 25-55%, crystalline substance control agent 15-25%, dispersing agent 15-30%, coating agent 0.5-15%, emulsifier 0.5-10%, Diluent 2-15%.
, according to the invention it is preferred to, the brilliant control agent is ten sodium alkyl sulfonates, dodecyl sodium sulfate, dodecyl The mixing of one or more of benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt, sodium cetanesulfonate, cetyl benzenesulfonic acid sodium.
, according to the invention it is preferred to, the dispersing agent is naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate, the contracting of methyl naphthalene sulfonic acid sodium formaldehyde Close the mixing of one or more of object, benzyl naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate.
, according to the invention it is preferred to, the coating agent is polyethylene glycol, average molecular weight 200-600;It is further excellent Select polyethylene glycol -200, polyethylene glycol-400 or polyethylene glycol -600.
, according to the invention it is preferred to, the emulsifier is sorbitanmonolaureate, sorbitol anhydride list palmitinic acid The mixing of one or more of ester, sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan mono-oleic acid ester.
, according to the invention it is preferred to, the diluent is the mixing of one or both of methanol, ethyl alcohol.
, according to the invention it is preferred to, the anti-caking agent is composed of the following components according to mass percent meter:
Water 30-45%, crystalline substance control agent 20-25%, dispersing agent 20-25%, coating agent 1-6%, emulsifier 5-10%, diluent 5-10%.
, according to the invention it is preferred to, the anti-caking agent is composed of the following components according to mass percent meter:
Water 40%, crystalline substance control agent 20%, dispersing agent 20%, coating agent 1%, emulsifier 10%, diluent 9%.
In the present invention, crystalline substance control agent is ten sodium alkyl sulfonates, dodecyl sodium sulfate, neopelex, hexadecane At least one of base sodium sulfonate, cetyl benzenesulfonic acid sodium, crystalline substance control agent all have hydrophilic sulfonic group and hydrophobic alkane chain, Sulfonic group can be adsorbed on potassium nitrate crystals surface, and potassium nitrate can play interference effect when recrystallizing, and alkane chain then can be Buffer action is played between potassium nitrate granules, keeps crystal loose, and can reduce surface polarity, and outside moisture is prevented to enter. Dispersing agent is naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate, in methyl naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, benzyl naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate At least one can make brilliant control agent, coating agent, emulsifier, diluent be dispersed in potassium nitrate crystals surface.Coating agent is poly- Ethylene glycol, average molecular weight 200-600 can be wrapped in potassium nitrate granules surface, and potassium nitrate granules is made to have a strata second two Alcohol package, separates the connection between particle, reduces caking phenomenon.Emulsifier is sorbitanmonolaureate, sorbitol anhydride list At least one of palmitate, sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan mono-oleic acid ester can make potassium nitrate anticaking agent Emulsion state is presented, anticaking agent is prevented to be layered, improves ease of use.Diluent be at least one of methanol, ethyl alcohol, can Suitably to reduce the viscosity of anticaking agent, be conducive to the atomization of anticaking agent in use process, improve using effect.
According to the present invention, the preparation method of above-mentioned potassium nitrate anticaking agent, comprises the following steps that
Water, diluent are uniformly mixed, brilliant control agent and dispersing agent is then added, is uniformly mixed, is eventually adding package Agent, emulsifier continue stirring until being uniformly dispersed to get potassium nitrate anticaking agent.
According to the present invention, the application method of above-mentioned potassium nitrate anticaking agent, comprises the following steps that
During potassium nitrate is high temperature vulcanized, the potassium nitrate anti-caking being atomized is added in the high temperature fluidized bed entrance of potassium nitrate Agent makes its even application on potassium nitrate crystals surface, subsequently into one piece of drying of potassium nitrate, potassium nitrate is anti-after high temperature fluidized bed Agglomeration agent dosage is 3-5 kgs/tonne of potassium nitrate.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the benefit that
1, potassium nitrate anticaking agent agglomeration preventing performance of the invention is excellent, and anti-caking potassium nitrate product is placed for a long time, will not Caking phenomenon occurs.
2, the preparation method of potassium nitrate anticaking agent of the present invention be by various raw materials according to a certain percentage, sequence stirring to point It dissipates uniformly, has the advantages that preparation is simple, technical requirements are low etc..
3, the application method of potassium nitrate anticaking agent of the present invention is after potassium nitrate crystal, and high temperature fluidized bed entrance adds Add, does not influence potassium nitrate normal crystallization.Anticaking agent is liquid simultaneously, and it is brilliant to be coated in potassium nitrate after being atomized at fluid bed inlet It is dried behind body surface face into high temperature fluidized bed, in the drying process stirring with potassium nitrate crystals, in potassium nitrate crystals Surface gradually disperses more evenly, and will not be entrained by the flow of air.It solves common potassium nitrate anticaking agent to be added before crystallization The problems such as caused production efficiency is low, potassium nitrate solution ingredient disorder, blistering, potassium nitrate crystal is abnormal, while also solving The problem of dispersion of powder anticaking agent is uneven, is easy loss.Therefore, it is normal not influence potassium nitrate using simplicity by the present invention Continuous production, greatly improve production efficiency.
4, potassium nitrate anticaking agent additive amount of the invention is 3-5 kgs/tonne of potassium nitrate, and usage amount is small, therefore is produced into This is lower, and the purity of potassium nitrate is also higher.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is described further.But protection scope of the present invention is not limited only to embodiment Involved in content.
Raw materials used in embodiment is conventional raw material, commercial products.
Embodiment 1
Potassium nitrate anticaking agent composition:
It is formed according to mass fraction raw material are as follows: water 40%, dodecyl sodium sulfate 20%, naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate 20%, sorbitan mono-oleic acid ester 10%, polyethylene glycol -600 (average molecular weight 600) 1%, ethyl alcohol 9%.
Potassium nitrate anticaking agent preparation:
Water is mixed with ethyl alcohol first, dodecyl sodium sulfate and naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate is then added, stirring is equal Sorbitan mono-oleic acid ester and polyethylene glycol -600 (average molecular weight 600) are added after even, continues to stir, until being uniformly dispersed.
Potassium nitrate anticaking agent uses:
The anticaking agent being atomized is added in the high temperature fluidized bed entrance of potassium nitrate, makes its even application in potassium nitrate crystals Surface, subsequently into one piece of drying of potassium nitrate, anti-caking agent dosage is 5 kgs/tonne of potassium nitrate after high temperature fluidized bed.
Potassium nitrate anticaking agent effect:
Above-mentioned potassium nitrate is packed with 50 kilograms, 20 layers of stacking, is stored 1 month, is started from above layer caking rate second from the bottom Respectively less than 5%, agglomeration potassium nitrate one touch it is i.e. broken, be false agglomeration.
Embodiment 2
Potassium nitrate anticaking agent composition:
It is formed according to mass fraction raw material are as follows: water 35%, ten sodium alkyl sulfonates 25%, naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate 25%, sorbitol anhydride monopalmitate 5%, polyethylene glycol -600 (average molecular weight 600) 5%, ethyl alcohol 5%.
Potassium nitrate anticaking agent preparation:
Water is mixed with ethyl alcohol first, ten sodium alkyl sulfonates and naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate is then added, stirs evenly Sorbitol anhydride monopalmitate and polyethylene glycol -600 (average molecular weight 600) are added afterwards, continues to stir, until being uniformly dispersed.
Potassium nitrate anticaking agent uses:
With embodiment 1, the difference is that, anti-caking agent dosage is 3 kgs/tonne of potassium nitrate.
Potassium nitrate anticaking agent effect:
Above-mentioned potassium nitrate is packed with 50 kilograms, 20 layers of stacking, is stored 1 month, is started from above layer caking rate second from the bottom Respectively less than 6%, agglomeration potassium nitrate one touch it is i.e. broken, be false agglomeration.
Embodiment 3
Potassium nitrate anticaking agent composition:
It is formed according to mass fraction raw material are as follows: water 35%, ten sodium alkyl sulfonates 25%, naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate 15%, methyl naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate 10%, sorbitol anhydride monopalmitate 5%, polyethylene glycol-400 (average molecular weight 400) 2%, ethyl alcohol 8%.
Potassium nitrate anticaking agent preparation:
Water is mixed with ethyl alcohol first, ten sodium alkyl sulfonates, naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate and methyl naphthalene sulphur is then added Sour sodium formaldehyde condensation product is stirring evenly and then adding into sorbitol anhydride monopalmitate and polyethylene glycol-400 (average molecular weight 400), Continue to stir, until being uniformly dispersed.
Potassium nitrate anticaking agent uses:
With embodiment 1, the difference is that, anti-caking agent dosage is 3 kgs/tonne of potassium nitrate.
Potassium nitrate anticaking agent effect:
Above-mentioned potassium nitrate is packed with 50 kilograms, 20 layers of stacking, is stored 1 month, is started from above layer caking rate second from the bottom Respectively less than 10%, agglomeration potassium nitrate one touch it is i.e. broken, be false agglomeration.
Embodiment 4
Potassium nitrate anticaking agent composition:
It is formed according to mass fraction raw material are as follows: water 50%, dodecyl sodium sulfate 15%, naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate 20%, sorbitan mono-oleic acid ester 5%, polyethylene glycol-400 (average molecular weight 400) 2%, ethyl alcohol 8%.
Potassium nitrate anticaking agent preparation:
Water is mixed with ethyl alcohol first, dodecyl sodium sulfate, naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate is then added, stirs evenly Sorbitan mono-oleic acid ester and polyethylene glycol-400 (average molecular weight 400) are added afterwards, continues to stir, until being uniformly dispersed.
Potassium nitrate anticaking agent uses:
With embodiment 1.
Potassium nitrate anticaking agent effect:
Above-mentioned potassium nitrate is packed with 50 kilograms, 20 layers of stacking, is stored 1 month, is started from above layer caking rate second from the bottom Respectively less than 10%, agglomeration potassium nitrate one touch it is i.e. broken, be false agglomeration.
Embodiment 5
Potassium nitrate anticaking agent composition:
It is formed according to mass fraction raw material are as follows: water 25%, sodium cetanesulfonate 20%, the condensation of methyl naphthalene sulfonic acid sodium formaldehyde Object 29%, sorbitan monostearate 10%, polyethylene glycol -200 (average molecular weight 200) 1%, ethyl alcohol 15%.
Potassium nitrate anticaking agent preparation:
Water is mixed with ethyl alcohol first, sodium cetanesulfonate and methyl naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate is then added, stirs Sorbitan monostearate and polyethylene glycol -200 (average molecular weight 200) is added after mixing uniformly, continues to stir, until dispersion Uniformly.
Potassium nitrate anticaking agent uses:
The anticaking agent being atomized is added in the high temperature fluidized bed entrance of potassium nitrate, makes its even application in potassium nitrate crystals Surface, subsequently into one piece of drying of potassium nitrate, anti-caking agent dosage is 5 kgs/tonne of potassium nitrate after high temperature fluidized bed.
Embodiment 6
Potassium nitrate anticaking agent composition:
It is formed according to mass fraction raw material are as follows: water 55%, cetyl benzenesulfonic acid sodium 15%, the contracting of benzyl naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde Close object 15%, sorbitan monostearate 10%, polyethylene glycol-400 (average molecular weight 400) 1%, ethyl alcohol 4%.
Potassium nitrate anticaking agent preparation:
Water is mixed with ethyl alcohol first, cetyl benzenesulfonic acid sodium and benzyl naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate is then added, It is stirring evenly and then adding into sorbitan monostearate and polyethylene glycol-400 (average molecular weight 400), continues to stir, until point It dissipates uniform.
Potassium nitrate anticaking agent uses:
The anticaking agent being atomized is added in the high temperature fluidized bed entrance of potassium nitrate, makes its even application in potassium nitrate crystals Surface, subsequently into one piece of drying of potassium nitrate, anti-caking agent dosage is 5 kgs/tonne of potassium nitrate after high temperature fluidized bed.
Specific embodiments described herein only illustrates that spirit of the invention.The technical field of the invention Technical staff can do various modifications or additions to the specific embodiment of description or be substituted in a similar manner, but not Spirit or beyond the scope defined by the appended claims of the invention can be deviateed.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of potassium nitrate anticaking agent, which is characterized in that the anti-caking agent is composed of the following components according to mass percent meter:
Water 25-55%, crystalline substance control agent 15-25%, dispersing agent 15-30%, coating agent 0.5-15%, emulsifier 0.5-10%, diluent 2- 15%;
The brilliant control agent is ten sodium alkyl sulfonates, dodecyl sodium sulfate, neopelex, cetyl sulfonic acid The mixing of one or more of sodium, cetyl benzenesulfonic acid sodium;
The dispersing agent is naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate, methyl naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, benzyl naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde The mixing of one or more of condensation product;
The coating agent is polyethylene glycol, average molecular weight 200-600;
The emulsifier is sorbitanmonolaureate, sorbitol anhydride monopalmitate, sorbitan monostearate, mountain The mixing of one or more of pears alcohol acid anhydride monoleate;
The diluent is the mixing of one or both of methanol, ethyl alcohol.
2. potassium nitrate anticaking agent according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the anti-caking agent according to mass percent meter, It is composed of the following components:
Water 30-45%, crystalline substance control agent 20-25%, dispersing agent 20-25%, coating agent 1-6%, emulsifier 5-10%, diluent 5-10%.
3. potassium nitrate anticaking agent according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the anti-caking agent according to mass percent meter, It is composed of the following components:
Water 40%, crystalline substance control agent 20%, dispersing agent 20%, coating agent 1%, emulsifier 10%, diluent 9%.
4. a kind of preparation method of the described in any item potassium nitrate anticaking agents of claim 1-3, comprises the following steps that
Water, diluent are uniformly mixed, brilliant control agent and dispersing agent is then added, is uniformly mixed, is eventually adding coating agent, cream Agent continues stirring until being uniformly dispersed to get potassium nitrate anticaking agent.
5. a kind of application method of the described in any item potassium nitrate anticaking agents of claim 1-3, comprises the following steps that
During potassium nitrate is high temperature vulcanized, the potassium nitrate anticaking agent being atomized is added in the high temperature fluidized bed entrance of potassium nitrate, Make its even application on potassium nitrate crystals surface, subsequently into after high temperature fluidized bed with one piece of drying of potassium nitrate, potassium nitrate anti-caking Block agent dosage is 3-5 kgs/tonne of potassium nitrate.
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CN107417407B (en) * 2017-08-28 2020-11-17 北京尧之龙科技发展有限公司 Powdery potassium nitrate anti-caking agent and preparation method thereof
CN107353134B (en) * 2017-08-28 2020-11-17 北京尧之龙科技发展有限公司 Special anti-caking agent for humic acid urea
CN108264412B (en) * 2018-03-02 2021-06-18 北京尧之龙科技发展有限公司 Special anti-caking agent for ammonium sulfate and preparation method and application thereof
CN115787140B (en) * 2022-12-07 2024-04-02 西南科技大学 Submicron potassium nitrate fiber and preparation method and application thereof

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CN102190532A (en) * 2011-05-03 2011-09-21 湖北富邦科技股份有限公司 Ammonium chloride anticaking agent
CN102786358A (en) * 2012-08-29 2012-11-21 湖北富邦科技股份有限公司 Water-soluble anti-caking agent and preparation method thereof

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CN1180048A (en) * 1996-08-30 1998-04-29 西宁星火化工厂 Composition preventing potassium nitrate from caking and its use
CN1467156A (en) * 2002-07-10 2004-01-14 上海化工研究院 Potassium nitrate anticaking agent
CN102190532A (en) * 2011-05-03 2011-09-21 湖北富邦科技股份有限公司 Ammonium chloride anticaking agent
CN102786358A (en) * 2012-08-29 2012-11-21 湖北富邦科技股份有限公司 Water-soluble anti-caking agent and preparation method thereof

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