CN102780083B - Broadband communication antenna - Google Patents
Broadband communication antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN102780083B CN102780083B CN201210261556.7A CN201210261556A CN102780083B CN 102780083 B CN102780083 B CN 102780083B CN 201210261556 A CN201210261556 A CN 201210261556A CN 102780083 B CN102780083 B CN 102780083B
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Abstract
The invention particularly relates to a broadband communication antenna, which belongs to the field of an antenna and aims at solving the problem that a conventional rod-shaped microwave omnidirectional antenna has the disadvantages of large occupied space and size, inconvenience of installation, narrower bandwidth and the like. The antenna comprises an antenna body and a coaxial feed connector, wherein the antenna body is of a bar-shaped printed board of which dielectric constant is less than 5, and a snake-shaped metal structure is printed on the printed board. According to the broadband communication antenna, the tail end of a conventional monopole antenna is bent and deformed, and moreover, the printed board with relatively-high dielectric constant is introduced, the electric length of the antenna is not changed and the actual height is effectively reduced, thus the antenna is miniaturized, easy to manufacture and low in cost. The antenna main body is of a printed board structure, and any complex structures can be avoided, and thus the antenna has good uniformity and is convenient to produce in bulk.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of antenna, be specifically related to a kind of broad band communications antenna, especially there is the directional communication antenna of broadband miniaturization characteristic.
Background technology
ISM(Industrial, Scientific and Medical) the i.e. industry of frequency range, science and medical frequency range, this is a free and open short-distance wireless communication frequency range, is mainly used in the wireless communications application of industry, science, medical research aspect.National radio management mechanism such as American-European-Japanese grade is provided with respectively ISM band separately.In the U.S., this frequency range is according to the FCC(Federal Communications Commission of FCC) institute define out, available frequency range comprises: 27MHz, 260 ~ 470MHz, 902 ~ 928MHz and 2.4GHz.In Europe, the nominal mean frequency of ISM band is 433MHz, 868MHz and 2.4GHz.At present, the most frequently used ISM band is 433MHz, 868MHz, 915MHz and 2.4GHz in the world.
In recent years, along with now to little service traffics, low cost, the enhancing gradually of the wireless communication needs of low-power consumption, ISM band can well be applied to various occasions, wireless interconnected as with serial ports of computers, Industry Control, scientific research, medical treatment and family wireless access control are (as automatic garage door switch, automobile wireless key, family wireless door and window lock, radio-control toy, wireless long-distance meter-reading or utilize wireless camera to send video etc.), it is little that these demands have data volume, use unrestricted, simple in structure, cheap, reliability high.
Centre frequency is that the frequency range of 433MHz is comparatively conventional ISM band in research and development test.The angle of dividing from microwave frequency band, this frequency range belongs to UHF wave band, its frequency is lower, wavelength is longer, and this must cause the conventional shaft-like omnidirectional antenna size of this frequency range bigger than normal, and the antenna height of these types all exceedes half-wavelength or quarter-wave, the volumetric spaces that antenna height causes too greatly it to take is larger, omnidirectional's poor-performing, and feed structure be also difficult to design, make the bandwidth of antenna narrower.
Consider above-mentioned situation, be necessary for actual wireless communications platform and develop a kind of broadband miniaturization omnidirectional antenna system, provide than more preferably electromagnetism and physical structural characteristic of existing Antenna Design.
Summary of the invention
The problems such as the object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and defect, and a kind of broad band communications antenna is provided, and solves the conventional shaft-like microwave omnidirectional antenna volume that takes up space large, and inconvenience is installed, and bandwidth is narrower.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of broad band communications antenna, comprises antenna body and coaxial feed connector, and antenna body is the printed board that the dielectric constant of strip is less than 5, is printed with snakelike metal structure in printed board.
A kind of broad band communications antenna as above, wherein: the top of described snakelike metal structure is directly connected with micro-band impedance transformation line of the positive the latter half of printed board, and the end of snakelike metal structure is connected with the straight-through microstrip conductor of printed board back side the first half by through hole; Printed board back side the latter half all standing metal level, as micro-band metal ground; Described straight-through microstrip conductor is connected by plate resistor with micro-band metal ground; The coaxial inner core of described coaxial feed connector is connected with micro-band impedance transformation line, and coaxial outer conductor is connected with micro-band metal ground.
A kind of broad band communications antenna as above, wherein: described pcb substrate is FR4, its normal temperature dielectric constant is 4.4.
A kind of broad band communications antenna as above, wherein: described plate resistor is 120 Ω.
A kind of broad band communications antenna as above, wherein: described printed board is highly less than 20% of centre frequency corresponding wavelength.
A kind of broad band communications antenna as above, wherein: described coaxial feed connector also comprises coaxial front flange bracket and coaxial back side flange bracket, and gap is between the two 1.8mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. the present invention is because carried out conventional monopole antenna end the distortion of warp architecture and introduced the relatively high printed board structure of dielectric constant, and antenna electrical length does not change, and actual height has but obtained effective reduction, has realized the miniaturization of antenna;
2. owing to having introduced plate resistor element in antenna structure, change the CURRENT DISTRIBUTION of antenna, made antenna can in wider frequency range, receive or launch the electromagnetic wave of perpendicular polarization, met the bandwidth requirement of antenna; Due to the height of whole antenna is lower and the left and right of structure like axial symmetry characteristic, can make antenna radiation field within the scope of horizontal plane 360 degree be uniformly distributed.
3. the present invention is used for transmitting and receiving perpendicular polarization electromagnetic wave, and it is simple in structure, and the plate resistor that the FR4 printed board that whole antenna radiator is only 4.4 by dielectric constant and resistance are 120 Ω forms, and processing and fabricating is easy and cost is low; Full antenna body is printed board structure, there is no other complex structural member, makes the consistency of antenna good, is convenient to the batch production of antenna;
4. antenna overall height provided by the invention can reach 36% of conventional dipole antenna, and 72% of conventional monopole antenna has effectively dwindled the volume of antenna, has realized the miniaturization of antenna;
5. this antenna match is easy, and broader bandwidth can be directly with 50 Ω coaxial feedings, and its relative bandwidth can reach 28%, especially can meet the communication requirement that centre frequency is the ISM band of 433MHz completely.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the front elevation of a kind of broad band communications antenna provided by the invention;
Fig. 2 is the back view of a kind of broad band communications antenna provided by the invention;
Fig. 3 is the side view of a kind of broad band communications antenna provided by the invention;
Fig. 4 is the example that is related to of the standing-wave ratio of antenna and frequency;
Fig. 5 is the horizontal plane normalized radiation pattern example of antenna.
Fig. 6 is the actual use case schematic diagram of antenna;
In figure: 1. antenna body, the snakelike metal structure of 1a., the micro-band impedance transformation of 1b. line, 1c. leads directly to microstrip conductor, the micro-band metal of 1d. ground, 1e. plate resistor, 2. coaxial feed connector, the coaxial inner core of 2a., 2b. coaxial outer conductor, the coaxial front of 2c. flange bracket, the coaxial back side of 2d. flange bracket, 3. through hole, 4. radome, 5. antenna base.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, a kind of broad band communications antenna provided by the invention is introduced:
As shown in Fig. 1 ~ 3, a kind of broad band communications antenna, comprise antenna body 1 and coaxial feed connector 2, antenna body 1 is the printed board that the dielectric constant of strip is less than 5, in printed board, be printed with snakelike metal structure 1a, the top of serpentine configuration is directly connected with micro-band impedance transformation line 1b of the positive the latter half of printed board, and the end of serpentine configuration is connected with the straight-through microstrip conductor of printed board back side the first half by through hole 3; Printed board back side the latter half all standing metal level, as micro-band metal ground 1d; The straight-through microstrip conductor 1c of printed board back side the first half is connected by plate resistor 1e with the metal of the latter half ground; The inner wire of coaxial cable is connected with micro-band impedance transformation line 1b of the positive the latter half of printed board, and coaxial outer conductor (2b) is connected with the metal ground of printed board back side the latter half.
For reaching better effect, can carry out each several part preferably following:
Antenna body 1 pcb substrate is FR4, and its normal temperature dielectric constant is 4.4.Strip printed board mainly comprises that snakelike metal structure 1a, micro-band impedance transformation line 1b(length are quarter-wave guide wavelength), straight-through microstrip conductor 1c, micro-plate resistor 1e with metal ground 1d, 120 Ω.The snakelike metal structure 1a that is printed on the positive the first half of strip FR4 printed board is the main structure body of antenna, the top of serpentine configuration 1a is directly connected with micro-band impedance transformation line 1b of the positive the latter half of FR4 printed board, and the end of serpentine configuration 1a is connected with the straight-through microstrip conductor 1c of FR4 printed board back side the first half by through hole 3; FR4 printed board back side the latter half all standing metal level, the metal ground 1d of micro-band, the straight-through microstrip conductor 1c of FR4 printed board back side the first half is connected by the plate resistor 1e of 120 Ω with the ground 1d of the latter half, and then whole antenna becomes a structural entity.
Coaxial feed connector 2 can be selected commercially available prod, that in the present embodiment, select is the SMA-KHD9A that Huada Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Shaanxi produces, gap between its coaxial front flange bracket 2c and coaxial back side flange bracket 2d can be preferably 1.8mm, just make thickness be 1mm antenna printed board insert and reserve welding leeway.Micro-band impedance transformation line 1b welding of the coaxial inner core 2a of coaxial feed connector 2 and antenna 1, coaxial back side flange bracket 2d and micro-band metal ground 1d of antenna 1 weld (coaxial back side flange bracket 2d and coaxial outer conductor 2b electric connection).In order to make feed structure more firm, can pile up coating insulating cement at feeder cable and antennal interface place.
The snakelike metal structure 1a of antenna body 1 and the straight-through microstrip conductor 1c being communicated with have with it been the main parts of radiation effects, be used for to space radiation electromagnetic wave, in the time transmitting, coaxial feed connector 2 is inputted transmitting of external transmitter, the energy of coaxial fitting output evokes the surface current on the snakelike metal structure 1a of antenna body 1 and straight-through microstrip conductor 1c, thereby produces perpendicular polarization radiation; Owing to conventional monopole antenna end being deformed into bending snakelike metal structure 1a and introducing the relatively high FR4 printed board structure of dielectric constant, make the electric current on antenna top non-vanishing, the actual height of antenna has obtained effective reduction, has effectively realized the miniaturization of antenna; Owing to having introduced plate resistor 1e in antenna structure, change the CURRENT DISTRIBUTION of antenna, make antenna can in wider frequency range, receive or launch the electromagnetic wave of perpendicular polarization, meet beamwidth of antenna requirement; Due to the height of whole antenna 1 is lower and the left and right of structure like axial symmetry characteristic, can make antenna radiation field within the scope of horizontal plane 360 degree be uniformly distributed, antenna height is less than 20% of centre frequency corresponding wavelength conventionally.
Centered by 433MHz, the ISM band antenna of frequency is example, antenna size can be preferably the printed board height 125mm that 125mm × 7mm × 1mm(is antenna body 1, width 7mm, thickness 1mm), its height 125mm is only 18% of the central task frequency 433MHz institute corresponding wavelength of ISM band requirement, and centered by the height of conventional dipole antenna 50% of operating frequency institute corresponding wavelength, centered by the height of conventional monopole antenna 25% of operating frequency institute corresponding wavelength, obviously, antenna of the present invention has effectively reduced antenna height.
When antenna is during as transmitting antenna, it is connected with transmitter by feeder system.Antenna is as the load of transmitter, and its radiation of power obtaining from transmitter is to space.This just has an antenna and Impedance Matching on Transmission Line problem, and the quality of impedance matching will affect the efficiency of power delivery.The standing-wave ratio of antenna is an important performance characteristic of antenna, and it has reflected the impedance operator of tested antenna, has also determined the impedance bandwidth of antenna, and common engineering application requirements antenna standing wave ratio VSWR is less than 2.As shown in Figure 4, centered by 433MHz, the embodiment of the ISM band antenna of frequency can realize standing-wave ratio and is less than 2 frequency range and is about 390MHz ~ 520MHz, relative bandwidth is about 28%, this explanation can be good at this frequency range internal antenna mate with 50 Ω coaxial cables, thereby ensure that antenna has wider impedance bandwidth.
The directional diagram of antenna is the figure that characterizes antenna radiation characteristics and space angle relation.Complete directional diagram is a three-dimensional space diagram, and it is taking antenna phase center as the centre of sphere, and at radius enough on large sphere, pointwise is measured its radiation characteristic and drawn and form.In actual work, general need record horizontal plane or elevation radiation patytern.Fig. 5 is the horizontal plane normalization antenna pattern of antenna, and in the scope that the ISM band antenna of frequency is spent at horizontal plane 360 centered by 433MHz, the even omnidirectional of radiation field distributes, and deviation in roundness is less than 1.2dB, has good omnidirectional's characteristic.
As shown in Figure 6, in order to make structure more firmly and to be difficult for losing corrosion, antenna structure provided by the invention can adopt hard radome 4, its version is the hollow cover body that is highly slightly larger than FR4 printed board, material can adopt the poly-sub-peace fat of nonmetal medium electromagnetic wave transparent material (Polyurethane), this kind of material has the plurality of advantages such as hardness is high, resistance to wear good, mechanical strength is large, adhesive property is good, moderate, and can be directly that antenna base 5 is gluing with nonmetal floor by viscosity glue be connected for it; Antenna base 5 can adopt square structure, and size can suitably adjust according to application demand, meanwhile, also can adopt according to the actual requirements circular floor or other shape floor, and floor shape or size change, and substantially can not affect antenna performance.
Claims (5)
1. a broad band communications antenna, comprises antenna body (1) and coaxial feed connector (2), it is characterized in that: antenna body (1) is the printed board that the dielectric constant of strip is less than 5, is printed with snakelike metal structure (1a) in printed board; The top of described snakelike metal structure (1a) is directly connected with micro-band impedance transformation line (1b) of the positive the latter half of printed board, and the end of snakelike metal structure (1a) is connected with the straight-through microstrip conductor (1c) of printed board back side the first half by through hole (3); Printed board back side the latter half all standing metal level, as micro-band metal (1d); Described straight-through microstrip conductor (1c) is connected by plate resistor (1e) with micro-band metal ground (1d); The coaxial inner core (2a) of described coaxial feed connector (2) is connected with micro-band impedance transformation line (1b), and coaxial outer conductor (2b) is connected with micro-band metal ground (1d).
2. a kind of broad band communications antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described pcb substrate is FR4, and its normal temperature dielectric constant is 4.4.
3. a kind of broad band communications antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described plate resistor (1e) is 120 Ω.
4. a kind of broad band communications antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described printed board is highly less than 20% of centre frequency corresponding wavelength.
5. a kind of broad band communications antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described coaxial feed connector (2) also comprises coaxial front flange bracket (2c) and coaxial back side flange bracket (2d), and gap is between the two 1.8mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210261556.7A CN102780083B (en) | 2012-07-26 | 2012-07-26 | Broadband communication antenna |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210261556.7A CN102780083B (en) | 2012-07-26 | 2012-07-26 | Broadband communication antenna |
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| CN102780083A CN102780083A (en) | 2012-11-14 |
| CN102780083B true CN102780083B (en) | 2014-07-23 |
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| CN201210261556.7A Active CN102780083B (en) | 2012-07-26 | 2012-07-26 | Broadband communication antenna |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103219584B (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2015-11-25 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of wideband omnidirectional antenna |
| CN106025575A (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-10-12 | 天津七二通信广播有限公司 | Antenna system applied to UV frequency band of communication terminal |
| CN108963450A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2018-12-07 | 西安电子工程研究所 | A kind of vertical polarization micro-strip half-wave dipole missile-borne dictating machine antenna |
| CN113078457A (en) * | 2021-02-19 | 2021-07-06 | 深圳市信维通信股份有限公司 | Double-frequency double-fed high-gain antenna and electronic equipment |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611687U (en) * | 2010-02-10 | 2010-10-20 | 东南大学 | Rectangular microstrip patch antenna with floor loading embedded type bending line structure |
| CN101989681A (en) * | 2009-08-06 | 2011-03-23 | 立积电子股份有限公司 | Multi-frequency-band micro-strip zigzag type antenna |
| CN201994417U (en) * | 2011-01-06 | 2011-09-28 | 基信康信息技术（上海）有限公司 | Multi-frequency antenna |
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2012
- 2012-07-26 CN CN201210261556.7A patent/CN102780083B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101989681A (en) * | 2009-08-06 | 2011-03-23 | 立积电子股份有限公司 | Multi-frequency-band micro-strip zigzag type antenna |
| CN201611687U (en) * | 2010-02-10 | 2010-10-20 | 东南大学 | Rectangular microstrip patch antenna with floor loading embedded type bending line structure |
| CN201994417U (en) * | 2011-01-06 | 2011-09-28 | 基信康信息技术（上海）有限公司 | Multi-frequency antenna |
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