CN102764292A - 一种抑制心肌细胞凋亡的药物 - Google Patents
一种抑制心肌细胞凋亡的药物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102764292A CN102764292A CN2012102717414A CN201210271741A CN102764292A CN 102764292 A CN102764292 A CN 102764292A CN 2012102717414 A CN2012102717414 A CN 2012102717414A CN 201210271741 A CN201210271741 A CN 201210271741A CN 102764292 A CN102764292 A CN 102764292A
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种抑制心肌细胞凋亡的药物,该药物由有效成分和药学上可以接受的辅料组成,其特征在于所述的有效成分由以下组分组成:黄芪总皂苷提取物91-226重量份,当归挥发油3-15重量份;其中,所述的黄芪总皂苷提取物由黄芪根经水提、大孔吸附树脂和乙醇结晶得到。本发明所述的药物上调抑凋亡蛋白Bcl-2、Hsp-70的表达和抑制促凋亡蛋白Bax及细胞凋亡蛋白Caspase-3的表达的能力都强于单一的黄芪总皂苷和单一的当归挥发油,具有抑制脂质过氧化或心肌缺血所致的心肌细胞凋亡效果显著的优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种医用配置品,具体涉及一种含来自黄芪属与当归属植物的有效成分的药物制剂。
背景技术
在动脉粥样硬化、高血压、心肌病、心肌缺血-再灌注损伤等临床上常见的心血管疾病中,心肌细胞凋亡在其病理生理变化中起了重要的作用。活性氧簇(ROS)是细胞内有氧代谢产生的一组化学性质活泼的含氧功能集团的化合物,是内源性的氧化剂。ROS大量堆积可造成心肌细胞的凋亡和功能失调;增强的氧化应激反应可以促成心肌重构和心力衰竭的发病(XilinLong,Michael J Goldenthal,Jose Marin-Garcia.Oxidative stress enhances phosphorylation ofp53 in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes.Mol Cell Biochem,2007,303(1-2):167-174;Yo Koyama,Yasuchika Takeishi,Hiroki Takahashi,et al.Azelnidipine inhibits H2O2-induced cell death inneonatal rat cardiomyocytes.Cardiovasc Drugs Ther,2007,21(1):69-72)。
现已证实,心肌细胞在各种刺激因子的诱导下存在凋亡现象,缓解心肌细胞凋亡是减轻心肌缺血性损伤、保护心脏功能的重要途径。Bcl-2家族蛋白在细胞凋亡过程中起主要调节作用,包括抑凋亡蛋白:Bcl-2、Bcl-xL、Bcl-w、Mcl-1、A1/Bfl1、Boo和Ced-9等;促凋亡蛋白:Bax、Bak、Bok/Mtd、Bcl-xS、Bad、Bid、Bim、Bik和Egl-1等。细胞发生凋亡时,Bax、Bak可以构成跨线粒体外膜的孔,并导致膜电位的降低,使线粒体膜间隙的细胞色素C(Cytochrome C)通过电压依赖性阴离子通道(VDAC)外流。细胞色素C与Apaf-1和ATP及pro-caspase-9形成凋亡体复合物,并导致caspase-9的激活。在caspase-9被激活后,再作用于其下游的caspase-3酶原,活化caspase-3,最终诱导凋亡的发生。抑凋亡分子Bcl-2及Bcl-XL可以稳定线粒体膜电位,阻止线粒体上孔道的形成。
热休克蛋白(heat shock proteins,hsp)是细胞在应激情况下启动热休克基因而产生的一种结构高度保守的蛋白质,其中hsp27可以与Cytochrome C结合而阻止其与Apaf-1的结合(Garrido C,Bruey JM,Fromentin A,et al.HSP27 inhibits cytochrome c-dependent activation ofprocaspase-9.FASEB J,1999,13:2061-70;Bruey JM,Ducasse C,Bonniaud P,et al.Hsp27negatively regulates cell death by interacting with cytochrome C.Nat Cell Biol,2000,2(9):645-52);hsp-90可以与Apaf-1结合而阻止其与Cytochrome C的结合(Pandey P,SalehA,Nakazawa A,et al.Negative regulation of cytochrome c-mediated oligomerization of Apaf-1andactivation of procaspase-9 by heat shock protein 90.EMBO J,2000,19(16):4310-22);hsp70可阻止寡聚化的Apaf-1与pro-caspase-9的募集结合(Beere HM,Wolf BB,Cain K,etal.Heat-shock protein 70 inhibits apoptosis by preventing recruitment of procaspase-9 to the Apaf-1apoptosome.Nat Cell Biol,2000,2(8):469-75;Saleh A,Srinivasula SM,Balkir L,et al.Negativeregulation of the Apaf-1apoptosome by Hsp70.Nat Cell Biol,2000,2(8):476-83),还可以通过如下机制对心肌细胞发挥保护作用(Latchman D S.Heat shock proteins and cardiac protection.Cardiovasc Res,2001,51(4):637-646):(1)提高心肌细胞蛋白质的正确折叠或聚集能力,保持新合成蛋白分子的恰当构型,防止在正确的多聚体形成前新合成蛋白质的错误折叠或聚集。(2)促使受损心肌细胞、变性蛋白质的恢复或加速其降解和消除,能重新激活某些酶的作用,以维护细胞的功能和生存。(3)抑制心肌细胞凋亡。(4)保护心肌细胞肌动蛋白和细胞骨架。(5)增加心肌细胞一氧化氮合成。(6)允许心肌细胞新合成蛋白分子穿过细胞膜,陪伴蛋白分子在细胞内跨膜转运。
中药是中华民族的瑰宝,比如,黄芪总皂苷提取物和当归挥发油对心肌细胞损伤有一定的保护作用。其中,
黄芪总皂苷是黄芪的主要活性成分之一,包括黄芪皂苷Ⅰ~Ⅷ,乙酰基黄芪皂苷,异黄芪皂苷Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ等。黄芪总皂苷具有抑制异丙肾上腺素引起的心肌细胞钙超载,减少心肌细胞肌浆网的钙负荷,改善线粒体氧化磷酸化的功能,(Meng D,Chen XJ,Bian YY,etal.Effect of astragalosides on intracellular calcium overload in cultured cardiac myocytes ofneonatal rats.Am J Chin Med,2005,33(1):11-20);亦具有改善心肌的能量代谢、抑制脂质过氧化的作用(冯琳等,黄芪总皂苷对异丙肾上腺素致大鼠心肌损伤的保护作用,中国药学杂志,2006,41(17):1313-16),来保护异丙肾上腺素导致的心肌细胞损伤,抑制心肌细胞凋亡。
当归根油中性部分(当归挥发油包括酚性油-香荆芥酚,苯酚等,中性油-藁本内酯,a-蒎烯等,酸性油-樟脑酸,茴香酸等)对于垂体后叶素引起的家兔实验型心肌缺血有明显的保护作用,能显著降低T波抬高值及ST段位移位值(杨庆利等,当归挥发油的药理作用研究,兰州医学院学报,1986,(3):20-26),抑制心肌缺血所致的心肌细胞凋亡。
但是,含黄芪总皂苷或当归挥发油的药物抑制心肌细胞凋亡的效果尚不够理想。
发明内容:
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种抑制心肌细胞凋亡的药物,该药物可显著提高抑制心肌细胞凋亡的效果。
本发明解决上述问题的技术方案如下所述:
一种抑制心肌细胞凋亡的药物,该药物由有效成分和药学上可以接受的辅料组成,其特征在于所述的有效成分由以下组分组成:黄芪总皂苷提取物91-226重量份,当归挥发油3-15重量份;其中,所述的黄芪总皂苷提取物由黄芪根经水提、大孔吸附树脂和乙醇结晶得到。
上述技术方案中所述的黄芪总皂苷提取物可购于市售的产品,如,上海的阿拉丁试剂有限公司,也可以自行制备。如果自行制备,本发明人推荐按公开号为CN1425674A发明专利申请所述方案进行,其具体过程如下所述:
将黄芪根粉碎,在常压回流提取装置中,用水热回流提取两次以上;合并各部分的水提液,过滤,清液直接加入大孔吸附树脂柱上,以10倍以上体积的去离子蒸馏水洗脱糖类部分,再以5倍以上体积的0.05-0.5%的氢氧化钾、氢氧化钠或氢氧化钙水溶液进行洗脱,继以70-90%的乙醇洗脱黄芪皂苷,将洗脱液浓缩、离心,收集得到沉淀A部分,为高纯度的黄芪甲苷;向母液中加入乙醇至乙醇浓度为70-90%,离心,分得上清液,浓缩干燥后得到B部分;A部分和B部分混合即得。
上述技术方案中所述的当归挥发油可采用常规的提取方法,即在普通的挥发油提取器中水蒸馏提取得到,也可直接购买市售的产品,如,南京文森宝国际贸易有限公司生产的当归油,北京正生生物科技有限公司生产的当归挥发油,美国Sigma公司生产的Angelica root oil(当归根油)。
本发明所述的抑制心肌细胞凋亡药物可以制成本领域常用的剂型,如胶囊、片剂、颗粒剂、滴丸等。
本发明所述药物中的黄芪总皂苷提取物与当归挥发油具有显著的协同增效作用,其上调抑凋亡蛋白Bcl-2、Hsp-70的表达和抑制促凋亡蛋白Bax及细胞凋亡蛋白Caspase-3的表达的能力都强于单一的黄芪总皂苷和单一的当归挥发油,具有抑制脂质过氧化或心肌缺血所致的心肌细胞凋亡效果显著的优点。
以下通过药效试验来验证本发明所述药物所能达到的抑制心肌细胞凋亡的效果。
下述实验一、二、三中各实验组的所用药物及预处理情况如下:
1、正常对照组,不作处理。
2、模型组:150umol/LH2O2。
3、黄芪总皂苷组:取黄芪总皂苷提取物的制备例中例1的黄芪总皂苷提取物24mg,溶于1ml DMSO中,配成24mg/ml母液,实验使用时用无血清培养基稀释,使加药终浓度为114.4mg/l。
4、当归挥发油组:取美国Sigma公司生产的Angelica root oil 100mg,溶于1ml DMSO中,配成100mg/ml母液,实验使用时用无血清培养基稀释,使加药终浓度为9mg/l。
5、实验组1:取药物制剂制备例中例1片剂捣碎,加入1ml DMSO溶解,配成含黄芪总皂苷提取物91.5mg/ml、当归挥发油3mg/ml的母液,使用时以无血清培养基稀释1000倍,使加药终浓度为黄芪总皂苷提取物91.5mg/l、当归挥发油3mg/l。
6、实验组2:取药物制剂制备例中例2的滴丸以1ml DMSO溶解,配成含黄芪总皂苷提取物115mg/ml、当归挥发油9mg/ml的母液,使用时以无血清培养基稀释1000倍,使加药终浓度为黄芪总皂苷提取物115mg/l、当归挥发油9mg/l。
7、实验组3:取药物制剂制备例中例3的胶囊剂,取出内容物,溶于1mlDMSO溶液中,配成含黄芪总皂苷提取物225.2mg/ml、当归挥发油15mg/ml的母液,使用时以无血清培养基稀释1000倍,使加药终浓度为黄芪总皂苷提取物225.2mg/l、当归挥发油15mg/l。
实验一(心肌细胞凋亡率对比实验)
试验方法:
取20只1-3d SPF级大鼠,雌雄不论。在无菌条件下开胸取心脏,眼科剪剪成1mm3的组织块,用复合酶消化液(0.125%胰酶+0.1%Ⅰ型胶原酶)(GIBCO)37℃作用于心肌组织块8min进行消化,消化后上清用200目筛网过滤,然后加等量完全培养基(10%FBS+1%青链霉素)终止消化,如此重复8-10次,将得到的混合液离心,取得心肌细胞,用完全培养基悬浮心肌细胞沉淀后,种于培养瓶(corning)内,CO2培养箱(BB16UV/BB5060UV,Heraeus)培养90min,然后将含有心肌细胞的培养液种于96孔板(corning)内,于培养48h后换液,72h后换无血清培养基,同步24h后加药处理。实验分为7组:对照组、模型组、黄芪总皂苷组、当归挥发油组、实验组1、实验组2、实验组3,每组5个复孔。黄芪总皂苷组、当归挥发油组、实验组1、实验组2和实验组3分别加入对应的药物处理30min后与模型组一起加150μmol/LH2O2作用20h,对照组不作处理。然后在酶标仪(RT-2100C)上做MTT检测,490nm处测定OD值。上述7个实验组所测定的MTT OD值见下表1。
表1本发明药物对H2O2损伤心肌细胞存活率的作用(n=5)
表中,*表示黄芪总皂苷、实验组1~3与模型组相比,MTT OD值明显增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),Δ表示实验组1~3与黄芪总皂苷组相比,MTT OD值明显增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。
实验二(免疫组化检测Bax、Bcl-2、Caspase-3、Hsp-70蛋白的表达)
试验方法:
取20只1-3d乳大鼠,无菌条件下开胸取心脏,复合酶消化液(0.125%胰酶+0.1%Ⅰ型胶原酶)作用于心肌组织,取得心肌细胞。实验分为7组:对照组、模型组、黄芪总皂苷组、当归挥发油组、实验组1、实验组2、实验组3,每组3个复孔。细胞种于6孔板,培养72h后换无血清培养基同步24h,其中黄芪总皂苷组、当归挥发油组、实验组1、实验组2和实验组3加药30min后加150μmol/LH2O2作用20h,模型组加H2O2,对照组不处理。取出培养板,用PBS洗3遍,加入4%中性甲醛固定15min,PBS洗3次,每次2min,加3%H2O2孵育15min以清除内源性过氧化物酶,用PBS洗3次,每次2min,加正常山羊血清封闭液封闭20min,倾去勿洗,加1:100的Bax、Bcl-2、Caspase-3(兔抗,博奥森),Hsp-70(兔抗,博士德)一抗于4℃孵育过夜。用PBS洗3次,每次2min,加HRP标记的二抗(羊抗兔,博士德)(1:200)37℃孵育1h,PBS洗3次,每次2min,加DAB(博士德)显色7min,流水冲洗10min,烘干箱中35℃烘干,中性树脂封片。OLYMPUS倒置显微镜下观察、拍照。结果如图1所示。
由图1可知,Bax检测结果发现模型组高分散表达在线粒体,正常无血清组有少量表达,与模型组相比,黄芪总皂苷、实验组1、2、3表达明显减少,当归挥发油组表达较多;Bcl-2检测结果发现正常无血清组有适量表达,模型组较对照组表达稍多,与模型组相比,黄芪总皂苷、实验组1、2、3表达明显增多,当归挥发油组表达较少。Hsp-70检测发现正常组有适量表达,模型组明显减少,较模型组黄芪总皂苷组表达增多,当归挥发油组表达较少,实验组1、2、3表达明显增多;Caspase-3检测结果发现正常无血清组表达很少,模型组表达明显增多,较模型组黄芪总皂苷、实验组1、2、3表达明显减少,当归挥发油组表达较多。
实验三(免疫印迹法检测Bax、Bcl-2、Caspase-3、Hsp-70蛋白的表达)
试验方法:
取20只1-3d乳大鼠,无菌条件下开胸取心脏,复合酶消化液(0.125%胰酶+0.1%Ⅰ型胶原酶)作用于心肌组织,取得心肌细胞。实验分为7组:对照组、模型组、黄芪总皂苷组、当归挥发油组、实验组1、实验组2、实验组3。细胞种于培养瓶内,培养72h后,换无血清培养基同步24h,其中黄芪总皂苷组、当归挥发油组、实验组1、实验组2和实验组3加药处理30min后加150μmol/LH2O2作用20h,模型组加H2O2,对照组不作处理。然后用PBS洗3遍,加入1ml细胞裂解液和10μl PMSF(10mg/ml),4℃冰箱裂解30min,移液枪吸出裂解液至1.5ml离心管中,10000rpm、30min离心,上清即为提取总蛋白。取等量的总蛋白(100μg),加入5μl的5×loading buffer,混匀后于100℃水浴中煮沸5min使蛋白变性,然后按每孔25μg样品分别加到凝胶各孔中,于电泳槽内外注入电泳液,先以80V电压将样品压缩至浓缩胶与分离胶交界处,再改为120V电压泳至溴酚蓝到达分离胶底部。将SDS-PAGE所得的电泳凝胶,使用Western转膜液于100V下转膜1h,将蛋白从电泳凝胶中转移到PVDF膜上。将含有转移蛋白的PVDF膜浸于10%脱脂奶粉中于室温封闭2h,用TBST洗膜三次,每次5min,然后与1:500的Bax、Bcl-2、Caspase-3(兔抗,博士德),Hsp-70(兔抗,博奥森)一抗于4℃孵育过夜。用TBST洗膜三次,每次5min,加入HRP标记的1:1000二抗(羊抗兔,博士德),置于室温下孵育1h,以TBST洗膜三次,每次5min,用ECL荧光底物(Pierce公司,货号:37071)A液和B液各1ml,混匀后,与PVDF膜作用3-5min,于暗房内将底片与PVDF膜一起放入压片夹中约1min,依次显影、定影,观察蛋白的表达。显影后的底片经扫描仪(佳能LiDE110)扫描后,对各蛋白条带进行分析。结果如图2所示。
由图2可知,模型组Bax、Caspase-3表达明显增多,Hsp-70、Bcl-2有适量表达;黄芪总皂苷组明显促进Hsp-70、Bcl-2的表达,降低Bax、Caspase-3表达;实验组1、2、3促进Hsp-70、Bcl-2的表达,降低Bax、Caspase-3表达比黄芪总皂苷组更明显。
附图说明:
图1为Hsp-70免疫组化、Caspase-3免疫组化、Bcl-2免疫组化和Bax免疫组化检测结果的OLYMPUS倒置显微镜拍摄的图片,每一组图片中,A图为正常对照组;B图为模型组;C图为黄芪总皂苷组;D图为当归挥发油组;E图为实验组1;F图为实验组2;G.图为实验组3。
图2为佳能LiDE110扫描仪扫描的免疫印迹(Western blotting)图,图中,编号1为正常对照组;编号2为模型组;编号3为黄芪总皂苷组;编号4为当归挥发油组;编号5为实验组1;编号6为实验组2;编号7为实验组3。
具体实施方式:
一、黄芪总皂苷提取物的制备例
例1
1、黄芪总皂苷提取物的制备:
将黄芪根10kg粉碎后,在加热回流提取罐中用水回流提取三次。合并提取液,加入到D101大孔吸附树脂柱上,以90L去离子蒸馏水洗脱糖类,再以50L 0.1%的氢氧化钾水溶液进行洗脱,继以25L 80%的乙醇洗脱黄芪皂苷,将洗脱液浓缩、离心,得到沉淀A部分5.754g;向离心的上清液中加入乙醇至乙醇浓度为70%,离心,分得上清液,浓缩干燥后得到B部分;A部分和B部分混合后得到黄芪总皂苷提取物9.036g。
2、黄芪总皂苷提取物中黄芪总皂苷含量的测定:
对照品溶液的制备:精密称取经五氧化二磷干燥至恒重的黄芪甲苷对照品4.3mg,加甲醇溶解定容至10ml,制成每毫升含黄芪甲苷0.43mg的溶液。
供试品溶液的制备:取得到黄芪总皂苷提取物适量,粉碎成粗粉,用甲醇溶解并定容至10ml。
精密移取对照品溶液0,100,200,300,400,500,600μl,分别加入7支干燥具塞试管中,水浴挥干溶剂,各加入新鲜配制的50ml/L香草醛冰醋酸溶液0.2ml,高氯酸0.8ml,于60℃恒温水浴加热15min,取出,流水冷却2min,加冰醋酸5ml,摇匀,随行试剂空白,照分光光度法试验,在560nm波长处测定吸收度。以吸收度为纵坐标,黄芪甲苷微克数为横坐标,绘制标准曲线,线性方程为:y=0.0050x-0.0529,r=0.9996,结果表明,黄芪甲苷在43~258μg范围内线性关系良好。
精密吸取供试品溶液20μl,加入干燥的具塞试管中,水浴挥干溶剂,加入新鲜配制的50ml/L香草醛冰醋酸溶液0.2ml,高氯酸0.8ml,于60℃恒温水浴加热15min,取出,流水冷却2min,加冰醋酸5ml,摇匀,随行试剂为空白,于560nm波长处测定吸收度,将所测定吸的收度值代入方程y=0.0050x-0.0529,算得黄芪总皂苷提取物中黄芪总皂苷的含量为87.45%。
例2
将黄芪根10kg粉碎后,在加热回流提取罐中用水回流提取三次。合并提取液,加入到AB-8大孔吸附树脂柱上,以100L去离子蒸馏水洗脱糖类,再以50L 0.1%的氢氧化钠水溶液进行洗脱,继以25L 75%的乙醇洗脱黄芪皂苷,将洗脱液浓缩、离心,得到沉淀A部分5.435g;向离心的上清液中加入乙醇至乙醇浓度为70%,离心,分得上清液,浓缩干燥后得到B部分;A部分和B部分混合后得到黄芪总皂苷提取物8.637g。采用例1同样的方法,测得黄芪总皂苷提取物中黄芪总皂苷的含量为86.97%。
例3
将黄芪根10kg粉碎后,在加热回流提取罐中用水回流提取两次。合并提取液,加入到ZTC-1大孔吸附树脂柱上,以110L去离子蒸馏水洗脱糖类,再以50L 0.1%的氢氧化钠水溶液进行洗脱,继以25L 80%的乙醇洗脱黄芪皂苷,将洗脱液浓缩、离心,得到沉淀A部分5.872g;向离心的上清液中加入乙醇至乙醇浓度为80%,离心,分得上清液,浓缩干燥后得到B部分;A部分和B部分混合后得到黄芪总皂苷9.263g。采用例1同样的方法,测得黄芪总皂苷提取物中黄芪总皂苷的含量为88.82%。
二、药物制剂制备例
例1(片剂)
取上述黄芪总皂苷提取物的制备例中例1的黄芪总皂苷提取物91.5g、美国Sigma公司生产的当归根油3g,药用淀粉500g,混合均匀,用适量乙醇制粒,经整粒机整粒,压片,制成1000片。每片含黄芪总皂苷提取物91.5mg、当归挥发油3mg,口服,每次2-3片,每日两次。
例2(滴丸)
称取300g聚乙二醇4000,在水浴上熔化,加入南京文森宝国际贸易有限公司生产的当归油9g、上述黄芪总皂苷提取物的制备例中例2的黄芪总皂苷提取物115g,搅拌均匀,倾入保温管中,调节恒温装置,使药液在80-90℃下滴入冷却过的液体石蜡中(温度±4℃),滴完后,将药丸倾入滤纸上吸干石蜡油,再加入少量滑石粉,混匀,得滴丸1000粒。每粒含黄芪总皂苷提取物115mg、当归挥发油9mg。口服,一次1-2粒,一日三次,饭后服用。
例3(胶囊剂)
取上述黄芪总皂苷提取物的制备例中例3的黄芪总皂苷提取物225.2g,北京正生生物科技有限公司生产的当归挥发油15g,淀粉2500g,将淀粉先进行干燥,过120目筛,然后与当黄芪总皂苷提取物、归挥发油混合均匀,过两次120目筛,充分混匀,共制成1000颗胶囊,每粒内含黄芪总皂苷225.2mg、当归挥发油15毫克。口服,每日2-3次,每次1-2粒。
例4(颗粒剂)
取上述黄芪总皂苷提取物的制备例中例3的黄芪总皂苷提取物112.6g、美国Sigma公司生产的当归根油3g,淀粉1000g,糖粉400g,混合均匀,用适量乙醇制粒,干燥、整粒、分装即得,制成300袋,每袋5g,每袋含黄芪总皂苷提取物0.37g、当归挥发油0.01g。口服,一次一袋,一日两次。
例5(软胶囊)
将明胶300g和琼脂300g置于化胶罐中,加1000g去离子水配成胶液后,加入上述黄芪总皂苷提取物的制备例中例3的黄芪总皂苷提取物450g、北京正生生物科技有限公司生产的当归挥发油30g,用RJNJ22软胶囊机压制成软胶囊,制成4000粒,控制每粒丸重0.5g,内含黄芪总皂苷提取物110mg,当归挥发油7.5mg。口服,每日2-3次,每次1-2粒。
Claims (5)
1.一种抑制心肌细胞凋亡的药物,该中药制剂由有效成分和药学上可以接受的辅料组成,其特征在于所述的有效成分由以下组分组成:黄芪总皂苷提取物91-226重量份,当归挥发油3-15重量份;其中,所述的黄芪总皂苷提取物由以下方法制备得到:
将黄芪根粉碎,在常压回流提取装置中,用水热回流提取两次以上;合并各部分的水提液,过滤,清液直接加入大孔吸附树脂柱上,以10倍以上体积的去离子蒸馏水洗脱糖类部分,再以5倍以上体积的0.05-0.5%的氢氧化钾、氢氧化钠或氢氧化钙水溶液进行洗脱,继以70-90%的乙醇洗脱黄芪皂苷,将洗脱液浓缩、离心,收集得到沉淀A部分,为高纯度的黄芪甲苷;向母液中加入乙醇至乙醇浓度为70-90%,离心,分得上清液,浓缩干燥后得到B部分;A部分和B部分混合即可。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种抑制心肌细胞凋亡的药物,其特征在于,所述的药物为片剂、胶囊剂、软胶囊、颗粒剂或滴丸。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种抑制心肌细胞凋亡的药物,其特征在于,所述的药物为片剂,该片剂每1000片有效成分由黄芪总皂苷提取物91.5g和当归挥发油3g组成。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种抑制心肌细胞凋亡的药物,其特征在于,所述的药物为滴丸,该滴丸每1000粒有效成分由黄芪总皂苷提取物115g和当归挥发油9g组成。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种抑制心肌细胞凋亡的药物,其特征在于,所述的药物为胶囊剂,该胶囊剂每1000颗有效成分由黄芪总皂苷提取物225.2g和当归挥发油15g组成。
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