CN202231155U - Feedback type microwave antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a feedback type microwave antenna, comprising a radiation source, a first metamaterial panel for diffusing the electromagnetic waves emitted by the radiation source, and a second metamaterial panel which has an electromagnetic wave converging function and is used for converting the electromagnetic waves diffused by the first metamaterial panel into plane waves. According to the feedback type microwave antenna, the antenna is prepared by utilizing the metamaterial theory such that the antenna breaks away from the limitations of the normal lens shape, the concave lens shape and the paraboloid shape. The antenna disclosed by the utility model can be in a flat shape or in any other shape. The antenna has the advantages of smaller thickness and volume, convenient processing and manufacturing, low production cost and good gain effect.

Description

A kind of feedback type microwave antenna

Technical field

The utility model relates to field of antenna, more particularly, relates to a kind of feedback type microwave antenna.

Background technology

In the optics of routine, become plane wave after utilizing lens to make to be positioned at spherical wave that the point-source of light on the lens focus gives off through the lens refraction.Lens antenna is made up of lens and the radiator that is placed on the lens focus, the characteristic of utilizing lens to converge, and the electromagnetic wave that radiator is given off passes through the antenna of launching again after lens converge, and this antenna directivity is more intense.

Converging of lens is to rely on the refraction of the spherical shape of lens to realize at present, and as shown in Figure 1, the spherical wave that radiator 1000 sends converges the back through spherical lens 2000 and penetrates with plane wave.Utility model people is in implementing the utility model process, and find that there is following technical problem at least in lens antenna: the volume of sphere lens 1000 is big and heavy, is unfavorable for the use of miniaturization; Sphere lens 1000 has very big dependence for shape, needs relatively precisely could realize the direction propagation of antenna; Reflection of electromagnetic wave interference and loss ratio are more serious, and electromagnetic energy reduces.When electromagnetic wave passed through the interface of different medium, the partial reflection phenomenon can take place.Usually the big more reflection of electromagnetic parameter (dielectric constant or magnetic permeability) gap of both sides medium will be big more.Because the electromagnetic reflection of part, will corresponding loss along the electromagnetic energy of the direction of propagation, have a strong impact on the distance and the signal transmission quality of electromagnetic signal propagation.

The utility model content

The technical problem that the utility model will solve is, to the defective that above-mentioned reflection loss is big, electromagnetic energy reduces of prior art, provide that a kind of volume is less, before and after the antenna than good, gain is higher and the feedback type microwave antenna of long transmission distance.

The utility model solves the technical scheme that its technical problem adopted: propose a kind of feedback type microwave antenna, comprising: radiation source, be used for the electromagnetic wave of said radiation source emission disperse the first surpass material panel, have the electromagnetic wave aggregation feature and be used for said surpass the first that electromagnetic wave that material panel disperses out converts plane wave into the second surpass material panel; Saidly the first surpass a plurality of third parties that material panel comprises that first base material and cycle be arranged on said first base material and make metal micro structure; The said material panel that the second surpasses comprises core layer; Said core layer comprises a plurality of ultra sheet of material of core with identical refraction index profile, all rounded distribution of the refractive index of the ultra sheet of material of each core, and the circle centre position refractive index is maximum; Along with the increase of radius, refractive index is from n _pBe reduced to n continuously ₀And same radius place refractive index is identical; The ultra sheet of material of said core comprises that ultra sheet of material base material of core and cycle are arranged in a plurality of first artificial metal micro structure of the ultra sheet of material substrate surface of said core.

Further, the said material panel that the second surpasses also comprises the ultra sheet of material of ultra sheet of material to the N of first gradual change gradual change that is symmetricly set in said core layer both sides, and the ultra sheet of material of wherein symmetrically arranged two-layer N gradual change is all near said core layer; The all rounded distribution of the ultra sheet of material refractive index of each gradual change, the circle centre position refractive index is maximum, along with the increase of radius is reduced to n continuously from its largest refractive index ₀And same radius place refractive index is identical, and the largest refractive index of two adjacent ultra sheet of material of gradual change is expressed as n _iAnd n _I+1, n wherein ₀＜n _i＜n _I+1＜n _p, i is a positive integer, n _iLargest refractive index value corresponding to the said core layer of the distance ultra sheet of material of gradual change far away; The ultra sheet of material of said each gradual change comprises that ultra sheet of material base material of gradual change and cycle are arranged in a plurality of second artificial metal's micro-structurals of the ultra sheet of material substrate surface of said gradual change; The ultra sheet of material of whole gradual changes and whole ultra sheet of material of core have constituted the said functional layer that the second surpasses material panel.

Further, the said material panel that the second surpasses also comprises first matching layer to the M matching layer that is symmetricly set in said functional layer both sides, and wherein symmetrically arranged two-layer M matching layer is all near the ultra sheet of material of said first gradual change; Each matching layer refraction index profile is even; The said first matching layer refractive index near free space is substantially equal to the free space refractive index, is substantially equal to the ultra sheet of material minimum refractive index of said first gradual change n near the M matching layer refractive index of the ultra sheet of material of said first gradual change ₀

Further, ultra sheet of material of each gradual change and of the variation of the ultra sheet of material of all cores along with radius r, the refraction index profile relational expression is:

$n\left(r\right)=n_{\mathrm{mar}}-\frac{\sqrt{{\mathrm{ss}}^2+r^2}-\mathrm{ss}}{\sqrt{{\mathrm{ss}}^2+l^2}-\mathrm{ss}}*(n_{\max }-n_0)$

Wherein, n _MaxRepresent the largest refractive index value that each ultra sheet of material has, n ₀Represent the identical minimum refractive index value that each ultra sheet of material has, ss representes the vertical range of radiation source apart from the ultra sheet of material of first gradual change, and l representes the identical maximum radius value that each ultra sheet of material has.

Further, every layer of ultra sheet of material of core also comprises the cover layer that is covered on the said first artificial metal micro structure; The law of dimension that cycle is arranged in a plurality of said first artificial metal micro structure on the said base material is: the geometry of a plurality of said first artificial metal micro structures is identical; The rounded distribution on the ultra sheet of material base material of said core of the said first artificial metal micro structure; The first artificial metal micro structure size of circle centre position is maximum; Along with the increase of radius, the first artificial metal micro structure size of respective radii reduce and the first artificial metal micro structure at same radius place measure-alike.

Further, every layer of ultra sheet of material of gradual change also comprises the cover layer that is covered on said second artificial metal's micro-structural; The law of dimension that cycle is arranged in the said second artificial metal's micro-structural on the said base material is: the geometry of a plurality of said second artificial metal's micro-structurals is identical; The rounded distribution on the ultra sheet of material base material of said gradual change of said second artificial metal's micro-structural; Second artificial metal's microstructure size of circle centre position is maximum; Along with the increase of radius, second artificial metal's microstructure size of respective radii reduce and second artificial metal's microstructure size at same radius place identical.

Further, saidly the first surpass the rounded distribution of material panel refractive index, the refractive index of circle centre position is minimum and along with the increase of radius, the refractive index of respective radii increase and same radius place refractive index identical.

Further, the said material panel that the first surpasses is made up of the identical sheet of material that the first surpasses of a plurality of refraction index profile, and the said sheet of material that the first surpasses comprises that also being covered in said third party makes the cover layer on the micro-structural; A plurality of third parties make that micro-structural is made metal micro structure for the third party and geometry is identical; Said third party makes metal micro structure rounded distribution on said first base material; And it is minimum that the third party of circle centre position makes the metal micro structure size; Along with the increase of radius, the third party of respective radii make that the metal micro structure size increases and the third party at same radius place to make metal micro structure measure-alike.

Further, the said a plurality of first artificial metal micro structure, said a plurality of second artificial metal's micro-structurals are made metal structure with said a plurality of third parties and are had identical geometry.

Further, said geometry is " worker " font, comprises the first vertical metal branch and is positioned at the said first metal branch two ends and perpendicular to the second metal branch of the said first metal branch.

Further, said geometry also comprises and is positioned at the said second metal branch two ends and perpendicular to the 3rd metal branch of the said second metal branch.

Further, said geometry is the plane snowflake type, comprises orthogonal two first metal branches and is positioned at the said first metal branch two ends and perpendicular to the second metal branch of the said first metal branch.

Further; Said feedback type microwave antenna also comprises shell; Said shell and the said material panel that the second surpasses constitute closed cavity; The second surpass the shell wall inboard that material panel joins and also be attached with absorbing material with said, process by metal material or macromolecular material with the said relative shell wall of material panel that the second surpasses.

Implement the technical scheme of the utility model; Have following beneficial effect: the electromagnetic wave of radiation source being launched through the variations in refractive index that designs between reaching separately on ultra material panel core layer and the graded bedding converts plane wave into; Thereby improved the performance that converges of antenna, significantly reduced reflection loss, also just avoided the minimizing of electromagnetic energy; Strengthen transmission range, improved antenna performance.Further, the utility model also has the ultra material of dispersing function in the setting of radiation source leading portion, thereby improves the closely radiation scope of radiation source, makes the size that feedback type microwave antenna integral body can be littler.

Description of drawings

To combine accompanying drawing and embodiment that the utility model is described further below, in the accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is that the lens antenna of existing spherical shape converges electromagnetic sketch map;

Fig. 2 is the perspective view that constitutes the elementary cell of ultra material;

The structural representation of Fig. 3 the utility model feedback type microwave antenna;

Fig. 4 constitutes the structural representation that the first surpasses sheet of material that the first surpasses material panel in the utility model feedback type microwave antenna;

Fig. 5 is the perspective view that the second surpasses material panel in the utility model feedback type microwave antenna;

Fig. 6 can produce the geometry topological pattern of response with artificial metal's micro-structural of first preferred embodiments that changes ultra material elementary cell refractive index to electromagnetic wave;

Fig. 6 a is the pattern of deriving of artificial metal's micro-structural geometry topology pattern among Fig. 6;

Fig. 7 can produce the geometry topological pattern of response with artificial metal's micro-structural of second preferred embodiments that changes ultra material elementary cell refractive index to electromagnetic wave;

Fig. 7 a is the pattern of deriving of artificial metal's micro-structural geometry topology pattern among Fig. 7.

Embodiment

Light, as electromagnetic a kind of, it is when passing glass; Because the wavelength of light is much larger than the size of atom; Therefore we can use the univers parameter of glass, and the details parameter of the atom of for example refractive index, rather than composition glass is described the response of glass to light.Accordingly, when research material was to other electromagnetic responses, any yardstick also can be used the univers parameter of material much smaller than the structure of electromagnetic wavelength to electromagnetic response in the material, and for example DIELECTRIC CONSTANTS and magnetic permeability μ describe.Thereby the structure through every of designing material makes all identical with magnetic permeability or different dielectric constant that makes material monolithic of the dielectric constant of material each point and magnetic permeability be certain rule and arranges; Magnetic permeability that rule is arranged and dielectric constant can make material that electromagnetic wave is had the response on the macroscopic view, for example converge electromagnetic wave, divergent electromagnetic ripple etc.Such have magnetic permeability that rule arranges and dielectric constant material we be referred to as ultra material.

As shown in Figure 2, Fig. 2 is the perspective view of the elementary cell of the ultra material of formation.The elementary cell of ultra material comprises the base material 2 that artificial micro-structural 1 and this artificial micro-structural are adhered to.In the utility model; Artificial micro-structural is artificial metal micro structure; Artificial metal's micro-structural has and can produce the plane or the three-dimensional topological structure of response to incident electromagnetic wave electric field and/or magnetic field, and the pattern and/or the size that change the artificial metal's micro-structural on each ultra material elementary cell can change the response of each ultra material elementary cell to incident electromagnetic wave.A plurality of ultra material elementary cells are arranged according to certain rules and can be made ultra material electromagnetic wave had the response of macroscopic view.Because ultra material monolithic needs have macroscopical electromagnetic response so each ultra material elementary cell need form continuous response to the response of incident electromagnetic wave to incident electromagnetic wave; This requires each ultra material elementary cell to be of a size of 1/10th to 1/5th of incident electromagnetic wave, is preferably 1/10th of incident electromagnetic wave.During this section is described; The material monolithic that will surpass that we are artificial is divided into a plurality of ultra material elementary cells; But it is convenient to know that this kind division methods is merely description; Should not regard ultra material as by a plurality of ultra material elementary cells splicings or assemble, ultra material is that artificial metal's micro-structural cycle is arranged on the base material and can constitutes in the practical application, and technology is simple and with low cost.Cycle arranges and refers to that promptly the artificial metal's micro-structural on above-mentioned our artificial each ultra material elementary cell of dividing can produce continuous electromagnetic response to incident electromagnetic wave.

As shown in Figure 3, Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the utility model feedback type microwave antenna.Among Fig. 3, the utility model feedback type microwave antenna comprise radiation source 20, the first surpass material panel 30, the second surpass material panel 10 and shell 40, in the utility model, the wave frequency of radiation source 20 emission is that the 12.4G hertz is to the 18G hertz.The second surpass material panel 10 and constitute seal chamber with shell 40.Among Fig. 2, the sealing cavity is a cuboid, but in the practical application, because radiation source 20 sizes are less than the size that the second surpasses material panel 10, so mostly seal chamber is conical.With the second surpass the shell wall inboard that material panel 10 joins and be provided with absorbing material 50; Absorbing material 50 can be conventional microwave absorbing coating and also can be suction ripple sponge etc., the front and back ratio that radiation source 20 partial radiations are absorbed with enhance antenna by absorbing material 50 to the electromagnetic wave on the absorbing material 50.Simultaneously; Processed by metal or macromolecular material with the second surpassing material panel 10 relative shells, radiation source 20 partial radiations are reflected to the electromagnetic wave of metal or macromolecular material shell and the second surpass material panel 10 or the first surpass the front and back ratio of material panel 30 with further enhance antenna.Further; Also be provided with the antenna shield (not shown) apart from the second surpassing material panel 10 half-wave strong points; Antenna shield protection the second surpasses material panel and does not receive external environment influence, and the half-wavelength here is meant the half the of electromagnetic wavelength that radiation source 20 sends.

The first surpass on the radiation port that material panel 30 can directly be attached at radiation source 20; But; The electromagnetic wave of radiation source 20 radiation partly can the first be surpassed material panel 30 reflections and caused energy loss in the time of on the first surpassing the radiation port that material panel 30 directly is attached at radiation source 20; Therefore in the utility model, the first surpass material panel 30 and be fixed in radiation source 20 the place aheads through support 60.The first surpassing material panel 30 is made up of the identical sheet of material 300 that the first surpasses of multi-disc refraction index profile; As shown in Figure 4; Fig. 4 is the perspective view that the first surpasses sheet of material 300, and for clear the introduction the first surpasses sheet of material 300, Fig. 4 adopts the perspective view technique of painting; The first surpass a plurality of third parties that sheet of material 300 comprises that first base material 301 and cycle be arranged on first base material and make metal micro structure 302; Preferably, make a plurality of third parties and also to be coated with cover layer 303 on the metal micro structure 302 to make that the third party makes metal micro structure 302 packed, cover layer 303 equates with the first base material material 302 and thickness equates.In the utility model, the thickness of the cover layer 303 and first base material 302 is 0.4 millimeter, and the thickness of artificial metal's microstructured layers is 0.018 millimeter, and therefore the whole thickness that the first surpasses sheet of material is 0.818 millimeter.Can find out that from this numerical value the thickness of the ultra sheet of material that the utility model is all is compared conventional convex lens antenna has very big advantage.

It is still as shown in Figure 2 to constitute the elementary cell that the first surpasses sheet of material 300, but the first surpasses the function that sheet of material 300 need have the divergent electromagnetic ripple, and according to the electromagnetism principle, electromagnetic wave is to the big direction deviation of refractive index.Therefore, the variations in refractive index rule that the first surpasses on the sheet of material 300 is: the first surpass the rounded distribution of sheet of material 300 refractive indexes, the refractive index of circle centre position is minimum and along with the increase of radius, the refractive index of respective radii also increase and same radius place refractive index identical.The electromagnetic wave that sheet of material 300 makes radiation source 20 radiate that the first surpasses with such refraction index profile is dispersed, thereby improves the closely radiation scope of radiation source, makes the size that feedback type microwave antenna integral body can be littler.

More specifically, in the utility model, the refraction index profile rule that the first surpasses on the sheet of material 300 can be linear change, i.e. n _(R)=n _Min+ KR, K are constant, and R is that the third party of circular distribution makes the ultra material elementary cell central point that metal micro structure adheres to and the line distance of the first base material central point, n _MinIt is the refractive index value that the first base material central point is had.In addition, the refraction index profile rule that the first surpasses on the sheet of material 300 also can be square law variation, i.e. n _(R)=n _Min+ KR ²Or be that a cube rate variation is n _(R)=n _Min+ KR ³Or be dark function, i.e. n _(R)=n _Min* K ^RDeng.Can know by the above-mentioned variation formula that the first surpasses sheet of material 300, as long as the first surpass the electromagnetic wave that sheet of material 300 satisfies the divergent radiation source emission.

Describe the utility model feedback type microwave antenna below in detail and the second surpass material panel.The second surpassing material panel will converge the back and make the sphere electromagnetic wave of dispersing radiate with the plane electromagnetic wave that is more suitable for long-distance transmissions via the first surpassing electromagnetic wave that material panel disperses.As shown in Figure 5, Fig. 5 the second surpasses the perspective view of material panel for the utility model.Among Fig. 5, the second surpass material panel 10 and comprise core layer, this core layer is made up of the ultra sheet of material 11 of the identical core of a plurality of refraction index profile; The ultra sheet of material 101 of first gradual change that is symmetricly set in the core layer both sides is to the ultra sheet of material of N gradual change, and the ultra sheet of material of gradual change is the ultra sheet of material of first gradual change 101, the ultra sheet of material 102 of second gradual change and the ultra sheet of material 103 of the 3rd gradual change in the present embodiment; The ultra sheet of material of all gradual changes and all ultra sheet of material of core constitute the functional layer that the second surpasses material panel; First matching layer 111 that is symmetricly set in these functional layer both sides is to the M matching layer; Each matching layer refraction index profile evenly and near first matching layer, 111 refractive indexes of free space is substantially equal to the free space refractive index, is substantially equal to the refractive index of ultra sheet of material 101 minimums of this first gradual change near last one deck matching layer refractive index of the ultra sheet of material of first gradual change; Matching layer comprises first matching layer 111, second matching layer 112 and the 3rd matching layer 113 in the present embodiment.Ultra sheet of material of gradual change and matching layer all have and reduce electromagnetic reflection, and play the effect of impedance matching and phase compensation, so the ultra sheet of material of gradual change and matching layer are set is execution mode more preferably.

Matching layer structure and the first to surpass sheet of material similar; Constitute by cover layer and base material; With the first surpass the sheet of material difference and be; All be filled with air in the middle of cover layer and the base material, thereby make each matching layer have different refractive indexes with the spacing of base material with the duty ratio that changes air through changing cover layer.

The elementary cell that constitutes ultra sheet of material of core and the ultra sheet of material of gradual change is all as shown in Figure 2; And in the utility model; For simplifying manufacture craft; The ultra sheet of material of core and the dimensional structure of the ultra sheet of material of gradual change promptly constitute ultra sheet of material of each core and the ultra sheet of material of each gradual change by 0.4 millimeter cover layer, 0.4 millimeter base material and artificial metal's micro-structural of 0.018 millimeter with the first to surpass sheet of material identical.Simultaneously, in the utility model, constituting the ultra sheet of material of core, the ultra sheet of material of gradual change and the first artificial metal micro structure that the first surpasses sheet of material, second artificial metal's micro-structural and third party respectively, to make the geometry of metal micro structure all identical.

The all rounded distribution of refractive index on ultra sheet of material of core and the ultra sheet of material of gradual change, the refractive index of circle centre position is maximum, along with the refractive index of the increase respective radii of radius reduce and the refractive index at same radius place identical.Wherein the largest refractive index that has of the ultra sheet of material of core is n _p, the largest refractive index of two adjacent ultra sheet of material of gradual change is n _iAnd n _I+1, n _iCorresponding to the said core layer of the distance ultra sheet of material of gradual change far away, n _p, n ₀, n _i, n _I+1Satisfy relational expression n ₀＜n _i＜n _I+1＜n _pThe refraction index profile that has the ultra material elementary cell of same radius r on concrete each layer of the functional layer that is made up of ultra sheet of material of core and the ultra sheet of material of gradual change satisfies:

$n\left(r\right)=n_{\mathrm{mar}}-\frac{\sqrt{{\mathrm{ss}}^2+r^2}-\mathrm{ss}}{\sqrt{{\mathrm{ss}}^2+l^2}-\mathrm{ss}}*(n_{\max }-n_0)$

n _MaxRepresent the largest refractive index value that each ultra sheet of material has, n ₀Represent the identical minimum refractive index value that each ultra sheet of material has, ss representes the vertical range of radiation source apart from the ultra sheet of material of first gradual change, and l representes the identical maximum radius value that each ultra sheet of material has.

Discussed the overall refractive index distribution relation that the first surpasses material panel and the second surpass material panel above in detail, can have been known by ultra material principle, the size of artificial metal's micro-structural of adhering on the base material and pattern be the refractive index value of the ultra material each point of decision directly.Simultaneously, can know that when its size of artificial metal's micro-structural of same geometry was big more, corresponding ultra material elementary cell refractive index was big more according to experiment.In the utility model; For implementing conveniently; The a plurality of first artificial metal micro structure, a plurality of second artificial metal's micro-structural, a plurality of third party make metal micro structure and have identical geometry; Therefore constituting the third party on the sheet of material of the first surpassing who the first surpasses material panel makes the metal micro structure rule of arranging and be: a plurality of third parties make that micro-structural is made metal micro structure for the third party and geometry is identical; Said third party makes metal micro structure rounded distribution on said first base material; And it is minimum that the third party of circle centre position makes the metal micro structure size, along with the increase of radius, the third party of respective radii make that the metal micro structure size also increases and the third party at same radius place to make metal micro structure measure-alike.The rule of arranging of second artificial metal's micro-structural on the ultra sheet of material of gradual change is: the geometry of a plurality of second artificial metal's micro-structurals is identical; The rounded distribution on the ultra sheet of material base material of said gradual change of said second artificial metal's micro-structural; And second artificial metal's microstructure size of circle centre position is maximum; Along with the increase of radius, second artificial metal's microstructure size of respective radii reduce and second artificial metal's microstructure size at same radius place identical.The rule of arranging of the first artificial metal micro structure on the ultra sheet of material of core is: the geometry of a plurality of first artificial metal micro structures is identical; The rounded distribution on the ultra sheet of material base material of said core of the said first artificial metal micro structure; And the first artificial metal micro structure size of circle centre position is maximum; Along with the increase of radius, the first artificial metal micro structure size of respective radii reduce and the first artificial metal micro structure at same radius place measure-alike.

Satisfying the above-mentioned geometry that the first surpasses material panel and the second surpass artificial metal's micro-structural that the material panel refraction index profile requires has multiplely, but basically all be to produce the geometry that responds to incident electromagnetic wave.Because change comparatively difficulty of incident electromagnetic wave magnetic field, therefore present most artificial metal micro structures are can be to the geometry of incident electromagnetic wave electric field response, most typical being " worker " font artificial metal micro-structural.Describe several kinds of artificial metal's micro-structural geometries below in detail.The first surpass material panel and the second surpass on the material panel can be according to the size of the largest refractive index of its needs and minimum refractive index adjustment artificial metal micro-structural so that its meet the demands; The mode of adjustment can also can be through hand computation through Computer Simulation; Because it is not the utility model emphasis, therefore do not describe in detail.

As shown in Figure 6, Fig. 6 is for producing the geometry topological pattern of response with artificial metal's micro-structural of first preferred embodiments that changes ultra material elementary cell refractive index to electromagnetic wave.Among Fig. 6; Artificial metal's micro-structural is " worker " font; Comprise the first vertical metal branch 1021 and vertical respectively this first metal branch 1021 and be positioned at the second metal branch 1022 at the first metal branch two ends; Fig. 6 a is the pattern of deriving of artificial metal's micro-structural geometry topology pattern among Fig. 6, and it not only comprises the first metal branch 1021, the second metal branch 1022, and every second metal branch two ends also are vertically installed with the 3rd metal branch 1023.

Fig. 7 is for producing the geometry topological pattern of response with artificial metal's micro-structural of second preferred embodiments that changes ultra material elementary cell refractive index to electromagnetic wave.Among Fig. 7, artificial metal's micro-structural is the plane snowflake type, comprises that the orthogonal first metal branch 1021 ' and two first metal branch 1021 ' two ends all are vertically installed with the second metal branch 1022 '; Fig. 7 a is the pattern of deriving of artificial metal's micro-structural geometry topology pattern shown in Figure 7; It comprises that not only two first metal branches 1021 ', four 1022 ', four second metal branches of second metal branch two ends also are vertically installed with the 3rd metal branch 1023 '.Preferably, the first metal branch, 1021 ' equal in length and crossing perpendicular to mid point, the second metal branch, 1022 ' equal in length and mid point are positioned at the first metal branch end points, and the 3rd metal branch 1023 ' equal in length and mid point are positioned at the second metal branch end points; The artificial metal's micro-structural that is arranged so that of above-mentioned metal branch is isotropism, promptly under artificial metal's micro-structural in the plane any direction rotation artificial metal micro-structural can both overlap with former artificial metal micro structure for 90 °.Adopt isotropic artificial metal's micro-structural ability simplified design, reduce and disturb.

Combine accompanying drawing that the embodiment of the utility model is described above; But the utility model is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, and above-mentioned embodiment only is schematically, rather than restrictive; Those of ordinary skill in the art is under the enlightenment of the utility model; Not breaking away under the scope situation that the utility model aim and claim protect, also can make a lot of forms, these all belong within the protection of the utility model.

Claims (13)

1. feedback type microwave antenna; It is characterized in that, comprising: radiation source, be used for the electromagnetic wave of said radiation source emission disperse the first surpass material panel, have the electromagnetic wave aggregation feature and be used for said surpass the first that electromagnetic wave that material panel disperses out converts plane wave into the second surpass material panel; Saidly the first surpass a plurality of third parties that material panel comprises that first base material and cycle be arranged on said first base material and make metal micro structure; The said material panel that the second surpasses comprises core layer; Said core layer comprises a plurality of ultra sheet of material of core with identical refraction index profile, all rounded distribution of the refractive index of the ultra sheet of material of each core, and the circle centre position refractive index is maximum; Along with the increase of radius, refractive index is from n _pBe reduced to n continuously ₀And same radius place refractive index is identical; The ultra sheet of material of said core comprises that ultra sheet of material base material of core and cycle are arranged in a plurality of first artificial metal micro structure of the ultra sheet of material substrate surface of said core.

2. feedback type microwave antenna according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; The said material panel that the second surpasses also comprises the ultra sheet of material of ultra sheet of material to the N of first gradual change gradual change that is symmetricly set in said core layer both sides, and the ultra sheet of material of wherein symmetrically arranged two-layer N gradual change is all near said core layer; The all rounded distribution of the ultra sheet of material refractive index of each gradual change, the circle centre position refractive index is maximum, along with the increase of radius is reduced to n continuously from its largest refractive index ₀And same radius place refractive index is identical, and the largest refractive index of two adjacent ultra sheet of material of gradual change is expressed as n _iAnd n _I+1, n wherein ₀＜n _i＜n _I+1＜n _p, i is a positive integer, n _iLargest refractive index value corresponding to the said core layer of the distance ultra sheet of material of gradual change far away; The ultra sheet of material of said each gradual change comprises that ultra sheet of material base material of gradual change and cycle are arranged in a plurality of second artificial metal's micro-structurals of the ultra sheet of material substrate surface of said gradual change; The ultra sheet of material of whole gradual changes and whole ultra sheet of material of core have constituted the said functional layer that the second surpasses material panel.

3. feedback type microwave antenna according to claim 2; It is characterized in that; The said material panel that the second surpasses also comprises first matching layer to the M matching layer that is symmetricly set in said functional layer both sides, and wherein symmetrically arranged two-layer M matching layer is all near the ultra sheet of material of said first gradual change; Each matching layer refraction index profile is even; The said first matching layer refractive index near free space is substantially equal to the free space refractive index, is substantially equal to the ultra sheet of material minimum refractive index of said first gradual change n near the M matching layer refractive index of the ultra sheet of material of said first gradual change ₀

4. feedback type microwave antenna according to claim 2 is characterized in that, ultra sheet of material of each gradual change and of the variation of the ultra sheet of material of all cores along with radius r, and the refraction index profile relational expression is:

$n\left(r\right)=n_{\mathrm{mar}}-\frac{\sqrt{{\mathrm{ss}}^2+r^2}-\mathrm{ss}}{\sqrt{{\mathrm{ss}}^2+l^2}-\mathrm{ss}}*(n_{\max }-n_0)$

Wherein, n _MaxRepresent the largest refractive index value that each ultra sheet of material has, n ₀Represent the identical minimum refractive index value that each ultra sheet of material has, ss representes the vertical range of radiation source apart from the ultra sheet of material of first gradual change, and l representes the identical maximum radius value that each ultra sheet of material has.

5. feedback type microwave antenna according to claim 4 is characterized in that, every layer of ultra sheet of material of core also comprises the cover layer that is covered on the said first artificial metal micro structure; The law of dimension that cycle is arranged in a plurality of said first artificial metal micro structure on the said base material is: the geometry of a plurality of said first artificial metal micro structures is identical; The rounded distribution on the ultra sheet of material base material of said core of the said first artificial metal micro structure; The first artificial metal micro structure size of circle centre position is maximum; Along with the increase of radius, the first artificial metal micro structure size of respective radii reduce and the first artificial metal micro structure at same radius place measure-alike.

6. feedback type microwave antenna according to claim 4 is characterized in that, every layer of ultra sheet of material of gradual change also comprises the cover layer that is covered on said second artificial metal's micro-structural; The law of dimension that cycle is arranged in the said second artificial metal's micro-structural on the said base material is: the geometry of a plurality of said second artificial metal's micro-structurals is identical; The rounded distribution on the ultra sheet of material base material of said gradual change of said second artificial metal's micro-structural; Second artificial metal's microstructure size of circle centre position is maximum; Along with the increase of radius, second artificial metal's microstructure size of respective radii reduce and second artificial metal's microstructure size at same radius place identical.

7. feedback type microwave antenna according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Saidly the first surpass the rounded distribution of material panel refractive index, the refractive index of circle centre position is minimum and along with the increase of radius, the refractive index of respective radii increase and same radius place refractive index identical.

8. feedback type microwave antenna according to claim 7; It is characterized in that; The said material panel that the first surpasses is made up of the identical sheet of material that the first surpasses of a plurality of refraction index profile, and the said sheet of material that the first surpasses comprises that also being covered in said third party makes the cover layer on the micro-structural; A plurality of third parties make that micro-structural is made metal micro structure for the third party and geometry is identical; Said third party makes metal micro structure rounded distribution on said first base material; And it is minimum that the third party of circle centre position makes the metal micro structure size; Along with the increase of radius, the third party of respective radii make that the metal micro structure size increases and the third party at same radius place to make metal micro structure measure-alike.

9. feedback type microwave antenna according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the said a plurality of first artificial metal micro structure, said a plurality of second artificial metal's micro-structurals are made metal structure with said a plurality of third parties and had identical geometry.

10. feedback type microwave antenna according to claim 9; It is characterized in that; Said geometry is " worker " font, comprises the first vertical metal branch and is positioned at the said first metal branch two ends and perpendicular to the second metal branch of the said first metal branch.

11. ultra material according to claim 10 is characterized in that, said geometry also comprises and is positioned at the said second metal branch two ends and perpendicular to the 3rd metal branch of the said second metal branch.

12. ultra material according to claim 9; It is characterized in that; Said geometry is the plane snowflake type, comprises orthogonal two first metal branches and is positioned at the said first metal branch two ends and perpendicular to the second metal branch of the said first metal branch.

13. feedback type microwave antenna according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said feedback type microwave antenna also comprises shell; Said shell and said the second surpasses material panel and constitutes closed cavity, the second surpasses the shell wall inboard that material panel joins and also is attached with absorbing material with said, is processed by metal material or macromolecular material with the said relative shell wall of material panel that the second surpasses.

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