CN102775253A - Special trickle irrigation fertilizer for saline-alkali soil cotton and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Special trickle irrigation fertilizer for saline-alkali soil cotton and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102775253A CN102775253A CN2012103075231A CN201210307523A CN102775253A CN 102775253 A CN102775253 A CN 102775253A CN 2012103075231 A CN2012103075231 A CN 2012103075231A CN 201210307523 A CN201210307523 A CN 201210307523A CN 102775253 A CN102775253 A CN 102775253A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a special trickle irrigation fertilizer for saline-alkali soil cotton. The preparation method of the special trickle irrigation fertilizer for saline-alkali soil cotton comprises the following steps: adding 10-15 parts by weight of nitrohumic acid into 10-15 parts by weight of 10% potassium hydroxide solution; heating to 70 DEG C while introducing helium, and performing protective reaction for 5 minutes; naturally cooling, and then regulating the pH value to neutral with a dilute sulfuric acid solution; and sequentially adding 3-5 parts by weight of acrylic acid, 0-1.5 parts by weight of acrylamide, 0.01-0.02 part by weight of potassium thiosulfate and 0.01-0.02 part by weight of ferrous sulfate, introducing helium, and reacting for 2 hours. The special trickle irrigation fertilizer for saline-alkali soil cotton can activate fixed nutrients of the soil. increase organic nutrients of the soil and improve the physical structure of the soil, thereby providing a guarantee for the favorable growth of plants; meanwhile, an effect of reducing saline matters and increasing nutrients in the plant growing season is achieved; and the characteristic of water solubility determines that the trickle irrigation time and consumption of the special fertilizer can be selected according to the varieties and growing conditions of the plants. Thus, the special trickle irrigation fertilizer has wide application values.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to newly-ploughed soil improvement technical field, be specifically related to a kind of cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer of saltings and the technical field of preparation and method of use thereof.
Background technology
China is saline-alkali soil distribution country widely, and the saline-alkali soil total resources is about 9913 * 10
4Ha has 920.99 * 10 in the arable land approximately
4Ha has the different salinification of degree, accounts for 6.62% of national cultivated area.Wherein, Xinjiang is that China's salinization soil area is maximum, and the provinces and regions that the salinity component type is maximum have " title in world's saline-alkali soil museum ".The total area of Xinjiang saline-alkali soil accounts for 22% of national saline-alkali soil area.Receive the area of the harm of salinification in various degree to account for 30% of total cultivated area in existing the arable land, account for middle-and-low-yielding fields area 63%, wherein, in receiving, the middle-and-low-yielding fields that threaten of severe salinification account for 22% of total arable land.The salinification of soil and secondary salinization problem become and are difficult to the problem of avoiding in the agriculture prodn; Affect expanding economy; Threatening the stable of the oasis ecosystem, is the major obstacle of restriction arid biogeographic zone agricultural development, need take scientific and reasonable method to solve constantly.
To the saltings, Xinjiang; Soil salt is high, characteristics such as pH is high, calcareous is strong, soil physics structure difference; Make full use of local weathered coal humic acid resource in a large number, produce the cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer that is fit to the alkaline land soil plantation, Xinjiang saline-alkali soil is planted cotton production have important practical value.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of alkaline land cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer and preparation and method of use, be applicable to the cotton region, saltings, soil salt is high, the cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer of characteristics such as pH is high, calcareous is strong, soil physics structure difference.
The invention provides a kind of cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer of saltings; Material component is according to the weight part meter, and the cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer contains nitro humus acid 10-15 part, potassium hydroxide solution 10-15 part of 10% (w/w); Vinylformic acid 3-5 part; Acrylic amide 0-1.5 part, Potassium Thiosulphate 0.01-0.02 part, ferrous sulfate 0.01-0.02 part.
Simultaneously, the invention provides a kind of special-purpose preparation method of drip irrigation of saltings, its concrete preparation process is following:
(1), nitro humus acid 10-15 part is added in the potassium hydroxide solution of 10-15 part 10% according to the weight part meter;
(2) fully be heated to 70 ℃, protective reaction 5 minutes under the secluding air helium injection gas condition;
(3) regulate PH to neutral with dilution heat of sulfuric acid behind the naturally cooling;
(4) according to the weight part meter, successively according to vinylformic acid 3-5 part, acrylic amide 0-1.5 part, Potassium Thiosulphate 0.01-0.02 part, ferrous sulfate 0.01-0.02 part adds the reactant continued helium injection gas that step (3) prepares, and reacts 2 hours.
Further, method of use is the cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer that the invention provides a kind of saltings on the cotton saltings planting: in annual spring, behind the sowing cotton seed, emerge before, cotton adds in the entry during dripping irrigation water for the first time, executes with water droplet; Products Show amount of application of the present invention is every mu of 2.5kg.
Implement through the field, compared with prior art, concrete summary of the invention of the present invention can reach following effect.
1. this alkaline land cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer is water soluble fertilizer, can executes with water droplet with droping irrigating pipe, uses simple, convenient.
2. this alkaline land cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer is strongly-acid fertilizer (about pH=3), has the effect of the soil pH of reduction.
3. this alkaline land cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer is used in plant-growth in earlier stage, and desalting effect is remarkable, can effectively reduce the influence that salt damage is emerged to plant.
4. this alkaline land cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer is for being the fertilizer of main raw material with the nitro humus acid, can activating soil stationary state nutrient, increase the soil organic nutrient, improve the soil physics structure, guarantee be provided for the good growth of plant.
5. this alkaline land cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer possesses salinity vegetation period of the reduction simultaneously and increases the effect of nutrient, and water miscible characteristics have determined and should can select to drip a time and a consumption of executing according to kind and the growth conditions of plant by special use fertilizer.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: the preparation of the cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer in saltings
Material component is according to the weight part meter, and its concrete preparation process is following:
(1) in the potassium hydroxide solution with 10 part 10% of 10 parts of adding of nitro humus acid;
(2) fully be heated to 70 ℃, protective reaction 5 minutes under the secluding air helium injection gas condition;
(3) regulate PH to neutral with dilution heat of sulfuric acid behind the naturally cooling;
(4) successively according to 3 parts in vinylformic acid, 0.5 part of acrylic amide, 0.01 part of Potassium Thiosulphate, 0.01 part in ferrous sulfate adds the reactant continued helium injection gas that step (3) prepares, and reacts 2 hours.
Obtain the alkaline land cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer in annual spring through above-mentioned prepared, behind the sowing cotton seed, emerge before, cotton adds in the entry during dripping irrigation water for the first time, executes with water droplet; Special-purpose fertilizer provided by the invention is water soluble fertilizer, can executes with water droplet with droping irrigating pipe, and recommending amount of application is every mu of 2.5kg; About this alkaline land cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer pH=3, be strongly-acid fertilizer, have the effect of the soil pH of reduction; This alkaline land cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer is used in plant-growth in earlier stage, and desalting effect is remarkable, can effectively reduce the influence that salt damage is emerged to plant; Simultaneously; This alkaline land cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer is for being the fertilizer of main raw material with the nitro humus acid; Can activating soil stationary state nutrient, increase the soil organic nutrient, improve the soil physics structure, guarantee be provided for the good growth of plant; Possess salinity vegetation period of the reduction simultaneously and increase the effect of nutrient, water miscible characteristics have determined and should can select to drip a time and a consumption of executing according to kind and the growth conditions of plant by special use fertilizer.
Embodiment two: the preparation of the cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer in saltings
Material component is according to the weight part meter, and its concrete preparation process is following:
(1) in the potassium hydroxide solution with 15 part 10% of 15 parts of adding of nitro humus acid;
(2) fully be heated to 70 ℃, protective reaction 5 minutes under the secluding air helium injection gas condition;
(3) regulate PH to neutral with dilution heat of sulfuric acid behind the naturally cooling;
(4) successively according to 5 parts in vinylformic acid, 1.5 parts of acrylic amides, 0.02 part of Potassium Thiosulphate, 0.02 part in ferrous sulfate adds the reactant continued helium injection gas that step (3) prepares, and reacts 2 hours.
Obtain the alkaline land cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer in annual spring through above-mentioned prepared, behind the sowing cotton seed, emerge before, cotton adds in the entry during dripping irrigation water for the first time, executes with water droplet; Special-purpose fertilizer provided by the invention is water soluble fertilizer, can executes with water droplet with droping irrigating pipe, and recommending amount of application is every mu of 2.5kg; About this alkaline land cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer pH=3, be strongly-acid fertilizer, have the effect of the soil pH of reduction; This alkaline land cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer is used in plant-growth in earlier stage, and desalting effect is remarkable, can effectively reduce the influence that salt damage is emerged to plant; Simultaneously; This alkaline land cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer is for being the fertilizer of main raw material with the nitro humus acid; Can activating soil stationary state nutrient, increase the soil organic nutrient, improve the soil physics structure, guarantee be provided for the good growth of plant; Possess salinity vegetation period of the reduction simultaneously and increase the effect of nutrient, water miscible characteristics have determined and should can select to drip a time and a consumption of executing according to kind and the growth conditions of plant by special use fertilizer.
Embodiment three: the preparation of the cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer in saltings
Material component is according to the weight part meter, and its concrete preparation process is following:
(1) in the potassium hydroxide solution with 12 part 10% of 13 parts of adding of nitro humus acid;
(2) fully be heated to 70 ℃, protective reaction 5 minutes under the secluding air helium injection gas condition;
(3) regulate PH to neutral with dilution heat of sulfuric acid behind the naturally cooling;
(4) successively according to 4 parts in vinylformic acid, 1.2 parts of acrylic amides, 0.01 part of Potassium Thiosulphate, 0.02 part in ferrous sulfate adds the reactant continued helium injection gas that step (3) prepares, and reacts 2 hours.
Obtain the alkaline land cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer in annual spring through above-mentioned prepared, behind the sowing cotton seed, emerge before, cotton adds in the entry during dripping irrigation water for the first time, executes with water droplet; Special-purpose fertilizer provided by the invention is water soluble fertilizer, can executes with water droplet with droping irrigating pipe; About this alkaline land cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer pH=3, be strongly-acid fertilizer, have the effect of the soil pH of reduction; This alkaline land cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer is used in plant-growth in earlier stage, and desalting effect is remarkable, can effectively reduce the influence that salt damage is emerged to plant; Simultaneously; This alkaline land cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer is for being the fertilizer of main raw material with the nitro humus acid; Can activating soil stationary state nutrient, increase the soil organic nutrient, improve the soil physics structure, guarantee be provided for the good growth of plant; Possess salinity vegetation period of the reduction simultaneously and increase the effect of nutrient, water miscible characteristics have determined and should can select to drip a time and a consumption of executing according to kind and the growth conditions of plant by special use fertilizer.
Embodiment four: the preparation of the cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer in saltings
Material component is according to the weight part meter, and its concrete preparation process is following:
(1) in the potassium hydroxide solution with 11 part 10% of 14 parts of adding of nitro humus acid;
(2) fully be heated to 70 ℃, protective reaction 5 minutes under the secluding air helium injection gas condition;
(3) regulate PH to neutral with dilution heat of sulfuric acid behind the naturally cooling;
(4) successively according to 3.5 parts in vinylformic acid, 1 part of acrylic amide, 0.02 part of Potassium Thiosulphate, 0.01 part in ferrous sulfate adds the reactant continued helium injection gas that step (3) prepares, and reacts 2 hours.
Obtain the alkaline land cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer in annual spring through above-mentioned prepared, behind the sowing cotton seed, emerge before, cotton adds in the entry during dripping irrigation water for the first time, executes with water droplet; Special-purpose fertilizer provided by the invention is water soluble fertilizer, can executes with water droplet with droping irrigating pipe; About this alkaline land cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer pH=3, be strongly-acid fertilizer, have the effect of the soil pH of reduction; This alkaline land cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer is used in plant-growth in earlier stage, and desalting effect is remarkable, can effectively reduce the influence that salt damage is emerged to plant; Simultaneously; This alkaline land cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer is for being the fertilizer of main raw material with the nitro humus acid; Can activating soil stationary state nutrient, increase the soil organic nutrient, improve the soil physics structure, guarantee be provided for the good growth of plant; Possess salinity vegetation period of the reduction simultaneously and increase the effect of nutrient, water miscible characteristics have determined and should can select to drip a time and a consumption of executing according to kind and the growth conditions of plant by special use fertilizer.
Embodiment five: the preparation of the cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer in saltings
Material component is according to the weight part meter, and its concrete preparation process is following:
(1) in the potassium hydroxide solution with 10 part 10% of 10 parts of adding of nitro humus acid;
(2) fully be heated to 70 ℃, protective reaction 5 minutes under the secluding air helium injection gas condition;
(3) regulate PH to neutral with dilution heat of sulfuric acid behind the naturally cooling;
(4) successively according to 3 parts in vinylformic acid, 0.01 part of Potassium Thiosulphate, 0.01 part in ferrous sulfate adds the reactant continued helium injection gas that step (3) prepares, and reacts 2 hours.
Obtain the alkaline land cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer in annual spring through above-mentioned prepared, behind the sowing cotton seed, emerge before, cotton adds in the entry during dripping irrigation water for the first time, executes with water droplet; Special-purpose fertilizer provided by the invention is water soluble fertilizer, can executes with water droplet with droping irrigating pipe; About this alkaline land cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer pH=3, be strongly-acid fertilizer, have the effect of the soil pH of reduction; This alkaline land cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer is used in plant-growth in earlier stage, and desalting effect is remarkable, can effectively reduce the influence that salt damage is emerged to plant; Simultaneously; This alkaline land cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer is for being the fertilizer of main raw material with the nitro humus acid; Can activating soil stationary state nutrient, increase the soil organic nutrient, improve the soil physics structure, guarantee be provided for the good growth of plant; Possess salinity vegetation period of the reduction simultaneously and increase the effect of nutrient, water miscible characteristics have determined and should can select to drip a time and a consumption of executing according to kind and the growth conditions of plant by special use fertilizer.
Embodiment six: the field test checking of the cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer in saltings
The material component of alkaline land cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer and weight part constitute and prepare variant prodn by the foregoing description, carry out following field test checking according to randomly drawing No. 1, No. 2 with No. 3 three kinds of different special-purpose fertilizer.
Overview experimental field
Tested annual April to November and on cotton breeding base, academy of agricultural sciences, Xinjiang, Manas County Bao Jiadian town, carry out.This base is positioned at mountain system north slope stage casing, Tianshan Mountains, and Junggar Basin southwest edge is in typical desert grey soil area, apart from the Manas County 28km, apart from the Bao Jiadian town 17km.The continental arid in temperate zone, semiarid climate district during the test site belongs to, steam output is greater than quantity of precipitation, and day and night temperature is greatly different.489 meters of sea levels on the average, >=10 ℃ total effective temperature are 3584 ° of C, average annual several 2886 hours of sunshine, frostless season 135-170 days, soil pH 8-9.
Test design
Optimizing under the measure condition of water and fertilizer management, the saltings is being dripped execute special-purpose fertilizer product and irritate with water droplet by basic, normal, high the carrying out of amount of application, method is for before cotton emerges, and the alkaline land cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer put into fertilizer spreading tank drip after water-soluble and execute.
Base is executed diammonium phosphate 20kg/ mu (16-46-0) before experimental field broadcasting, test totally 3 processing, 3 repetitions, sub-district district's group arrangement at random, experimental plot area 69.2m
2(6.92m * 10m).Topdress in the cotton development stage, pour water and adopt the water and fertilizer management technology of optimizing, see the following form 2, the cultivation management measure is consistent with local land for growing field crops.The detailed consumption of each treating product sees the following form 1:
Table 1 alkaline land cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer is handled
3. sample collection method and mensuration
Using alkaline land cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer front and back and cotton boll blowing phase each sub-district 0-10cm of mensuration, 10-20cm, the total salt of 20-40cm deep soil.The method of sampling: every sub-district is mixed into an appearance with earth boring auger multidraw (continuous sampling of sampling point annex) and analyzes.
Output of cotton is measured
The cotton boll blowing phase presses in each sub-district, in, on each 50, adopt complete blow-of-cottons cotton and weigh, calculate output.
Test-results
The ratio of desalinization of drip irrigation fertilizer special for cotton product and output of cotton analytical results table from the saltings; Be that the low amount of application of main raw material is handled 1 and reached the effect that reduces the cotton development stage salt content, increases output of cotton with the nitro humus acid, effect of increasing production reaches the significant difference level.
Table 2 cotton development stage liquid manure is used scale
Table 3 is respectively handled ratio of desalinization and output of cotton
[0030] conclusion
It is 2.5kg that the mu of North SinKiang alkaline land cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer is recommended amount of application; After being recommended in sowing cotton seed, emerge before drip irrigation use, can effectively reduce cotton development stage (especially seedling stage) salt content after using, can significantly improve output of cotton.
Show through above-mentioned experimental study:
1. alkaline land cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer provided by the invention is water soluble fertilizer, can executes with water droplet with droping irrigating pipe, uses simple, convenient.The characteristics of water soluble fertilizer are exactly that fertilizer can be dissolved in the water rapidly; And the advantage of drip irrigation is that fertilizer gets into and meets water dissolution behind the fertilizer spreading tank, executes with water droplet with facilities such as droping irrigating pipes and get near the crop root, and these characteristics are water soluble fertilizer and the combining of drip irrigation advantage.
2. alkaline land cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer provided by the invention is strongly-acid fertilizer (about pH=3), has the effect of the soil pH of reduction.Acid has neutralizing effect to alkali, and as long as fertilizer pH apply alkalescence (this study area pH is 8-9) soil and promptly have the effect of the soil pH of reduction, and this special-purpose fertile pH is 3 less than 7.
3. alkaline land cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer provided by the invention is used in plant-growth in earlier stage, and desalting effect is remarkable, can effectively reduce the influence that salt damage is emerged to plant.Contrast before and after this special-purpose fertilizer is used, referring to table 3, soil salt reduces, ratio of desalinization reaches more than 20%.
4. alkaline land cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer provided by the invention is for being the fertilizer of main raw material with the nitro humus acid, can activating soil stationary state nutrient, increase the soil organic nutrient, improve the soil physics structure, guarantee be provided for the good growth of plant.The fertile main raw material of this special use is the weathered coal nitro humic acid; This raw material this as natural organic substance, promptly can activating soil stationary state nutrient after being manured into soil, increase the soil organic nutrient, improve soil physics structure (the document support of having delivered is all arranged); Yet after the modification of laboratory, it has possessed low pH, water miscible characteristics, do not change and itself have the characteristic of increasing soil fertility, so this effect does not need to attach the experimental data explanation in addition.
5. alkaline land cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer provided by the invention possesses salinity vegetation period of the reduction simultaneously and increases the effect of nutrient, and water miscible characteristics have determined and should can select to drip a time and a consumption of executing according to kind and the growth conditions of plant by special use fertilizer.
Claims (3)
1. the cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer in a saltings is characterized in that, material component is according to the weight part meter; The cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer contains nitro humus acid 10-15 part; Potassium hydroxide solution 10-15 part of 10% (w/w), vinylformic acid 3-5 part, acrylic amide 0-1.5 part; Potassium Thiosulphate 0.01-0.02 part, ferrous sulfate 0.01-0.02 part.
2. the preparation method of the cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer in saltings according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the special-purpose concrete preparation process of the drip irrigation in saltings is following:
(1), nitro humus acid 10-15 part is added in the potassium hydroxide solution of 10-15 part 10% according to the weight part meter;
(2) fully be heated to 70 ℃, protective reaction 5 minutes under the secluding air helium injection gas condition;
(3) regulate PH to neutral with dilution heat of sulfuric acid behind the naturally cooling;
(4) according to the weight part meter, successively according to vinylformic acid 3-5 part, acrylic amide 0-1.5 part, Potassium Thiosulphate 0.01-0.02 part, ferrous sulfate 0.01-0.02 part adds the reactant continued helium injection gas that step (3) prepares, and reacts 2 hours.
3. the cotton drip irrigation special fertilizer in a saltings is characterized in that planting method of use on the cotton saltings, in annual spring, behind the sowing cotton seed, emerge before, cotton adds in the entry during dripping irrigation water for the first time, executes with water droplet, amount of application is every mu of 2.5kg.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104030762A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2014-09-10 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Special water-soluble carbon-contained fertilizer for drip irrigation cotton |
| CN106212210A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2016-12-14 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | A kind of alkaline land improving spray irrigation system based on Internet of Things |
| CN107892919A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-04-10 | 山东胜景旅游发展有限公司 | A kind of salt-soda soil fruit tree drip irrigation soil conditioner |
| CN107996611A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-05-08 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | A kind of method of cotton seedling strengthening promoting root growth |
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| CN101318858A (en) * | 2007-10-24 | 2008-12-10 | 石河子大学 | Clear liquid complex fertilizer special for high concentration drip irrigation and method of preparing the same |
| CN102070367A (en) * | 2009-11-25 | 2011-05-25 | 上凌生物技术（北京）有限公司 | Plant efficient drip irrigation fertilizer |
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| CN101063037A (en) * | 2007-04-14 | 2007-10-31 | 新疆农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Organic macromolecular soil phosphor element activator and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104030762A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2014-09-10 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Special water-soluble carbon-contained fertilizer for drip irrigation cotton |
| CN104030762B (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2016-06-08 | 新疆农垦科学院 | A kind of drip irrigation cotton is special containing carbon element water-soluble fertilizer |
| CN106212210A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2016-12-14 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | A kind of alkaline land improving spray irrigation system based on Internet of Things |
| CN107892919A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-04-10 | 山东胜景旅游发展有限公司 | A kind of salt-soda soil fruit tree drip irrigation soil conditioner |
| CN107996611A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-05-08 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | A kind of method of cotton seedling strengthening promoting root growth |
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Application publication date: 20121114 |