CN103539573B - Water-soluble polysaccharide environment-friendly anti-caking agent for composite fertilizer and application thereof in composite fertilizer - Google Patents

Water-soluble polysaccharide environment-friendly anti-caking agent for composite fertilizer and application thereof in composite fertilizer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103539573B
CN103539573B CN201310532859.2A CN201310532859A CN103539573B CN 103539573 B CN103539573 B CN 103539573B CN 201310532859 A CN201310532859 A CN 201310532859A CN 103539573 B CN103539573 B CN 103539573B
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composite fertilizer
caking
caking agent
water
polysaccharide
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201310532859.2A
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CN103539573A (en
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杨继生
黄凯
张明
俞翔
张慰人
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Wuxi Yao Zhilong Technology Of Internet Of Things Engineering Co Ltd
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Wuxi Yao Zhilong Technology Of Internet Of Things Engineering Co Ltd
Yangzhou University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a water-soluble polysaccharide environment-friendly anti-caking agent for a composite fertilizer and application of the anti-caking agent in the composite fertilizer, and belongs to the field of chemical fertilizer additives. The anti-caking agent disclosed by the invention mainly comprises a polysaccharide substance and a surfactant, wherein the water0soluble polysaccharide environment-friendly anti-caking agent for the composite fertilizer is dissolved with water through heating so as to obtain a diluted solution of the anti-caking agent, the diluted solution of the anti-caking agent is then sprayed to the composite fertilizer, and the composite fertilizer is dried to obtain the anti-caking composite fertilizer. The anti-caking agent disclosed by the invention is abundant in sources of raw materials, and environment-friendly, can be easily biodegraded, can form a film layer on the surfaces of the particles of the composite fertilizer after being sprayed to the composite fertilizer to block the generation of a salt bridge, and can be used for lastingly and effectively inhibiting the caking of the composite fertilizer, overcoming the defects of high caking possibility, conglutination and dusting and the like of the composite fertilizer, eliminating the pollution brought to a farmland water system by the oil-powder type composite anti-caking agent for the composite fertilizer, facilitating the absorption by crops, and ensuring the safety of a soil ecological environment.

Description

Water-soluble polysaccharide environment-friendly type compound fertilizer anticaking agent and the application in composite fertilizer thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to chemical fertilizer additive agent field.
Background technology
Composite fertilizer occupies very consequence to integrate multiple nutritional components at fertilizer industry, but composite fertilizer is because of the fluctuation by temperature in transport and storage process, and with environment generation exchange of moisture, salinity dissolves and crystallization, produce salt bridge, fertiliser granulates is sticked together.In addition, in stacking process, chemical fertilizer granule is squeezed, and causes plastic deformation, facilitates the caking of fertilizer.Agglomeration problems not only gives the storage of chemical fertilizers production enterprise, transport makes troubles, and more seriously use to user and cause great inconvenience, chemical fertilizer loses flowability, and forms hard block, and this caking is the most unfavorable to mechanical fertilization.In order to avoid the caking of composite fertilizer, the most effective and the most economic method adds anti-hard caking agent, to improve the surface properties of fertiliser granulates.
Anti-hard caking agent mainly oil-powder mixed type anti-hard caking agent that current domestic composite heat transfer enterprise adopts, wherein oil plant is mineral oil, Wax etc., powder is kaolin, silicon-dioxide, talcum powder etc., its principle hinders compound fertilizer from caking by mechanical isolation effect, though this formulation anti-hard caking agent has preventing blocking effect, but there is environmental problem due to raw materials used, be unfavorable for the Sustainable development of agricultural.Such as powder easily produces dust, machinery oil, Wax difficult degradation, and using has serious harm afterwards to crop bud seedling, root system; After paddy field fertilizing, the visible water surface has greasy dirt vestige, and not only rice seedling is injured, and also result in pollution to water quality and environment.Recently also useful degradable animal and vegetable oil carrys out alternative machine oil, but animal oil the smell is awful, affect environment, and use vegetables oil, raw materials used cost is high, and easily produces waste water,waste gas and industrial residue in the course of processing.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of process simple, use cost is low, agglomeration preventing performance good, be convenient to that farm crop absorb, the degradable water soluble polysaccharide environment-friendly type compound fertilizer anticaking agent of soil protection.
The present invention is primarily of polysaccharide material and tensio-active agent composition, and the mass ratio of described polysaccharide material and tensio-active agent is 1:0.5 ~ 2.
Abundant raw material source of the present invention, easily be biodegradable, after spray is added on composite fertilizer, a skim can be formed on compound fertilizer granules surface, hinder the generation of salt bridge, the caking of composite fertilizer can be suppressed lastingly and effectively, environmental friendliness, overcomes the defects such as composite fertilizer easily lumps, adhesion, dust formation, eliminates the pollution that oil-powder type compound fertilizer anticaking agent brings to farmland water system, be convenient to farm crop absorb, guarantee ecological environment of soil safety.
When the mass ratio of polysaccharide material and tensio-active agent is 1:0.5 ~ 2, preventing blocking effect is the most remarkable.
Polysaccharide material of the present invention be in water soluble algae hydrochlorate, water soluble starch, water soluble cellulose at least any one; Described water soluble algae hydrochlorate be in sodium alginate, propylene glycol alginate at least any one; Described water soluble starch be in sodium starch glycolate, bydroxyethyl starch ether at least any one; Described water soluble cellulose is Vltra tears.
Above-mentioned water-soluble polysaccharide, abundant raw material source, is easily biodegradable, and after spray is added on composite fertilizer, can forms a skim, hinder the generation of salt bridge, can suppress the caking of composite fertilizer lastingly and effectively, environmental friendliness on compound fertilizer granules surface.
Described tensio-active agent be in anion surfactant, cats product, zwitterionics, nonionogenic tenside at least any one.
Described anion surfactant be in alpha-olefin sodium sulfonate, sodium lauryl sulfate, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether carboxylic acid sodium at least any one.
Described cats product be in cetyl trimethylammonium bromide, dodecyltriethylammonium phosphonium bromide at least any one.
Described zwitterionics be in empgen BB, sodium dodecyl aminopropionitrile at least any one.
Described nonionogenic tenside be in Dodecyl Polyoxyethylene Ether, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty ester, lauroyl diethanolamine at least any one.
The present invention also provides the application of water-soluble polysaccharide environment-friendly type compound fertilizer anticaking agent in anti-caking composite fertilizer.
Anti-caking diluent is made by after water-soluble polysaccharide environment-friendly type compound fertilizer anticaking agent water heating for dissolving, then after atomization, spray is added in composite fertilizer, pack after drying, in described water-soluble polysaccharide environment-friendly type compound fertilizer anticaking agent, polysaccharide material and tensio-active agent add up to the mass mixing mass ratio of total amount and composite fertilizer to be 0.5 ~ 3:1000.As ratio of mixture is too low, agglomeration resistance DeGrain; Ratio of mixture is too high, increases cost on the one hand, and anti-caking performance improves not obvious on the other hand.
Further, after polysaccharide material first mixes with water by the present invention, be warming up to the aqueous solution that 50 ~ 60 DEG C form polysaccharide material under agitation, and then add tensio-active agent, stir, make and add up to quality to account for the anti-caking diluent of 2 ~ 5% containing polysaccharide material and tensio-active agent, then spray is added on composite fertilizer after atomization.
First heating for dissolving polysaccharide material, object increases dissolution rate, improves dissolved efficiency.
Make that to add up to quality to account for the liquid viscosity of the anti-hard caking agent diluent of 2 ~ 5% containing polysaccharide material and tensio-active agent moderate, be easy to spray operation.
The present invention, while effectively preventing compound fertilizer from caking, shows the feature of environmental protection, and raw materials used abundance, is easily biodegradable, and is convenient to farm crop and absorbs, and avoids polluting, guarantees ecological environment of soil safety.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that before the quick caking test of composite fertilizer not adding anti-hard caking agent, particle surface amplifies the scanning electron microscope diagram of 5000 times.
Fig. 2 is that after the quick caking test of composite fertilizer not adding anti-hard caking agent, particle surface amplifies the scanning electron microscope diagram of 5000 times.
Before the quick caking test of composite fertilizer that Fig. 3 is interpolation anti-hard caking agent (preparing by embodiment 1), particle surface amplifies the scanning electron microscope diagram of 5000 times.
After the quick caking test of composite fertilizer that Fig. 4 is interpolation anti-hard caking agent (preparing by embodiment 1), particle surface amplifies the scanning electron microscope diagram of 5000 times.
Embodiment
Explain the present invention further with embodiment below, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
One, anti-hard caking agent is prepared:
Embodiment 1:
Take sodium alginate 1.5kg respectively, water 97.5kg is placed in mixing tank, be warmed to 50 DEG C, stir 30min, after sodium alginate dissolves completely, sodium lauryl sulfate 0.5kg, Dodecyl Polyoxyethylene Ether (5) 0.5kg is added again in mixing tank, continue to stir 10min, obtain anti-hard caking agent diluent I.
Embodiment 2:
Take sodium starch glycolate 3.0kg respectively, water 95.5kg is placed in mixing tank, be warmed to 60 DEG C, stir 30min, after sodium starch glycolate dissolves completely, lauroyl diethanolamine 1.0kg is added again in mixing tank, dodecyltriethylammonium phosphonium bromide 0.5kg, continues to stir 10min, obtains anti-hard caking agent diluent II.
Embodiment 3:
Take Vltra tears 1.0kg respectively, water 97.0kg is placed in mixing tank, be warmed to 60 DEG C, stir 30min, after Vltra tears dissolves completely, empgen BB 1.0kg, alpha-olefin sodium sulfonate 1.0kg is added again in mixing tank, continue to stir 10min, obtain anti-hard caking agent diluent III.
Embodiment 4 to 10:
Weigh by following raw material, make each anti-hard caking agent diluent by the same method.
Two, caking test:
Spray after the equipment atomizations such as the various embodiments described above gained anti-caking diluent spray gun is added to the conventional composite fertilizer base-material surface containing, for example nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium etc., by rollers roll Homogeneous phase mixing, and enters packaging after making its drying.
Get simultaneously the sample not adding anti-hard caking agent be blank as a comparison.Quick caking test is carried out to composite fertilizer, composite fertilizer's sample is put into moisture absorption apparatus, control relative humidity 96%, temperature is 60 DEG C, after 4 hours, take out sample, be transferred in the baking oven of 60 DEG C dry, when fertile water ratio to be composite is 2 ~ 3%, composite fertilizer is loaded in sealing bag by every bag of 100g, put into 60 DEG C of baking oven heating 4 hours, after taking-up, be placed in 10 DEG C of environment, cool 3 hours, in heating-process of cooling, a weight is pressed above sealing bag, sealing bag is made to bear 10kPa pressure, repeat above-mentioned experiment condition, after recirculation heating-cooling once, by sealing bag from 0.5 meter of height level's freely falling body to hard plane, composite fertilizer in sealing bag is taken out, and the composite fertilizer separating caking and do not lump, weigh, caking rate is calculated with following formula:
Composite fertilizer's total mass in composite fertilizer's quality/sealing bag of caking rate=caking.
Relative caking rate=(interpolation anti-hard caking agent compound fertilizer from caking rate/do not add anti-hard caking agent compound fertilizer from caking rate) × 100%.
Detected result sees the following form:
The quick caking test of anti-hard caking agent detects data
Three, electron microscopic analysis contrast:
Get by the obtained anti-caking diluent I 6g of embodiment 1, evenly spray is added to 100g(N-P 2o 5-K 2o is 15-15-15) composite fertilizer on, simultaneously by do not spray add anti-hard caking agent this composite fertilizer (blank sample) as a comparison, carry out quick caking test, specific operation process is the same.After heating-refrigeration cycle 2 times, scanning electronic microscope (SEM) image of each composite fertilizer sample as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is respectively the SEM figure that the composite fertilizer the not adding anti-hard caking agent forward and backward particle surface of quick caking test amplifies 5000 times; Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is respectively the SEM figure that the composite fertilizer's forward and backward particle surface of quick caking test adding anti-hard caking agent (preparing by embodiment 1) amplifies 5000 times.
Find out from the SEM figure shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, there is obvious difference in the composite fertilizer's (blank sample) not spraying anti-hard caking agent in the crystalline form of carrying out particle surface before and after quick caking test, and after quick caking test, particle surface crystal deliquescence is serious.As can be seen from the SEM figure shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, there is not obvious change in composite fertilizer's particle surface before and after quick caking test of spraying anti-hard caking agent, compared with blank sample, spray adds anti-hard caking agent makes particle surface cover layer, the moisture on surface can be pinned, suppress the deliquescence of compound fertilizer granules, hinder the formation of salt bridge, thus play the effect of anti-caking.

Claims (2)

1. water-soluble polysaccharide environment-friendly type compound fertilizer anticaking agent, primarily of polysaccharide material and tensio-active agent composition, the mass ratio of described polysaccharide material and tensio-active agent is 1:0.5 ~ 2; It is characterized in that described polysaccharide material be in water soluble algae hydrochlorate, water soluble starch, water soluble cellulose at least any one; Described water soluble algae hydrochlorate be in sodium alginate, propylene glycol alginate at least any one; Described water soluble starch be in sodium starch glycolate, bydroxyethyl starch ether at least any one; Described water soluble cellulose is Vltra tears; Described tensio-active agent is alpha-olefin sodium sulfonate, sodium lauryl sulfate, dodecyltriethylammonium phosphonium bromide, empgen BB, Dodecyl Polyoxyethylene Ether or lauroyl diethanolamine.
2. the application of water-soluble polysaccharide environment-friendly type compound fertilizer anticaking agent in composite fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, after it is characterized in that first polysaccharide material being mixed with water, be warming up to the aqueous solution that 50 ~ 60 DEG C form polysaccharide material under agitation, and then add tensio-active agent, stir, make and add up to quality to account for the anti-caking diluent of 2 ~ 5% containing polysaccharide material and tensio-active agent, then after atomization, spray is added in composite fertilizer, pack after drying, in described water-soluble polysaccharide environment-friendly type compound fertilizer anticaking agent, polysaccharide material and tensio-active agent add up to the mass mixing mass ratio of total amount and composite fertilizer to be 0.5 ~ 3:1000.
CN201310532859.2A 2013-11-04 2013-11-04 Water-soluble polysaccharide environment-friendly anti-caking agent for composite fertilizer and application thereof in composite fertilizer Expired - Fee Related CN103539573B (en)

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CN104692915A (en) * 2015-01-28 2015-06-10 燕山大学 Nitro water soluble fertilizer anti-caking agent and preparation method thereof
CN105085078A (en) * 2015-09-15 2015-11-25 江苏锦宇环境工程有限公司 Preparation method of degradable chemical fertilizer anti-blocking concentrated solution
CN105237165A (en) * 2015-09-15 2016-01-13 江苏锦宇环境工程有限公司 Biodegradable fertilizer anti-caking agent preparation method
CN106565308A (en) * 2016-10-21 2017-04-19 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 Anti-caking fast-dissolving nitro-compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof
CN107698359A (en) * 2017-11-21 2018-02-16 常州亚环环保科技有限公司 A kind of water soluble composite fertilizer anticaking agent and preparation method thereof
CN108530167A (en) * 2018-05-03 2018-09-14 嘉施利(应城)化肥有限公司 A kind of compound fertilizer anticaking agent and preparation method thereof
CN108424259A (en) * 2018-05-16 2018-08-21 芜湖市创源新材料有限公司 A kind of preparation method for the slow-release compound fertilizer being coated with anticaking agent
CN110776371A (en) * 2019-12-18 2020-02-11 安徽海豚生物科技有限公司 Production process of anti-caking agent for compound fertilizer
CN111777451A (en) * 2020-06-24 2020-10-16 温州科技职业学院 Anti-caking fertilizer for crops and preparation method thereof

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EP1910463A1 (en) * 2005-07-22 2008-04-16 Rhodia Opérations Polysaccharide-based products with improved easiness of use, process to make the same, and applications of the same
CN101654387B (en) * 2008-08-21 2013-02-27 北京科普基业精细化工科技有限公司 Liquid anti-caking agent for compound fertilizer
CN102153408B (en) * 2011-03-15 2013-04-10 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 Antiblocking agent for macroelement water-dissolvable fertilizer, as well as preparation and application of the antiblocking agent
CN102786358B (en) * 2012-08-29 2014-10-22 湖北富邦科技股份有限公司 Water-soluble anti-caking agent and preparation method thereof

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