CN101614844A - Optical add/drop filter based on 2 D photon crystal band gap and auto-collimation effect - Google Patents
Optical add/drop filter based on 2 D photon crystal band gap and auto-collimation effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN101614844A CN101614844A CN200910111931A CN200910111931A CN101614844A CN 101614844 A CN101614844 A CN 101614844A CN 200910111931 A CN200910111931 A CN 200910111931A CN 200910111931 A CN200910111931 A CN 200910111931A CN 101614844 A CN101614844 A CN 101614844A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to optical add/drop filter, particularly relate to a kind of microminiature optical add/drop filter based on 2 D photon crystal.It is characterized in that optical add/drop filter has comprised upper end straight wave guide, lower end straight wave guide and autocollimation ring district, energy of electromagnetic field further forms resonator cavity by the photon crystal self-aligning ring in the coupling upper and lower side straight wave guide; Photon crystal self-aligning frequency of operation or wavelength coverage should be covered by waveguide workspace, upper end.The medium column type 2 D photon crystal array that upper end straight wave guide and lower end straight wave guide are arranged by the tetragonal with line defect is formed, can also be arranged or photonic crystal array with two-dimensional flat plate arrangement of line defect is formed by the triangular crystal lattice with line defect.Photon crystal self-aligning ring district distinguishes the photonic crystal radius size by adjusting ring, and the restriction of photonic band gap forms the little ring of photon crystal self-aligning down outside.Structure of the present invention is compact more, design is simpler, is applicable to optical communication and optical sensor system.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to optical add/drop filter, particularly relate to a kind of microminiature optical add/drop filter based on 2 D photon crystal.
Background technology
Optical add/drop filter (Optical Add/Drop Filter) is mainly realized downloading from the optical communication transmission system and is led to local signal, perhaps upload the signal that the local user mails to other node users and enter transmission system, and do not influence the transmission of other wavelength channels, and the transparency that keeps the light territory, it is to form widely used core parts such as optical add/drop multiplexer, photomodulator and photoswitch etc. in the wavelength-division multiplex system (WDM).Along with the sharp increase of message capacity and the appearance of various new business, the exploitation of microminiature add/drop filter and jumbo channel model needs to be resolved hurrily.Because the little ring of optical waveguide has advantages such as very high quality factor (Q) and small-sized property, the optical add/drop filter based on the little loop technique of optical waveguide appears in the newspapers repeatly in recent years
[2～4]The right little ring of this optical waveguide based on total internal reflection principle, its loss can rise by index along with reducing of radius of ring, and is sensitive to very that slightly release souls from purgatory on the surface and straight wave guide (Bus) and little czermak space.This undoubtedly technical bottleneck has hindered the further subminiaturized development of the little ring of traditional optical waveguide.On the other hand, photonic crystal is " photosemiconductor " that is similar to electronics, is a kind of artificial periodicity material structure, and it can control the behavior of photon well, as suppressing or strengthen the spontaneous radiation etc. of photon.In addition, they can also zoom to the device architecture translation that designs any interested wave band, as from the visible light wave range to the far infrared band.Therefore, photonic crystal is a platform that is rich in the making nano-photon device of prospect.Design and development are important development directions of following WDM communication system based on the optical add/drop filter of photonic crystal technology.
In the add/drop filter based on photonic crystal, point defect type microcavity realizes that optical add/drop filter is maximum a kind of scheme of studying at present.Compare with the little ring of traditional optical waveguide, they are difficult to provide diversified designs structure as a basic module.Recently, based on the light bifurcated filter of photonic crystal micro-ring, also appear in the newspapers, new structure is the tetragonal structure, and their diameter is about 5 medium wavelength, and this provides an effective scheme for solving above-mentioned technical bottleneck undoubtedly.Yet for air pass photonic crystal micro-ring, only simply remove the straight wave guide that obtains of row's photonic crystal and generally present multimode, particularly, excited other patterns easily in the Huan Qu place of turning round, thereby reduced the following road efficient of wave filter, also increased the complexity of designs and making simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at the deficiencies in the prior art, propose a kind of optical add/drop filter, have the advantage that size is small, integrated level is high based on 2 D photon crystal band gap and auto-collimation effect.
For realizing the photonic band gap that purpose of the present invention designs and the optical add/drop filter of auto-collimation effect, it is characterized in that optical add/drop filter has comprised upper end straight wave guide, lower end straight wave guide and the autocollimation ring district between the upper and lower side straight wave guide, energy of electromagnetic field further forms resonator cavity by photon crystal self-aligning ring district in the coupling upper and lower side straight wave guide; Photon crystal self-aligning frequency of operation or wavelength coverage should be covered by straight wave guide workspace, upper end.
The medium column type 2 D photon crystal array that described upper end straight wave guide and lower end straight wave guide are arranged by the tetragonal with line defect is formed.
Described upper end straight wave guide and lower end straight wave guide can also be made up of the medium column type 2 D photon crystal array that the triangular crystal lattice with line defect is arranged.
Described upper end straight wave guide and lower end straight wave guide can also be made up of the photonic crystal array that the two-dimensional flat plate with line defect is arranged.
Described photon crystal self-aligning ring district, be by adjusting ring district photonic crystal radius size, make and in particular frequency range, can autocollimation propagate along the light of specific direction, and outside under the restriction of photonic band gap, thereby the little ring of photon crystal self-aligning effectively formed.
Described autocollimation ring district photonic crystal radius, its size is 0.115a.
Structure of the present invention is compact more, design is simpler, is applicable to optical communication and optical sensor system.From detailed description below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, those skilled in the art readily understand, if the district introduces Tuning mechanism or sensing mechanism at ring, as introduce electrode or sensing material, the tuning of road wavelength be can realize down, thereby important devices or optical sensor in the wavelength-division multiplex systems such as photoswitch, modulator reached.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structured flowchart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the dispersion curve figure of tetragonal photonic crystal straight wave guide Bus.
Fig. 3 has the isofrequency map in autocollimation district for tetragonal photonic crystal corresponding diagram 2 line defect workspaces.
Fig. 4 does not possess the isofrequency map in autocollimation district for tetragonal photonic crystal corresponding diagram 2 line defect workspaces.
Fig. 5 has the normalization intensity transmission spectrum of little ring of auto-collimation effect for structure corresponding diagram of the present invention 2 line defect workspaces.
Fig. 6 does not possess the normalization intensity transmission spectrum of little ring of auto-collimation effect for structure corresponding diagram of the present invention two line defect workspaces.
Fig. 7 composes for the normalization intensity transmission of little ring that structure traditional wire defect waveguide of the present invention forms.
Fig. 8 is the stable state light wave transmissions field pattern of road signal 1588nm under the structure of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the non-stable state light wave transmissions field pattern of road signal 1600nm down of structure of the present invention.
The drift figure of the following road wavelength that Figure 10 causes for the change of ring district's waveguide index.
Among Fig. 1, I is the upper end straight wave guide, and II is the lower end straight wave guide, and III is autocollimation ring district.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples technical scheme of the present invention is further described.
As shown in Figure 1, the optical add/drop filter based on 2 D photon crystal band gap and auto-collimation effect of the present invention's design comprises upper end straight wave guide I, lower end straight wave guide II, the autocollimation ring district III between the upper and lower side straight wave guide.
In a design implementation example of the present invention, investigate the gallium arsenide medium post 2 D photon crystal of arranging based on tetragonal, centre wavelength is the communication band of 1550 nanometers, the refractive index of gallium arsenide is 3.59.For two-dimensional medium column type photonic crystal, its TM pattern has bigger photon band gap (PBG).In order to obtain big band gap, getting medium column radius r is 0.185a, and a is a grating constant here.Remove organ timbering and form L1 straight wave guide (the rest may be inferred), be commonly called as the Bus waveguide, and straight wave guide is an input waveguide on the definition, the lower end straight wave guide is for the road or the waveguide of setting out on a journey down, shown in straight wave guide I, II among Fig. 1.For the tetragonal photonic crystal generally in the certain frequency scope autocollimation district can appear along Γ M, change three row's photonic crystal radiuses such as 0.115a (annotate: row's number gets final product auto-collimation effect to occur) along Γ M for this reason, under peripheral photonic band gap restriction, thereby form autocollimation ring district, shown in autocollimation ring district III among Fig. 1.We at first investigate the dispersion curve figure of above-mentioned Bus waveguide, as shown in Figure 2, in normalized frequency 0.28a/ λ～0.44a/ λ, have very wide single mode wavelength.For 1550nm center communication wavelengths, choosing a is 540nm, and then corresponding wavelength range is 1227～1928nm.Investigate the isofrequency map of above-mentioned photonic crystal simultaneously, as shown in Figure 3-4.When Fig. 3 photonic crystal radius is got 0.115a, have autocollimation ring district in frequency 0.33～0.36a/ λ, this frequency drops on photonic band gap the inside just, meets design philosophy of the present invention; And remain unchanged for Fig. 4 photonic crystal radius, when being 0.185a, in frequency 0.255～0.26a/ λ, have autocollimation ring district, drop on outside the photonic band gap, thereby the light of propagating in the straight wave guide of upper end can't be propagated in autocollimation ring district III effectively and be coupled to the lower end straight wave guide.For the traditional photonic crystal micro-ring with recent proposition carries out objective comparison, the peripheral photonic crystal row number of we cut-off waveguide I, II is 5 rows, coupling row number between straight wave guide and the district's waveguide of autocollimation ring is 1, as shown in Figure 1, several then 10 rows from figure of row are increased to 24 rows about the periphery of photonic crystal micro-ring.
As shown in Figure 1, place power monitor respectively at A, B, four ports of C, D, and be input port with the A port, utilize two-dimensional time-domain finite difference (2D FDTD) computing method, and to select the complete matching layer of anisotropy (PML) for use be absorbing boundary condition, injects the Gauss pulse light beam that covers above-mentioned spectra of interest scope, and the power that B, C, D port monitor is compared with the power of input port A, can try to achieve the normalization transmission spectrum of other three ports, shown in Fig. 5-7.Obviously, when the radius of autocollimation ring district III is got 0.115a, can obtain the optical add/drop filter function that traditional photonic crystal micro-ring is realized, obtaining the normalization intensity transmission at the D port is 0.979 1588nm signal, as shown in Figure 5.Compare with traditional little ring under the same terms, as Fig. 7, quality factor q of the present invention (be defined as λ/Δ λ, wherein Δ λ is peak wavelength half maximal value overall with FWHM) has then improved more than 4 times, and is about 500, and spectral line symmetry more.And the photonic crystal radius that keeps autocollimation ring district III is not when becoming 0.185a and since the autocollimation frequency be 0.255～0.26a/ λ not in bandgap range, thereby the light of input is directly along the output of B port, its result as shown in Figure 6.Their stable state is propagated field pattern shown in Fig. 8-9.In view of optical add/drop filter is core parts in optical communication and the optical sensor system, we have also considered suitable modulation scheme is introduced in autocollimation ring district's waveguide of the present invention.For example, add electrode, thereby cause the suitable drift in autocollimation district, finally cause the drift of road wavelength down, the result as shown in figure 10, following road wavelength can and drift about to the long wavelength along with the increase of ring district refractive index.Suppose refractive index be 3.59 o'clock be that electrode is in closed condition, the corresponding through-put power of D port is 0.979, when electrode is worked, is 3.61 o'clock such as refractive index, the corresponding through-put power of D port is 0.168.If further optimal design can be accomplished that fully this moment, through-put power was 0, thereby be realized good light switch function.
The present invention only is illustrated with square crystal lattice 2 D photon crystal.From above-mentioned elaboration as can be known, this structure can be generalized to other lattice arrangement such as triangular crystal lattice and two-dimensional flat plate photonic crystal but to those skilled in the art.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of optical add/drop filter based on 2 D photon crystal band gap and auto-collimation effect, it is characterized in that optical add/drop filter has comprised upper end straight wave guide, lower end straight wave guide and the autocollimation ring district between the upper and lower side straight wave guide, energy of electromagnetic field further forms resonator cavity by the photon crystal self-aligning ring in the coupling upper and lower side straight wave guide; Photon crystal self-aligning frequency of operation or wavelength coverage should be covered by waveguide workspace, upper end.
2, the optical add/drop filter based on 2 D photon crystal band gap and auto-collimation effect according to claim 1, straight wave guide and lower end straight wave guide can be made up of the tetragonal crystal array with line defect on it is characterized in that.
3, the optical add/drop filter based on 2 D photon crystal band gap and auto-collimation effect according to claim 1 is characterized in that described upper end straight wave guide and lower end straight wave guide can also be made up of the medium column type two-dimensional photon array that the triangular crystal lattice with line defect is arranged.
4, the optical add/drop filter based on 2 D photon crystal band gap and auto-collimation effect according to claim 1 is characterized in that the photonic crystal array that described upper end straight wave guide and lower end straight wave guide are arranged by the two-dimensional flat plate with line defect forms.
5, the optical add/drop filter based on 2 D photon crystal band gap and auto-collimation effect according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described photon crystal self-aligning ring district, be by adjusting ring district photonic crystal radius size, make and in particular frequency range, can autocollimation propagate along the light of specific direction, and outside under the restriction of photonic band gap, thereby effectively form the little ring of photon crystal self-aligning.
6, the optical add/drop filter based on 2 D photon crystal band gap and auto-collimation effect according to claim 5 is characterized in that described autocollimation ring district photonic crystal radius, and its size is 0.115a.
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| CN103630977A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-03-12 | 湖南理工学院 | Waveguide mode control method based on film type space filter |
| CN103901695A (en) * | 2012-12-25 | 2014-07-02 | 深圳大学 | Controllable light path converter |
| CN104678491A (en) * | 2013-11-27 | 2015-06-03 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | Photonic crystal supporting auto-collimating phenomenon with high frequency sensitivity as well as design method and application |
| CN105607190A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-05-25 | 北京邮电大学 | De-multiplexing apparatus based on add-drop type three-waveguide coupling double square resonant cavities |
| CN107390325A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2017-11-24 | 上海大学 | 2 D photon crystal optical router based on nested ring cavity structure |
| CN108663748A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-10-16 | 上海大学 | Path filter under double-channel based on single line defect resonant cavity |
| CN109655968A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-04-19 | 上海大学 | Path filter under a kind of four-way applied to coarse wavelength division multiplexing systems |
| CN114879306A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-08-09 | 上海交通大学 | High-quality factor lithium niobate photonic crystal microcavity based on bicolor quasiperiodic potential field |
| CN115016118A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-09-06 | 华南理工大学 | Construction method of unidirectional adjustable magneto-optical photonic crystal ring-shaped resonant cavity filter |
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2009
- 2009-06-09 CN CN200910111931A patent/CN101614844A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103901695A (en) * | 2012-12-25 | 2014-07-02 | 深圳大学 | Controllable light path converter |
| CN103901695B (en) * | 2012-12-25 | 2016-12-28 | 深圳大学 | Controllable type optical path changer |
| CN104678491B (en) * | 2013-11-27 | 2018-11-09 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | The photonic crystal and design method of support high-frequency susceptibility auto-collimation phenomenon and application |
| CN104678491A (en) * | 2013-11-27 | 2015-06-03 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | Photonic crystal supporting auto-collimating phenomenon with high frequency sensitivity as well as design method and application |
| CN103630977B (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2016-01-27 | 湖南理工学院 | A kind of waveguide mode control method of based thin film type spatial filter |
| CN103630977A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-03-12 | 湖南理工学院 | Waveguide mode control method based on film type space filter |
| CN105607190B (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2019-01-18 | 北京邮电大学 | A kind of Deplexing apparatus of three waveguides coupling both sides' shape resonant cavity based on add-drop type |
| CN105607190A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-05-25 | 北京邮电大学 | De-multiplexing apparatus based on add-drop type three-waveguide coupling double square resonant cavities |
| CN107390325A (en) * | 2017-07-14 | 2017-11-24 | 上海大学 | 2 D photon crystal optical router based on nested ring cavity structure |
| CN108663748A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-10-16 | 上海大学 | Path filter under double-channel based on single line defect resonant cavity |
| CN109655968A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-04-19 | 上海大学 | Path filter under a kind of four-way applied to coarse wavelength division multiplexing systems |
| CN114879306A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-08-09 | 上海交通大学 | High-quality factor lithium niobate photonic crystal microcavity based on bicolor quasiperiodic potential field |
| CN115016118A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-09-06 | 华南理工大学 | Construction method of unidirectional adjustable magneto-optical photonic crystal ring-shaped resonant cavity filter |
| CN115016118B (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2023-08-22 | 华南理工大学 | Method for constructing unidirectional adjustable magneto-optical photonic crystal ring resonator filter |
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