CN202093201U - Single-mode single-polarization photonic crystal fiber of outside-in brachyaxis-decreasing elliptical air-hole double triangular array - Google Patents
Single-mode single-polarization photonic crystal fiber of outside-in brachyaxis-decreasing elliptical air-hole double triangular array Download PDFInfo
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- CN202093201U CN202093201U CN2011201648028U CN201120164802U CN202093201U CN 202093201 U CN202093201 U CN 202093201U CN 2011201648028 U CN2011201648028 U CN 2011201648028U CN 201120164802 U CN201120164802 U CN 201120164802U CN 202093201 U CN202093201 U CN 202093201U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a photonic crystal waveguide structure, in particular to a single-mode single-polarization photonic crystal fiber of an outside-in brachyaxis-decreasing elliptical air-hole double triangular array. In the single-mode single-polarization photonic crystal fiber, the outside-in brachyaxis-decreasing elliptical air-hole double triangular array is introduced into a photonic crystal fiber structure so that application of large-bandwidth and dispersion flattened single-mode single-polarization is achieved. The crystal fiber can achieve application of large-bandwidth and single-mode single-polarization within a range of 1.4 microns to 2 microns of incident light wavelength. Within a range of 1.39 microns to 1.624 microns of incident light wavelength, crystal fiber shows the characteristic of large-bandwidth and dispersion flattened. Therefore, the crystal fiber has broad application prospects in the fields of super-continuum spectrum generation, pulse transmission, optical communication and the like.
Description
Affiliated technical field
Present patent application relates to a kind of photonic crystal waveguide structure, is specifically related to the single mode single polarization photonic crystal fiber of the decrescence oval airport ditrigon of a kind of ecto-entad minor axis array, can be applicable to fields such as optical fiber communication, optical information processing.
Background technology
Photonic crystal fiber also claims many airports optical fiber or microstructured optical fibers.Photonic crystal fiber can be divided into real core fibre and hollow-core fiber with regard to structure.Real core fibre is that quartz glass capillary is arranged in quartz glass bar optical fiber on every side with periodic regularity.Hollow-core fiber is that quartz glass capillary is arranged in quartz glass tube optical fiber on every side with periodic regularity.Photonic crystal fiber leaded light mechanism can be divided into two classes: refractive index leaded light mechanism (real core fibre) and photonic bandgap leaded light mechanism (hollow-core fiber).The photonic crystals optical fiber structure design is very flexible, has various small structures, causes photonic crystal fiber to have unusual characteristic, and comparing with general single mode fiber has outstanding advantage: the non-constant width of (1) single mode transport bandwidth.(2) mode field area of flexible and controllable and nonlinear factor.(3) can design photonic crystal fiber chromatic dispersion and limitation loss neatly.(4) good birefringence effect.1996, people such as J.C.Knight developed first novel optical waveguide-photonic crystal fiber (photonic crystal fiber, PCF) [people such as J.C.Knight, Opt.Lett.1996,21 (19): 1547～1549] in the world.1998, people such as J.C.Knight develop another kind of novel optical waveguide-photon band gap photonic crystal fiber (Photonic Band Gap photonic crystal fiber, PBG-PCF) [people such as J.C.Knight, Science again, 1998,282:1476～1478].After this, the unusual characteristic that photonic crystal fiber has has caused world technology worker's common concern and broad research [P.St.J.Russell, Science, 2003,299:358～362], make that photonic crystal fiber is widely used in that the guiding of atom and particle is caught, nonlinear optics, the generation of super continuum light spectrum, pulse compression and shaping, higher hamonic wave generation, four-wave mixing, wavelength conversion, laser generation, short pulse conversion and control etc., application prospect is boundless.
In recent years, by designing photonic crystal fiber rightly, in certain lambda1-wavelength scope, can successfully realize the running of single mode list polarization.Document people such as [, Opt.Lett., 2004,29 (16): 1855～1857] DanielA.Nolan is developed the photonic crystal fibers with oval core and two circle airport coverings, has realized the utilization of single mode list polarization near the 1550nm wave band in the 50nm bandwidth range; Document people such as [, Opt.Lett., 2005,30 (12): 1446～1448] J.R.Folkenberg has been reported near the single polarizations running of single mould photon crystal optical fiber 220nm wavelength coverage support wavelength 727nm with three ring circle airport coverings; Document [people such as Jian Ju, J.Lightwave Technol., 2006,24 (2): 825～830] be the round airport covering single mode single polarization photonic crystal fiber that boundary condition adopts full vector Finite Element Method to study to have the triangle dot matrix with the Perfect Matchings layer, near 1300nm wave band and 1550nm wave band, realized the single mode list polarization running of 84.7nm bandwidth and 103.5nm bandwidth respectively; Document [people such as FangdiZhang, J.Lightwave Technol., 2007,25 (5): 1184～1189] designed rectangular grid dot matrix photonic crystal fiber, the single mode list polarization running in having realized from 1200nm to the 1660nm wavelength coverage with two row's big center airports; Document [people such as Ming-Yang Chen, J.Lightwave Technol., 2010,28 (10): 1443～1446] a kind of wide bandwidth single mode single polarization photonic crystal fiber with square lattice dot matrix has been proposed, the single mode list polarization running in having realized from 1475nm to the 2035nm wavelength coverage; Document [people such as Dora Juan Juan Hu, Appl.Opt., 2009,48 (20): 4038～4043] designed photonic crystal fiber, the single mode list polarization running in having realized from 1350nm to the 1600nm wavelength coverage with the oval airport covering of triangular lattice dot matrix and circle airport core; Document [people such as Kunimasa Saitoh, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 2003,15 (10): 1384～1386] adopt full vector Finite Element Method to study the photonic crystal fiber with hexagonal lattice dot matrix roundlet airport surrounding layer and great circle airport inner cladding, low-loss single-mode list polarization utilization bandwidth reaches 120nm.Document [people such as NaderA.Issa, Opt.Lett., 2004,29 (12): 1336～1338] studies show that the photonic crystal fiber with oval airport can easier prepare.The single mode single polarization photonic crystal fiber can effectively be eliminated polarization mode dispersion and polarization mode coupling, has obtained close attention and widespread use in various fields such as high-capacity optical fiber laser, optical fibre gyro, sensing, optical communications.The challenge of single mode single polarization photonic crystal fiber research is to realize the more single mode list polarization running of wide bandwidth, dispersion flattene.
Summary of the invention
Present patent application has proposed a kind of single mode single polarization photonic crystal fiber of the novel decrescence oval airport ditrigon of ecto-entad minor axis array, realized the more single mode list polarization running of wide bandwidth, dispersion flattene, thereby for practicability such as fibre optic polarizer, photonic crystal Transmission Fibers provide support, to replenish above-mentioned literature research aspect the bandwidth and do not relate to the deficiency of aspects such as chromatic dispersion; And the various characteristics of the single mode single polarization photonic crystal fiber that is proposed and various parameter have been provided with the incident wavelength Changing Pattern.
Present patent application solves the technical scheme that its technical matters adopts:
The single mode single polarization photonic crystal fiber xsect that present patent application proposes is made up of pure silicon dioxide matrix and the oval airport dot matrix of five rings hexagonal lattice on the whole, covering has the big oval airport dot matrix of three rows wherein, and surrounding layer has the decrescence oval airport ditrigon of ecto-entad minor axis dot matrix.The oval airport dot matrix of hexagonal lattice makes optical fiber have the single mode birefringent characteristic, and it is enough little that middle covering has a limitation loss that the big oval airport dot matrix of three rows guaranteed the x polarization mode; Surrounding layer is introduced the limitation loss that the decrescence oval airport ditrigon of ecto-entad minor axis array has increased the y polarization mode effectively, makes the y polarization mode obtain enough decay, thereby has realized more wide bandwidth, the utilization of dispersion flattened single mode list polarization.
The beneficial effect of present patent application is:
More wide bandwidth, the utilization of dispersion flattened single mode list polarization have been realized.In lambda1-wavelength 1.391 μ m to 1.624 mu m ranges, this optical fiber presents wide bandwidth, color dispersion plainness characteristic, makes it have broad prospect of application in fields such as super continuous spectrums generation, burst transmissions.This optical fiber can be realized the utilization of single mode list polarization at incident light 1.4 μ m in the relative broad range of 2 μ m, covered the optical fiber communication wavelength band of broad.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the cross sectional representation of present patent application single mode single polarization photonic crystal fiber.
The Electric Field Distribution of x and y polarization mode when Fig. 2 is lambda1-wavelength 1.550 μ m, arrow is represented the polarization direction; Lateral arrows characterizes x polarization mode electric field (a), and vertically arrow characterizes y polarization mode electric field (b).
The variation that is the effective refractive index of single mode single polarization photonic crystal fiber and mode birefringence with lambda1-wavelength shown in Figure 3.The solid line of band small circle and blockage is represented the variation of the effective refractive index of x and y polarization mode with lambda1-wavelength respectively among Fig. 3 (a), represents the variation of mode birefringence (being effective refractive index poor of y and x polarization mode) with lambda1-wavelength with little leg-of-mutton solid line among Fig. 3 (b).
The variation that is limitation loss and difference thereof with lambda1-wavelength shown in Figure 4.The solid line of band small circle and blockage is respectively the variation of the limitation loss of x and y polarization mode with lambda1-wavelength among Fig. 4 (a), adopts semilog coordinate among the figure; Solid line is the variation of the limitation loss difference of y polarization mode and x polarization mode with lambda1-wavelength among Fig. 4 (b), and the limitation loss difference adopts semilog coordinate among the figure.
The variation that is single mode single polarization photonic crystal fiber chromatic dispersion (a), effective mode field area (b), numerical aperture (c) and nonlinear factor (d) with lambda1-wavelength shown in Figure 5.Fig. 5 (a) dotted line is depicted as material dispersion, is waveguide dispersion shown in the dot-and-dash line, is the total dispersion of single mode single polarization photonic crystal fiber shown in the solid line.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and enforcement present patent application is further specified.
Fig. 1 is the cross sectional representation of present patent application single mode single polarization photonic crystal fiber.Be made up of pure silicon dioxide matrix and the oval airport dot matrix of five rings hexagonal lattice on this optical fiber integrally, wherein middle covering has the big oval airport dot matrix of three rows, and surrounding layer has the decrescence oval airport ditrigon of ecto-entad minor axis dot matrix.The oval airport dot matrix of hexagonal lattice makes optical fiber have the single mode birefringent characteristic, it is enough little that middle covering has a limitation loss that the big oval airport dot matrix of three rows guaranteed the x polarization mode, the decrescence oval airport ditrigon of the minor axis of surrounding layer dot matrix has increased the limitation loss of y polarization mode effectively, make the y polarization mode obtain enough decay, thereby realize the utilization of single mode list polarization.Innermost layer large rectangle zone is a pure silicon dioxide among the figure, the ellipse representation airport, and peripheral solid-line rectangle region representation Perfect Matchings layer border is the decrescence oval airport ditrigon of ecto-entad minor axis dot matrix in the surrounding layer in the dashed region.Big oval airport is expressed as a and b respectively along the diameter of x and y axle, airport be spaced apart Λ=1.8 μ m, oval ratio is η=b/a=2.Wherein, a=0.5 Λ=0.9 μ m, b=2a=1.8 μ m.The refractive index of silicon dioxide and airport is respectively 1.45 and 1.The decrescence oval airport of minor axis is expressed as c respectively along the diameter of x axle
1, c
2, c
3And c
4, be expressed as d along the diameter of y axle, wherein c
1=0.65 μ m, c
2=0.55 μ m, c
3=0.45 μ m, c
4=0.35 μ m and d=b=1.8 μ m.The mould field characteristic of transmission electromagnetic field can change by shape and the space distribution that changes these airports in optical fiber.
The Electric Field Distribution of x and y polarization mode when Fig. 2 is lambda1-wavelength 1.550 μ m, arrow is represented the polarization direction; Lateral arrows characterizes x polarization mode electric field (a), and vertically arrow characterizes y polarization mode electric field (b).Can be obtained by Fig. 2, the electric field of x and y polarization mode is symmetrically distributed about fiber optic hub x and y axle, and y polarization mode electric field is more obvious to the expansion of covering to the ratio x of covering polarization mode electric field.This limitation loss that shows the x polarization mode is littler than the limitation loss of y polarization mode, shows further that also we adopt the decrescence oval airport ditrigon of ecto-entad minor axis dot matrix to increase the validity of y polarization mode decay.When lambda1-wavelength 1.550 μ m, mode birefringence is 2.852 * 10
-3, clap the long 0.563mm that is; The limitation loss of x and y polarization mode is respectively 9.041 * 10
-2DB/km and 21.087dB/km; If calculate according to the present general communication span 80km of system, emissive power 0dBm, behind this Optical Fiber Transmission 80km, the power attenuation of x polarization mode is to-7.233dBm, and the power attenuation of y polarization mode is to-1.687 * 10
3DBm, and the real background noise of sensitive detection parts such as conventional spectrometer is-60dBm about, like this, the x polarization mode can be detected and amplify, the y polarization mode is attenuated in Optical Fiber Transmission, thereby realizes the utilization of single mode list polarization; Perhaps, behind this Optical Fiber Transmission 2.85km, the power attenuation of y polarization mode surpasses 60dB, and the y polarization mode is attenuated, thereby realizes the utilization of single mode list polarization; During lambda1-wavelength 1.550 μ m, the numerical aperture of x polarization mode is 0.415, and effectively mode field area is 3.674 μ m
2, nonlinear factor is 28.685W
-1/ km.Along with the increase of incident wavelength, the y polarization mode is attenuated after shorter Optical Fiber Transmission, can be widely used in the different optical fibre devices.
The variation that is the effective refractive index of single mode single polarization photonic crystal fiber and mode birefringence with lambda1-wavelength shown in Figure 3.
The solid line of band small circle and blockage is represented the variation of the effective refractive index of x and y polarization mode with lambda1-wavelength respectively among Fig. 3 (a), represents the variation of mode birefringence (being effective refractive index poor of y and x polarization mode) with lambda1-wavelength with little leg-of-mutton solid line among Fig. 3 (b).Fig. 3 can obtain, and the effective refractive index of the x of single mode single polarization photonic crystal fiber and y polarization mode reduces with the increase of lambda1-wavelength; In lambda1-wavelength scope shown in Figure 3, the effective refractive index of x, y polarization mode increases with wavelength and reduces; Corresponding same lambda1-wavelength, the effective refractive index of y polarization mode is bigger than the effective refractive index of x polarization mode, and both differences increase with the increase of lambda1-wavelength.That is to say that mode birefringence increases with the increase of lambda1-wavelength; When lambda1-wavelength 2 μ m, mode birefringence can be up to 6.258 * 10
-3
The variation that is limitation loss and difference thereof with lambda1-wavelength shown in Figure 4.The solid line of band small circle and blockage is respectively the variation of the limitation loss of x and y polarization mode with lambda1-wavelength among Fig. 4 (a), adopts semilog coordinate among the figure; Solid line is the variation of the limitation loss difference of y polarization mode and x polarization mode with lambda1-wavelength among Fig. 4 (b), and the limitation loss difference adopts semilog coordinate among the figure.Can be got by Fig. 4, the limitation loss of x and y polarization mode increases sharply with the lambda1-wavelength increase; In lambda1-wavelength scope shown in Figure 4, the limitation loss of x, y polarization mode increases with wavelength.Corresponding same lambda1-wavelength, the limitation loss of y polarization mode is obviously bigger than the limitation loss of x polarization mode; The difference of the limitation loss of the limitation loss of y polarization mode and x polarization mode is index with the increase of lambda1-wavelength and increases sharply.This optical fiber is the real core fibre of refractive-index-guiding type photonic crystal, and its leaded light mechanism is similar with the total internal reflection mechanism of traditional fiber.By in covering, introducing airport, reduce the effective refractive index n of covering
Clad, make fiber core refractive index n
CoreGreater than cladding index n
Clad, its leaded light mode refractive index n
ModeSatisfy n
Core＞n
Mode＞n
CladThereby optical fiber forms total internal reflection to the leaded light pattern.When lambda1-wavelength during less than covering hollow pore size, airport hinders incident light to be strengthened to the leakage effect of covering, and the limitation loss of optical fiber reduces; When lambda1-wavelength during greater than covering hollow pore size, incident light is strengthened to the diffraction of covering through airport, and airport hinders incident light to be weakened to the leakage effect of covering, and the limitation loss of optical fiber increases; Simultaneously, increased the limitation loss of y polarization mode effectively, made the y polarization mode obtain enough decay, thereby realized the utilization of single mode list polarization at the decrescence oval airport ditrigon of the surrounding layer minor axis dot matrix of y direction.According to the discussion of using principle about single mode list polarization in Fig. 2 introduction, can in 1.4 μ m to 2 mu m ranges, easily realize the utilization of single mode list polarization at lambda1-wavelength.
The variation that is single mode single polarization photonic crystal fiber chromatic dispersion (a), effective mode field area (b), numerical aperture (c) and nonlinear factor (d) with lambda1-wavelength shown in Figure 5.Fig. 5 (a) dotted line is depicted as material dispersion, is waveguide dispersion shown in the dot-and-dash line, is the total dispersion of single mode single polarization photonic crystal fiber shown in the solid line.Fibre-optical dispersion has vital role in optical communication system, color dispersion plainness characteristic is key property of wavelength-division multiplex system.Fig. 5 can obtain, material dispersion increases gradually with the lambda1-wavelength increase, waveguide dispersion is almost constant with the wavelength increase in lambda1-wavelength 1 μ m to 1.3 mu m range, increase with wavelength at 1.3 μ m to 2 μ m and to reduce, cause the optical fiber total dispersion very smooth in the 233nm scope of 1.391 μ m to 1.624 μ m at lambda1-wavelength; Dispersion values at 1.391 μ m places is 119.010ps/ (kmnm), has chromatic dispersion maximal value 121.003ps/ (kmnm) at 1.507 μ m place optical fiber, and the dispersion values at 1.624 μ m places is 119.028ps/ (kmnm); This optical fiber is 1.993ps/ (kmnm) from the dispersion flattene degree (maximal value and minimum value is poor in the research wavelength band) in 1.391 μ m to 1.624 mu m ranges, be better than document [people such as Yuan Jinhui, photoelectron laser, 2008,19 (8): 1007～1010] the dispersion flattene degree 9ps/ (kmnm) in 0.83 μ m to 1.02 mu m range, than document [people such as T.Yamamoto, Opt.Express, 2003,11 (13): 1537～1540] the dispersion flattene degree 2ps/ (kmnm) in 1.480 μ m to 1.580 mu m ranges will get well; The smooth scope 233nm of this CHROMATIC DISPERSION IN FIBER OPTICS is much larger than the 190nm of document [people such as Yuan Jinhui, photoelectron laser, 2008,19 (8): 1007～1010] and the 100nm of document [people such as T.Yamamoto, Opt.Express, 2003,11 (13): 1537～1540].This wide bandwidth, color dispersion plainness characteristic make this optical fiber have significant application value in communication system, as burst transmissions and super continuous spectrums generation etc.Effective mode field area of optical fiber increases with lambda1-wavelength.The numerical aperture of optical fiber increases with lambda1-wavelength.The nonlinear factor of optical fiber increases with lambda1-wavelength and reduces.
In a word, the photonic crystals optical fiber structure of present patent application proposition is an effective scheme of realizing wide bandwidth, the utilization of dispersion flattened single mode list polarization.When lambda1-wavelength 1.550 μ m, the mode birefringence of single mode single polarization photonic crystal fiber is up to 2.852 * 10
-3, clap the long 0.563mm that is; The limitation loss of x polarization mode is 9.041 * 10
-2DB/km, the limitation loss of y polarization mode are 21.087dB/km; Contrast x polarization mode loss situation, the y polarization mode can be attenuated in very short optical fiber, thereby realizes the utilization of single mode list polarization; The numerical aperture of x polarization mode is 0.415, and effectively mode field area is 3.674 μ m
2, nonlinear factor is 28.685W
-1/ km.In lambda1-wavelength 1.391 μ m to 1.624 mu m ranges, this optical fiber presents broadband, color dispersion plainness characteristic, makes it have broad prospect of application in fields such as super continuous spectrums generation, burst transmissions.This optical fiber can be realized the utilization of single mode list polarization at incident light 1.4 μ m in the relative broad range of 2 μ m, covered the optical communicating waveband of broad.
Claims (4)
1. the single mode single polarization photonic crystal fiber of the decrescence oval airport ditrigon of an ecto-entad minor axis array, it is characterized in that xsect is made up of the oval airport dot matrix of pure silicon dioxide matrix and five rings hexagonal lattice on the whole, covering has the big oval airport dot matrix of three rows wherein, and surrounding layer has the decrescence oval airport ditrigon of ecto-entad minor axis dot matrix.
2. single mode single polarization photonic crystal fiber according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the oval airport dot matrix of the five rings hexagonal lattice of described optical fiber, oval airport be spaced apart 1.8 μ m.
3. single mode single polarization photonic crystal fiber according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the described optical fiber, big oval airport minor axis diameter is 0.9 μ m, and major diameter is 1.8 μ m.
4. single mode single polarization photonic crystal fiber according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the decrescence oval airport ditrigon of the ecto-entad minor axis dot matrix of described optical fiber, major diameter still is 1.8 μ m, and the minor axis diameter decrescence is 0.65 μ m, 0.55 μ m, 0.45 μ m and 0.35 μ m successively.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102778723A (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2012-11-14 | 聊城大学 | Single-mode single-polarization photonic crystal fiber in double triangular arrays of elliptical air holes with short axes being gradually shortened from exterior to interior |
| CN102955198A (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2013-03-06 | 聊城大学 | Single-mode and single-polarization photonic crystal fiber (PCF) of novel circular and oval mixed air hole array |
| CN107843953A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2018-03-27 | 西安邮电大学 | A kind of big non-linear photon crystal optical fiber of high birefringence |
| CN108152881A (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2018-06-12 | 西安邮电大学 | A kind of sulphur system high double-refraction photon crystal fiber in the range of 2 to 5 micron waveband |
-
2011
- 2011-05-13 CN CN2011201648028U patent/CN202093201U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102778723A (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2012-11-14 | 聊城大学 | Single-mode single-polarization photonic crystal fiber in double triangular arrays of elliptical air holes with short axes being gradually shortened from exterior to interior |
| CN102778723B (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2013-12-18 | 聊城大学 | Single-mode single-polarization photonic crystal fiber of elliptical air holes array with short axes being gradually shortened |
| CN102955198A (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2013-03-06 | 聊城大学 | Single-mode and single-polarization photonic crystal fiber (PCF) of novel circular and oval mixed air hole array |
| CN102955198B (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2014-08-06 | 聊城大学 | Single-mode and single-polarization photonic crystal fiber (PCF) of novel circular and oval mixed air hole array |
| CN107843953A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2018-03-27 | 西安邮电大学 | A kind of big non-linear photon crystal optical fiber of high birefringence |
| CN108152881A (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2018-06-12 | 西安邮电大学 | A kind of sulphur system high double-refraction photon crystal fiber in the range of 2 to 5 micron waveband |
| CN108152881B (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2020-01-07 | 西安邮电大学 | Chalcogenide high-birefringence photonic crystal fiber in waveband range of 2-5 microns |
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