CN102749676B - Cross waveguide based on linear tapered multimode interference principle - Google Patents
Cross waveguide based on linear tapered multimode interference principle Download PDFInfo
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- CN102749676B CN102749676B CN201210202023.1A CN201210202023A CN102749676B CN 102749676 B CN102749676 B CN 102749676B CN 201210202023 A CN201210202023 A CN 201210202023A CN 102749676 B CN102749676 B CN 102749676B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cross waveguide based on a linear tapered multimode interference principle. The cross waveguide comprises a vertical portion and a horizontal portion, each of the vertical portion and the horizontal portion is composed of a front straight waveguide area, a front tapered waveguide area, a tapered multimode interference area, a rear tapered waveguide area and a rear straight waveguide area which are sequentially connected, the horizontal portion and the vertical portion are perpendicularly crossed, and a crossed area is located in the tapered multimode interference area. The cross waveguide based on the linear tapered multimode interference principle has the advantage of being low in loss and crosstalk and small in size.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to optical communication technique field, in the optical device that contains right-angled intersection waveguiding structure, as the micro-ring resonant wave filter and the micro-ring resonant wavelength division multiplexer etc. that contain right-angled intersection waveguiding structure.
Technical background
Silicon-based nano waveguide is one of important materials of manufacturing integration type optic communication device, the refringence of its waveguide core district and covering is very large, therefore be conducive to constrain light in core district, the size of waveguide can be made very littlely, more adapts to the superintegrated requirement of large-scale integrated light path.And owing to adopting silica-based waveguides, with the COMS process compatible of current standard.Optical waveguide is basic photonic interconnections device.For the waveguide of sub-micron rank silicon-based nano, its loss is very little, is approximately 1.7dB/cm, but when two waveguides intersect mutually, while forming the waveguide of right-angled intersection framework, because scattering of light meeting in cross architecture brings extra loss.For the waveguide of traditional plane cross decussate texture, we must consider its insertion loss and crosstalk.Particularly for high-index material as SOI(Silicon On Insulator), insertion loss and crosstalk very seriously, the performance that this has not only affected right-angled intersection waveguide, has also restricted its application in optical device field.Therefore, develop and there is low insertion loss and low right-angled intersection waveguide of crosstalking is the actual demand of application, have very important significance.In recent years, some researcher is studied right-angled intersection waveguide, particularly the method that reduces the insertion loss of right-angled intersection waveguide and crosstalk is studied.For example adopt the waveguide of the vertical stratification of multilayer can well reduce the insertion loss of introducing due to right-angled intersection and the (Hatakeyama that crosstalks, Loss-less multilevelcrossing of busline waveguide in vertically coupled microring resonatorfilter, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2004,16 (2): 473-475), but the many of complexity are wanted in the manufacture craft opposite planar waveguide of multilayer vertical stratification waveguide, not only make difficulty and cost high.In addition, in order to reduce the insertion loss of being introduced by criss-cross construction and to crosstalk, the interference by multiple-mode interfence MMI(multimode has been proposed) for right-angled intersection waveguide, existing scheme has the right-angled intersection waveguiding structure (Chen based on rectangle multimode interference principle, H.and A.W.Poon, Low-loss multimode-interference-basedcrossings for silicon wire waveguides, IEEE Photonics TechnologyLetters, 2006, 18 (21): 2260-2262), right-angled intersection waveguiding structure (Fukazawa based on oval multimode interference principle, T., et al., Low loss intersection of Si photonic wirewaveguides, Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 2004, 43 (2): 646-647).Crosstalk although these schemes can reduce scattering loss and the inhibition of right-angled intersection waveguiding structure, criss-cross construction length is all greater than 10 microns, is unfavorable for that the monolithic of large-scale integrated light path is integrated.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome, the insertion loss of right-angled intersection waveguiding structure in prior art is large, the serious problem of crosstalking, and physical dimension is large and make difficult deficiency, the right-angled intersection waveguide based on linear taper multimode interference principle that the present invention has provided a kind of low-loss, lowly crosstalks, size is little.
For the technical scheme providing is provided be:
A kind of right-angled intersection waveguide based on linear taper multimode interference principle, described right-angled intersection waveguide comprises vertical portion and lateral part, vertical portion forms by the front straight wave guide region being connected successively, front taper waveguide region, taper multiple-mode interfence region, rear tapered transmission line region and rear straight wave guide region with lateral part, described lateral part and vertical portion square crossing, and intersection region is in taper multiple-mode interfence region.
Further, the one end in the front straight wave guide region of described vertical portion or lateral part is light input end mouth, light successively through front taper waveguide region, taper multiple-mode interfence region, after tapered transmission line region and after straight wave guide region, the one end in described rear straight wave guide region is optical output port.
Further again, described front straight wave guide region, front taper waveguide region, taper multiple-mode interfence region, rear tapered transmission line region and rear straight wave guide region all adopt SOI material, wherein, the refractive index of silicon and silicon dioxide is respectively 3.48 and 1.46, and the refringence of waveguide core district and covering is 2.02.
Technical conceive of the present invention is: the pattern of input light changes in a kind of right-angled intersection waveguiding structure based on linear taper multimode interference principle of the present invention.The input light of single mode is single mode at straight wave guide and tapered transmission line region, but enter into taper multiple-mode interfence region and can occur successively multimode, single mode and multimode situation, and multimode is symmetrical, then entering into tapered transmission line region becomes again single mode, finally with single-mode output.It should be noted that in right-angled intersection center and occur single mode situation.The cross waveguide of linear taper is the reflection certainly from input plane Dao Ta center and output plane based on wave guide mode field.Reflection certainly in right-angled intersection dot center has suppressed the expansion of wavefront, thereby has reduced the scattering loss of point of crossing and crosstalked.Because input field is in waveguide core, it only can excite symmetrical even mould field, thereby in multimode symmetric pattern, reflection is symmetrical the interference certainly.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: 1, introduced two square crossing taper multiple-mode interfence regions at the infall of right-angled intersection waveguide, with respect to the waveguide square crossing (as straight wave guide square crossing) of other shape, it has, and scattering loss is little, the low feature of crosstalking.2, two square crossing taper multiple-mode interfence regions of introducing can reduce the size of this waveguide, are conducive to improve light path integrated level.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that the present invention is based on the right-angled intersection waveguide of linear taper multimode interference principle.
Fig. 2 is with Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method FDTD(finite-different time-domain) operation wavelength that obtains of simulation at 1500nm between 1600nm, the comparison diagram of crosstalking of a kind of right-angled intersection waveguide based on linear taper multimode interference principle of the straight wave guide of conventional planar criss-cross construction and the present invention.
Fig. 3 be with FDTD simulate the operation wavelength obtaining at 1500nm between 1600nm, the return loss comparison diagram of a kind of right-angled intersection waveguide based on linear taper multimode interference principle of the straight wave guide of conventional planar criss-cross construction and the present invention.
Fig. 4 be with FDTD simulate the operation wavelength obtaining at 1500nm between 1600nm, the crosstalk insertion loss comparison diagram of comparison diagram of a kind of right-angled intersection waveguide based on linear taper multimode interference principle of the straight wave guide of conventional planar criss-cross construction and the present invention.
Embodiment
Further illustrate the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
With reference to Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 4, a kind of right-angled intersection waveguide based on linear taper multimode interference principle is made up of two same sections.One of them part is made up of straight wave guide region, tapered transmission line region, taper multiple-mode interfence region, tapered transmission line region and straight wave guide region.Two parts square crossing, and intersection region is in taper multiple-mode interfence region.
All regions module are all based on SOI material, and the refractive index of silicon and silicon dioxide is respectively 3.48 and 1.46.The refringence of its waveguide core district and covering is 2.02, because the refringence of waveguide core district and covering is very large, is therefore conducive to constrain light in core district, and the size of waveguide can be made very littlely, more adapts to the superintegrated requirement of large-scale integrated light path.
As Fig. 1, the width in straight wave guide region is W
1, the small-bore width in tapered transmission line region is W
1, heavy caliber width is W
2, the heavy caliber width in taper multiple-mode interfence region is W
3, length is L
1, small-bore width is W
4, the heavy caliber width in another tapered transmission line region is W
5, length is L
2.
In taper multiple-mode interfence region, the bat length that we can theoretical calculate two lowest-order patterns is:
β in formula is propagation constant, and W is caliber size, and z is transmission range, and κ=tan (θ) is for the fade rate in taper multiple-mode interfence region, wherein θ is cone angle, and λ is operation wavelength, n
γfor the refractive index size in this region.The cross waveguide of linear taper is the reflection certainly from input plane Dao Ta center and output plane based on wave guide mode field.Reflection certainly in right-angled intersection dot center has suppressed the expansion of wavefront, thereby has reduced the scattering loss of point of crossing and crosstalked.Because input field is in waveguide core, it only can excite symmetrical even mould field, thereby in multimode symmetric pattern, reflection is symmetrical the interference certainly.The condition of reflection certainly that meets this situation is
For even illumination, when
p=1,2,3 ... produce from reflection.
The wavefront of having offset right-angled intersection center just because of the reflection certainly of taper multi-mode interference coupler expands, and has suppressed the scattering loss of infall and has crosstalked.
At physical dimension W
1be 0.3 μ m, W
2be 0.8 μ m, W
3be 1.1 μ m, L
1be 3.9 μ m, W
4be 0.8 μ m, W
5be 0.6 μ m, L
2be 1 μ m, we have carried out emulation under FDTD to the present invention, and the simulation result obtaining is Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4.
As shown in Figure 2, operation wavelength is at 1500nm between 1600nm, and the right-angled intersection waveguide of a kind of linearity of the present invention based on taper multimode interference principle is more conducive to suppress to crosstalk than the straight wave guide of conventional planar criss-cross construction, reduced 30dB crosstalking to 22dB.
As shown in Figure 3, operation wavelength is at 1500nm between 1600nm, and a kind of right-angled intersection waveguide based on linear taper multimode interference principle of the present invention has improved 53dB to 20dB return loss than the straight wave guide of conventional planar criss-cross construction.
As shown in Figure 4, operation wavelength is at 1500nm between 1600nm, and a kind of right-angled intersection waveguide based on linear taper multimode interference principle of the present invention has improved the insertion loss of 0.9dB than the straight wave guide of conventional planar criss-cross construction.
In addition, the length in taper multiple-mode interfence region is only 3.9 μ m, and the whole size of xsect of the present invention is 6 μ m × 6 μ m, and this improves light path integrated level greatly.And we with the bandwidth for transmission of FDTD simulation be wavelength be 1500nm between 1600nm, this is also Wave division multiplexing WDM(Wavelength Division Multiplex) the optical signal transmission wave band that adopts of technology.
Content described in this instructions embodiment is only enumerating of way of realization to inventive concept; protection scope of the present invention should not be regarded as only limiting to the concrete form that embodiment states, protection scope of the present invention also and conceive the equivalent technologies means that can expect according to the present invention in those skilled in the art.
Claims (2)
1. the right-angled intersection waveguide based on linear taper multimode interference principle, it is characterized in that: described right-angled intersection waveguide comprises vertical portion and lateral part, vertical portion forms by the front straight wave guide region being connected successively, front taper waveguide region, taper multiple-mode interfence region, rear tapered transmission line region and rear straight wave guide region with lateral part, described lateral part and vertical portion square crossing, and intersection region is in taper multiple-mode interfence region; Described front straight wave guide region, front taper waveguide region, taper multiple-mode interfence region, rear tapered transmission line region and rear straight wave guide region all adopt SOI material, wherein, the refractive index of silicon and silicon dioxide is respectively 3.48 and 1.46, and the refringence of waveguide core district and covering is 2.02.
2. the right-angled intersection waveguide based on linear taper multimode interference principle as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the one end in the front straight wave guide region of described vertical portion or lateral part is light input end mouth, light successively through front taper waveguide region, taper multiple-mode interfence region, after tapered transmission line region and after straight wave guide region, the one end in described rear straight wave guide region is optical output port.
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| CN104639259B (en) * | 2013-11-07 | 2017-10-17 | 华为技术有限公司 | A kind of frequency mixer, frequency mixing method and photoreceiver |
| JP6508543B2 (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2019-05-08 | ホアウェイ・テクノロジーズ・カンパニー・リミテッド | Inverse tapered waveguide for low loss mode converter |
| KR101900630B1 (en) * | 2014-07-16 | 2018-09-19 | 후아웨이 테크놀러지 컴퍼니 리미티드 | Cross waveguide |
| US9709738B1 (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2017-07-18 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Waveguide crossing |
| GB201621943D0 (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-02-08 | Axenic Ltd | An optical waveguide crosspoint |
| CN108650187B (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2020-12-25 | 浙江工商大学 | 4X 4 non-blocking wavelength selection router based on series double-ring resonator |
| CN110031934B (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2020-07-14 | 清华-伯克利深圳学院筹备办公室 | Cross waveguide based on silicon-based waveguide sub-wavelength grating and multi-mode interference principle |
| CN115308839B (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2023-07-21 | 吉林大学 | Multi-port waveguide crossing device based on silica/polymer embedded waveguide platform and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20121024 Assignee: Zhejiang Fuchunjiang Photoelectric Science & Technology Co., Ltd. Assignor: Zhejiang University of Technology Contract record no.: 2015330000097 Denomination of invention: Cross waveguide based on linear tapered multimode interference principle Granted publication date: 20140806 License type: Common License Record date: 20150507 |
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