CN102758423A - Water-permeable fishway - Google Patents
Water-permeable fishway Download PDFInfo
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- CN102758423A CN102758423A CN2012102645295A CN201210264529A CN102758423A CN 102758423 A CN102758423 A CN 102758423A CN 2012102645295 A CN2012102645295 A CN 2012102645295A CN 201210264529 A CN201210264529 A CN 201210264529A CN 102758423 A CN102758423 A CN 102758423A
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- dividing plate
- fish pass
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/60—Ecological corridors or buffer zones
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of catadromous fish cross-dam protection, and in particular relates to a water-permeable fishway applied to an environment with a larger water head difference and a larger slope. The water-permeable fishway comprises a fishway pool chamber, a plurality of partition plates arranged on one inside wall of the fishway pool chamber, and a plurality of water diversion vertical walls on the other inside wall of the fishway pool chamber, wherein a certain distance is reserved between every two partition plates; the water diversion vertical walls and the partition plates are arranged in a staggered manner; fish through holes or seams are formed between the water diversion vertical walls and the partition plates which correspond to one another; water-permeable holes or seams are formed on the partition plates; and water can permeate through the water-permeable holes or seams, but fish cannot pass through the water-permeable holes or seams. According to the water-permeable fishway disclosed by the invention, the energy dissipation effect is improved by 10-20% in comparison with the traditional partition plates, so that the problem that the fishway cannot be adapted to the environment with the larger water head difference, the larger slope and a bad flow condition is solved, therefore the slope of the bottom slope of the fishway is increased, the length of the fishway is shortened, and the project investment is lowered.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to migration fishes and cross resist technology field, dam, relate to a kind of fish pass, a kind ofly specifically be applicable to that head difference is big, the steeper dankness type fish pass of the gradient.
Background technology
Fish pass is provided in a side of the passage that migration property aquatic organism ability adverse current or following current are passed through in the rivers fixed buildings (like dam).Fish pass is divided into ecosystem formula fish pass, slot type fish pass, special construction pattern fish pass, pond cell-type fish pass (claiming the iris type fish pass again) by its structural shape at present.Ecosystem formula fish pass is very near the situation of natural river course, and main prolongation flow path and the increase roughness of relying on comes energy dissipating, is particularly suitable for the lower hinge of low weir or head and adopts; The slot type fish pass mainly through at cell wall and very close all kinds of baffle-walls and the whetstone bank of bottom land arrangement pitch, disappears and kills energy, lowers flow velocity, and its advantage is that size is little, and the gradient is steep, and it is very fast to cross fish speed, but the type fish pass flow turbulence is violent, and it is little to be suitable for head difference; Special construction pattern fish pass has the particular structure pattern, is merely those aquatic organisms (like elver, young crab etc.) that can creep, can adhere to, be good at passing through the thick grass slit usually and traces back and establish; Pond cell-type fish pass utilizes dividing plate water cushion, current to liquidate, spread and comes energy dissipating along the journey frictional resistance; Creation is suitable for the fluidised form that fish are traced back; Its advantage is that flow condition is controlled easily, and is simple in structure, easy to maintenance; Can adapt to higher relatively head, therefore be to use maximum fish pass patterns at present both at home and abroad.
Shape, position and mechanism of energy dissipation that pond cell-type fish pass is pressed the dividing plate fish pass are different, can be divided into the overflow weir formula, flood the aperture formula, four kinds of perps formula and combined types.Wherein perps formula effect of energy dissipation is more abundant, and external this form adopts more, but its fluidised form is complicated.
Therefore, how to improve fish pass dividing plate pattern, make that fish pass adapts to bigger head difference, more steep gradient has better flow condition again, become the problem that design and scientific research and testing personnel pay special attention to.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, overcomes the shortcoming of prior art, and a kind of dankness type fish pass is provided, and can improve the effect of energy dissipation of fish pass dividing plate, can make fish pass adapt to big head difference and than steep gradient, shorten then fish pass length with, reduce construction cost.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves above technical problem is:
A kind of dankness type fish pass comprises chamber, fish pass pond, also comprises the polylith dividing plate that is arranged on the indoor sidewall in fish pass pond; Keep at a certain distance away between each piece dividing plate, be arranged on the polylith water conservancy diversion straight wall on the indoor sidewall in fish pass pond, keep at a certain distance away between each piece water conservancy diversion straight wall; Every water conservancy diversion straight wall all is adjacent a dividing plate and is group to arranging, form fish pass between each piece water conservancy diversion straight wall and its paired dividing plate, dividing plate is provided with permeable perforation or seam; Permeable perforation or seam can be permeable, but can not pass through fish.
Water body part current from chamber, higher level's fish pass pond shrink through fish pass and diffusion dissipation entering chamber, subordinate fish pass pond; Another part current get into chamber, subordinate fish pass pond through the permeable perforation on the dividing plate or after stitching energy dissipating; Current indoor energy dissipating that liquidates mutually through fish pass and permeable perforation or seam in the fish pass pond; Migration fishes can only pass through the fish pass up-downgoing, can not or sew on descending through tiny permeable perforation on the dividing plate.
Like this, the present invention has increased dankness type dividing plate dissipating functions at traditional tank formula fish pass dividing plate on through energy dissipating mode bases such as perps, apertures, adopt can make behind the present invention fish pass adapt to big head difference, than steep gradient, shorten fish pass length then, reduce investment.
The technical scheme that the present invention further limits is:
Aforesaid dankness type fish pass, dividing plate are individual layer, bilayer or two-layer above structure.
Aforesaid dankness type fish pass, dividing plate are double-decker, have clearance space between the two-layer dividing plate, and two-layer dividing plate one end connects, and the other end is fixed on one inside wall of chamber, said fish pass pond, forms three-back-shaped structure, all is provided with permeable perforation or seam on the two-layer dividing plate.
In a cavity, get into chamber, next stage pond through second layer porous disc again after the local diffusion behind the first floor porous disc on the current process dividing plate of chamber, a last pond; All be furnished with permeable hole or seam on the porous disc of dividing plate two sides; The effluenting in the dividing plate cavity, to produce to revolve of permeable permeable hole of upstream face first floor or seam rolled; Dissipation part flow energy, through two-layer porous disc, the dividing plate effect of energy dissipation is more excellent.
Aforesaid dankness type fish pass, dividing plate are two-layer above structure, have clearance space between the adjacent two layers dividing plate; Each layer dividing plate one end connects; The other end is fixed on one inside wall of chamber, said fish pass pond, and the adjacent two layers dividing plate forms three-back-shaped structure, all is provided with permeable perforation or seam on each layer dividing plate.
Aforesaid dankness type fish pass, dividing plate interlaced arrangement are at the inside wall and the inside wall of chamber, pond, and the water conservancy diversion straight wall is arranged in dividing plate offside inside wall, and the water conservancy diversion straight wall is distributed between two adjacent dividing plates.
Aforesaid dankness type fish pass, baffle arrangement are on an inside wall of chamber, fish pass pond, and the water conservancy diversion straight wall is arranged on another inside wall of chamber, fish pass pond, and each water conservancy diversion straight wall and each piece dividing plate shift to install.
Aforesaid dankness type fish pass, permeable perforation or be sewn on dividing plate and be array or irregular random arrangement.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
⑴ the permeable dividing plate that be provided with on chamber, fish pass pond becomes many steps with the gross head difference of upstream and downstream; Utilize method such as liquidate mutually between contraction, diffusion and the hole seam current and the permeable dividing plate current of current to come energy dissipating; Current effect of energy dissipation between last lower storage reservoir chamber is abundant; The indoor flow-shape in pond is more suitable for tracing back in fish, and it is better that fish pass is crossed the fish effect;
⑵ with respect to chamber, conventional baffle pond, and chamber, pond of the present invention does not have excessive and violent whirlpool, and the better (see figure 6) of flow condition more helps the upwards preservation of straddling fish stocks muscle power;
⑶ dankness type dividing plate improves 10%～20% than the waterproof formula dividing plate of conventional version effect of energy dissipation, and therefore under the identical Peak Flow Rate of fish pass pond formula, the fish pass base slope can increase by 10～20%, reduces construction investment thereby can shorten fish pass length.
In the fish pass design, how to improve dividing plate energy dissipating efficient is a difficult problem always, and its direct relation has been the investment of fish rate and engineering; The present invention not only can effectively increase the fish pass effect of energy dissipation, improves the fish pass base slope, reduces fish pass length; Reduce construction investment; And the indoor flow condition in fish pass pond is better, and more favourable straddling fish stocks pass through, and have good application prospects.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure schematic top plan view of the embodiment of the invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the elevation of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the structure schematic top plan view of the embodiment of the invention 2
Fig. 4 is the structure schematic top plan view of the embodiment of the invention 3
Fig. 5 is for adopting chamber, traditional fish pass pond current sketch map.
Fig. 6 is chamber, a fish pass of the present invention pond current sketch map.
The specific embodiment
Present embodiment is a kind of dankness type fish pass, and structure is as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, comprises chamber, fish pass pond 1; Be arranged on the polylith dividing plate 2 on 1 one inside walls 6 of chamber, fish pass pond; Keep at a certain distance away between each piece dividing plate 2, be arranged on the polylith water conservancy diversion straight wall 3 on 1 another inside wall 7 of chamber, fish pass pond, each piece water conservancy diversion straight wall 3 shifts to install with dividing plate 2; Form fish pass 4 between corresponding each piece water conservancy diversion straight wall 3 and the dividing plate 2, dividing plate 2 is provided with permeable perforation or stitches 5.Permeable perforation or stitch 5 and be arranged in array at dividing plate 2.Permeable perforation or stitch 5 can be permeable, but can not pass through fish.Dividing plate 2 parts are permeable or permeable fully.
Water body part current from chamber, higher level's fish pass pond shrink through fish pass 4 and diffusion dissipation entering chamber, subordinate fish pass pond; Another part current get into chamber, subordinate fish pass pond through the permeable perforation on the dividing plate 2 or after stitching 5 energy dissipatings; Through fish pass 4 and permeable perforation or stitch the energy dissipating that in chamber, fish pass pond 1, liquidates mutually of 5 current; Migration fishes can only pass through fish pass 4 up-downgoings, can not or stitch 5 up-downgoings through tiny permeable perforation on the dividing plate 2.Present embodiment can be through the fish pass 4 of flowing through current and permeable perforation or stitch 5 current and liquidate, and permeable perforation or stitch to liquidate between 5 current that flow out and reach the purpose that improves energy dissipating.Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 are respectively the current sketch map that adopts chamber, pond and chamber, pond of the present invention; By seeing among the figure, dividing plate of the present invention has improved crosses lymphogranuloma inguinale and chamber, pond flow condition, crosses the lymphogranuloma inguinale flow rate of water flow and reduces; Make fish needn't consume many-body force, thereby improved the fish efficient excessively of fish pass through out-of-date.
Present embodiment is a kind of dankness type fish pass, and structure is as shown in Figure 3, comprises chamber, fish pass pond 1; Be arranged on the polylith dividing plate 2 on 1 one inside walls 6 of chamber, fish pass pond, keep at a certain distance away between each piece dividing plate 2, be arranged on the polylith water conservancy diversion straight wall 3 on 1 another inside wall 7 of chamber, fish pass pond; Each piece water conservancy diversion straight wall 3 shifts to install with dividing plate 2, forms fish pass 4 between corresponding each piece water conservancy diversion straight wall 3 and the dividing plate 2, and dividing plate 2 is a double-decker; Form double-deck permeable structure, have clearance space between the two-layer dividing plate, two-layer dividing plate one end connects; The other end is fixed on 1 one inside walls of chamber, said fish pass pond, forms three-back-shaped structure, all is provided with permeable perforation on the two-layer dividing plate or stitches 5.Permeable perforation or stitch 5 and be arranged in array at dividing plate 2.Dividing plate 2 parts are permeable or permeable fully.
In a cavity, get into chamber, next stage pond through second layer porous disc again after the local diffusion behind the first floor porous disc on chamber, the pond current process dividing plate 2 on the present embodiment, all be furnished with permeable perforation on the dividing plate 2 two sides porous discs or stitch 5 (elevation is identical with Fig. 2).Embodiment 2 not only has the advantage mutually with embodiment 1, and the effluenting in the dividing plate cavity, to produce to revolve and roll of upstream face first floor permeable hole or seam, dissipation part flow energy, and also through two-layer porous disc, the dividing plate effect of energy dissipation is more excellent.
Present embodiment is a kind of dankness type fish pass; Present embodiment is on the basis of embodiment 1, to change, and structure is as shown in Figure 4, and the difference of present embodiment and embodiment 1 is; Present embodiment dankness type fish pass dividing plate 2 interlaced arrangement are at the inside wall 6 and inside wall 7 of chamber, pond 1; Water conservancy diversion straight wall 3 is arranged in dividing plate 2 offside inside walls, and water conservancy diversion straight wall 3 is distributed between two adjacent dividing plates 2 formation fish pass 4 between the dividing plate 2 that each water conservancy diversion straight wall 3 is adjacent.
Present embodiment is a kind of dankness type fish pass; Present embodiment is on the basis of embodiment 2, to change; The difference of present embodiment and embodiment 2 is; The dividing plate 2 of present embodiment and water conservancy diversion straight wall 3 all are arranged on inside wall 6 or 7 of chamber, fish pass pond 1, and each water conservancy diversion straight wall 3 is distributed between two adjacent dividing plates 2, forms fish pass 4 between the dividing plate 2 that each water conservancy diversion straight wall 3 is adjacent.
Except that the foregoing description, the present invention can also have other embodiments.All employings are equal to the technical scheme of replacement or equivalent transformation formation, all drop on the protection domain of requirement of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a dankness type fish pass comprises chamber, fish pass pond (1), it is characterized in that: also comprise the polylith dividing plate (2) that is arranged on the inside wall of chamber, fish pass pond (1); Keep at a certain distance away between each piece dividing plate (2); Be arranged on the polylith water conservancy diversion straight wall (3) on the inside wall of chamber, fish pass pond (1), keep at a certain distance away between each piece water conservancy diversion straight wall (3), every water conservancy diversion straight wall (3) all is adjacent a dividing plate (2) and is group to arranging; Form fish pass (4) between each piece water conservancy diversion straight wall (3) and its paired dividing plate (2); Said dividing plate (2) is provided with permeable perforation or seam (5), and said permeable perforation or seam (5) can be permeable, but can not pass through fish.
2. dankness type fish pass as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: said dividing plate (2) is individual layer, bilayer or two-layer above structure.
3. dankness type fish pass as claimed in claim 2; It is characterized in that: said dividing plate (2) is a double-decker; Have clearance space between the two-layer dividing plate, two-layer dividing plate one end connects, and the other end is fixed on (1) one inside wall of chamber, said fish pass pond; Form three-back-shaped structure, all be provided with permeable perforation or seam (5) on the two-layer dividing plate.
4. dankness type fish pass as claimed in claim 2; It is characterized in that: said dividing plate (2) is two-layer above structure; Have clearance space between the adjacent two layers dividing plate, each layer dividing plate one end connects, and the other end is fixed on (1) one inside wall of chamber, said fish pass pond; The adjacent two layers dividing plate forms three-back-shaped structure, all is provided with permeable perforation or seam (5) on each layer dividing plate.
5. like the described dankness type fish pass of arbitrary claim among the claim 1-4; It is characterized in that: said dividing plate (2) interlaced arrangement is at the inside wall (6) and the inside wall (7) of chamber, pond (1); Water conservancy diversion straight wall (3) is arranged in dividing plate (2) offside inside wall, and water conservancy diversion straight wall (3) is distributed between adjacent two dividing plates (2).
6. like the described dankness type fish pass of arbitrary claim among the claim 1-4; It is characterized in that: said dividing plate (2) is arranged on the inside wall (6) of Dao Chi chamber (1); Said water conservancy diversion straight wall (3) is arranged on another inside wall (7) of Dao Chi chamber (1), and each water conservancy diversion straight wall (3) shifts to install with each piece dividing plate (2).
7. like the described dankness type fish pass of arbitrary claim among the claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: said permeable perforation or seam (5) are array or irregular random arrangement at dividing plate (2).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012102645295A CN102758423A (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2012-07-27 | Water-permeable fishway |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012102645295A CN102758423A (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2012-07-27 | Water-permeable fishway |
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| CN102758423A true CN102758423A (en) | 2012-10-31 |
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| CN2012102645295A Pending CN102758423A (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2012-07-27 | Water-permeable fishway |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103806419A (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2014-05-21 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Rectification pool type fishway and flow state control method |
| CN104018473A (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2014-09-03 | 河海大学 | Double-axis adjustable vertical seam type fish way and operation method thereof |
| CN104480913A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-04-01 | 河海大学 | Ecological fish way with staggered spacer block structures |
| CN105908685A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-08-31 | 河海大学 | Double-side vertical slot type fishway with high energy dissipation and suitable for bidirectional water flow |
| CN108708356A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-10-26 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | A kind of hole side water-permeable fishway import water charging system setting water blocking pier |
| CN115852910A (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-03-28 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Modular fish slope structure, design method and construction method thereof |
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| CN202745020U (en) * | 2012-07-27 | 2013-02-20 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Water-pervious fish pass used for migration fish dam-passing protection |
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| JP2000233194A (en) * | 1999-02-15 | 2000-08-29 | Toyo Tire & Rubber Co Ltd | Cleaning apparatus for water channel |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103806419A (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2014-05-21 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Rectification pool type fishway and flow state control method |
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| CN104018473A (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2014-09-03 | 河海大学 | Double-axis adjustable vertical seam type fish way and operation method thereof |
| CN104018473B (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2015-11-18 | 河海大学 | Twin shaft adjustable vertical seam type fish channel and operation method thereof |
| CN104480913A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-04-01 | 河海大学 | Ecological fish way with staggered spacer block structures |
| CN105908685A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-08-31 | 河海大学 | Double-side vertical slot type fishway with high energy dissipation and suitable for bidirectional water flow |
| CN108708356A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-10-26 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | A kind of hole side water-permeable fishway import water charging system setting water blocking pier |
| CN115852910A (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-03-28 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Modular fish slope structure, design method and construction method thereof |
| CN115852910B (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2024-05-10 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Modularized fish slope structure, design method and construction method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20121031 |