CN102769189A - Horn and lens combined antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a horn and lens combined antenna which comprises a horn antenna and a flat metamaterial plate. The flat metamaterial plate is arranged in front of a horn antenna opening and is separated from the horn antenna by a certain distance, the diameter of the radial surface of the horn antenna opening is smaller than the length of the flat metamaterial plate, the flat metamaterial plate comprises a core layer, the core layer comprises one or a plurality of core metamaterial sheet layers, refractive indexes of each core metamaterial sheet layer are concentrically distributed around the center point of the core metamaterial sheet layer, and the refractive indexes of positions with the same radiuses are identical and are gradually reduced along with increase of the radiuses. The flat metamaterial plate is manufactured by a metamaterial principle, a lens in the shape of a curved surface in a traditional horn and lens combined antenna is replaced, and the horn and lens combined antenna has the advantages of good directivity, simple structure and convenience in carrying, transporting and storing.

Description

A kind of horn-lens antenna

Technical field

The present invention relates to communication technical field, relate in particular to a kind of horn-lens antenna.

Background technology

Antenna is that transmission and antenna are to transmit and receive electromagnetic window; Antenna is through particular design; Can be with the RF energy of transmitting terminal with electromagnetic mode effectively to aerial radiation, or the aerial electromagnetic wave energy of intercepting changes the useful radiofrequency signal of receiving terminal into.The size of antenna and shape are very important because these characteristics determined antenna from obtaining the ability of faint electromagnetic wave signal in the air.

Horn antenna is one of the most frequently used microwave antenna; It is the microwave antenna of open circle of a kind of waveguide terminal gradual change or square-section; Normally by a rectangle or columniform metal tube; One end sealing, the other end add that a taper shape or cone-shaped form, and it is widely used on the satellite antenna.

Horn antenna is because have no the resonance element, so can be operated in wider frequency, for example allows its 20GHz that runs to from 1GHz.The advantage of horn antenna is that loss is little, secondary lobe is little, the front and back ratio is high, and wave beam is sharp-pointed.But it is bigger that shortcoming is a volume, if with same relative aperture, its directivity is sharp-pointed not as good as parabolic antenna.

For solving the not good problem of its directivity, existing horn antenna side in face of its bore is provided with lens and forms the horn-lens antenna, makes electromagnetic wave signal be concentrated into narrow beam.Yet existing lens shape presents concavees lens or convex lens shape, and it is bulky, requirement on machining accuracy is higher, and cost is also corresponding higher, is not easy to transportation and storage.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, to the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art, proposes a kind of tabular and simple in structure that is shaped as, and is convenient to the horn-lens antenna that transports and store.

The technical scheme that the present invention solves its technical problem employing is to propose a kind of horn-lens antenna; It comprises horn antenna and is arranged at horn antenna bore side and the horn antenna ultra plate of material of flat board separated by a distance in front that horn antenna bore face diameter is less than the ultra plate of material length of flat board; The ultra material of said flat board comprises core layer; Said core layer comprises the ultra sheet of material of one or more layers core, and the refractive index on the ultra sheet of material of core is that the center of circle is the circular concentric distribution with its central point, and the refractive index at same radius place is identical; Along with radius increases, refractive index reduces gradually.

Further, the ultra material of said flat board also comprises first impedance matching layer and second impedance matching layer that is symmetricly set in the core layer both sides, and first impedance matching layer comprises the ultra sheet of material of ultra sheet of material to the N coupling of first coupling along the electromagnetic wave propagation direction; The minimum refractive index of the ultra sheet of material of said core is nmin, on the ultra sheet of material of core, is the center of circle with its central point, and radius is that the refractive index value at r place is n (r), and the refraction index profile of the ultra sheet of material of j coupling is in the ultra sheet of material of first to the N coupling: n _j(r)=n _Min+ α _j[n (r)-n _Min].

Further, n (r) satisfies following formula:

$n\left(r\right)=n_{\max }-\frac{1}{d}(\sqrt{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="r"\; filenames="HDA00001830876300011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}^2+{\mathrm{ss}}^2}-\mathrm{ss});$

$n_{\max }=n_{\min }+\frac{1}{d}(\sqrt{{\left(\frac{L}{2}\right)}^2+{\mathrm{ss}}^2}-\mathrm{ss});$

d=(2*(α ₁+α ₂+…+α _N)+MID)×A；

Wherein, MID representes the number of plies of the ultra sheet of material of core; A representes the identical thickness that is had of ultra sheet of material of each core and the ultra sheet of material of each coupling, and ss representes the vertical range of the ultra plate of material inner surface of horn antenna equivalent point spacing, and L representes the length of dull and stereotyped ultra plate of material.

Further, the ultra sheet of material of said core includes base material and the cycle is arranged in a plurality of artificial micro-structural on the base material with the ultra sheet of material of coupling.

Further, said artificial micro-structural is artificial metal micro structure, and said artificial metal's micro-structural topology pattern is isotropism.

Further; Said artificial metal's micro-structural is the plane flakes; It has first metal wire and second metal wire of vertically dividing equally each other, and said first metal wire is identical with the length of second metal wire, and the said first metal wire two ends are connected with two first metal branches of equal length; The said first metal wire two ends are connected on the mid point of two first metal branches; The said second metal wire two ends are connected with two second metal branches of equal length, and the said second metal wire two ends are connected on the mid point of two second metal branches, the equal in length of the said first metal branch and the second metal branch.

Further; Each the first metal branch of the alabastrine artificial metal's micro-structural in said plane and the two ends of each second metal branch also are connected with identical the 3rd metal branch, and the mid point of corresponding the 3rd metal branch links to each other with the end points of the first metal branch and the second metal branch respectively.

Further; First metal wire of the alabastrine metal micro structure in said plane and second metal wire are provided with two kinks, and the alabastrine metal micro structure in said plane winds and revolves the figure that turn 90 degrees with the axis of the second metal wire intersection point to any direction perpendicular to first metal wire and all overlap with former figure.

Further; Said a plurality of artificial metal's micro-structural is that the basic configuration differentiation obtains with plane flakes metal micro structure; Plane flakes metal micro structure comprises first metal wire and second metal wire of vertically dividing equally each other; Said first metal wire is identical with the length of second metal wire; The said first metal wire two ends are connected with two first metal branches of equal length, and the said first metal wire two ends are connected on the mid point of two first metal branches, and the said second metal wire two ends are connected with two second metal branches of equal length; The said second metal wire two ends are connected on the mid point of two second metal branches, the equal in length of the said first metal branch and the second metal branch; The differentiation mode is: (1) forms first metal wire and second metal wire from the square-shaped metal piece to its four limits growing metal, and first metal wire and second metal wire grow into maximum gradually; (2) first metal wires and second metal wire grow into after the maximum from the first metal wire two ends and grow respectively in the second metal wire two ends first metal branch and the second metal branch, the first metal branch and the second metal branch grow into maximum gradually.

Further, the ultra length of material of said flat board is 15 to 20 centimetres, and dull and stereotyped ultra material inner surface is 0.05 to 0.2 meter apart from the distance of horn antenna equivalence point source.

The present invention adopts the dull and stereotyped ultra plate of material of ultra material principle preparation; The lens that replaced the curve form in traditional horn-lens antenna; Adopt horn-lens antenna of the present invention to have good directionality, simple in structure, easy to carry, be convenient to the beneficial effect that transports and store.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the perspective view of the elementary cell of the ultra material of formation;

Fig. 2 is the refraction index profile sketch map of the ultra sheet of material of core;

Fig. 3 is applied to the structural representation on the horn antenna for the ultra sheet of material of core after the A-A direction is dissectd;

Fig. 4 is the topological pattern of the artificial micro-structural in one embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 5 is a kind of derived structure of topological pattern shown in Figure 4;

Fig. 6 is a kind of distressed structure of topological pattern shown in Figure 4;

Fig. 7 is the phase I that the topology of the alabastrine metal micro structure in plane develops;

Fig. 8 is the second stage that the topology of the alabastrine metal micro structure in plane develops.

Embodiment

Light, as electromagnetic a kind of, it is when passing glass; Because the wavelength of light is much larger than the size of atom; Therefore we can use the univers parameter of glass, and the details parameter of the atom of for example refractive index, rather than composition glass is described the response of glass to light.Accordingly, when research material was to other electromagnetic responses, any yardstick also can be used the univers parameter of material much smaller than the structure of electromagnetic wavelength to electromagnetic response in the material, and for example DIELECTRIC CONSTANTS and magnetic permeability μ describe.Thereby the structure through every of designing material makes all identical with magnetic permeability or different dielectric constant that makes material monolithic of the dielectric constant of material each point and magnetic permeability be certain rule and arranges; Magnetic permeability that rule is arranged and dielectric constant can make material that electromagnetic wave is had the response on the macroscopic view, for example converge electromagnetic wave, divergent electromagnetic ripple etc.Such has magnetic permeability that rule arranges and the material of dielectric constant is referred to as ultra material.

As shown in Figure 1, Fig. 1 is the perspective view of the elementary cell of the ultra material of formation.The elementary cell of ultra material comprises the base material 1 that artificial micro-structural 2 and this artificial micro-structural are adhered to.Artificial micro-structural can be artificial metal's micro-structural; Artificial metal's micro-structural has and can produce the plane or the three-dimensional topological structure of response to incident electromagnetic wave electric field and/or magnetic field, and the pattern and/or the size that change the artificial metal's micro-structural on each ultra material elementary cell can change the response of each ultra material elementary cell to incident electromagnetic wave.Preferably, also can be coated with cover layer 3 on the artificial micro-structural 2, cover layer 3, artificial micro-structural 2 and base material 1 constitute the elementary cell of ultra material.A plurality of ultra material elementary cells are arranged according to certain rules and can be made ultra material electromagnetic wave had the response of macroscopic view.Because ultra material monolithic needs have macroscopical electromagnetic response so each ultra material elementary cell need form continuous response to the response of incident electromagnetic wave to incident electromagnetic wave; This size that requires each ultra material elementary cell is preferably 1/10th of incident electromagnetic wave wavelength less than 1/5th of incident electromagnetic wave wavelength.During this section is described; The artificial material monolithic that will surpass is divided into a plurality of ultra material elementary cells; But it is convenient to know that this kind division methods is merely description; Ultra material can or assemble by a plurality of ultra material elementary cell splicings, also can artificial metal's micro-structural cycle is arranged on the base material and can constitute, and technology is simple and with low cost.Artificial metal's micro-structural that cycle arranges on each the ultra material elementary cell that promptly refers to above-mentioned artificial division can produce continuous electromagnetic response to incident electromagnetic wave.

The present invention promptly utilizes above-mentioned ultra material basic principle; The side is provided with the flat board ultra plate of material of length greater than horn antenna bore face diameter in face of the horn antenna bore, and the ultra plate of material of this flat board can converge the electromagnetic wave of horn antenna radiation the directivity with the improvement horn antenna.

Dull and stereotyped ultra plate of material comprises core layer, and said core layer comprises the ultra sheet of material of one or more layers core, and the refraction index profile sketch map of the ultra sheet of material of said core is as shown in Figure 2.Refraction index profile on the ultra sheet of material of core is: with its central point is that circle is the circular concentric distribution, and the refractive index at same radius place is identical, and along with the increase of radius, refractive index reduces gradually.

As shown in Figure 3, Fig. 3 is applied to the structural representation on the horn antenna for dull and stereotyped ultra material after the A-A direction is dissectd.In the present embodiment; Dull and stereotyped ultra material also comprises first impedance matching layer and second impedance matching layer that is symmetricly set in the core layer both sides; First impedance matching layer comprises the ultra sheet of material of ultra sheet of material to the N coupling of first coupling along the electromagnetic wave propagation direction; Second impedance matching layer and first impedance matching layer are symmetrical in the core layer setting, and promptly second impedance matching layer comprises the ultra sheet of material of ultra sheet of material to the first coupling of N coupling along the electromagnetic wave propagation direction.The minimum refractive index of the ultra sheet of material of core is n _Min, on the ultra sheet of material of core, be the center of circle with its central point, radius is that the refractive index value at r place is n (r).For reaching the impedance matching effect, the refraction index profile of the ultra sheet of material of j coupling is in the ultra sheet of material of first to the N coupling: n _j(r)=n _Min+ α _j[n (r)-n _Min].α _jBe the match parameter of the ultra sheet of material of first to the N coupling, α ₁<α ₂<<α _N

N (r) satisfies following formula:

$n\left(r\right)=n_{\max }-\frac{1}{d}(\sqrt{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="r"\; filenames="HDA00001830876300011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}^2+{\mathrm{ss}}^2}-\mathrm{ss});$

$n_{\max }=n_{\min }+\frac{1}{d}(\sqrt{{\left(\frac{L}{2}\right)}^2+{\mathrm{ss}}^2}-\mathrm{ss});$

d=(2*(α ₁+α ₂+…+α _N)+MID)×A；

Wherein, MID representes the number of plies of the ultra sheet of material of core; A representes the identical thickness that is had of ultra sheet of material of each core and the ultra sheet of material of each coupling, and ss representes the vertical range of the ultra plate of material inner surface of horn antenna equivalent point spacing, and L representes the length of dull and stereotyped ultra plate of material.

After obtaining the refraction index profile of ultra sheet of material of core and the ultra sheet of material of each coupling, need be on base material the cycle arrange artificial micro-structural to realize the refraction index profile of correspondence.

The refractive index value that the topology of different artificial micro-structurals and size are corresponding different can be chosen the topology and the size of the artificial micro-structural of every some correspondence through the mode of utilizing the extensive computing of computer from database.The artificial micro-structural of choosing need satisfy the requirement of each point refraction index profile value on the one hand, also need satisfy the minimum and maximum refractive index value requirement of ultra sheet of material of core and impedance matching layer on the other hand.

As shown in Figure 4 its is the topological pattern of the artificial micro-structural in one embodiment of the invention.This artificial micro-structural topological structure is for being isotropic plane snowflake type.Isotropism is meant along the micro-structural central point micro-structural is belonged on the plane in micro-structural, all overlaps with original pattern by the new pattern that obtains behind any direction half-twist.Adopt isotropic micro-structural ability simplified design, its electromagnetic wave to all directions of vertical micro structure place plane incident all has identical electromagnetic response, has good consistency.

The micro-structural of plane snowflake type has the first metal wire J1 and the second metal wire J2 that vertically divides equally each other; The said first metal wire J1 is identical with the length of the second metal wire J2; The said first metal wire J1 two ends are connected with two first F1 of metal branch of equal length; The said first metal wire J1 two ends are connected on the mid point of two first F1 of metal branch; The said second metal wire J2 two ends are connected with two second F2 of metal branch of equal length, and the said second metal wire J2 two ends are connected on the mid point of two second F2 of metal branch, the equal in length of said first F1 of metal branch and second F2 of metal branch.

Fig. 5 is a kind of derived structure of the alabastrine metal micro structure in plane shown in Figure 4.Its two ends at each first F1 of metal branch and each second F2 of metal branch all are connected with identical the 3rd F3 of metal branch, and the mid point of corresponding the 3rd F3 of metal branch links to each other with the end points of first F1 of metal branch and second F2 of metal branch respectively.The rest may be inferred, and the present invention can also derive the metal micro structure of other form.

Fig. 6 is a kind of distressed structure of the alabastrine metal micro structure in plane shown in Figure 4; The metal micro structure of this kind structure; The first metal wire J1 and the second metal wire J2 are not straight lines; But folding line, the first metal wire J1 and the second metal wire J2 are provided with two kink WZ, divide equally but the first metal wire J1 remains vertical with the second metal wire J2; Through be provided with kink towards with the relative position of kink on first metal wire and second metal wire, make metal micro structure shown in Figure 6 wind to revolve the figure that turn 90 degrees with the axis of the second metal wire intersection point to any direction all to overlap with former figure perpendicular to first metal wire.In addition, other distortion can also be arranged, for example, the first metal wire J1 and the second metal wire J2 all are provided with a plurality of kink WZ.

After obtaining the concrete topological pattern of micro-structural; Can obtain the refraction index profile of ultra sheet of material of core and the ultra sheet of material of coupling through the mode that micro-structural is proportionally dwindled, amplified; Also can be through being fundamental figure, to obtain ultra sheet of material of core and the refraction index profile of mating ultra sheet of material through developing the mode that obtains fundamental figure with a concrete micro structured pattern.

Below to introduce with the plane snowflake type in detail be fundamental figure, obtain ultra sheet of material of core and the concrete steps of mating ultra sheet of material refraction index profile through the differentiation mode:

(1) confirms the base material that adheres to of micro-structural.When ultra sheet of material also comprised cover layer, tectal material was identical with the base material material.The base material material can be chosen FR-4, F4B or PS material, no matter chooses which kind of material, all can confirm the refractive index value of base material.

(2) size of definite ultra material cell.The size of ultra material cell is obtained by the center frequency point of the electromagnetic wave frequency range that it responded, and utilizes this center frequency point to obtain its wavelength, gets less than numerical value of 1/5th of wavelength length C D and width KD as ultra material cell again.

(3) confirm the material and the topological structure of micro-structural.In the present embodiment, the material of micro-structural is a copper, and the topological structure of micro-structural is the alabastrine metal micro structure in plane shown in Figure 4, and its live width W is consistent everywhere; The topological structure here is meant the fundamental figure that topology develops.

(4) confirm the topology parameter of metal micro structure.As shown in Figure 4, in the present embodiment, the topology parameter of the alabastrine metal micro structure in plane comprises the live width W of metal micro structure, the length a of the first metal wire J1, the length b of first F1 of metal branch.

(5) confirm the differentiation restrictive condition of the topology of metal micro structure.In the present embodiment; The differentiation restrictive condition of the topology of metal micro structure has, the minimum spacing WL between the metal micro structure (promptly as shown in Figure 4, the long limit of metal micro structure and ultra material cell or the distance of broadside are WL/2); The live width W of metal micro structure, the size of ultra material cell; Because the processing technology restriction, WL generally should be more than or equal to 0.1mm, and same, live width W is greater than to equal 0.1mm.After the size of restriction live width and ultra material cell, the topology parameter of metal micro structure has only a and two variablees of b.The passing through like Fig. 7 of the topology of metal micro structure corresponding to a certain CF (for example 4GHZ), can obtain a continuous variations in refractive index scope to differentiation mode shown in Figure 8.

Particularly, the differentiation of the topology of said metal micro structure comprises two stages (fundamental figure that topology develops is a metal micro structure shown in Figure 4):

Phase I: according to developing restrictive condition, under the situation that the b value remains unchanged, a value is changed to maximum from minimum value, the metal micro structure in this evolution process is " ten " font (except when a gets minimum value).In the phase I, the differentiation of the topology of metal micro structure is as shown in Figure 7, and it is that the square JX1 of W is to its four limits growing metal and develop into maximum " ten " font topology JD1 gradually from the length of side.In the phase I, along with the differentiation of the topology of metal micro structure, the refractive index of the ultra material cell corresponding with it increases continuously.In the phase I, can confirm the minimum refractive index value on ultra sheet of material of core and the impedance matching layer, also promptly when the refractive index value of metal micro structure when to be shaped as the length of side be the square JX1 of W.

Second stage: according to developing restrictive condition, when a was increased to maximum, a remained unchanged; At this moment, b is increased continuously maximum from minimum value, the metal micro structure in this evolution process is the plane flakes.In second stage; The differentiation of the topology of metal micro structure is as shown in Figure 8; Promptly from four end points of " ten " font topology JD1 of maximum growing metal and develop into the maximum alabastrine topology JD2 in plane gradually respectively; The alabastrine topology JD2 in the plane of the maximum here is meant that the length b of first J1 of metal branch and second J2 of metal branch can not extend again, otherwise the first metal branch and the second metal branch will take place to intersect.In second stage, along with the differentiation of the topology of metal micro structure, the refractive index of the ultra material cell corresponding with it increases continuously.In second stage, can confirm the largest refractive index value of ultra sheet of material of core and impedance matching layer, also i.e. refractive index value when metal micro structure is shaped as maximum plane flakes topology JD2.

In the evolution process of above-mentioned phase I and second stage, the topological pattern that all need guarantee the micro-structural in the evolution process is isotropic topological pattern.

The variations in refractive index scope that obtains ultra material cell through above-mentioned differentiation need satisfy design demand.Do not satisfy design demand if above-mentioned differentiation obtains the variations in refractive index scope of ultra material cell, for example maximum is too little, then changes WL and W, and emulation again is up to obtaining the variations in refractive index scope that we need.

When test has the ultra sheet of material number of plies of different cores, the ultra sheet of material number of plies of coupling, the ultra length of material of flat board, the equivalent point spacing ultra material inner surface different distance of flat board and matees the different match parameter of ultra sheet of material when dull and stereotyped ultra material, the far field maximum of horn-lens antenna of the present invention, half-power point beamwidth and maximum sidelobe levels (the main lobe peak value subtracts the maximum secondary lobe between positive and negative 90 ° of the place ahead).Test result is following.

Test condition one: dull and stereotyped ultra length of material is 15 centimetres; First impedance matching layer and second impedance matching layer include the first ultra sheet of material of coupling and the ultra sheet of material of second coupling; Wherein the ultra sheet of material refraction index profile of first coupling is even; The refractive index minimum value that the ultra sheet of material refractive index of first coupling is the ultra sheet of material of core, the refractive index minimum value of the ultra sheet of material of core is 1.85; The match parameter of the ultra sheet of material of second coupling is 0.35.Test parameter such as table one during the dull and stereotyped ultra material inner surface different distance ss of different cores ultra sheet of material number of plies MID and equivalent point spacing:

Table one

In test condition once, the thickness of dull and stereotyped ultra material is 8.5 to 9.5 millimeters.

Test condition two: dull and stereotyped ultra length of material is 20 centimetres; First impedance matching layer and second impedance matching layer include the ultra sheet of material of first coupling, the second ultra sheet of material of coupling and the ultra sheet of material of the 3rd coupling; Wherein the ultra sheet of material refraction index profile of first coupling is even; The refractive index minimum value that the ultra sheet of material refractive index of first coupling is the ultra sheet of material of core, the refractive index minimum value of the ultra sheet of material of core is 1.85; The match parameter of the ultra sheet of material of second coupling is that the match parameter of the ultra sheet of material of 0.15, the three coupling is 0.45.Test parameter such as table two during the dull and stereotyped ultra material inner surface different distance ss of different cores ultra sheet of material number of plies MID and equivalent point spacing:

Table two

Test condition two times, the thickness of ultra material is 9 to 11 millimeters.

Can know that according to above test result under different ultra length of material, the different ultra sheet of material number of plies of coupling, different match parameter and different ss value, horn-lens antenna of the present invention all has the effect of improvement horn antenna directivity.When adopting first kind of test condition, dull and stereotyped ultra material thickness is the thinnest.When adopting second kind of test condition; The half-power point beamwidth can reach 6.7467 ° of the place aheads that concentrate on horn antenna bore face also can make the electromagnetic wave signal radiation time; Rather than disperse at the four sides; Strengthened the directivity of horn antenna greatly, and the lens of horn-lens antenna of the present invention adopt flat ultra plate of material to process, structure is more simple, easy to carry, be convenient to install and use.

Combine accompanying drawing that embodiments of the invention are described above; But the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, and above-mentioned embodiment only is schematically, rather than restrictive; Those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; Not breaking away under the scope situation that aim of the present invention and claim protect, also can make a lot of forms, these all belong within the protection of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. horn-lens antenna is characterized in that: comprise horn antenna and be arranged at side and the horn antenna ultra plate of material of flat board separated by a distance in face of the horn antenna bore, horn antenna bore face diameter is less than the ultra plate of material length of flat board; The ultra material of said flat board comprises core layer; Said core layer comprises the ultra sheet of material of one or more layers core, and the refractive index on the ultra sheet of material of core is that the center of circle is the circular concentric distribution with its central point, and the refractive index at same radius place is identical; Along with radius increases, refractive index reduces gradually.

2. horn-lens antenna as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that: the ultra material of said flat board also comprises first impedance matching layer and second impedance matching layer that is symmetricly set in the core layer both sides, and first impedance matching layer comprises the ultra sheet of material of ultra sheet of material to the N coupling of first coupling along the electromagnetic wave propagation direction; The minimum refractive index of the ultra sheet of material of said core is nmin, on the ultra sheet of material of core, is the center of circle with its central point, and radius is that the refractive index value at r place is n (r), and the refraction index profile of the ultra sheet of material of j coupling is in the ultra sheet of material of first to the N coupling: n _j(r)=n _Min+ α _j[n (r)-n _Min].

3. horn-lens antenna as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: n (r) satisfies following formula:

$n\left(r\right)=n_{\max }-\frac{1}{d}(\sqrt{r^2+{\mathrm{ss}}^2}-\mathrm{ss});$

$n_{\max }=n_{\min }+\frac{1}{d}(\sqrt{{\left(\frac{L}{2}\right)}^2+{\mathrm{ss}}^2}-\mathrm{ss});$

d=(2*(α ₁+α ₂+…+α _N)+MID)×A；

Wherein, MID representes the number of plies of the ultra sheet of material of core; A representes the identical thickness that is had of ultra sheet of material of each core and the ultra sheet of material of each coupling, and ss representes the vertical range of the ultra plate of material inner surface of horn antenna equivalent point spacing, and L representes the length of dull and stereotyped ultra plate of material.

4. like each described horn-lens antenna of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: the ultra sheet of material of said core includes base material with the ultra sheet of material of coupling and the cycle is arranged in a plurality of artificial micro-structural on the base material.

5. horn-lens antenna as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: said artificial micro-structural is artificial metal micro structure, and said artificial metal's micro-structural topology pattern is isotropism.

6. horn-lens antenna as claimed in claim 5; It is characterized in that: said artificial metal's micro-structural is the plane flakes; It has first metal wire and second metal wire of vertically dividing equally each other, and said first metal wire is identical with the length of second metal wire, and the said first metal wire two ends are connected with two first metal branches of equal length; The said first metal wire two ends are connected on the mid point of two first metal branches; The said second metal wire two ends are connected with two second metal branches of equal length, and the said second metal wire two ends are connected on the mid point of two second metal branches, the equal in length of the said first metal branch and the second metal branch.

7. horn-lens antenna as claimed in claim 6; It is characterized in that: each the first metal branch of the alabastrine artificial metal's micro-structural in said plane and the two ends of each second metal branch also are connected with identical the 3rd metal branch, and the mid point of corresponding the 3rd metal branch links to each other with the end points of the first metal branch and the second metal branch respectively.

8. horn-lens antenna as claimed in claim 6; It is characterized in that: first metal wire of the alabastrine metal micro structure in said plane and second metal wire are provided with two kinks, and the alabastrine metal micro structure in said plane winds and revolves the figure that turn 90 degrees with the axis of the second metal wire intersection point to any direction perpendicular to first metal wire and all overlap with former figure.

9. horn-lens antenna as claimed in claim 5; It is characterized in that: said a plurality of artificial metal's micro-structurals are that the basic configuration differentiation obtains with plane flakes metal micro structure; Plane flakes metal micro structure comprises first metal wire and second metal wire of vertically dividing equally each other; Said first metal wire is identical with the length of second metal wire; The said first metal wire two ends are connected with two first metal branches of equal length, and the said first metal wire two ends are connected on the mid point of two first metal branches, and the said second metal wire two ends are connected with two second metal branches of equal length; The said second metal wire two ends are connected on the mid point of two second metal branches, the equal in length of the said first metal branch and the second metal branch; The differentiation mode is: (1) forms first metal wire and second metal wire from the square-shaped metal piece to its four limits growing metal, and first metal wire and second metal wire grow into maximum gradually; (2) first metal wires and second metal wire grow into after the maximum from the first metal wire two ends and grow respectively in the second metal wire two ends first metal branch and the second metal branch, the first metal branch and the second metal branch grow into maximum gradually.

10. like each described horn-lens antenna of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: the ultra length of material of said flat board is 15 to 20 centimetres, and dull and stereotyped ultra material inner surface is 0.05 to 0.2 meter apart from the distance of horn antenna equivalence point source.

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