CN102773572B - Overlaid plate type internal solution filling forming electrode for high-speed electric discharge machining - Google Patents

Overlaid plate type internal solution filling forming electrode for high-speed electric discharge machining Download PDF

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CN102773572B
CN102773572B CN201210026722.5A CN201210026722A CN102773572B CN 102773572 B CN102773572 B CN 102773572B CN 201210026722 A CN201210026722 A CN 201210026722A CN 102773572 B CN102773572 B CN 102773572B
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electrode
shaped electrode
rushes
high rate
rate discharge
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CN102773572A (en
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赵万生
顾琳
向小莉
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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Abstract

The invention discloses an overlaid plate type internal solution filling forming electrode for high-speed electric discharge machining, which comprises an electrode overlaid plate set and an electrode contact, wherein the electrode overlaid plate set is formed by overlaying and fastening a plurality of electrode plates, so forming electrodes are formed for electric discharge machining, a plurality of through grooves are formed in the surfaces of the electrode plates, a plurality of through holes are formed between the forming electrodes through overlaying the electrode plates, and are used for being filled with the working solution for realizing the forcible internal solution filling during the machining process, the electrode contact comprises an electrode overlaid plate port, a working solution inlet and a machine tool fixture port, and the forming electrodes are connected with a machine tool spindle chuck through the electrode contact, and provide the channels for the working solution to flow towards the through holes in the electrode overlaid plate set during the internal solution filling.

Description

The stacked interior liquid shaped electrode that rushes for high rate discharge processing
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of shaped electrode that belongs to special processing technology field, specifically, is the stacked interior liquid shaped electrode that rushes for high rate discharge processing.
Background technology
High rate discharge processing is to utilize the short arc discharge that can conduct up to up to ten thousand amperes of discharge currents to carry out the especially Novel electric processing method of hard-cutting material of efficient ablation workpiece material.In high rate discharge processing, electric arc is the Main Means of ablation workpiece material, thereby also may become the latency that causes the overheated burn of workpiece.In process, must take effective means to stop the formation of stable arc, make electric arc in state of disturbance and when needed in time breaking arc realize what is called " current interruption ".Therefore the key that, adopts short electric arc to carry out high rate discharge processing is will have to disturb reliably arc, current interruption mechanism.The electric arc utilizing of electric discharge machining process belongs to the fexible conductor in dynamic equilibrium state, by the quantity plasma that equal cation, electronics and neutral particle (atom or molecule) forms substantially, be subject to ectocine and become unstable and even disappear.This attribute of electric arc makes to adopt the distance that increases between cathodic discharge point and anode discharge point or the mode that discharge channel imposes its deflection elongation of enough foreign compulsions cannot maintain it and realizes and disturb arc, current interruption.The current interruption mode realizing with respect to the relative mechanical movement of surface of the work by electrode, can be described as mechanical movement current interruption; And the fluid dynamic producing by the swiftly flowing working solution of interpolar realizes, disturb arc and current interruption, we are referred to as " disturb/current interruption of fluid dynamic ".
Through the retrieval of prior art is found, the current interruption of current short arc discharge processing is all to adopt mechanical movement current interruption mechanism to realize.For example woodworking machinery factory in lane, Weifang City is at patent CN87212711, and Co., Ltd of Suzhou Electric Machine Tool Research Institute discloses respectively positive pole machinery cutter sweep and part-structure separately in patent CN201644967.Positive pole machinery cutting originates from the forties in last century, is a kind of method of utilizing the compound action cutting metal material of electrochemistry, electric heating and mechanical force.The method will be cut workpiece as anode, be connected with DC power anode.During cutting at incision glass (sodium metasilicate) electrolyte that waters.The tangential workpiece of cutting tool of High Rotation Speed.Under the effect of dc source, the because of metal electrolysis of workpiece cut surface generates oxide-film, and is constantly struck off by the cutting tool of High Rotation Speed, by electrolyte, is taken away.Between some raised points of cut surface and instrument, be also accompanied by arc discharge, metal is by high temperature melting, gasification and ablation is also taken away with electrolyte, and cutting tool is just cut in workpiece gradually, until cut off.Positive pole machinery cutting off machine generally has two kinds of disc type and belts.Except electrolytic effect, the elimination of electrical discharge arc is also to complete by the relative motion between instrument and workpiece.Ye Liangcai discloses processing method and the equipment that short arc discharge and mechanical grinding combine in patent CN87106421A, and short electric arc electromachining equipment further disclosed in patent CN 1061175A, what these two patents related to is the process of a kind of being called " electric melting and explosion machining ", adopts discoid Solid Tools electrode rotary motion and short arc discharge to combine and realizes the combined processing method that metal melting is removed.In process by the rotation of discoid Solid Tools electrode, the relative motion between implementation tool and workpiece, thus to the electrical discharge arc current interruption that makes mechanical movement, realize efficient discharge processing.By its principle, determined, the method is mainly applicable to the processing of the slewing parts such as roll, grinding roller.In addition, General Electric Co. Limited is disclosed distributed arc electroerosion processing method in patent CN 1693024A, Suzhou Zhongte Electromechanical Sci-Tech Co., Ltd. discloses in the method that adopts simple hollow long electrode to carry out high-efficient milling electric discharge processing in patent CN1397399A, has all related to the combined processing method that a kind of single hole entity electrode multiaxial motion and short arc discharge combine.Their common ground is all that the mechanical movement current interruption that electrical discharge arc is carried out in the relative motion based between electrode and workpiece realizes processing.While adopting the method, the shaping process of workpiece is similar to spark discharge Milling Process, adopts simple electrode by the processing that successively ablation workpiece material obtains 3D shape of discharging, and this type of mode can be used for processing the processing of open type curved surface.The loss of the simple electrode using due to this method in process is larger, need to compensate in time, and Co., Ltd of Suzhou Electric Machine Tool Research Institute discloses a kind of compensation for electrode wear method in patent CN101982280A.
The tool-electrode adopting in above-mentioned these disclosed Short arc machining methods is traditional atresia or single hole electrode, first do not belong to " shaped electrode " that possess 3D shape, cannot adopt single shaft feeding " sunk (Sinking) " processing mode to obtain the workpiece with three-dimensional appearance; What secondly adopt is the method that workpiece rotation or electrode rotary are realized mechanical movement current interruption, main relative motion (building motion) between instrument and workpiece is tangent with component shaping surface, can produce like this mechanical movement current interruption effect, and high rate discharge processing method based on " fluid dynamic is disturbed arc/current interruption ", its instrument and relative main motion (building motion) between workpiece are perpendicular to component shaping surface, rely on the fluid dynamic that swiftly flowing working solution produces that electric arc disturbance is even blown disconnected completely.
The inventor discloses a kind of bundling electrode in patent CN 1657208A, and kind electrode can be polymerized discrete the turning to of monoblock type shaped electrode by a large amount of tubular units electrodes, can realize in strengthening porous and rush liquid.Different from above-mentioned traditional liquid-charging type, in this porous, liquid-charging type can make the working solution flow that flows into interpolar enlarge markedly, thereby can obtain and have the swiftly flowing working solution flow field that fluid dynamic is disturbed arc/current interruption ability at interpolar.But still there is following some deficiency in this bundling electrode: the Proximal surface 1) being comprised of cross section, a large amount of small unit due to its three-dimensional end face, it in theory just exists certain error between profile continuously with corresponding target three-dimensional.Thereby while adopting bundling electrode to discharge roughing, be necessary for subsequent fine manufacturing procedure and retain the allowance that is greater than this theoretical error value, this can increase following process time and the cost of part.2) this bundling electrode is comprised of the cell electrode of a large amount of linearities, and its flushing hole axis is straight line, and cannot obtain axis is that curve or the flushing hole with variable cross-section are further optimized with the liquid effect that liquidates.3) its method of clamping makes bundling electrode be suitable for the processing of open type die cavity, and is difficult to realize the workpiece processing with hemi-closure space die cavity.Applicant discloses bunched electrode high-speed discharge processing method in patent CN102091839, and the method is utilized bundling electrode to realize in reinforced high pressure, large flow porous and rushed liquid, uses fluid dynamic to disturb arc/current interruption mechanism and guarantees short arc discharge processing.The disclosed electrode of the application can be used as the enforcement electrode of the disclosed bunched electrode high-speed discharge processing method of patent CN102091839, realizes high rate discharge processing.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to prior art above shortcomings, a kind of high rate discharge stacked interior liquid shaped electrode that rushes for processing is provided, this shaped electrode not only can be realized in porous and rush liquid function, possesses the ability of carrying out high rate discharge processing; Also have advantages of that electrode end surface profile is continuous curve surface simultaneously, can avoid the intrinsic poor deficiency of face type surface accuracy of bundling electrode discrete topology; In addition its flushing hole axis can be curve, and flushing hole cross section can be variable cross-section, in order to realize the complicated liquid effect of rushing; Can for the preparation of the porous, shaped electrode of hemi-closure space processing and as required in electrode bottom surface and side opening flushing hole realize and efficiently rush liquid.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, comprising: electrode stack of laminations and joint two parts.Wherein electrode stack of laminations is by the stack of a plurality of electrode slices fastening forming, for forming the shaped electrode processing of discharging.Electrode lamination fastening is by fastening bolt or fastening rivet or tightens up nut and complete.Joint comprises electrode lamination interface, working solution entrance and jig interface, for laminar electrodes is connected with machine tool chief axis chuck by joint, and provide interior while rushing liquid working solution lead to the passage of laminar electrodes group mesopore system.When using General-purpose electrode lamination to prepare laminar electrodes, peripheral flushing hole avaivable electrode lamination housing, elastic sealing ring, the rigidity shelves ring of not participating in electric discharge processing part coordinates sealing to avoid working solution to outflow in a large number, and adopts and tighten up nut elastic sealing ring and rigidity shelves ring and laminar electrodes group are fixed.When using Custom Prosthesis electrode lamination to prepare laminar electrodes, needn't use electrode lamination housing, elastic sealing ring and rigidity shelves ring and tighten up nut.
Described electrode slice is to be made by conductive material.
Its surface of described electrode slice is provided with a plurality of grooves, and after electrode slice stack, these grooves construct a plurality of passages between electrode, for working solution in process, enter to realize the interior liquid that rushes of forcing of process.
Its axis of described groove can be straight line or curve.Axis is from interface end, to the end of processing end.
Its cross sectional shape of described groove is following wherein a kind of: polygon, circular arc and elliptic arc.For rushing liquid needs, along the section shape and size of axis direction groove, can change.
Described electrode slice, except electrode lamination interface end, the final profile of all the other each faces refers to have and the target entity model profile that successively gained partial model is identical after discretization.The formation of this final profile can processing or the rear whole processing of stack respectively before electrode slice stack.
Described electrode slice, has installing hole and passes through for fastening bolt or fastening rivet between upper and lower surface.
According to target physical model is after successively the order of discretization superposes the electrode slice through-thickness that described laminar electrodes refers to some successively, and the assembly by forming after fixing, has the profile identical with target entity model.
Described fixed combination body, refers to and adopts fastening bolt or fastening rivet multi-disc electrode to be fixed and the laminar electrodes main body that forms.Between fastening bolt or fastening rivet and electrode slice, there are pad or metal platen interval, in order to avoid electrode slice is direct stressed, destroy.
Described electrode lamination housing is hollow annular structure, and its inner side profile and porous laminar electrodes outline match, its underpart have external screw thread for tighten up nut and be connected, and there is opening bottom for screwing.
Described elastic sealing ring is hollow annular structure, and its inner side profile and porous laminar electrodes head machining profile match, and its lateral profile is circular, to realize the end face seal to non-machining area porous.
Described rigidity baffle ring is hollow annular structure, and its inner side profile and porous laminar electrodes head machining profile match, and its lateral profile is round boss structure, contacts, for realizing the extruding to elastic sealing ring with tightening up nut.
The described inner side openend that tightens up nut is provided with blocking surface to realize the axial limiting to rigidity baffle ring, in the relative side of openend, is provided with the female thread structure that matches with electrode lamination housing with connecting electrode head.
Described electrode contact top or middle part are provided with hollow flushing hole so that working solution enters, and bottom is provided with working solution outlet, to realize the interior liquid that rushes that forces in process.
The top of described electrode contact is provided with the connecting interface matching with machine tool chief axis.
The bottom of described electrode contact is provided with opening, for connecting and gripping laminar electrodes group.Connect and method of clamping for being threaded, the fastening or flange connection of clip.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: laminar electrodes has continuous end face profile can have the machining accuracy higher than bundling electrode, its loose structure can carry out rushing liquid in reinforced high pressure, large flow, can disturb arc/current interruption mechanism by fluid dynamic and realize short electric arc high rate discharge and process; By selecting size, shape, number and the distribution thereof of flushing hole, can realize neatly and there is the liquid process of rushing by force that difference is rushed liquid effect, thereby the satisfied fluid dynamic with different scouring effects is disturbed arc/current interruption ability; In addition its flushing hole axis can be curve, in order to obtain for realizing the shaped electrode of side processing or hemi-closure space processing; In the strengthening realizing by laminar electrodes, rush liquid and disturb arc/current interruption ability except thering is fluid dynamic, also provide following three to realize the indispensable effect of its high rate discharge machining functions: one, efficient removal effect: surface of the work blows off for the liquid state in the pending surface of the work electric discharge molten bath that short arc discharge can be melted due to high-velocity fluid and gaseous metal, avoid again solidifying of a large amount of motlten metals, and then improved material removing rate; Its two, efficient chip removal effect: because high-velocity fluid can be taken away the metal fragment that high rate discharge produces, avoid causing frequent short circuit because a large amount of metal fragments are stranded in machining gap, guarantee that processing carries out continually and steadily; They are three years old, high efficiency and heat radiation effect: the amount of heat that short arc discharge produces can be taken away by the heat convection of strengthening by swiftly flowing working solution, avoid the metallographic structures such as the caused surface to be machined annealing of processed workpiece temperature rise to change, and degradation problem under the dimensional accuracy of bringing is out of shape in thermal expansion.Below with reference to accompanying drawing, the technique effect of design of the present invention, concrete structure and generation is described further, to understand fully object of the present invention, feature and effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 a is the stacked interior assembling schematic diagram that rushes a preferred embodiment of liquid shaped electrode of high rate discharge processing according to the present invention.
Fig. 1 b is the stacked interior schematic perspective view that rushes a preferred embodiment of liquid shaped electrode of high rate discharge processing according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 a is the stacked interior schematic diagram that rushes a part of another embodiment of liquid shaped electrode of high rate discharge processing according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 b is the stacked interior assembling schematic diagram that rushes an embodiment of liquid shaped electrode for high rate discharge processing according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 c is that flushing hole axis is the schematic perspective view of the porous laminar electrodes of curve
the specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1 a, 1 b, the present embodiment comprises: electrode contact 1, electrode lamination 2, pressing plate 3, fastening bolt 4, elastic sealing ring 5, rigidity baffle ring 6 and tighten up nut 7, wherein: 4 pairs of multiple-layer stacked electrode slices 2 of fastening bolt are fastenedly connected, between fastening bolt 4 and multiple-layer stacked electrode slice 2, have pressing plate 3 isolation, 2 processing of electrode lamination are held and are connected successively elastic sealing ring 5, rigidity baffle ring 6 and tighten up nut 7.Described tighten up nut 7 by with in electrode lamination 2 lower external thread, screw realize to elastic sealing ring 5 and to rigidity baffle ring 6 contact and with the compression of electrode lamination, the other end of electrode lamination 2 is threaded with electrode contact 1.
Described electrode lamination 2 is comprised of two kinds of different size electrode slices, wherein a kind of groove at side surface electrode length of a film 100mm, wide 60mm, thick 2.6mm, and both sides are respectively equipped with the semicircle groove that 10 and 11 equally distributed diameters are 2mm; Another kind of groove at side surface electrode length of a film 100mm, wide 60mm, thick 11.8mm, a side is provided with the semicircle groove that 10 equally distributed diameters are 2mm; After superposeing in certain sequence by 2 one-sided slotted electrode sheets and 14 both sides slotted electrode sheet through-thickness, form porous laminated battery cartridge, and at its end face, process the hemisphere face of 40mm, interlude upside is provided with along the through hole of the diameter 6mm of the thick direction of electrode lamination for the fixing porous laminated battery cartridge of fastening bolt 3, at the external screw thread that processes respectively the long M50 for 15mm apart from the upper and lower 7.5mm of this bolt hole axis place, to connect, tighten up nut and electrode contact, the square structure at interlude place screws porous laminated battery cartridge for spanner.
Described elastic sealing ring 5 is hollow annular structure, and its inside and outside outline diameter is 40mm and 55mm, to realize, the hole in non-machining area is carried out to end face seal.
Described rigidity baffle ring 6 is hollow annular structure, and its inner side outline diameter is 40mm, and its lateral profile is round boss structure, boss axis of great circle is 55mm, high 2mm, axis of small circle is 50mm, high 3mm, for contacting with tightening up nut, to realize the extruding to elastic sealing ring.
The described inside diameter of tightening up nut 7 is 55mm, at its openend, being provided with inside diameter is that the blocking surface of 50mm is to realize the axial limiting to rigidity baffle ring, in the relative side of openend, be provided with the female thread structure of M55 to connect porous laminated battery cartridge, describedly tighten up the outer-hexagonal shape structure that nut has length of side 34mm, so that spanner is to tightening up screwing of nut.
The inner side of described electrode contact 1 is provided with the hollow flushing hole of diameter 14mm to be pressed into working solution, realize and force reliably the interior liquid that rushes in process, one end, outside of electrode contact 1 is provided with M50 helicitic texture with connecting electrode lamination 2, the interlude of electrode contact 1 is the outer-hexagonal structure of length of side 34mm, be convenient to spanner to the screwing of electrode contact, the outside other end of electrode contact 1 is provided with the column interface of the external diameter 20mm matching with machine tool chief axis.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in Fig. 2 a, Fig. 2 b, Fig. 2 c, the present embodiment comprises: electrode contact 1, electrode lamination 2, pressing plate 3, fastening bolt 4 or fastening rivet 4, wherein: 4 pairs of multiple-layer stacked electrode laminations 2 of fastening bolt 4 or fastening rivet are fastenedly connected, and the non-processing end of electrode lamination 2 is threaded with electrode contact 1.
Described electrode lamination 2 is comprised of two kinds of different size electrode slices, wherein a kind of electrode length of a film 120mm, wide 65mm, thick 3.464mm, one side is provided with the semicircle groove that axis that 6 equally distributed diameters are 2mm is curve, and opposite side is provided with the semicircle groove that axis that 5 equally distributed diameters are 2mm is curve, another kind of electrode length of a film 120mm, wide 65mm, thick 16.144mm, a side is provided with the semicircle groove that axis that 6 diameters are 2mm is curve, after superposeing in certain sequence by 2 one-sided slotted electrode sheets and 8 both sides slotted electrode sheet through-thickness, form porous laminated battery cartridge, and process target profile at its end face, upper end is provided with the internal thread of M55 for connecting electrode joint 1, interlude upside is provided with along the through hole of the diameter 6mm of electrode slice thickness direction for the fixing porous laminated battery cartridge of fastening bolt 4, interlude downside is provided with along the through hole 8 of the diameter 2mm of electrode slice thickness direction and for fastening rivet, electrode slice is fixed, in case electrode slice is long, its lower end causes sealing to decline and leakage owing to rushing liquid effect.
The inner side of described electrode contact 1 is provided with the hollow hole of diameter 14mm to be pressed into working solution, realize the interior liquid that rushes that forces in process, one end, outside of electrode contact 1 is provided with M55 helicitic texture to connect laminar electrodes, the interlude of electrode contact is the outer-hexagonal structure of length of side 34mm, be convenient to spanner to the screwing of electrode contact, the outside other end of electrode contact 1 is provided with the column interface of the external diameter 20mm matching with machine tool chief axis.
Although be described being considered to preferred and typical embodiment of the present invention herein, those skilled in the art should should be readily appreciated that other distortion of the present invention by instruction herein.Therefore, desirable is to guarantee that all these modification all fall in true spirit of the present invention and scope in appended technical scheme.
More than describe preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail.The ordinary skill that should be appreciated that this area just can design according to the present invention be made many modifications and variations without creative work.Therefore, all technical staff in the art, all should be in the determined protection domain by claims under this invention's idea on the basis of existing technology by the available technical scheme of logical analysis, reasoning, or a limited experiment.

Claims (9)

1. the stacked interior liquid shaped electrode that rushes for high rate discharge processing, comprise electrode stack of laminations and electrode contact, it is characterized in that, described electrode stack of laminations is by a plurality of electrode slice stacks fastening forming, to form the processing of discharging of described shaped electrode, described electrode slice surface is provided with a plurality of grooves, thereby described electrode slice constructs a plurality of through holes between described shaped electrode by superposeing, described through hole is for being pressed into working solution to realize the interior liquid that rushes of forcing of process, described electrode contact comprises electrode lamination interface, working solution entrance and jig interface, described shaped electrode is connected with machine tool chief axis chuck by described electrode contact, and provide interior while rushing liquid working solution lead to the passage of each through hole described in described laminar electrodes group.
2. the stacked interior liquid shaped electrode that rushes for high rate discharge processing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the center line of the described groove on described electrode slice surface is straight line or curve, the described center line of described groove is from the interface end being connected with described electrode contact, and the processing end of extremely workpiece being processed finishes.
3. the stacked interior liquid shaped electrode that rushes for high rate discharge processing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described groove along the described electrode slice of axis direction can need have different section shape and sizes according to interior difference of rushing liquid, and the cross sectional shape of the described groove of wherein said electrode slice is selected from a kind of in following shape: polygon, circular arc and elliptic arc.
4. the stacked interior liquid shaped electrode that rushes for high rate discharge processing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, between the upper and lower surface of described electrode slice, have installing hole, the position of the described installing hole of adjacent described electrode slice and measure-alike, the described installing hole of a plurality of so described electrode slices that are stacked connects for through bolt or rivet, thereby combines described electrode slice is fastening.
5. the stacked interior liquid shaped electrode that rushes for high rate discharge processing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the final outline of described electrode slice is the successively profile of each layer after discretization of target shaped electrode, after a plurality of described electrode slices superpose in order, forms surface for described target shaped electrode profile.
6. the stacked interior liquid shaped electrode that rushes for high rate discharge processing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise elastic sealing ring, described elastic sealing ring is hollow annular structure, the head machining profile of its inner side profile and described shaped electrode matches, its lateral profile is circular, to realize the end face seal to the described through hole of non-machining area.
7. the stacked interior liquid shaped electrode that rushes for high rate discharge processing as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, also comprise rigidity baffle ring and tighten up nut, described rigidity baffle ring is hollow annular structure, the head machining profile of its inner side profile and described shaped electrode matches, its lateral profile is round boss structure, contacts, for realizing the extruding to described elastic sealing ring with the described nut that tightens up.
8. the stacked interior liquid shaped electrode that rushes for high rate discharge processing as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, the described inner side openend that tightens up nut is provided with blocking surface to realize the axial limiting to described rigidity baffle ring, in the relative side of described openend, be provided with the female thread structure that matches with the head of described shaped electrode to be connected the head of described shaped electrode, described in tighten up nut outside be hexgonal structure so that spanner tightens up screwing of nut to described.
9. the stacked interior liquid shaped electrode that rushes for high rate discharge processing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the inner side of described electrode contact is provided with hollow hole and enters for working solution, realize the interior liquid that rushes that forces in process, the outer upper end of described electrode contact is provided with the connecting interface matching with described machine tool chief axis.
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