CN103219584B - A kind of wideband omnidirectional antenna - Google Patents
A kind of wideband omnidirectional antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN103219584B CN103219584B CN201310047179.1A CN201310047179A CN103219584B CN 103219584 B CN103219584 B CN 103219584B CN 201310047179 A CN201310047179 A CN 201310047179A CN 103219584 B CN103219584 B CN 103219584B
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Abstract
A kind of wideband omnidirectional antenna, comprises irradiation structure, feed structure and impedance matching structure.Irradiation structure employing upper part is solid, the metal tube of hollow lower part.Feed structure comprises metal floor and the coaxial fitting of center drilling, and the outer conductor of coaxial fitting is welded on metal floor.Impedance matching structure comprises copper conductor, circular ring metal sheet and nylon screw, metal tube, copper conductor, annulus sheet metal, floor are co-axial alignment, the inner wire of coaxial fitting welds with the bottom of copper conductor through the hole at metal floor center, the top of copper conductor is welded on the bottom of metal tube interior solid portion, the bottom of metal tube is welded on the inner circle of circular ring metal sheet, and circular ring metal sheet is fixed on the top of metal floor by nylon screw.The present invention is simple and compact for structure, it is little to take up room, it is wide to be with, and has the radiation characteristic of horizontal omnidirectional, can be used for wideband high-power frequency hopping, spread spectrum communication radio station.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to communication technical field, further relate to a kind of wideband omnidirectional antenna in Electromagnetic Field and Microwave Technology field.The present invention works in broad frequency range, has the directional diagram of horizontal omnidirectional, is applicable to the broad-band antenna in modern wideband high-power frequency hopping, spread spectrum communication radio station with wider working band.
Background technology
In modern communication technology, in order to the confidentiality of the quality and information that ensure communication, communication station has widely used frequency hop spread spectrum.Therefore, just require that antenna must be the broad-band antenna with wider working band.In addition, due to outward appearance and space utilization aspect, compact, compact conformation becomes the another requirement of restriction antenna.In traditional shortwave, ultrashort wave antenna, traditional monopole sub antenna because its structure is simple, be easy to feed, there is the radiation characteristic of horizontal omnidirectional and be widely applied, but its impedance bandwidth is narrower, generally only has about 10%, modern wideband frequency modulation spread spectrum communication requirement can not be met.By improving monopole antenna, can the beamwidth of antenna be increased, and the omnidirectional radiation characteristic of antenna can be ensured simultaneously.Usually, the frequency modulation in broadband, spread spectrum receivers broad-band antenna realize mainly containing following three kinds of methods:
A kind of broad-band antenna by the arrangement of multiple radiant body, parasitic oscillator, volume stream pipe and metallic support pipe conllinear is proposed in the patent " modified node method of wideband omnidirectional antenna " (application number: 200910112518.3, publication number: CN101651258A) of Quanzhou Jiaxin Antenna Co., Ltd.'s application.This antenna has very wide bandwidth of operation.The deficiency that this wideband omnidirectional antenna still exists is: although this wideband omnidirectional antenna has wider impedance bandwidth, but adjacent vibration generators spacing is very large, causes this antenna volume very large, place that should not be relatively narrow and small in space is installed, and is thus restricted when shortwave and ultrashort wave band applications.
Patent " the broad-band central feed whip aerial " (application number: 93102443.9 of Xian Electronics Science and Technology University's application, publication number: CN1096137A) in propose a kind of asymmetric middle feedback whip antenna, carried out the bandwidth of broadening antenna by a nonresonant formula wideband impedance match device of connecting at distributing point place.Adopt the antenna bandwidth of the method, voltage standing wave ratio is low.But the weak point that the method exists has 3 points, the first, adopts uneven center-fed antenna, can cause the antenna pattern deformity of antenna, greatest irradiation direction is no longer horizontal direction.Second, the method is connected at feed position place a passive impedance transformer and a broadband reactance compensation element, although generally all use reactance component lossless in theory in impedance matching network, these elements are not completely lossless in practice, can reduce the radiation efficiency of antenna.3rd, the matching network adding lamped element formation in distributing point source can make antenna total no longer compact.Thus limitation is larger in actual applications.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention with overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provide the little and wideband omnidirectional antenna of compact conformation of a kind of volume, utilize antenna own structural characteristics, according to the impedance feature of common monopole sub antenna, on radiant body and radiant body indoor design impedance matching structure.The impedance bandwidth of broadening antenna and directional diagram bandwidth in working frequency range, achieve the omnidirectional radiation characteristic of horizontal direction, maximum gain direction in the horizontal direction.
Realizing concrete thought of the present invention is: adopt the metal tube of solid, the hollow lower part of upper part as radiant body, according to the impedance feature of this metal tube, on radiant body and radiant body indoor design impedance matching structure.Optimized size and the position of impedance matching structure by modern global optimization approach, realize the coupling of antenna impedance.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows.
The present invention includes irradiation structure, feed structure and impedance matching structure.Irradiation structure employing upper part is solid, the metal tube of hollow lower part.Feed structure comprises metal floor and the coaxial fitting of center drilling, and the outer conductor of coaxial fitting is welded on metal floor.Impedance matching structure comprises copper conductor, circular ring metal sheet and nylon screw, metal tube, copper conductor, annulus sheet metal, floor are co-axial alignment, the inner wire of coaxial fitting welds with the bottom of copper conductor through the hole at metal floor center, copper conductor is set in metal tube inside, the top of copper conductor is welded on the bottom of metal tube interior solid portion, the bottom of metal tube is welded on the inner circle of circular ring metal sheet, and circular ring metal sheet is fixed on the top of metal floor by nylon screw.
Invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
The first, the present invention adopts that upper part is solid, the metal tube of hollow lower part as radiant body, overcome the bulky shortcoming of broad-band antenna that prior art exists.The present invention is provided with, and structure is simple, take up room little advantage, effectively expands the range of application of antenna.
The second, the present invention is by radiant body and radiant body indoor design impedance matching structure, and broadening antenna impedance bandwidth, overcomes prior art and access extra impedance matching network at feed port place, make the shortcoming that antenna structure is not compact, feed is complicated.Make the present invention have compact conformation, be easy to the advantage of feed.
3rd, the present invention realizes the coupling of antenna impedance by the diameter of modern global optimization approach Optimization of Copper wire and length, the overall diameter of circular ring metal sheet and the height on distance floor thereof, overcomes the shortcoming that impedance matching network that prior art uses lamped element to form reduces antenna radiation efficiency.The present invention is made to have the advantage of the radiation efficiency not affecting antenna while the broadening beamwidth of antenna.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is vertical view of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is A-A cutaway view of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is emulation and the resolution chart of embodiment of the present invention voltage standing wave ratio;
Fig. 4 is the directional diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Fig. 1 is vertical view of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is the half sectional view that the present invention cuts open along A-A face, symmetry axis place, and with reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, wideband omnidirectional antenna of the present invention mainly comprises irradiation structure, feed structure and impedance matching structure.
With reference to accompanying drawing 2, irradiation structure of the present invention adopts metal tube 1, and for ensureing that structure of the present invention is simple, it is little to take up room, the top of metal tube 1 is divided into solid, bottom to be divided into hollow.During resonance due to monopole antenna, the length of antenna is 1/4th of resonance frequency corresponding wavelength, so in order to make the good resonance of antenna of the present invention, gets 1/4th long total lengths as metal tube 1 of centre frequency corresponding wavelength.Because antenna is operated in 255-465MHz in embodiments of the invention, so the length of metal tube 1 is taken as 21 centimetres.
Feed structure of the present invention adopts coaxial feed, and comprise metal floor 2 and the coaxial fitting 3 of center drilling, in order to the radiation characteristic making antenna have horizontal omnidirectional, metal floor 2 should adopt Central Symmetry shape, as circular, square or polygon.In actual applications, can require to select circle, square or polygon a kind of shape wherein according to the difference of fabricating yard.
The impedance matching network that impedance matching structure of the present invention does not adopt lamped element to form, but according to the feature of antenna feed impedance, with radiant body indoor design impedance matching structure on radiant body, make the radiation efficiency that antenna feed is simple, do not affect antenna while broadening antenna impedance bandwidth.Impedance matching structure comprises circular ring metal sheet 5 and nylon screw 6 and copper conductor 4.
As can be seen from Figure 2, the mutual alignment of each parts of irradiation structure of the present invention, feed structure and impedance matching structure and connected mode as follows.
Metal tube 1, copper conductor 4, annulus sheet metal 5, metal floor 2 are in co-axial alignment, the outer conductor of coaxial fitting 3 welds with metal floor 2, the inner wire of coaxial fitting 3 welds with the bottom of copper conductor 4 through the hole at metal floor center, it is inner that copper conductor 4 is set in metal tube 1, the top of copper conductor 4 is welded on the bottom 7 of metal tube 1 interior solid portion, the bottom 8 of metal tube 1 is welded on the inner circle of circular ring metal sheet 5, and circular ring metal sheet 5 is fixed on the top of metal floor 2 by nylon screw 6.
Due in the present invention, copper conductor 4 is set in the inside of metal tube 1, and thus the diameter of copper conductor 4 is less than the interior diameter of metal tube 1, and in an embodiment of the present invention, copper conductor 4 diameter elects 1 millimeter as, and the interior diameter of metal tube 1 elects 3.2 millimeters as.In order to ensure that circular ring metal sheet 5 and metal tube 1 well weld together, the interior circular diameter of circular ring metal sheet 5 and the overall diameter of metal tube 1 should be equal, in embodiments of the invention, the interior circular diameter of circular ring metal sheet 5 and the overall diameter of metal tube 1 all elect 4 millimeters as.Embodiments of the invention are less than 3 for making antenna voltage standing wave ratio in frequency band 255-465MHz, modern global optimization approach is used to optimize size and the position of impedance matching structure, after optimizing, the length of copper conductor 4 is 7.1 centimetres, the height on distance floor is 2.5 millimeters, and the overall diameter of circular ring metal sheet 5 is 31 millimeters.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 3, Fig. 4, effect of the present invention is further described.
Emulation of the present invention is by electromagnetic software AnsoftHFSS modeling, and in frequency range 255-465MHz, emulation obtains.
Test of the present invention is by open space, uses the test of WILTRON-37269A vector network analyzer to obtain.
In fig. 3, transverse axis represents frequency, and the longitudinal axis represents voltage standing wave ratio.The curve indicated with circle in Fig. 3 represents the simulation curve of voltage standing wave ratio of the present invention, the curve indicated with triangle represents the test curve of voltage standing wave ratio of the present invention, and the curve representative that the curve indicated with square indicates is with the simulation curve of size monopole antenna voltage standing wave(VSW).Emulate simulation curve and the test curve of voltage standing wave ratio as can be seen from the present invention, in frequency range 225-465MHz, these two curves almost overlap, and illustrate that the simulation curve of voltage standing wave ratio of the present invention and test curve have good consistency.In frequency range 225-465MHz, the simulation curve of voltage standing wave ratio of the present invention and the ordinate of test curve, all below 3, illustrate that the present invention can normally work in 225-465MHz frequency range.By the difference of the centre frequency in 225-465MHz frequency range divided by highest frequency 465MHz and low-limit frequency 225MHz, can obtain relative bandwidth of the present invention is 58.3%.As can be seen from the simulation curve of same size monopole antenna voltage standing wave ratio, with the monopole antenna of size only in 255-325MHz, the ordinate of voltage standing wave ratio curve is less than 3, by the difference of the centre frequency in 255-325MHz frequency range divided by highest frequency 325MHz and low-limit frequency 255MHz, the relative bandwidth that can obtain same size monopole antenna is 21%.As can be seen here, the present invention compared with the monopole antenna of same size, effective broadening impedance bandwidth of antenna.
Fig. 4 is the simulation result figure of the present invention at centre frequency 260MHz place directional diagram.Wherein, Fig. 4 (a) is for the present invention is at the simulation result of the E face directional diagram at centre frequency 360MHz place, and Fig. 4 (b) is for the present invention is at the simulation result of the H face directional diagram at centre frequency 360MHz place.Can find out from the present invention at the E face directional diagram of 360MHz, maximum gain direction of the present invention in the horizontal plane.Can find out from the present invention at the H face directional diagram of 360MHz, directional diagram of the present invention has omni-directional in the horizontal direction.
From above-mentioned analysis, in working frequency range 255-465MHz, voltage standing wave(VSW) is all than being less than 3 in the present invention, and relative impedances bandwidth can reach 58.3%, and the present invention has the radiation characteristic of horizontal omnidirectional, and maximum gain direction is horizontal direction, it is a kind of omnidirectional antenna of broadband.
Claims (4)
1. a wideband omnidirectional antenna, comprises irradiation structure, feed structure and impedance matching structure, it is characterized in that, described irradiation structure employing upper part is solid, the metal tube (1) of hollow lower part, described feed structure comprises center drilling and has metal floor (2) and the coaxial fitting (3) of Central Symmetry shape, and the outer conductor of coaxial fitting (3) is welded on metal floor (2), described impedance matching structure comprises copper conductor (4), circular ring metal sheet (5) and nylon screw (6), metal tube (1), copper conductor (4), annulus sheet metal (5), floor (2) is in co-axial alignment, the inner wire of coaxial fitting (3) welds with the bottom of copper conductor (4) through the hole at metal floor (2) center, it is inner that copper conductor (4) is set in metal tube (1), the top of copper conductor (4) is welded on the bottom (7) of metal tube (1) interior solid portion, the bottom (8) of the lower hollow section of metal tube (1) is welded on the inner circle of circular ring metal sheet (5), circular ring metal sheet (5) is fixed on the top of metal floor (2) by nylon screw (6).
2. a kind of wideband omnidirectional antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that, centered by the length of described metal tube (1) frequency corresponding wavelength 1/4th.
3. a kind of wideband omnidirectional antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the diameter of described copper conductor (4) is less than the interior diameter of metal tube (1).
4. a kind of wideband omnidirectional antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the interior circular diameter of described circular ring metal sheet (5) is equal with the overall diameter of metal tube (1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310047179.1A CN103219584B (en) | 2013-01-25 | 2013-01-25 | A kind of wideband omnidirectional antenna |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310047179.1A CN103219584B (en) | 2013-01-25 | 2013-01-25 | A kind of wideband omnidirectional antenna |
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| CN103219584A CN103219584A (en) | 2013-07-24 |
| CN103219584B true CN103219584B (en) | 2015-11-25 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114361774B (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2024-01-05 | 上海海积信息科技股份有限公司 | Ultra-wideband antenna |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1096137A (en) * | 1993-03-03 | 1994-12-07 | 西安电子科技大学 | Present whip antenna in the broadband |
| CN201048166Y (en) * | 2007-04-16 | 2008-04-16 | 烟台新锐科技有限公司 | Omni antenna |
| CN101651258A (en) * | 2009-09-16 | 2010-02-17 | 泉州佳信天线有限公司 | Improved structure of wideband omnidirectional antenna |
| JP2011066627A (en) * | 2009-09-16 | 2011-03-31 | Smart:Kk | Nfc sensor antenna |
| CN102780083A (en) * | 2012-07-26 | 2012-11-14 | 中国航天科工集团第三研究院第八三五七研究所 | Broadband communication antenna |
-
2013
- 2013-01-25 CN CN201310047179.1A patent/CN103219584B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1096137A (en) * | 1993-03-03 | 1994-12-07 | 西安电子科技大学 | Present whip antenna in the broadband |
| CN201048166Y (en) * | 2007-04-16 | 2008-04-16 | 烟台新锐科技有限公司 | Omni antenna |
| CN101651258A (en) * | 2009-09-16 | 2010-02-17 | 泉州佳信天线有限公司 | Improved structure of wideband omnidirectional antenna |
| JP2011066627A (en) * | 2009-09-16 | 2011-03-31 | Smart:Kk | Nfc sensor antenna |
| CN102780083A (en) * | 2012-07-26 | 2012-11-14 | 中国航天科工集团第三研究院第八三五七研究所 | Broadband communication antenna |
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