CN102480030B - Feed-forward type microwave antenna - Google Patents
Feed-forward type microwave antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN102480030B CN102480030B CN 201110210400 CN201110210400A CN102480030B CN 102480030 B CN102480030 B CN 102480030B CN 201110210400 CN201110210400 CN 201110210400 CN 201110210400 A CN201110210400 A CN 201110210400A CN 102480030 B CN102480030 B CN 102480030B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a feed-forward type microwave antenna, which comprises a radiation source, a first metamaterial panel, a second metamaterial panel and a reflection panel, wherein the first metamaterial panel and the second metamaterial panel are used for diffusing electromagnetic waves emitted by the radiation source; and the reflection panel is stuck at the back of the second metamaterial panel. After being diffused through the first metamaterial panel, the electromagnetic waves enter the second metamaterial panel to be refracted. After being reflected by the reflection panel, the electromagnetic waves enter the second metamaterial panel again to be refracted and finally exit in parallel. The antenna is manufactured by adopting a metamaterial principle; therefore, the antenna is free from limitation of the conventional shapes of a convex shape, a concave lens shape and a parabolic shape; by adopting the antenna disclosed by the invention, the shape of the antenna is planar or in any shape; furthermore, the antenna is thinner in thickness, smaller in volume and more convenient to process and manufacture; and the antenna has the benefits of being low in cost and good in gain effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of antenna, more particularly, relate to a kind of feed forward type microwave antenna.
Background technology
Existing feed forward type microwave antenna, usually radiation source parabolic by metal and that be positioned at the metal parabolic focus constitutes, and metal is paraboloidal to be act as and gives radiation source with the reflection of electromagnetic wave of outside or the reflection of electromagnetic wave of radiation source emission is gone out.The paraboloidal area of metal and the paraboloidal machining accuracy of metal directly determine the parameters of microwave antenna, for example gain, directivity etc.
But there is following shortcoming in existing feed forward type microwave antenna: the one, and partly can be stopped by radiation source from the electromagnetic wave of metal parabolic reflector and to cause the certain energy loss, the 2nd, the parabolic difficulty of making of metal, cost is higher.The metal parabola utilizes die casting and molding usually or adopts Digit Control Machine Tool to carry out method for processing.The technological process of first method comprises: make parabolic mould, casting parabola and carry out the installation of parabolic reflector.The technology more complicated, cost height, and paraboloidal shape will the more accurate direction propagation that could realize antenna, so to the requirement of machining accuracy also than higher.Second method adopts large-size numerical control machine to carry out paraboloidal processing, by edit routine, and path that cutter is walked in the control Digit Control Machine Tool, thus cut out required parabolic shape.This method cutting is very accurate, but makes relatively difficulty of this large-size numerical control machine, and cost is than higher.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, at the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art, provides that a kind of volume is less, with low cost, gain is higher and the feed forward type microwave antenna of long transmission distance.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: propose a kind of feed forward type microwave antenna, comprise: radiation source, be used for the first surpassing material panel, the second surpassing material panel and be attached at the described Reflector Panel that the second surpasses the material panel back what the electromagnetic wave of described radiation source emission was dispersed, electromagnetic wave entered the described material panel that the second surpasses and produces refraction and entered the described material panel that the second surpasses after the described Reflector Panel reflection again refraction and final parallel outgoing take place again through described the first surpassing after material panel is dispersed; The described material panel that the first surpasses comprises that first base material and cycle are arranged in a plurality of the 3rd artificial metal's micro-structurals on described first base material; The described material panel that the second surpasses comprises core layer, described core layer comprises a plurality of super sheet of material of core with identical refraction index profile, the super sheet of material of each core comprises a border circular areas and a plurality of annular regions concentric with described border circular areas, the refractive index excursion is identical in described border circular areas and the described annular region, all along with the increase of radius from n
pBe reduced to n continuously
0And the refractive index at same radius place is identical; The super sheet of material of described core comprises that the super sheet of material base material of core and cycle are arranged in a plurality of first artificial metal micro structure of the super sheet of material substrate surface of described core.
Further, the described material panel that the second surpasses also comprises the super sheet of material of super sheet of material to the N of first gradual change gradual change that is symmetricly set in described core layer both sides, and wherein the super sheet of material of symmetrically arranged two-layer N gradual change is all near described core layer; The super sheet of material of each gradual change includes a border circular areas and a plurality of annular regions concentric with described border circular areas, and the variations in refractive index scope in the described border circular areas of the super sheet of material correspondence of each gradual change and the described annular region is all identical and along with the increase of radius is reduced to n continuously from its largest refractive index
0, the refractive index at same radius place is identical, and the largest refractive index of two adjacent super sheet of material of gradual change is expressed as n
iAnd n
I+1, n wherein
0＜n
i＜n
I+1＜n
p, i is positive integer, n
iLargest refractive index value corresponding to the described core layer of the distance super sheet of material of gradual change far away; The super sheet of material of described each gradual change comprises that the super sheet of material base material of gradual change and cycle are arranged in a plurality of second artificial metal's micro-structurals of the super sheet of material substrate surface of described gradual change; The super sheet of material of whole gradual changes and whole super sheet of material of core have constituted the described functional layer that the second surpasses material panel.
Further, the described material panel that the second surpasses also comprises first matching layer to the M matching layer that is symmetricly set in described functional layer both sides, and wherein symmetrically arranged two-layer M matching layer is all near the super sheet of material of described first gradual change; Each matching layer refraction index profile is even, the described first matching layer refractive index near free space is substantially equal to the free space refractive index, and the M matching layer refractive index of the close super sheet of material of described first gradual change is substantially equal to the super sheet of material minimum refractive index of described first gradual change n
0
Further, the border circular areas that is divided on the super sheet of material of all gradual changes and the super sheet of material of all cores and with the start radius of the concentric annular region of border circular areas with stop radius and all equate; The super sheet of material of each gradual change and the super sheet of material of all cores are along with the variation of radius r, and the refraction index profile relational expression is:
Wherein, the i value of the super sheet of material correspondence of super sheet of material to the N of first gradual change gradual change is numerical value one to N, and the i value of the super sheet of material correspondence of all cores is N+1, and s is that described radiation source is apart from the vertical range of the super sheet of material of described first gradual change; D is the gross thickness that the super sheet of material of super sheet of material to the N of first gradual change gradual change and all super sheet of material of core have,
Wherein λ is the described operation wavelength that the second surpasses material panel; Border circular areas on L (j) the expression super sheet of material of core and the super sheet of material of gradual change and with the start radius value of the concentric a plurality of annular regions of described border circular areas, which zone j represents, L (1) expression first area wherein, i.e. described border circular areas, L (1)=0.
Further, the super sheet of material of described core is three layers, and every layer of super sheet of material of core also comprises the cover layer that is covered on the described first artificial metal micro structure; The law of dimension that cycle is arranged in a plurality of described first artificial metal micro structure on the described base material is: the geometry of a plurality of described first artificial metal micro structures is identical, described base material comprises border circular areas and a plurality of annular regions concentric with described border circular areas, described border circular areas is identical with the first artificial metal micro structure change in size scope in the described annular region, all along with the increase of radius is measure-alike from the first artificial metal micro structure that full-size is reduced to minimum dimension and same radius continuously.
Further, described core layer bilateral symmetry is provided with the super sheet of material of super sheet of material to the three gradual changes of first gradual change, and every layer of super sheet of material of gradual change also comprises the cover layer that is covered on described second artificial metal's micro-structural; The law of dimension that cycle is arranged in the described second artificial metal's micro-structural on the described base material is: the geometry of a plurality of described second artificial metal's micro-structurals is identical, described base material comprises border circular areas and a plurality of annular regions concentric with described border circular areas, described border circular areas is identical with second artificial metal's microstructure size excursion in the described annular region, all along with the increase of radius is identical from second artificial metal's microstructure size that full-size is reduced to minimum dimension and same radius continuously.
Further, describedly the first surpass the rounded distribution of material panel refractive index, the refractive index of circle centre position is minimum and along with the increase of radius, the refractive index of respective radius also increase and same radius place refractive index identical.
Further, the described material panel that the first surpasses is made of the identical sheet of material that the first surpasses of a plurality of refraction index profile, and the described sheet of material that the first surpasses also comprises the cover layer that is covered on the described the 3rd artificial micro-structural; The a plurality of the 3rd artificial micro-structural is that the 3rd artificial metal's micro-structural and geometry are identical, the rounded distribution on described first base material of described the 3rd artificial metal's micro-structural, and the 3rd artificial metal's microstructure size minimum of circle centre position, along with the increase of radius, the 3rd artificial metal's microstructure size of respective radius also increase and the 3rd artificial metal's microstructure size at same radius place identical.
Further, the described a plurality of first artificial metal micro structure, described a plurality of second artificial metal's micro-structurals and described a plurality of the 3rd artificial metal's structures have identical geometry.
Further, described geometry is " worker " font, comprises the first vertical metal branch and is positioned at the described first metal branch two ends and perpendicular to the second metal branch of the described first metal branch.
Further, described geometry also comprises and is positioned at the described second metal branch two ends and perpendicular to the 3rd metal branch of the described second metal branch.
Further, described geometry is the plane snowflake type, comprises orthogonal two first metal branches and is positioned at the described first metal branch two ends and perpendicular to the second metal branch of the described first metal branch.
Implement technical scheme of the present invention, have following beneficial effect: by design on super material panel core layer and the graded bedding and separately between variations in refractive index the electromagnetic wave of radiation source emission is converted to plane wave after through twice refraction, thereby improved the performance that converges of antenna, significantly reduced reflection loss, also just avoided the minimizing of electromagnetic energy, strengthen transmission range, improved antenna performance.Further, the present invention also has the super material of dispersing function in the setting of radiation source front end, thereby improve the closely radiation scope of radiation source, make size that microwave antenna integral body can be littler and make the electromagnetic wave that is reflected by core layer walk around radiation source and can not produce the radiation source shade, cause energy loss.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, in the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the perspective view that constitutes the elementary cell of super material;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of feed forward type microwave antenna of the present invention;
Fig. 3 constitutes the structural representation that the first surpasses sheet of material that the first surpasses material panel in the feed forward type microwave antenna of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the perspective view that the second surpasses material panel in the feed forward type microwave antenna of the present invention;
Fig. 5 the second surpasses on the material panel core layer with the refraction index profile schematic diagram of radius change in the feed forward type microwave antenna of the present invention;
Fig. 6 can produce response with the topological pattern of geometry of artificial metal's micro-structural of first preferred embodiments that changes super material elementary cell refractive index to electromagnetic wave;
Fig. 6 a is the pattern of deriving of artificial metal's micro-structural geometry topology pattern among Fig. 6;
Fig. 7 can produce response with the topological pattern of geometry of artificial metal's micro-structural of second preferred embodiments that changes super material elementary cell refractive index to electromagnetic wave;
Fig. 7 a is the pattern of deriving of artificial metal's micro-structural geometry topology pattern among Fig. 7.
Embodiment
Light, as electromagnetic a kind of, it is when passing glass, because the wavelength of light is much larger than the size of atom, therefore we can use the univers parameter of glass, and the details parameter of the atom of for example refractive index, rather than composition glass is described glass to the response of light.Accordingly, when research material was to other electromagnetic responses, any yardstick also can be with the univers parameter of material to electromagnetic response much smaller than the structure of electromagnetic wavelength in the material, and for example DIELECTRIC CONSTANT and magnetic permeability μ describe.The structure by every of designing material makes that all thereby the identical or different dielectric constant that makes material monolithic and magnetic permeability are certain rule and arrange for dielectric constant and the magnetic permeability of material each point, the magnetic permeability that rule is arranged and dielectric constant can make material that electromagnetic wave is had response on the macroscopic view, for example converge electromagnetic wave, divergent electromagnetic ripple etc.Such have magnetic permeability that rule arranges and dielectric constant material we be referred to as super material.
As shown in Figure 1, Fig. 1 is the perspective view of the elementary cell of the super material of formation.The elementary cell of super material comprises the base material 2 that artificial micro-structural 1 and this artificial micro-structural are adhered to.Among the present invention, artificial micro-structural is artificial metal micro structure, artificial metal's micro-structural has and can produce plane or the three-dimensional topological structure of response to incident electromagnetic wave electric field and/or magnetic field, and the pattern and/or the size that change the artificial metal's micro-structural on each super material elementary cell can change each super material elementary cell to the response of incident electromagnetic wave.A plurality of super material elementary cells are arranged according to certain rules and can be made super material electromagnetic wave be had the response of macroscopic view.Because super material monolithic needs have macroscopical electromagnetic response so each super material elementary cell need form continuous response to the response of incident electromagnetic wave to incident electromagnetic wave, this requires each super material elementary cell to be of a size of 1/10th to 1/5th of incident electromagnetic wave, is preferably 1/10th of incident electromagnetic wave.During this section is described, the material monolithic that will surpass that we are artificial is divided into a plurality of super material elementary cells, but should know that this kind division methods only for convenience of description, should not regard super material as by a plurality of super material elementary cells splicings or assemble, super material is that artificial metal's micro-structural cycle is arranged on the base material and can constitutes in the practical application, and technology is simple and with low cost.Cycle arranges and refers to that namely the artificial metal's micro-structural on above-mentioned our artificial each super material elementary cell of dividing can produce continuous electromagnetic response to incident electromagnetic wave.
As shown in Figure 2, Fig. 2 is the structural representation of feed forward type microwave antenna of the present invention.Among Fig. 2, feed forward type microwave antenna of the present invention comprise radiation source 20, the first surpass material panel 30, the second surpass material panel 10 and be positioned at the Reflector Panel 40 that the second surpasses material panel 10 backs.Among the present invention, the wave frequency of radiation source 20 emissions is that the 12.4G hertz is to the 18G hertz.
The first surpass on the radiation port that material panel 30 can directly be attached at radiation source 20, but, the electromagnetic wave of radiation source 20 radiation partly can the first be surpassed material panel 30 reflections and caused energy loss in the time of on the first surpassing the radiation port that material panel 30 directly is attached at radiation source 20, therefore among the present invention, the first surpass material panel 30 and be arranged at radiation source 20 the place aheads.The first surpassing material panel 30 is made of the identical sheet of material 300 that the first surpasses of multi-disc refraction index profile, as shown in Figure 3, Fig. 3 is the perspective view that the first surpasses sheet of material 300, for clear the introduction the first surpasses sheet of material 300, Fig. 3 adopts the perspective view technique of painting, the first surpass sheet of material 300 and comprise that first base material 301 and cycle are arranged in a plurality of the 3rd artificial metal's micro-structurals 302 on first base material, preferably, also be coated with cover layer 303 and make that the 3rd artificial metal's micro-structural 302 is packed on a plurality of the 3rd artificial metal's micro-structurals 302, cover layer 303 equates with the first base material material 302 and thickness equates.Among the present invention, the thickness of cover layer 303 and first base material 302 is 0.4 millimeter, and the thickness of artificial metal's microstructured layers is 0.018 millimeter, and therefore the whole thickness that the first surpasses sheet of material is 0.818 millimeter.
Constitute the first surpass sheet of material 300 elementary cell still as shown in Figure 1, but the first surpass the function that sheet of material 300 need have the divergent electromagnetic ripple, according to the electromagnetism principle, electromagnetic wave is to the big direction deviation of refractive index.Therefore, the variations in refractive index rule that the first surpasses on the sheet of material 300 is: the first surpass the rounded distribution of sheet of material 300 refractive indexes, the refractive index of circle centre position is minimum and along with the increase of radius, the refractive index of respective radius also increase and same radius place refractive index identical.The electromagnetic wave that sheet of material 300 makes radiation source 20 radiate that the first surpasses with such refraction index profile is dispersed, thereby improve the closely radiation scope of radiation source, make the size that microwave antenna integral body can be littler, and the electromagnetic wave that can make the face of being reflected reflect is not blocked by radiation source.
More specifically, among the present invention, the refraction index profile rule that the first surpasses on the sheet of material 300 can be linear change, i.e. n
(R)=n
Min+ KR, K are constant, and R is the super material elementary cell central point that adheres to of the 3rd artificial metal's micro-structural of circular distribution and the line distance of the first base material central point, n
MinIt is the refractive index value that the first base material central point has.In addition, the refraction index profile rule that the first surpasses on the sheet of material 300 also can be square law variation, i.e. n
(R)=n
Min+ KR
2Or be that a cube rate variation is n
(R)=n
Min+ KR
3Or be dark function, i.e. n
(R)=n
Min* K
RDeng.By the above-mentioned variation formula that the first surpasses sheet of material 300 as can be known, as long as the first surpass the electromagnetic wave that sheet of material 300 satisfies the divergent radiation source emission.
Describe microwave antenna of the present invention below in detail and the second surpass material panel.The first surpassed electromagnetic wave that material panel disperses and enter and refraction takes place and the panel reflection that is reflected after the second surpassing material panel, the electromagnetic wave of reflection enters again and the second surpasses material panel and reflect the back again and make the sphere electromagnetic wave of dispersing radiate with the plane electromagnetic wave that is more suitable for long-distance transmissions.As shown in Figure 4, Fig. 4 the second surpasses the perspective view of material panel and Reflector Panel for the present invention.Among Fig. 4, the second surpass material panel 10 and comprise core layer, this core layer is made of the super sheet of material 11 of the identical core of a plurality of refraction index profile; Be arranged at the super sheet of material 101 of first gradual change of core layer front side to the super sheet of material of N gradual change, the super sheet of material of gradual change is the super sheet of material 101 of first gradual change, the super sheet of material 102 of second gradual change and the super sheet of material 103 of the 3rd gradual change in the present embodiment; Be arranged at first matching layer 111 of the super sheet of material of first gradual change 101 front sides to the M matching layer, first matching layer, 111 refractive indexes of the even and close free space of each matching layer refraction index profile are substantially equal to the free space refractive index, are substantially equal to the refractive index of super sheet of material 101 minimums of this first gradual change near last one deck matching layer refractive index of the super sheet of material of first gradual change; Matching layer comprises first matching layer 111, second matching layer 112 and the 3rd matching layer 113 in the present embodiment.The super sheet of material of gradual change and matching layer all have and reduce electromagnetic reflection, and play the effect of impedance matching and phase compensation, therefore the super sheet of material of gradual change and matching layer are set are more preferably execution mode.
Matching layer structure and the first to surpass sheet of material similar, constituted by cover layer and base material, with the first surpass the sheet of material difference and be, all be filled with air in the middle of cover layer and the base material, thereby make each matching layer have different refractive index with the spacing of base material with the duty ratio that changes air by changing cover layer.
Constitute the elementary cell of the super sheet of material of core and the super sheet of material of gradual change all as shown in Figure 1, and among the present invention, for simplifying manufacture craft, the super sheet of material of core and the dimensional structure of the super sheet of material of gradual change namely constitute the super sheet of material of each core and the super sheet of material of each gradual change by 0.4 millimeter cover layer, 0.4 millimeter base material and artificial metal's micro-structural of 0.018 millimeter with the first to surpass sheet of material identical.Simultaneously, among the present invention, the geometry that constitutes the super sheet of material of core, the super sheet of material of gradual change and the first artificial metal micro structure that the first surpasses sheet of material, second artificial metal's micro-structural and the 3rd artificial metal's micro-structural respectively is all identical.
The super sheet of material of core and the super sheet of material of gradual change all are divided into a border circular areas and a plurality of annular regions concentric with described border circular areas, and the refractive index in border circular areas and the annular region is all along with the increase of radius is reduced to n continuously from the largest refractive index that each lamella has
0, the refractive index value of super material elementary cell that is in same radius is identical.Wherein the largest refractive index that has of the super sheet of material of core is n
p, the largest refractive index of two adjacent super sheet of material of gradual change is n
iAnd n
I+1, n
iCorresponding to the described core layer of the distance super sheet of material of gradual change far away, n
p, n
0, n
i, n
I+1Satisfy relational expression n
0＜n
i＜n
I+1＜n
pThe refraction index profile that has the super material elementary cell of same radius r on concrete each layer of the functional layer that is made of the super sheet of material of core and the super sheet of material of gradual change satisfies:
Wherein, the i value of the super sheet of material correspondence of super sheet of material to the N of first gradual change gradual change is numerical value one to N, the i value of all core layer correspondences is N+1, s is that described radiation source is apart from the vertical range of the super sheet of material of described first gradual change, d is the gross thickness that the super sheet of material of super sheet of material to the N of first gradual change gradual change and all super sheet of material of core have
Wherein λ is the operation wavelength that the second surpasses material panel, the operation wavelength that the second surpasses material panel is determined when practical application, according to above-mentioned description to super sheet of material as can be known, the thickness of each super sheet of material is 0.818 millimeter in the present embodiment, when determining that the operation wavelength the second surpass material panel can determine the d value later on, thereby can obtain the number of plies of the super sheet of material that should make in the practical application; Described border circular areas on L (j) the expression super sheet of material of described core and the super sheet of material of described gradual change and with the start radius value of the concentric a plurality of annular regions of described border circular areas, which zone j represents, L (1) expression first area wherein, i.e. described border circular areas, L (1)=0.
Discuss definite method of preferable L (j) below, when going into to inject the super sheet of material of first gradual change from the electromagnetic wave of radiate source radiation, because different shooting angle makes that the light path of the electromagnetic wave process that incides the super sheet of material of first gradual change is unequal, s by radiation source apart from the vertical range of first gradual change super sheet of material also be incide the super sheet of material of first gradual change electromagnetic wave the shortest optical path of process, at this moment, this incidence point is the border circular areas start radius of the super sheet of material of corresponding first gradual change, i.e. the L (1)=0 of correspondence during j=1.When certain the bundle electromagnetic wave that sends when radiation source incides the super sheet of material of first gradual change, when the light path of its process is s+ λ, the start radius that the distance of incidence point was first annular region of a plurality of annular regions when this restrainted electromagnetic incidence point and vertical incidence also is the termination radius of border circular areas, according to mathematical formulae as can be known, during j=2, corresponding
Wherein λ is the wavelength value of incident electromagnetic wave.During the super sheet of material of certain bundle electromagnetic wave incident first gradual change sent when radiation source, when the light path of its process is s+2 λ, to be the start radius of second annular region of a plurality of annular regions also be the termination radius of first annular region to the distance of incidence point when this restrainted electromagnetic incidence point and vertical incidence, according to mathematical formulae as can be known, during j=3, corresponding
Border circular areas and with the start radius of concentric each annular region of border circular areas with stop radius as can be known by that analogy.
For the above-mentioned Changing Pattern of visual representation more, Fig. 5 has provided the refractive index schematic diagram of core layer with radius change.Among Fig. 5, each regional refractive index is by n
pTaper to n
0, each regional start radius and termination radius provide according to the relational expression of above-mentioned L (j).Fig. 5 only provided three zones be L (2) to the regional change scope of L (4), but Ying Zhiqi only is schematically, the initial sum that the derivation that can use above-mentioned L (j) in the practical application as required draws arbitrary region stops radius.The graded bedding refractive index is similar with refractive index schematic diagram and Fig. 5 of radius change, and difference only is that its maximum is not n
p, but the refractive index maximum of himself.
Discussed the overall refractive index distribution relation that the first surpasses material panel and the second surpass material panel above in detail, by super material principle as can be known, the size of artificial metal's micro-structural of adhering on the base material and pattern directly determine the refractive index value of super material each point.Simultaneously, according to experiment as can be known, when its size of artificial metal's micro-structural of same geometry was more big, corresponding super material elementary cell refractive index was more big.Among the present invention, because a plurality of first artificial metal micro structure, a plurality of second artificial metal's micro-structurals, a plurality of the 3rd artificial metal's micro-structural geometries are all identical, therefore constituting the 3rd artificial metal's micro-structural on the sheet of material rule of arranging that the first surpasses that the first surpasses material panel is: a plurality of the 3rd artificial micro-structural is that the 3rd artificial metal's micro-structural and geometry are identical, the rounded distribution on described first base material of described the 3rd artificial metal's micro-structural, and the 3rd artificial metal's microstructure size minimum of circle centre position, along with the increase of radius, the 3rd artificial metal's microstructure size of respective radius also increase and the 3rd artificial metal's microstructure size at same radius place identical.The rule of arranging of second artificial metal's micro-structural on the super sheet of material of gradual change is: the geometry of a plurality of second artificial metal's micro-structurals is identical, the base material of the super sheet of material of gradual change comprises border circular areas and a plurality of annular regions concentric with described border circular areas, described border circular areas is identical with second artificial metal's microstructure size excursion in the described annular region, all along with the increase of radius is identical from second artificial metal's microstructure size that full-size is reduced to minimum dimension and same radius continuously.The rule of arranging of the first artificial metal micro structure on the super sheet of material of core is: the geometry of a plurality of first artificial metal micro structures is identical, the base material of the super sheet of material of core comprises border circular areas and a plurality of annular regions concentric with described border circular areas, described border circular areas is identical with the first artificial metal micro structure change in size scope in the described annular region, all along with the increase of radius is measure-alike from the first artificial metal micro structure that full-size is reduced to minimum dimension and same radius continuously.
Satisfying the above-mentioned geometry that the first surpasses material panel and the second surpass artificial metal's micro-structural that the material panel refraction index profile requires has multiplely, but substantially all be to produce the geometry that responds to incident electromagnetic wave.Because change comparatively difficulty of incident electromagnetic wave magnetic field, therefore present most artificial metal micro structures are can be to the geometry of incident electromagnetic wave electric field response, most typical being " worker " font artificial metal micro-structural.Describe several artificial metal's micro-structural geometries below in detail.The first surpass material panel and the second surpass on the material panel can be according to the size of the largest refractive index of its needs and minimum refractive index adjustment artificial metal micro-structural so that its meet the demands, the mode of adjusting can also can be by hand computation by Computer Simulation, because it is not emphasis of the present invention, therefore be not described in detail.
As shown in Figure 6, Fig. 6 is for producing response with the topological pattern of geometry of artificial metal's micro-structural of first preferred embodiments that changes super material elementary cell refractive index to electromagnetic wave.Among Fig. 6, artificial metal's micro-structural is " worker " font, comprise the first vertical metal branch 1021 and vertical this first metal branch 1021 and be positioned at the second metal branch 1022 at the first metal branch two ends respectively, Fig. 6 a is the pattern of deriving of artificial metal's micro-structural geometry topology pattern among Fig. 6, it not only comprises the first metal branch 1021, the second metal branch 1022, and every second metal branch two ends also are vertically installed with the 3rd metal branch 1023.
Fig. 7 is for producing response with the topological pattern of geometry of artificial metal's micro-structural of second preferred embodiments that changes super material elementary cell refractive index to electromagnetic wave.Among Fig. 7, artificial metal's micro-structural is the plane snowflake type, comprises that the orthogonal first metal branch 1021 ' and two the first metal branch, 1021 ' two ends all are vertically installed with the second metal branch 1022 '; Fig. 7 a is the pattern of deriving of artificial metal's micro-structural geometry topology pattern shown in Figure 7, it comprises that not only two first metal branches 1021 ', 1022 ', four second metal branch two ends of four second metal branches also are vertically installed with the 3rd metal branch 1023 '.Preferably, the first metal branch, 1021 ' equal in length and crossing perpendicular to mid point, the second metal branch, 1022 ' equal in length and mid point are positioned at the first metal branch end points, and the 3rd metal branch 1023 ' equal in length and mid point are positioned at the second metal branch end points; The artificial metal's micro-structural that is arranged so that of above-mentioned metal branch is isotropism, namely under artificial metal's micro-structural in the plane any direction rotation artificial metal micro-structural can both overlap with former artificial metal micro structure for 90 °.Adopt isotropic artificial metal's micro-structural energy simplified design, reduce and disturb.
By reference to the accompanying drawings embodiments of the invention are described above; but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment; above-mentioned embodiment only is schematic; rather than it is restrictive; those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; not breaking away under the scope situation that aim of the present invention and claim protect, also can make a lot of forms, these all belong within the protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a feed forward type microwave antenna is characterized in that, comprising:
Radiation source, be used for the first surpassing material panel, the second surpassing material panel and be attached at the described Reflector Panel that the second surpasses the material panel back what the electromagnetic wave of described radiation source emission was dispersed, electromagnetic wave entered the described material panel that the second surpasses and produces refraction and entered the described material panel that the second surpasses after the described Reflector Panel reflection again refraction and final parallel outgoing take place again through described the first surpassing after material panel is dispersed;
The described material panel that the first surpasses comprises that first base material and cycle are arranged in a plurality of the 3rd artificial metal's micro-structurals on described first base material;
Describedly the second surpass the super sheet of material of super sheet of material to the N of first gradual change gradual change that material panel comprises core layer and is symmetricly set in described core layer both sides, wherein the super sheet of material of symmetrically arranged two-layer N gradual change is all near described core layer;
Described core layer comprises a plurality of super sheet of material of core with identical refraction index profile, the super sheet of material of each core comprises a border circular areas and a plurality of annular regions concentric with described border circular areas, the refractive index excursion is identical in described border circular areas and the described annular region, all along with the increase of radius from n
pBe reduced to n continuously
0And the refractive index at same radius place is identical; The super sheet of material of described core comprises that the super sheet of material base material of core and cycle are arranged in a plurality of first artificial metal micro structure of the super sheet of material substrate surface of described core;
The super sheet of material of each gradual change includes a border circular areas and a plurality of annular regions concentric with described border circular areas, and the variations in refractive index scope in the described border circular areas of the super sheet of material correspondence of each gradual change and the described annular region is all identical and along with the increase of radius is reduced to n continuously from its largest refractive index
0, the refractive index at same radius place is identical, and the largest refractive index of two adjacent super sheet of material of gradual change is expressed as n
iAnd n
I+1, n wherein
0＜n
i＜n
I+1＜n
p, i is positive integer, n
iLargest refractive index value corresponding to the described core layer of the distance super sheet of material of gradual change far away; The super sheet of material of described each gradual change comprises that the super sheet of material base material of gradual change and cycle are arranged in a plurality of second artificial metal's micro-structurals of the super sheet of material substrate surface of described gradual change; The super sheet of material of whole gradual changes and whole super sheet of material of core have constituted the described functional layer that the second surpasses material panel;
The border circular areas that is divided on the super sheet of material of all gradual changes and the super sheet of material of all cores and with the start radius of the concentric annular region of border circular areas with stop radius and all equate; The super sheet of material of each gradual change and the super sheet of material of all cores are along with the variation of radius r, and the refraction index profile relational expression is:
Wherein, the i value of the super sheet of material correspondence of super sheet of material to the N of first gradual change gradual change is numerical value 1 to N, and the i value of the super sheet of material correspondence of all cores is N+1, and s is that described radiation source is apart from the vertical range of the super sheet of material of described first gradual change; D is the gross thickness that the super sheet of material of super sheet of material to the N of first gradual change gradual change and all super sheet of material of core have,
Wherein λ is the described operation wavelength that the second surpasses material panel; Border circular areas on L (j) the expression super sheet of material of core and the super sheet of material of gradual change and with the start radius value of the concentric a plurality of annular regions of described border circular areas, which zone j represents, L (1) expression first area wherein, i.e. described border circular areas, L (1)=0.
2. microwave antenna according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described material panel that the second surpasses also comprises first matching layer to the M matching layer that is symmetricly set in described functional layer both sides, and wherein symmetrically arranged two-layer M matching layer is all near the super sheet of material of described first gradual change; Each matching layer refraction index profile is even, the described first matching layer refractive index near free space is substantially equal to the free space refractive index, and the M matching layer refractive index of the close super sheet of material of described first gradual change is substantially equal to the super sheet of material minimum refractive index of described first gradual change n
0
3. feed forward type microwave antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the super sheet of material of described core is three layers, and every layer of super sheet of material of core also comprises the cover layer that is covered on the described first artificial metal micro structure; The law of dimension that cycle is arranged in a plurality of described first artificial metal micro structure on the described base material is: the geometry of a plurality of described first artificial metal micro structures is identical, described base material comprises border circular areas and a plurality of annular regions concentric with described border circular areas, described border circular areas is identical with the first artificial metal micro structure change in size scope in the described annular region, all along with the increase of radius is measure-alike from the first artificial metal micro structure that full-size is reduced to minimum dimension and same radius continuously.
4. feed forward type microwave antenna according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described core layer bilateral symmetry is provided with the super sheet of material of super sheet of material to the three gradual changes of first gradual change, and every layer of super sheet of material of gradual change also comprises the cover layer that is covered on described second artificial metal's micro-structural; The law of dimension that cycle is arranged in the described second artificial metal's micro-structural on the described base material is: the geometry of a plurality of described second artificial metal's micro-structurals is identical, described base material comprises border circular areas and a plurality of annular regions concentric with described border circular areas, described border circular areas is identical with second artificial metal's microstructure size excursion in the described annular region, all along with the increase of radius is identical from second artificial metal's microstructure size that full-size is reduced to minimum dimension and same radius continuously.
5. feed forward type microwave antenna according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, describedly the first surpass the rounded distribution of material panel refractive index, the refractive index of circle centre position is minimum and along with the increase of radius, the refractive index of respective radius also increase and same radius place refractive index identical.
6. feed forward type microwave antenna according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the described material panel that the first surpasses is made of the identical sheet of material that the first surpasses of a plurality of refraction index profile, and the described sheet of material that the first surpasses also comprises the cover layer that is covered on the described the 3rd artificial micro-structural; The a plurality of the 3rd artificial micro-structural is that the 3rd artificial metal's micro-structural and geometry are identical, the rounded distribution on described first base material of described the 3rd artificial metal's micro-structural, and the 3rd artificial metal's microstructure size minimum of circle centre position, along with the increase of radius, the 3rd artificial metal's microstructure size of respective radius also increase and the 3rd artificial metal's microstructure size at same radius place identical.
7. feed forward type microwave antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the described a plurality of first artificial metal micro structure, described a plurality of second artificial metal's micro-structurals and described a plurality of the 3rd artificial metal's structures have identical geometry.
8. feed forward type microwave antenna according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described geometry is " worker " font, comprises the first vertical metal branch and is positioned at the described first metal branch two ends and perpendicular to the second metal branch of the described first metal branch.
9. the super material of feed forward type according to claim 8 is characterized in that, described geometry also comprises and is positioned at the described second metal branch two ends and perpendicular to the 3rd metal branch of the described second metal branch.
10. the super material of feed forward type according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described geometry is the plane snowflake type, comprises orthogonal two first metal branches and is positioned at the described first metal branch two ends and perpendicular to the second metal branch of the described first metal branch.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201110210400 CN102480030B (en) | 2011-07-26 | 2011-07-26 | Feed-forward type microwave antenna |
| US14/235,079 US9601836B2 (en) | 2011-07-26 | 2011-11-24 | Front feed microwave antenna |
| PCT/CN2011/082820 WO2013013462A1 (en) | 2011-07-26 | 2011-11-24 | Front feed microwave antenna |
| EP11869828.1A EP2738878B1 (en) | 2011-07-26 | 2011-11-24 | Front feed microwave antenna |
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| CN 201110210400 CN102480030B (en) | 2011-07-26 | 2011-07-26 | Feed-forward type microwave antenna |
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| CN102480030B true CN102480030B (en) | 2013-07-03 |
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| CN102760959B (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2015-04-15 | 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 | Meta-material hiding device |
| CN102769207B (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2014-12-24 | 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 | Metamaterial cloaking device |
| CN102820544B (en) * | 2012-07-03 | 2015-08-19 | 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 | A kind of antenna reflective face phasing pad pasting and reflector antenna |
| CN102800995B (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2015-07-01 | 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 | Cassegrain metamaterial antenna |
| EP2882038B1 (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2019-10-16 | Kuang-Chi Innovative Technology Ltd. | Cassegrain-type metamaterial antenna |
| CN102800994B (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2015-04-15 | 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 | Cassegrain type metamaterial antenna |
| CN102821589B (en) * | 2012-08-03 | 2015-07-01 | 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 | Wave absorbing material |
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| US7570432B1 (en) * | 2008-02-07 | 2009-08-04 | Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. | Metamaterial gradient index lens |
| CN101587990B (en) * | 2009-07-01 | 2012-09-26 | 东南大学 | Broad band cylindrical lens antenna based on artificial electromagnetic materials |
| CN101699659B (en) * | 2009-11-04 | 2013-01-02 | 东南大学 | Lens antenna |
| CN101867094A (en) * | 2010-05-02 | 2010-10-20 | 兰州大学 | Focusing panel antenna |
| CN202217791U (en) * | 2011-07-26 | 2012-05-09 | 深圳光启高等理工研究院 | Front feed type microwave antenna |
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