CN102723603A - Horn-shaped antenna - Google Patents
Horn-shaped antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN102723603A CN102723603A CN201210173856XA CN201210173856A CN102723603A CN 102723603 A CN102723603 A CN 102723603A CN 201210173856X A CN201210173856X A CN 201210173856XA CN 201210173856 A CN201210173856 A CN 201210173856A CN 102723603 A CN102723603 A CN 102723603A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a horn-shaped antenna. The horn-shaped antenna comprises a horn and a metamaterial sleeve, wherein the metamaterial sleeve comprises a metamaterial base plate and a sleeve body, the metamaterial base plate is dead against the opening of the horn, the sleeve body is arranged on the opening of the horn, the metamaterial base plate comprises a first base plate and a plurality of artificial microstructures, the plurality of artificial microstructures are arranged on the side surface of the first base plate and are wires made of conductive materials, each artificial microstructure comprises a first main line and a second main line both of which are crossed, the two ends of the first main line are connected with two first branch lines, the two ends of the second main line are connected with two second branch lines, two ends of each first branch line are bent inwards and extends to form two first folding lines, and each of the two ends of the second branch line are bent inwards and extends to form two second folding lines. The horn-shaped antenna disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and high gain.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the communications field, more particularly, relate to a kind of horn antenna.
Background technology
Horn antenna, promptly the trumpet-shaped antenna of waveguide terminal flare up is easy to control because horn antenna is simple in structure with directional diagram, and usually as the medium directivity antenna, like standard horn, modal is the feed that is used as reflecting surface.When it is used as stand-alone antenna, generally all add the reflecting surface or the lens of phase calibration.Loudspeaker-paraboloidal-reflector antenna has bandwidth, secondary lobe is low and characteristic such as efficient height, is usually used in microwave radio relay communication.And lens because of its weight heavier with reason such as complex structure, seldom as the phasing of loudspeaker.But the requirement on machining accuracy of parabolic reflector is high, difficulty of processing is big, so cost is also higher.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve is that, defect of high cost big to existing horn antenna difficulty of processing provide a kind of horn antenna simple in structure.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of horn antenna; Comprise loudspeaker and ultra material sleeve; Said ultra material sleeve comprises ultra material base plate and the cylindrical shell over against the loudspeaker opening, and said cylindrical shell is arranged on the loudspeaker opening, and said ultra material base plate comprises that first substrate reaches attached to a plurality of artificial micro-structural on first substrate, one side surface; The silk thread of said artificial micro-structural for processing by electric conducting material; Said artificial micro-structural has the first crossing main line and second main line, and the said first main line two ends are connected with two first branch lines, and the said second main line two ends are connected with two second branch lines; The two ends of each said first branch line bend to the inside and extend two first broken lines, and the two ends of each said second branch line bend to the inside and extend two second broken lines.
Further; Said first main line and second main line are vertically divided equally each other, and said first main line is identical with the length of second main line, and said two first line lengths are identical; The said first main line two ends are connected on the mid point of two first branch lines; Said two second line lengths are identical, and the said second main line two ends are connected on the mid point of two second branch lines, the equal in length of said first branch line and second branch line.
Further, the angle that become with first branch line of said first broken line is θ
1, the angle that said second broken line is become with second branch line is θ
2, and have,
θ
1=θ
2；θ
1≤45°。
Further, the angle theta that become with first branch line of said first broken line
1Reach the angle theta that said second broken line is become with second branch line
2Be 45 degree.
Further, said artificial micro-structural thickness everywhere is identical, and its thickness is H
2, 0.01mm≤H
2≤0.5mm;
Said artificial micro-structural live width everywhere is identical, and its live width is W, 0.08mm≤W≤0.3mm;
The distance of said first broken line and second broken line is d
1, 0.08mm≤d
1≤0.3mm;
The end of said first broken line is concordant with first main line, and the end of said second broken line is concordant with second main line, and said first broken line and second broken line are isometric;
The distance of the end of said first broken line and first main line is d
2, 0.08mm≤d
2≤0.3mm;
The distance of the end of said second broken line and second main line is d
3, 0.08mm≤d
3≤0.3mm;
And, be spaced apart WL, 0.08mm≤WL≤0.3mm between adjacent two artificial micro-structurals;
Distance between adjacent two artificial micro-structurals is L, 1mm≤L≤30mm.
Further, said ultra material base plate also comprises second substrate that covers on a plurality of artificial micro-structurals.
Further, said first substrate is identical with second substrate thickness, and its thickness is H
1, 0.1mm≤H
1≤1mm.
Further, said first substrate is identical with the dielectric constant of second substrate, and its dielectric constant span is 2.5-2.8.
Further, said first substrate and second substrate are processed by ceramic material, F4B composite material, FR-4 composite material or polystyrene.
Further, said artificial micro-structural is processed by copper cash or silver-colored line, said artificial micro-structural through etching, plating, brill quarter, photoetching, electronics is carved or the method at ion quarter attached on said first substrate.
Further, said cylindrical shell has the structure identical with surpassing the material base plate.
According to horn antenna of the present invention; On the loudspeaker outer openings, be provided with ultra material sleeve, ultra material sleeve comprises the ultra material base plate that can realize the zero refractive index in certain frequency range over against the setting of loudspeaker opening, through this ultra material base plate; The Wave-front phase of horn antenna is modulated to uniform plane wave by spherical wave; The directional diagram beam angle narrows down, secondary lobe reduces, and the gain raising, and this horn antenna is simple in structure simultaneously, cost is low.
Description of drawings
To combine accompanying drawing and embodiment that the present invention is described further below, in the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the horn antenna of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation (perspective) of its ultra material base plate of horn antenna shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 3 is the front view after horn antenna shown in Figure 1 removes second substrate;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the horn antenna of second embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation (perspective) of its ultra material base plate of horn antenna shown in Figure 4;
Fig. 6 is the front view after horn antenna shown in Figure 4 removes second substrate;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of single artificial micro-structural;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of its ultra material base plate of horn antenna of third embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of its ultra material base plate of horn antenna of fourth embodiment of the invention;
Figure 10 is the ultra material base plate emulation sketch map of a kind of size of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the emulation sketch map of the ultra material base plate of the another kind of size of the present invention;
Figure 12 is a horn antenna near field electromagnetic distributed simulation sketch map of the present invention;
Figure 13 is the far field emulation sketch map of horn antenna of the present invention.
Embodiment
Extremely shown in Figure 3 like Fig. 1; Horn antenna for first embodiment of the invention; Comprise loudspeaker LB and ultra material sleeve TT, said ultra material sleeve TT comprises ultra material base plate 100 and cylindrical shell 200 over against the loudspeaker opening, and said cylindrical shell is arranged on the loudspeaker opening; Said cylindrical shell can be set on the loudspeaker opening, also can be through glue on the lateral wall of loudspeaker opening.Said ultra material base plate 100 comprises first substrate 1, attached to a plurality of artificial micro-structural 3 on first substrate, 1 one side surfaces and cover second substrate 2 on a plurality of artificial micro-structurals 3.Said artificial micro-structural 3 has first main line 31 and second main line of vertically dividing equally each other 32; Said first main line 31 is identical with the length of second main line 32; Said first main line 31 two ends are connected with two first branch line Z1 of equal length; Said first main line 31 two ends are connected on the mid point of two first branch line Z1; Said second main line 32 two ends are connected with two second branch line Z2 of equal length, and said second main line 32 two ends are connected on the mid point of two second branch line Z2, the equal in length of the said first branch line Z1 and the second branch line Z2; The two ends of each said first branch line Z1 bend to the inside and extend two first broken line ZX1, and the two ends of each said second branch line Z2 bend to the inside and extend two second broken line ZX2.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, loudspeaker LB is a pyramid loudspeaker; Corresponding ultra material base plate 100 is a square plate shown in Figure 2; Cylindrical shell 200 then is a quadra structure, and cylindrical shell 200 can be socketed on the loudspeaker opening, also can pass through glue and loudspeaker open butt joint.
Fig. 2 is the perspective view of the ultra material base plate of present embodiment, supposes that promptly first substrate and second substrate are transparent, and artificial micro-structural is opaque.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 7, in said each artificial micro-structural, the said first broken line ZX1 is θ with the angle that the first branch line Z1 is become
1, the said second broken line ZX2 is θ with the angle that the second branch line Z2 is become
2, and have,
θ
1=θ
2；θ
1≤45°。
Preferably, the angle theta that become with the first branch line Z1 of the said first broken line ZX1
1Reach the angle theta that the said second broken line ZX2 is become with the second branch line Z2
2Be 45 degree.Promptly the first broken line Z1 is parallel with the second broken line Z2.
In the present embodiment, like Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 3, said artificial micro-structural thickness everywhere is identical, and its thickness is H
2, 0.01mm≤H
2≤0.5mm;
Said artificial micro-structural live width everywhere is identical, and its live width is W, 0.08mm≤W≤0.3mm;
The distance of said first broken line and second broken line is d
1, 0.08mm≤d
1≤0.3mm;
The end of said first broken line is concordant with first main line, and the end of said second broken line is concordant with second main line, and said first broken line and second broken line are isometric;
The distance of the end of said first broken line and first main line is d
2, 0.08mm≤d
2≤0.3mm;
The distance of the end of said second broken line and second main line is d
3, 0.08mm≤d
3≤0.3mm;
And, be spaced apart WL, 0.08mm≤WL≤0.3mm between adjacent two artificial micro-structurals; As shown in Figure 3, WL is the distance of two the first relative branch lines of adjacent two artificial micro-structurals, also is the distance of two the second relative branch lines of adjacent two artificial micro-structurals.
Distance between adjacent two artificial micro-structurals is L, 1mm≤L≤30mm; As shown in Figure 3, L is the distance between two first branch line (or two second branch lines) of adjacent two artificial micro-structurals; It also is the distance between adjacent two artificial micro-structural central points.The length of L is relevant with incident electromagnetic wave, and the length of L is less than the wavelength of incident electromagnetic wave usually, and for example L can be 1/10th of an incident electromagnetic wave, can produce continuous response to incident electromagnetic wave like this.
In the present embodiment, the silk thread of said artificial micro-structural 3 for processing by electric conducting material.For example copper cash, silver-colored line and other metal wire, the artificial micro-structural that adopts metal material to process, can through etching, plating, brill quarter, photoetching, electronics is carved or the method at ion quarter attached on said first substrate 1.In addition, artificial micro-structural 3 can also be processed by other nonmetallic electric conducting material, for example, and indium tin oxide, CNT or graphite etc.
Among this embodiment, said first substrate 1 is identical with second substrate, 2 thickness, and its thickness is H
1, 0.1mm≤H
1≤1mm.And said first substrate 1 is identical with the dielectric constant of second substrate 2, and its dielectric constant span is 2.5-2.8.
In the present embodiment, first substrate 1 and second substrate 2 can be processed by dielectric material arbitrarily, for example ceramic material, macromolecular material, ferroelectric material, ferrite material or ferromagnetic material.Macromolecular material for example can have F4B composite material, FR-4 composite material or polystyrene (PS) etc.
In the present embodiment, adopt a kind of ultra material base plate to carry out emulation with following parameter,
Distance L between adjacent two artificial micro-structurals is 2.5mm;
The thickness H of artificial micro-structural
2Be 0.018mm;
The live width W of artificial micro-structural is 0.13mm;
The angle that first broken line is become with first branch line is θ
1Equal 45 degree, the angle that second broken line is become with second branch line is θ
2Equal 45 degree;
First broken line and second broken line apart from d
1Be 0.13mm;
The end of first broken line and first main line apart from d
2Be 0.13mm, the end of said second broken line and second main line apart from d
3Be 0.13mm;
Interval WL between adjacent two artificial micro-structurals is 0.13mm;
First substrate and second substrate are that dielectric constant is 2.7 FR-4 composite material, and loss tangent is 0.002.
Ultra material base plate to having above-mentioned parameter carries out emulation, promptly tests the refractive index of this ultra material under different frequency, and it is shown in figure 10 with respect to the electromagnetic response curve of frequency to obtain refractive index.Can know that by Figure 10 this ultra material base plate (Ku wave band) its equivalent refractive index in this frequency range of 11.2-12.8GHz is zero basically, realize zero refractive index; Wherein on the 12GHZ this point; Refractive index is 0.05, should be noted that it is zero basically that the zero refractive index here refers to refractive index.
According to Snell law (n1sin θ 1=n2sin θ 2); When light incides free space (n2>0) from zero refraction materials (n1=0) inside; No matter how many incidence angle θ 1 is; Angle of emergence θ 2 must equal zero, so refracted ray penetrates along the interface normal direction, when the equivalent refractive index of dielectric material near zero the time; The dipole antenna that is placed in the medium mainly concentrates on the normal direction of medium-air interface to the electromagnetic direction of free space radiation, thereby has realized the high directivity of antenna.
The ultra material base plate that has above-mentioned parameter in the present embodiment possesses the characteristic of zero refractive index in this frequency range of 11.2-12.8GHz; Therefore above-mentioned ultra material base plate is arranged on outer openings the place ahead that centre frequency is the loudspeaker of 12GHZ; Can improve the horn antenna Wave-front phase, obtain higher gain.
Shown in figure 12; The near field electromagnetic distributed simulation sketch map of the horn antenna as shown in Figure 1 that is constituted for ultra material base plate (adopting intermediate frequency is the feed of 12GHZ) with above-mentioned parameter; As can be seen from the figure, the Wave-front phase of horn antenna is modulated to uniform plane wave by spherical wave.
Shown in figure 13; The far field emulation sketch map of the horn antenna as shown in Figure 1 that is constituted for ultra material base plate (adopting intermediate frequency is the feed of 12GHZ) with above-mentioned parameter; As can be seen from the figure, than standard horn, horn antenna of the present invention; Its directional diagram beam angle narrows down, secondary lobe reduces, and gain improves.
In the present embodiment, adopt another kind of ultra material base plate to carry out emulation with following parameter,
Distance L between adjacent two artificial micro-structurals is 2.5mm;
The thickness H of artificial micro-structural
2Be 0.018mm;
The live width W of artificial micro-structural is 0.15mm;
The angle that first broken line is become with first branch line is θ
1Equal 45 degree, the angle that second broken line is become with second branch line is θ
2Equal 45 degree;
First broken line and second broken line apart from d
1Be 0.15mm;
The end of first broken line and first main line apart from d
2Be 0.15mm, the end of said second broken line and second main line apart from d
3Be 0.15mm;
Interval WL between adjacent two artificial micro-structurals is 0.15mm;
First substrate and second substrate are that dielectric constant is 2.7 PS plastic plate, and loss tangent is 0.0002.
Ultra material base plate to having above-mentioned parameter carries out emulation, promptly tests the refractive index of this ultra material under different frequency, and it is shown in figure 11 with respect to the electromagnetic response curve of frequency to obtain refractive index.Can know that by Figure 11 basic its equivalent refractive index of this ultra material its equivalent refractive index in this frequency range of 13.5-15GHz is zero basically, has realized zero refractive index.
Near field electromagnetic distributed simulation sketch map and Figure 12 with horn antenna as shown in Figure 1 that the ultra material base plate of above-mentioned parameter constituted are similar, and feed adopts the intermediate frequency of this frequency range of 13.5-15GHz.
Far field emulation sketch map and Figure 13 with horn antenna as shown in Figure 1 that the ultra material base plate of above-mentioned parameter constituted are similar,, feed adopts the intermediate frequency of this frequency range of 13.5-15GHz.
Certainly, can also realize the zero refractive index of other frequency range through the above-mentioned a plurality of parameters that change ultra material base plate, to form the horn antenna of different frequency range.
In addition, to shown in Figure 6, the present invention also provides the horn antenna of second embodiment like Fig. 4; Be with the difference of first embodiment, among this embodiment, as shown in Figure 4; Loudspeaker LB is a conical horn, and ultra accordingly material base plate 100 is a circular sheet shown in Figure 5, and cylindrical shell 200 then is a cylindrical structure; Cylindrical shell 200 can be socketed on the loudspeaker opening, also can pass through glue and loudspeaker open butt joint.。
Likewise, Fig. 5 is the perspective view of the ultra material base plate of present embodiment, supposes that promptly first substrate and second substrate are transparent, and artificial micro-structural is opaque.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of its ultra material base plate of horn antenna of third embodiment of the invention, is with the difference of first embodiment, and in the present embodiment, ultra material base plate only is made up of first substrate and artificial micro-structural.
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of its ultra material base plate of horn antenna of fourth embodiment of the invention, is with the difference of second embodiment, and in the present embodiment, ultra material base plate only is made up of first substrate and artificial micro-structural.
In addition, in the above embodiment of the present invention, cylindrical shell 200 can be processed by the dielectric material of homogeneous, for example F4B composite material, FR-4 composite material or polystyrene (PS) etc.
Certainly, in the above embodiment of the present invention, cylindrical shell 200 also can be a metal reflective coating, and metal coating can penetrate the reflection of electromagnetic wave of part wide-angle to ultra material base plate again.
Certainly, in the above embodiment of the present invention, cylindrical shell 200 can be an absorbing material also, is used for absorbing penetrating at the inboard electromagnetic wave of cylindrical shell.
Certainly, in the above embodiment of the present invention, cylindrical shell 200 also can be and the identical ultra material of ultra material base plate 100 structures.Be that cylindrical shell is made up of substrate and a plurality of artificial micro-structural as shown in Figure 7 that is arranged on the substrate.Substrate is single layer substrate also, or the double layer substrate among the embodiment one (artificial micro-structural is in the centre).
Combine accompanying drawing that embodiments of the invention are described above; But the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, and above-mentioned embodiment only is schematically, rather than restrictive; Those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; Not breaking away under the scope situation that aim of the present invention and claim protect, also can make a lot of forms, these all belong within the protection of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. horn antenna; It is characterized in that comprise loudspeaker and ultra material sleeve, said ultra material sleeve comprises ultra material base plate and the cylindrical shell over against the loudspeaker opening; Said cylindrical shell is arranged on the loudspeaker opening; Said ultra material base plate comprises first substrate and attached to a plurality of artificial micro-structural on first substrate, one side surface, said artificial micro-structural is the silk thread of being processed by electric conducting material, and said artificial micro-structural has the first crossing main line and second main line; The said first main line two ends are connected with two first branch lines; The said second main line two ends are connected with two second branch lines, and the two ends of each said first branch line bend to the inside and extend two first broken lines, and the two ends of each said second branch line bend to the inside and extend two second broken lines.
2. horn antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said first main line and second main line are vertically divided equally each other; Said first main line is identical with the length of second main line; Said two first line lengths are identical, and the said first main line two ends are connected on the mid point of two first branch lines, and said two second line lengths are identical; The said second main line two ends are connected on the mid point of two second branch lines, the equal in length of said first branch line and second branch line.
3. horn antenna according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the angle that said first broken line is become with first branch line is θ
1, the angle that said second broken line is become with second branch line is θ
2, and have,
θ
1=θ
2；θ
1≤45°。
4. horn antenna according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the angle theta that said first broken line is become with first branch line
1Reach the angle theta that said second broken line is become with second branch line
2Be 45 degree.
5. horn antenna according to claim 4 is characterized in that, said artificial micro-structural thickness everywhere is identical, and its thickness is H
2, 0.01mm≤H
2≤0.5mm;
Said artificial micro-structural live width everywhere is identical, and its live width is W, 0.08mm≤W≤0.3mm;
The distance of said first broken line and second broken line is d
1, 0.08mm≤d
1≤0.3mm;
The end of said first broken line is concordant with first main line, and the end of said second broken line is concordant with second main line, and said first broken line and second broken line are isometric;
The distance of the end of said first broken line and first main line is d
2, 0.08mm≤d
2≤0.3mm;
The distance of the end of said second broken line and second main line is d
3, 0.08mm≤d
3≤0.3mm;
And, be spaced apart WL, 0.08mm≤WL≤0.3mm between adjacent two artificial micro-structurals;
Distance between adjacent two artificial micro-structurals is L, 1mm≤L≤30mm.
6. horn antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said ultra material base plate also comprises second substrate that covers on a plurality of artificial micro-structurals.
7. horn antenna according to claim 6 is characterized in that, said first substrate is identical with second substrate thickness, and its thickness is H
1, 0.1mm≤H
1≤1mm.
8. horn antenna according to claim 7 is characterized in that, said first substrate is identical with the dielectric constant of second substrate, and its dielectric constant span is 2.5-2.8.
9. horn antenna according to claim 8 is characterized in that, said first substrate and second substrate are processed by ceramic material, F4B composite material, FR-4 composite material or polystyrene.
10. horn antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said artificial micro-structural is processed by copper cash or silver-colored line, said artificial micro-structural through etching, plating, brill quarter, photoetching, electronics is carved or the method at ion quarter attached on said first substrate.
11. horn antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said cylindrical shell has the structure identical with surpassing the material base plate.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210173856.XA CN102723603B (en) | 2012-05-30 | 2012-05-30 | Horn-shaped antenna |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210173856.XA CN102723603B (en) | 2012-05-30 | 2012-05-30 | Horn-shaped antenna |
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| CN102723603B CN102723603B (en) | 2015-06-03 |
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| CN104733867A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2015-06-24 | 东南大学 | Three-dimensional package surface antenna with calibrated gap phase amplitude |
| CN113690598A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-11-23 | 电子科技大学 | Biomedical telemetering implanted high-gain antenna based on near-zero refractive index metamaterial |
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| CN113871895A (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2021-12-31 | 西安电子科技大学 | Transparent wave absorber of groove type resonance layer and mesh floor |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN102723603B (en) | 2015-06-03 |
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