CN102723603B - Horn-shaped antenna - Google Patents

Horn-shaped antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102723603B
CN102723603B CN201210173856.XA CN201210173856A CN102723603B CN 102723603 B CN102723603 B CN 102723603B CN 201210173856 A CN201210173856 A CN 201210173856A CN 102723603 B CN102723603 B CN 102723603B
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line
man
main line
substrate
horn antenna
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CN102723603A (en
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刘若鹏
季春霖
岳玉涛
郭洁
刘豫青
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Kuang Chi Institute of Advanced Technology
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Kuang Chi Innovative Technology Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a horn-shaped antenna. The horn-shaped antenna comprises a horn and a metamaterial sleeve, wherein the metamaterial sleeve comprises a metamaterial base plate and a sleeve body, the metamaterial base plate is dead against the opening of the horn, the sleeve body is arranged on the opening of the horn, the metamaterial base plate comprises a first base plate and a plurality of artificial microstructures, the plurality of artificial microstructures are arranged on the side surface of the first base plate and are wires made of conductive materials, each artificial microstructure comprises a first main line and a second main line both of which are crossed, the two ends of the first main line are connected with two first branch lines, the two ends of the second main line are connected with two second branch lines, two ends of each first branch line are bent inwards and extends to form two first folding lines, and each of the two ends of the second branch line are bent inwards and extends to form two second folding lines. The horn-shaped antenna disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and high gain.

Description

A kind of horn antenna
Technical field
The present invention relates to the communications field, more particularly, relate to a kind of horn antenna.
Background technology
Horn antenna, the i.e. trumpet-shaped antenna of waveguide terminal flare up, because horn antenna structure is simple and directional diagram is easy to control, be typically used as medium directivity antenna, and as standard horn, modal is the feed being used as reflecting surface.When it is used as stand-alone antenna, generally all add reflecting surface or the lens of phase calibration.Loudspeaker-paraboloidal-reflector antenna has the characteristics such as the low and efficiency of bandwidth, secondary lobe is high, is usually used in microwave radio relay communication.And lens are because of its reason such as heavier-weight and complex structure, be seldom used as the phasing of loudspeaker.But the requirement on machining accuracy of parabolic reflector is high, difficulty of processing large, and therefore cost is also higher.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, the defect large for existing horn antenna difficulty of processing, cost is high, provides a kind of structure simple horn antenna.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of horn antenna, comprise loudspeaker and Meta Materials sleeve, described Meta Materials sleeve comprises just to Meta Materials base plate and the cylindrical shell of loudspeaker opening, described cylindrical shell is arranged on loudspeaker opening, described Meta Materials base plate comprises first substrate and is attached to the multiple man-made microstructure on surface, first substrate side, described man-made microstructure is the silk thread be made up of electric conducting material, described man-made microstructure has the first crossing main line and the second main line, described first main line two ends are connected with two the first branch lines, described second main line two ends are connected with two the second branch lines, the two ends of the first branch line described in each bend to the inside and extend two the first broken lines, the two ends of the second branch line described in each bend to the inside and extend two the second broken lines,
Described first main line and the second main line are vertically divided equally mutually, described first main line is identical with the length of the second main line, described two the first leg length are identical, described first main line two ends are connected on the mid point of two the first branch lines, described two the second leg length are identical, described second main line two ends are connected on the mid point of two the second branch lines, and described first branch line is equal with the length of the second branch line;
The end of described first broken line is concordant with the first main line, and the end of described second broken line is concordant with the second main line.
Further, angle formed by described first broken line and the first branch line is θ 1, formed by described second broken line and the second branch line, angle is θ 2, and have,
θ 1=θ 2;θ 1≤45°。
Further, angle theta formed by described first broken line and the first branch line 1and angle theta formed by described second broken line and the second branch line 2be 45 degree.
Further, described man-made microstructure thickness is everywhere identical, and its thickness is H 2, 0.01mm≤H 2≤ 0.5mm;
Described man-made microstructure live width is everywhere identical, and its live width is W, 0.08mm≤W≤0.3mm;
The distance of described first broken line and the second broken line is d 1, 0.08mm≤d 1≤ 0.3mm;
Described first broken line and the second broken line isometric;
The end of described first broken line and the distance of the first main line are d 2, 0.08mm≤d 2≤ 0.3mm;
The end of described second broken line and the distance of the second main line are d 3, 0.08mm≤d 3≤ 0.3mm;
Further, WL is spaced apart, 0.08mm≤WL≤0.3mm between adjacent two man-made microstructure;
Distance between adjacent two man-made microstructure is L, 1mm≤L≤30mm.
Further, described Meta Materials base plate also comprises the second substrate covered in multiple man-made microstructure.
Further, described first substrate is identical with second substrate thickness, and its thickness is H 1, 0.1mm≤H 1≤ 1mm.
Further, described first substrate is identical with the dielectric constant of second substrate, and its dielectric constant span is 2.5-2.8.
Further, described first substrate and second substrate are made up of ceramic material, F4B composite material, FR-4 composite material or polystyrene.
Further, described man-made microstructure is made up of copper cash or silver-colored line, described man-made microstructure by etching, plating, bore quarters, photoetching, electronics carve or ion quarter method be attached on described first substrate.
Further, described cylindrical shell has the structure identical with Meta Materials base plate.
According to horn antenna of the present invention, loudspeaker outer openings is provided with Meta Materials sleeve, Meta Materials sleeve comprises just to the Meta Materials base plate that can realize zero refractive index in certain frequency range that loudspeaker opening is arranged, by this Meta Materials base plate, the Wave-front phase of horn antenna is modulated to uniform plane wave by spherical wave, pattern beam angle narrows, secondary lobe reduces, and gain improves, and this horn antenna structure is simple simultaneously, cost is low.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the horn antenna of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation (perspective) of its Meta Materials base plate of the horn antenna shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the front view after the horn antenna shown in Fig. 1 removes second substrate;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the horn antenna of second embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation (perspective) of its Meta Materials base plate of the horn antenna shown in Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is the front view after the horn antenna shown in Fig. 4 removes second substrate;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of single man-made microstructure;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of its Meta Materials base plate of horn antenna of third embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of its Meta Materials base plate of horn antenna of fourth embodiment of the invention;
Figure 10 is the Meta Materials base plate emulation schematic diagram of a kind of size of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the emulation schematic diagram of the Meta Materials base plate of the another kind of size of the present invention;
Figure 12 is horn antenna near field electromagnetic distributed simulation schematic diagram of the present invention;
Figure 13 is the far field emulation schematic diagram of horn antenna of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, for the horn antenna of first embodiment of the invention, comprise loudspeaker LB and Meta Materials sleeve TT, described Meta Materials sleeve TT comprises just to Meta Materials base plate 100 and the cylindrical shell 200 of loudspeaker opening, described cylindrical shell is arranged on loudspeaker opening, described cylindrical shell can be set on loudspeaker opening, also can be bonded on the lateral wall of loudspeaker opening by glue.The second substrate 2 that described Meta Materials base plate 100 comprises first substrate 1, is attached to the multiple man-made microstructure 3 on surface, first substrate 1 side and covers in multiple man-made microstructure 3.Described man-made microstructure 3 has the first main line 31 and the second main line 32 mutually vertically divided equally, described first main line 31 is identical with the length of the second main line 32, described first main line 31 two ends are connected with two the first branch line Z1 of equal length, described first main line 31 two ends are connected on the mid point of two the first branch line Z1, described second main line 32 two ends are connected with two the second branch line Z2 of equal length, described second main line 32 two ends are connected on the mid point of two the second branch line Z2, described first branch line Z1 is equal with the length of the second branch line Z2, the two ends of the first branch line Z1 described in each bend to the inside and extend two the first broken line ZX1, the two ends of the second branch line Z2 described in each bend to the inside and extend two the second broken line ZX2.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, loudspeaker LB is pyramid loudspeaker, corresponding Meta Materials base plate 100 is the square plate shown in Fig. 2, cylindrical shell 200 is then a quadra structure, and cylindrical shell 200 can be socketed on loudspeaker opening, also can by glue and loudspeaker open butt joint.
Fig. 2 is the perspective view of the Meta Materials base plate of the present embodiment, namely suppose first substrate and second substrate transparent, man-made microstructure is opaque.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 7, in described each man-made microstructure, formed by described first broken line ZX1 and the first branch line Z1, angle is θ 1, formed by described second broken line ZX2 and the second branch line Z2, angle is θ 2, and have,
θ 1=θ 2;θ 1≤45°。
Preferably, angle theta formed by described first broken line ZX1 and the first branch line Z1 1and angle theta formed by described second broken line ZX2 and the second branch line Z2 2be 45 degree.Namely the first broken line Z1 is parallel with the second broken line Z2.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, described man-made microstructure thickness is everywhere identical, and its thickness is H 2, 0.01mm≤H 2≤ 0.5mm;
Described man-made microstructure live width is everywhere identical, and its live width is W, 0.08mm≤W≤0.3mm;
The distance of described first broken line and the second broken line is d 1, 0.08mm≤d 1≤ 0.3mm;
The end of described first broken line is concordant with the first main line, and the end of described second broken line is concordant with the second main line, described first broken line and the second broken line isometric;
The end of described first broken line and the distance of the first main line are d 2, 0.08mm≤d 2≤ 0.3mm;
The end of described second broken line and the distance of the second main line are d 3, 0.08mm≤d 3≤ 0.3mm;
Further, WL is spaced apart, 0.08mm≤WL≤0.3mm between adjacent two man-made microstructure; As shown in Figure 3, WL is the distance of two relative first branch lines of adjacent two man-made microstructure, is also the distance of two relative second branch lines of adjacent two man-made microstructure.
Distance between adjacent two man-made microstructure is L, 1mm≤L≤30mm; As shown in Figure 3, L is the distance between first branch line (or two second branch lines) of two of adjacent two man-made microstructure; Also the distance namely between adjacent two man-made microstructure central points.The length of L is relevant with incident electromagnetic wave, and the length of usual L is less than the wavelength of incident electromagnetic wave, and such as L can be 1/10th of incident electromagnetic wave, can produce continuous print response like this to incident electromagnetic wave.
In the present embodiment, described man-made microstructure 3 is the silk thread be made up of electric conducting material.Such as copper cash, silver-colored line and other metal wire, adopt the man-made microstructure that metal material is made, and the method can carved by etching, electroplating, bore quarter, photoetching, electronics quarter or ion is attached on described first substrate 1.In addition, man-made microstructure 3 can also be made up of other nonmetallic electric conducting material, such as, and indium tin oxide, carbon nano-tube or graphite etc.
In this embodiment, described first substrate 1 is identical with second substrate 2 thickness, and its thickness is H 1, 0.1mm≤H 1≤ 1mm.Further, described first substrate 1 is identical with the dielectric constant of second substrate 2, and its dielectric constant span is 2.5-2.8.
In the present embodiment, first substrate 1 and second substrate 2 can be made up of arbitrary dielectric material, such as ceramic material, macromolecular material, ferroelectric material, ferrite material or ferromagnetic material.Macromolecular material, such as, can have F4B composite material, FR-4 composite material or polystyrene (PS) etc.
In the present embodiment, a kind of Meta Materials base plate with following parameter is adopted to emulate,
Distance L between adjacent two man-made microstructure is 2.5mm;
The thickness H of man-made microstructure 2for 0.018mm;
The live width W of man-made microstructure is 0.13mm;
Formed by first broken line and the first branch line, angle is θ 1equal 45 degree, formed by the second broken line and the second branch line, angle is θ 2equal 45 degree;
The distance d of the first broken line and the second broken line 1for 0.13mm;
The end of the first broken line and the distance d of the first main line 2for 0.13mm, the end of described second broken line and the distance d of the second main line 3for 0.13mm;
Interval WL between adjacent two man-made microstructure is 0.13mm;
First substrate and second substrate to be dielectric constant be 2.7 FR-4 composite material, loss tangent is 0.002.
The Meta Materials base plate with above-mentioned parameter is emulated, namely tests this Meta Materials refractive index at different frequencies, obtain refractive index relative to frequency electromagnetic response curve as shown in Figure 10.As shown in Figure 10, this Meta Materials base plate (Ku wave band) its equivalent refractive index in this frequency range of 11.2-12.8GHz is zero substantially, achieves zero refractive index, wherein in 12GHZ this point, refractive index is 0.05, and it is zero substantially that zero refractive index that it should be noted that herein refers to refractive index.
According to Snell law (n1sin θ 1=n2sin θ 2), when light incides free space (n2>0) from zero refraction materials (n1=0) inside, no matter incidence angle θ 1 is how many, angle of emergence θ 2 must equal zero, therefore refracted ray penetrates along interface normal direction, when dielectric material equivalent refractive index close to zero time, place dipole antenna in media as well mainly concentrates on normal direction from medium-air interface to the electromagnetic direction of free space radiation, thus achieve the high directivity of antenna.
The Meta Materials base plate in the present embodiment with above-mentioned parameter possesses the characteristic of zero refractive index in this frequency range of 11.2-12.8GHz, therefore above-mentioned Meta Materials base plate is arranged on the outer openings front that centre frequency is the loudspeaker of 12GHZ, horn antenna Wave-front phase can be improved, obtain higher gain.
As shown in figure 12, for the near field electromagnetic distributed simulation schematic diagram (adopting intermediate frequency to be the feed of 12GHZ) of the horn antenna as shown in Figure 1 that the Meta Materials base plate with above-mentioned parameter is formed, as can be seen from the figure, the Wave-front phase of horn antenna is modulated to uniform plane wave by spherical wave.
As shown in figure 13, for the far field emulation schematic diagram (adopting intermediate frequency to be the feed of 12GHZ) of the horn antenna as shown in Figure 1 that the Meta Materials base plate with above-mentioned parameter is formed, as can be seen from the figure, comparatively standard horn, horn antenna of the present invention, its pattern beam angle narrows, secondary lobe reduces, and gain improves.
In the present embodiment, the another kind of Meta Materials base plate with following parameter is adopted to emulate,
Distance L between adjacent two man-made microstructure is 2.5mm;
The thickness H of man-made microstructure 2for 0.018mm;
The live width W of man-made microstructure is 0.15mm;
Formed by first broken line and the first branch line, angle is θ 1equal 45 degree, formed by the second broken line and the second branch line, angle is θ 2equal 45 degree;
The distance d of the first broken line and the second broken line 1for 0.15mm;
The end of the first broken line and the distance d of the first main line 2for 0.15mm, the end of described second broken line and the distance d of the second main line 3for 0.15mm;
Interval WL between adjacent two man-made microstructure is 0.15mm;
First substrate and second substrate to be dielectric constant be 2.7 PS plastic plate, loss tangent is 0.0002.
The Meta Materials base plate with above-mentioned parameter is emulated, namely tests this Meta Materials refractive index at different frequencies, obtain refractive index relative to frequency electromagnetic response curve as shown in figure 11.As shown in Figure 11, this Meta Materials its equivalent refractive index in this frequency range of 13.5-15GHz its equivalent refractive index basic is zero substantially, achieves zero refractive index.
The near field electromagnetic distributed simulation schematic diagram of the horn antenna as shown in Figure 1 that the Meta Materials base plate with above-mentioned parameter is formed and Figure 12 similar, feed adopts the intermediate frequency of 13.5-15GHz this frequency range.
Far field emulation schematic diagram and Figure 13 of the horn antenna as shown in Figure 1 that the Meta Materials base plate with above-mentioned parameter is formed are similar, the intermediate frequency of this frequency range of feed employing 13.5-15GHz.
Certainly, zero refractive index of other frequency range can also be realized by the above-mentioned multiple parameter changing Meta Materials base plate, to form the horn antenna of different frequency range.
In addition, as shown in Figures 4 to 6, present invention also offers the horn antenna of the second embodiment, be with the difference of the first embodiment, in this embodiment, as shown in Figure 4, loudspeaker LB is conical horn, and corresponding Meta Materials base plate 100 is the circular sheet shown in Fig. 5, and cylindrical shell 200 is then a cylindrical structure, cylindrical shell 200 can be socketed on loudspeaker opening, also can by glue and loudspeaker open butt joint.。
Similarly, Fig. 5 is the perspective view of the Meta Materials base plate of the present embodiment, namely suppose first substrate and second substrate transparent, man-made microstructure is opaque.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of its Meta Materials base plate of horn antenna of third embodiment of the invention, is with the difference of the first embodiment, and in the present embodiment, Meta Materials base plate is only made up of first substrate and man-made microstructure.
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of its Meta Materials base plate of horn antenna of fourth embodiment of the invention, is with the difference of the second embodiment, and in the present embodiment, Meta Materials base plate is only made up of first substrate and man-made microstructure.
In addition, in the above embodiment of the present invention, cylindrical shell 200 can be made up of the dielectric material of homogeneous, such as F4B composite material, FR-4 composite material or polystyrene (PS) etc.
Certainly, in the above embodiment of the present invention, cylindrical shell 200 also can be metal reflective coating, and the reflection of electromagnetic wave of part wide-angle can be penetrated by metal coating to Meta Materials base plate again.
Certainly, in the above embodiment of the present invention, cylindrical shell 200 can be also absorbing material, is used for absorbing the electromagnetic wave penetrated inside cylindrical shell.
Certainly, in the above embodiment of the present invention, cylindrical shell 200 also can be the Meta Materials identical with Meta Materials base plate 100 structure.Namely cylindrical shell is made up of substrate and multiple man-made microstructure be as shown in Figure 7 arranged on substrate.Substrate may also be single layer substrate, or the double layer substrate (man-made microstructure is in centre) in embodiment one.
By reference to the accompanying drawings embodiments of the invention are described above; but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment; above-mentioned embodiment is only schematic; instead of it is restrictive; those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; do not departing under the ambit that present inventive concept and claim protect, also can make a lot of form, these all belong within protection of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a horn antenna, it is characterized in that, comprise loudspeaker and Meta Materials sleeve, described Meta Materials sleeve comprises just to Meta Materials base plate and the cylindrical shell of loudspeaker opening, described cylindrical shell is arranged on loudspeaker opening, described Meta Materials base plate comprises first substrate and is attached to the multiple man-made microstructure on surface, first substrate side, described man-made microstructure is the silk thread be made up of electric conducting material, described man-made microstructure has the first crossing main line and the second main line, described first main line two ends are connected with two the first branch lines, described second main line two ends are connected with two the second branch lines, the two ends of the first branch line described in each bend to the inside and extend two the first broken lines, the two ends of the second branch line described in each bend to the inside and extend two the second broken lines,
Described first main line and the second main line are vertically divided equally mutually, described first main line is identical with the length of the second main line, described two the first leg length are identical, described first main line two ends are connected on the mid point of two the first branch lines, described two the second leg length are identical, described second main line two ends are connected on the mid point of two the second branch lines, and described first branch line is equal with the length of the second branch line;
The end of described first broken line is concordant with the first main line, and the end of described second broken line is concordant with the second main line.
2. horn antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that, formed by described first broken line and the first branch line, angle is θ 1, formed by described second broken line and the second branch line, angle is θ 2, and have,
θ 1=θ 2;θ 1≤45°。
3. horn antenna according to claim 2, is characterized in that, angle theta formed by described first broken line and the first branch line 1and angle theta formed by described second broken line and the second branch line 2be 45 degree.
4. horn antenna according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described man-made microstructure thickness is everywhere identical, and its thickness is H 2, 0.01mm≤H 2≤ 0.5mm;
Described man-made microstructure live width is everywhere identical, and its live width is W, 0.08mm≤W≤0.3mm;
The distance of described first broken line and the second broken line is d 1, 0.08mm≤d 1≤ 0.3mm;
Described first broken line and the second broken line isometric;
The end of described first broken line and the distance of the first main line are d 2, 0.08mm≤d 2≤ 0.3mm;
The end of described second broken line and the distance of the second main line are d 3, 0.08mm≤d 3≤ 0.3mm;
Further, WL is spaced apart, 0.08mm≤WL≤0.3mm between adjacent two man-made microstructure;
Distance between adjacent two man-made microstructure is L, 1mm≤L≤30mm.
5. horn antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described Meta Materials base plate also comprises the second substrate covered in multiple man-made microstructure.
6. horn antenna according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described first substrate is identical with second substrate thickness, and its thickness is H 1, 0.1mm≤H 1≤ 1mm.
7. horn antenna according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described first substrate is identical with the dielectric constant of second substrate, and its dielectric constant span is 2.5-2.8.
8. horn antenna according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described first substrate and second substrate are made up of ceramic material, F4B composite material, FR-4 composite material or polystyrene.
9. horn antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described man-made microstructure is made up of copper cash or silver-colored line, described man-made microstructure by etching, plating, bore quarters, photoetching, electronics carve or ion quarter method be attached on described first substrate.
10. horn antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described cylindrical shell has the structure identical with Meta Materials base plate.
CN201210173856.XA 2012-05-30 2012-05-30 Horn-shaped antenna Active CN102723603B (en)

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CN104425875A (en) * 2013-08-30 2015-03-18 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 Metamaterial antenna reinforcing device, antenna and antenna array
CN104733866A (en) * 2015-03-30 2015-06-24 东南大学 Packaging sandwich antenna for gap embedded phase position calibration
CN104733867A (en) * 2015-03-30 2015-06-24 东南大学 Three-dimensional package surface antenna with calibrated gap phase amplitude
CN104733864B (en) * 2015-03-30 2018-04-24 东南大学 Gap embeds the planar horn antenna of phase amplitude calibration
CN113690598B (en) * 2021-08-11 2022-11-25 电子科技大学 Biomedical telemetering implanted high-gain antenna based on near-zero refractive index metamaterial
CN113871895B (en) * 2021-09-03 2023-05-02 西安电子科技大学 Transparent wave absorber with groove type resonant layer and reticular floor

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