CN104014878B - A kind of novel electric discharge processing loop and processing method realizing the processing of multiple spot electric discharge high-speed electric spark - Google Patents
A kind of novel electric discharge processing loop and processing method realizing the processing of multiple spot electric discharge high-speed electric spark Download PDFInfo
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- CN104014878B CN104014878B CN201410276283.2A CN201410276283A CN104014878B CN 104014878 B CN104014878 B CN 104014878B CN 201410276283 A CN201410276283 A CN 201410276283A CN 104014878 B CN104014878 B CN 104014878B
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
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Abstract
Realize novel electric discharge processing loop and the processing method of the processing of multiple spot electric discharge high-speed electric spark, belong to electric spark machining field.Solve traditional single electrode spark machined loop and method low to work pieces process efficiency, the problem that process velocity is slow.It comprises N number of electrode, the pulse power, N number of isolation capacitance C
1, building-out capacitor C
0, to electric capacity C, N number of electrode one end respectively with N number of isolation capacitance C
1one end connects, N number of isolation capacitance C
1the other end is connected with giving electric capacity C one end simultaneously, to the while of the electric capacity C other end with building-out capacitor C
0one end is connected with the positive pole of the pulse power, pulse power negative pole and building-out capacitor C
0after the other end connects, as workpiece to be processed electric signal input end simultaneously, mutually insulated between N number of electrode, N number of electrode and workpiece to be processed staggered relatively, and the vertical range between electrode and workpiece to be processed is d.For electric spark machining field.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electric spark machining field.
Background technology
Spark machined is that the instantaneous high-temperature utilizing the pulse feature spark discharge between workpiece and tool-electrode to produce makes workpiece material local melting and vaporization, thus reaches the object of ablation workpiece material.Spark machined belongs to noncontact processing, there is not significant machine cut power, can process the material of the unmanageable hard material of traditional diamond-making technique and complicated shape in process, and controls simple, and machining accuracy is high.These features of spark machined make it have a very wide range of applications in Making mold and microfabrication etc.
But it is low to there is working (machining) efficiency in electric discharge machining method, the shortcoming that process velocity is slow.Its main cause is because edm process has the discontinuity on Time and place on microcosmic.The method that the fuel factor utilizing electric discharge to produce as a kind of and carrying out is processed, spark machined utilizes the heat energy that between workpiece and tool-electrode, pulse feature spark discharge produces, workpiece and tool materials are removed because melting and gasification are eclipsed, and form electric discharge pit surperficial separately, by the successively ablation of continuous superposition formation to workpiece material of electric discharge pit.Under normal circumstances, each electric discharge only occurs in a bit, and working (finishing) area of no matter discharging is much, and each electric discharge only produces an electric discharge pit, and impulse discharge pit is extremely little compared with whole finished surface.And, in spark machined in order to the plasma discharge post that formed after ensureing contrasted between solid dielectric discharge breakdown can deionization to recover insulation, thus ensure the dispersion of point of discharge and the stable of discharge condition, must the pulse power be used in spark machined, only occur in each pulse period once to discharge.This illustrates from microcosmic spark machined is be interrupted, and discrete.Can process velocity be improved by the discharge energy increasing individual pulse, but this guiding discharge pit increase again, and surface roughness is deteriorated.Therefore, the method relying on increase discharge energy to improve process velocity is only applicable to roughing.Pulse power frequency is improved idle hours by shortening discharge pulse, thus discharge time also can improve electric spark erosion speed in the raising unit interval, if but discharge pulse is too short for idle hours, can not deionization completely by guiding discharge post, thus it is concentrated that electric discharge occurs, also there is limitation in the way therefore improving pulse power frequency.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be in order to solve traditional single electrode spark machined loop and method low to work pieces process efficiency, the problem that process velocity is slow, the invention provides a kind of novel electric discharge processing loop and the processing method that realize the processing of multiple spot electric discharge high-speed electric spark.
Realize a novel electric discharge processing loop for multiple spot electric discharge high-speed electric spark processing, it comprises N number of electrode, the pulse power, N number of isolation capacitance C
1, building-out capacitor C
0, to electric capacity C, one end of described N number of electrode respectively with N number of isolation capacitance C
1one end connect, N number of isolation capacitance C
1the other end is connected with giving one end of electric capacity C simultaneously, to the while of the other end of electric capacity C with building-out capacitor C
0one end be connected with the positive pole of the pulse power, the negative pole of the pulse power and building-out capacitor C
0the other end connect simultaneously after, as the electric signal input end of workpiece to be processed,
Mutually insulated between N number of electrode, N is positive integer, N number of electrode and workpiece to be processed staggered relatively, and the vertical range between electrode and workpiece to be processed is that the span of d, d is for being greater than 10 microns and being less than 100 microns.
Realize a novel electric discharge processing loop for multiple spot electric discharge high-speed electric spark processing, it also comprises N number of diode, the negative electrode of described N number of diode respectively with N number of isolation capacitance C
1one end connect, the anode of N number of diode simultaneously with building-out capacitor C
0the other end be connected with the negative pole of the pulse power, thus realize negative polarity processing.
Realize a novel electric discharge processing loop for multiple spot electric discharge high-speed electric spark processing, it also comprises N number of diode, the anode of described N number of diode respectively with N number of isolation capacitance C
1one end connect, the negative electrode of N number of diode simultaneously with building-out capacitor C
0the other end be connected with the negative pole of the pulse power, thus realize positive polarity processing.
Multiple discharging gap is charged to electric capacity C simultaneously, can realize each discharging gap occur within a pulse period positive polarity electric discharge and negative polarity discharge each once, and then the multiple spot realized in the individual pulse cycle discharges, and significantly improves working (machining) efficiency.
Building-out capacitor C
0effect be to improve the discharge energy of individual pulse, and effective inhibitory action is played to the gap voltage wave phenomenon caused because of electric discharge, thus processing speed is further improved.
By adopting multiple electrodes of mutually insulated, and workpiece to be processed with give the isolation capacitance C that to connect between electric capacity C
1, effectively can cut off the electrical communication between each electrode, thus the discharge process of each electrode can be made relatively independent, be coupled as interpolar charging by multi-layer capacity, thus form multiple parallel capacitively coupled discharge loop.By the method at each discharging gap two ends parallel diode, can bipolarity electric discharge be changed into unipolarity electric discharge, and, positive polarity multiple spot electric discharge processing can be realized respectively to discharge with negative polarity multiple spot by adjusting the direction of diode and process.
Adopt the processing method that a kind of novel electric discharge processing loop realizing the processing of multiple spot electric discharge high-speed electric spark realizes, the detailed process of the method is,
Step one, be fixedly connected with machine tool chief axis after clamping for N number of electrode, make the workpiece to be processed in the electric discharge end face of N number of electrode and work tank staggered relatively, and ensure that the electric discharge end face of N number of electrode and the distance of workpiece to be processed are d, the span of d is for being greater than 10 microns and being less than 100 microns
Step 2, the pulse voltage of predeterminated frequency is applied by the pulse power, make to be coupled as interpolar charging by multi-layer capacity between each electric capacity, thus form multiple parallel capacitively coupled discharge loop, ensure within a pulse period, between each electrode and workpiece to be processed, there is multiple discharge, and then complete the processing to workpiece to be processed.
Tradition RC formula pulse power structure is simple, but owing to not having deionization link, easily phenomenon of arc discharge occurs, and make burned work-surface, and then cause working (machining) efficiency to decline, crudy uniformity is poor.In order to solve this problem, in traditional RC formula pulse power, adding transistor, with transistor, manual control is carried out to discharge process, and then effectively reduce the generation of phenomenon of arc discharge.And the Novel electric discharge machining process giving electricity based on Capacitance Coupled principle that the inventive method adopts, mainly there is following technical advantage:
1, discharge energy regulates simple, and multiple spot discharge energy is homogeneous,
The method is characterised in that and utilizes Capacitance Coupled principle, by regulating to electric capacity C, just can realize the discharge energy of each discharge in parallel branch road.
2, guarantee that contrasted between solid dielectric recovers insulation, be conducive to multiple spot discharge stability
By adjustment loop parameter, effectively can ensure that a positive polarity electric discharge only occurred in the pulse period discharges with a negative polarity, fully ensures the electrode insulation medium recovery time, avoids the generation of phenomenon of arc discharge.
Utilize the lathe only with single main axle servo feeding and Backward Function, maintain discharging gap suitable between tool-electrode and workpiece to be processed by axis feeding.Tool-electrode adopts the copper electrode of φ 2mm, and workpiece to be processed adopts thickness to be the clearance gauge of 0.5mm, pulse power voltage E
0=100V, frequency f=1KHz, dutycycle is 60%, to electric capacity C=10 μ F, building-out capacitor C
0=1 μ F, segmentation electric capacity C
1=1 μ F under these process conditions, is 0.16mm by the processing speed of simple main shaft sunk type processing single hole
3/ min, the processing speed of processing diplopore is 0.28mm
3/ min, the processing speed of processing three holes is 0.38mm
3/ min; The processing speed of processing four holes is 0.44mm
3/ min; Namely increase along with feeder number object, process velocity constantly improves, process velocity during two electrode machining is 1.75 times of single electrode processing, and process velocity during three electrode machining is 2.38 times of single electrode processing, and process velocity during four electrode machining is unipolar 2.75 times.And under identical servo system and reference servo reference voltage, adopt traditional RC type to process loop carry out single hole and add the material removal rate in man-hour and be only 0.21mm
3/ min.
The beneficial effect that the present invention brings is, found through experiments: discharged by the multiple spot realized between multiple electrode and workpiece to be processed within a pulse period, the working (machining) efficiency apparently higher than traditional single electrode spark machined loop and method can be obtained in multi-electrode process; Further, after servo-control system is optimized, processing speed further will improve along with the increase of segmentation number of electrodes.
The present invention has huge advantage in array group hole machined, large surface forming processing, can also be undertaken interiorly rushing liquid by adopting group's hollow edged electrode of mutually insulated, internal-filling liquid just refers to when using hollow copper tubing as electrode, by passing into the working solution of certain pressure to hollow copper tubing, allow working solution take away the electric discharge chip of gap discharge generation in time, promote chip removal, make machining state good, thus raising process velocity, interpolar discharge state can be improved further, improve electric discharge working (machining) efficiency; By changing the length of the group act on sets of mutually insulated, making electric discharge processing end form definite shape, then can realize the High-speed machining with complex surface shape; In addition, the method can also improve the roughing of crudy minuteness milling further in conjunction with methods such as shake and translation processing.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of principle schematic realizing the novel electric discharge processing loop of multiple spot electric discharge high-speed electric spark processing of the present invention; Wherein Reference numeral 3 represents device to be processed;
Fig. 2 is the equivalent circuit diagram of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a kind of principle schematic realizing the novel electric discharge processing loop of multiple spot electric discharge high-speed electric spark processing described in detailed description of the invention two;
Fig. 4 is a kind of principle schematic realizing the novel electric discharge processing loop of multiple spot electric discharge high-speed electric spark processing described in detailed description of the invention three;
Fig. 5 is in detailed description of the invention one, when the value of N is 2, and the discharge waveform schematic diagram of electrode, in this oscillogram, each lattice scale of vertical direction represents 50V, and each lattice scale of horizontal direction represents 500 μ s;
Fig. 6 is in detailed description of the invention two, when the value of N is 2, and the discharge waveform schematic diagram of electrode, in this oscillogram, each lattice scale of vertical direction represents 50V, and each lattice scale of horizontal direction represents 500 μ s;
Fig. 7 is in detailed description of the invention three, and when the value of N is 2, the discharge waveform schematic diagram of electrode, in this oscillogram, each lattice scale of vertical direction represents 50V, and each lattice scale of horizontal direction represents 500 μ s.
Detailed description of the invention
Detailed description of the invention one: present embodiment is described see Fig. 1 and 2, a kind of novel electric discharge processing loop realizing the processing of multiple spot electric discharge high-speed electric spark described in present embodiment, it comprises N number of electrode 1, the pulse power 2, N number of isolation capacitance C
1, building-out capacitor C
0, to electric capacity C, one end of described N number of electrode 1 respectively with N number of isolation capacitance C
1one end connect, N number of isolation capacitance C
1the other end is connected with giving one end of electric capacity C simultaneously, to the while of the other end of electric capacity C with building-out capacitor C
0one end be connected with the positive pole of the pulse power 2, the negative pole of the pulse power 2 and building-out capacitor C
0the other end connect simultaneously after, as the electric signal input end of workpiece to be processed,
N number of electrode 1 mutually insulated, N is positive integer, and N number of electrode 1 is staggered relatively with workpiece to be processed, and the vertical range between electrode 1 and workpiece to be processed is that the span of d, d is for being greater than 10 microns and being less than 100 microns.
In present embodiment, each electrode 1 and each isolation capacitance C
1for series relationship, each electrode 1 is by isolation capacitance C
1being connected with giving electric capacity C one end, being connected with the pulse power 2 positive pole to the other end of electric capacity C; Building-out capacitor C
0between the positive pole being connected to the pulse power 2 and negative pole, be parallel relationship with each discharging gap;
When the value of N is 2, in present embodiment, the discharge waveform of electrode 1, this waveform duty cycle is 60%, specifically see Fig. 5, as can be seen from Figure 5, electrode 1 can realize positive polarity electric discharge, can realize again negative polarity electric discharge, therefore, bipolarity electric discharge processing can be carried out to workpiece to be processed in a kind of novel electric discharge processing loop realizing the processing of multiple spot electric discharge high-speed electric spark described in present embodiment.
Detailed description of the invention two: present embodiment is described see Fig. 3, a kind of described in present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one realizes the multiple spot difference that novel electric discharge that high-speed electric spark processes processes loop of discharging and is, it also comprises N number of diode D
1, described N number of diode D
1negative electrode respectively with N number of isolation capacitance C
1one end connect, N number of diode D
1anode simultaneously with building-out capacitor C
0the other end be connected with the negative pole of the pulse power 2.
In present embodiment, realize positive polarity processing by the mode of parallel diode;
When the value of N is 2, in present embodiment, the discharge waveform of electrode 1, this waveform duty cycle is 80%, specifically see Fig. 6, as can be seen from Figure 6, electrode 1 can realize negative polarity electric discharge, therefore, negative polarity electric discharge processing can be carried out by workpiece to be processed in a kind of novel electric discharge processing loop realizing the processing of multiple spot electric discharge high-speed electric spark described in present embodiment.
Detailed description of the invention three: present embodiment is described see Fig. 4, a kind of described in present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one realizes the multiple spot difference that novel electric discharge that high-speed electric spark processes processes loop of discharging and is, it also comprises N number of diode D
1, described N number of diode D
1anode respectively with N number of isolation capacitance C
1one end connect, N number of diode D
1negative electrode simultaneously with building-out capacitor C
0the other end be connected with the negative pole of the pulse power 2.
In present embodiment, realize positive polarity processing by the mode of parallel diode;
When the value of N is 2, in present embodiment, the discharge waveform of electrode 1, this waveform duty cycle is 50%, specifically see Fig. 7, as can be seen from Figure 7, electrode 1 can realize positive polarity electric discharge, therefore, positive pole polarity electric discharge processing can be carried out by workpiece to be processed in a kind of novel electric discharge processing loop realizing the processing of multiple spot electric discharge high-speed electric spark described in present embodiment.
Detailed description of the invention four: a kind of described in present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one realizes the multiple spot difference that novel electric discharge that high-speed electric spark processes processes loop of discharging and be, described N be greater than 3 and be less than 10 integer.
Detailed description of the invention five: adopt a kind of novel electric discharge processing loop realizing the processing of multiple spot electric discharge high-speed electric spark described in detailed description of the invention one, two or three to realize processing method, the detailed process of the method is,
Step one, be fixedly connected with machine tool chief axis after clamping for N number of electrode 1, make the workpiece to be processed in the electric discharge end face of N number of electrode 1 and work tank staggered relatively, and ensure that the electric discharge end face of N number of electrode 1 and the distance of workpiece to be processed are d, the span of d is for being greater than 10 microns and being less than 100 microns
Step 2, the pulse voltage of predeterminated frequency is applied by the pulse power 2, make to be coupled as interpolar charging by multi-layer capacity between each electric capacity, thus form multiple parallel capacitively coupled discharge loop, ensure within a pulse period, between each electrode 1 and workpiece to be processed, there is multiple discharge, and then complete the processing to workpiece to be processed.
Claims (5)
1. can realize a novel electric discharge processing loop for multiple spot electric discharge high-speed electric spark processing, it is characterized in that, it comprises N number of electrode (1), the pulse power (2), N number of isolation capacitance C
1, building-out capacitor C
0, to electric capacity C, one end of described N number of electrode (1) respectively with N number of isolation capacitance C
1one end connect, N number of isolation capacitance C
1the other end is connected with giving one end of electric capacity C simultaneously, to the while of the other end of electric capacity C with building-out capacitor C
0one end be connected with the positive pole of the pulse power (2), the negative pole of the pulse power (2) and building-out capacitor C
0the other end connect simultaneously after, as the electric signal input end of workpiece to be processed,
Mutually insulated between N number of electrode (1), N be greater than 1 positive integer, N number of electrode (1) is staggered relatively with workpiece to be processed, and the vertical range between electrode (1) and workpiece to be processed is that the span of d, d is for being greater than 10 microns and being less than 100 microns.
2. a kind of novel electric discharge processing loop realizing the processing of multiple spot electric discharge high-speed electric spark according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, it also comprises N number of diode (D
1), described N number of diode (D
1) negative electrode respectively with N number of isolation capacitance C
1one end connect, N number of diode (D
1) anode simultaneously with building-out capacitor C
0the other end be connected with the negative pole of the pulse power (2).
3. a kind of novel electric discharge processing loop realizing the processing of multiple spot electric discharge high-speed electric spark according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, it also comprises N number of diode (D
1), described N number of diode (D
1) anode respectively with N number of isolation capacitance C
1one end connect, N number of diode (D
1) negative electrode simultaneously with building-out capacitor C
0the other end be connected with the negative pole of the pulse power (2).
4. a kind of novel electric discharge processing loop realizing the processing of multiple spot electric discharge high-speed electric spark according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described N be greater than 3 and be less than 10 integer.
5. adopt the processing method that a kind of novel electric discharge processing loop realizing the processing of multiple spot electric discharge high-speed electric spark described in claim 1,2 or 3 realizes, it is characterized in that, the detailed process of the method is,
Step one, be fixedly connected with machine tool chief axis after clamping for N number of electrode (1), make the workpiece to be processed in the electric discharge end face of N number of electrode (1) and work tank staggered relatively, and ensure that the electric discharge end face of N number of electrode (1) and the distance of workpiece to be processed are d, the span of d is for being greater than 10 microns and being less than 100 microns
Step 2, the pulse voltage of predeterminated frequency is applied by the pulse power (2), make to be coupled as interpolar charging by multi-layer capacity between each electric capacity, thus form multiple parallel capacitively coupled discharge loop, ensure within a pulse period, between each electrode (1) and workpiece to be processed, there is multiple discharge, and then complete the processing to workpiece to be processed.
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| CN106956048B (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2019-07-02 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of timesharing subregion electrochemical machining method and device |
| CN107186297B (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2023-08-18 | 沈阳理工大学 | Precise electrode numerical control electric spark machining device and machining method |
| CN109465511A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2019-03-15 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of multistation Wire EDM timesharing pulse power synchronous processing method |
| CN113857598B (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2023-05-09 | 南京航空航天大学 | Multi-channel electric discharge machining device based on anti-electrolysis power supply and manufacturing method |
| CN113903498B (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2022-08-26 | 南京航空航天大学 | Multi-channel discharge machining electrode based on carbon fiber material and using method |
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| CN101817109A (en) * | 2009-02-27 | 2010-09-01 | 发那科株式会社 | Wedm |
| CN101829817A (en) * | 2010-01-28 | 2010-09-15 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for increasing machining speed of micro electron discharge machining by connecting diode with interelectrode in parallel |
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| US4441004A (en) * | 1980-06-12 | 1984-04-03 | Inoue-Japax Research Incorporated | Multiple pipe element electrode assembly EDM method and apparatus |
| JPH10202432A (en) * | 1997-01-27 | 1998-08-04 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Fine hole electric discharge machining method and its device |
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