CN102742398A - Preparation and artificial inoculation method of Cistanche deserticola seed pellets - Google Patents
Preparation and artificial inoculation method of Cistanche deserticola seed pellets Download PDFInfo
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- CN102742398A CN102742398A CN2012102522562A CN201210252256A CN102742398A CN 102742398 A CN102742398 A CN 102742398A CN 2012102522562 A CN2012102522562 A CN 2012102522562A CN 201210252256 A CN201210252256 A CN 201210252256A CN 102742398 A CN102742398 A CN 102742398A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method and application of Cistanche deserticola seed pellets. The Cistanche deserticola seed pellets are obtained by adhering, Cistanche deserticola seeds, clay, fine sand, sheep dung and the like to the surface of spherical carriers such as soybean. The 'Cistanche deserticola seed pellets', an artificial inoculation traditional Chinese medicinal material, can be produced mechanically, the seeds for inoculation can be produced in batches, the full-manual production process of 'Cistanche deserticola seed paper' is changed, work efficiency is improved greatly, and labor cost in artificial seed production is lowered. Sophora alopecuroide plant powder is added initially in artificial inoculation of the Cistanche deserticola seed pellets, and accordingly parasitic success rate is increased, occurrence of diseases and insect pests is reduced, and overall benefit is increased. The preparation method and application of the Cistanche deserticola seed pellets are widely applicable to the field of artificial production of Cistanche deserticola.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation and artificial infection method of cistanche deserticola seed grain.
Background technology
Saline cistanche (Cistanche deserticola Ma) also is desert cistanche, rues greatly, big Rong, dried meat floss Rong, vertical Rong, is the Orobanchaceae parasitic plant, is used as medicine with the succulent stem of dry zone scale leaf.Saline cistanche contains compositions such as abundant alkaloid, amino acid, trace element, vitamin, has effects such as the sexual function of raising, control senile dementia, treatment constipation.Saline cistanche is one of important goods of China's foreign exchange earning, except that selling at home, also sells to ground such as Southeast Asia, Japan, Korea S, the U.S., Russia.In recent years, market sales volume of saline cistanche and price still are significantly ascendant trend.In China, the saline cistanche main product in the Inner Mongol, provinces and regions such as Xinjiang, Ningxia, Gansu, mainly be distributed in NORTHWEST CHINA desert, Desert Area, like cloth of ulan and desert, Tengger desert, Badanjilin Desert, Hexi Corridor sand ground and Gu Erbantonggute desert etc.
The host plant of saline cistanche is a sacsaoul, and obligatory parasitism is in the root of sacsaoul.The sowing of saline cistanche has ditch kind and hole kind of two kinds of methods.Sacsaoul is concentrated and the ditch kind should be adopted in smooth forest land or tame sacsaoul forest land, is convenient to management.Hole kind of method is adopted in the sparse and rough forest land of sacsaoul.Because cistanche deserticola seed is tiny and generally be no more than 10% without directly sowing parasitic success rate after the preliminary treatment by kind of plant hole number calculating.During sowing general earlier cistanche deserticola seed is carried out preliminary treatment (like patent 201110242778.X) after, adopt the artificial mode of making seed paper by hand evenly to be seeded in seed in the ditch or in the hole.The making of cistanche deserticola seed paper is paper (like wrapping paper) commonly used to be tailored into certain specification (paper-carrier of 30cm * 10cm) is made the lapping paper of same size with the soft paper (like toilet paper) of good permeability.Cistanche deserticola seed compresses lapping paper and paper-carrier through evenly being sprinkling upon after the preliminary treatment on the paper-carrier of brushing certain stickiness mud liquid in advance, is positioned over to be used for sowing after dry at dry place.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of a kind of saline cistanche (Cistanche deserticola Ma) seed grain, comprise cistanche deserticola seed is attached to the spheroid carrier surface, obtain said cistanche deserticola seed grain.The present invention compares with seed paper and is more suitable for mechanization production.
In order to provide nutrition to improve the parasitic success rate of saline cistanche, said spheroid carrier specifically can be soybean, selects for use the soybean of no germination ability under the general condition to get final product, and can reduce production costs.
Said adhering to comprises with clay and fine sand said cistanche deserticola seed adhered to said spheroid carrier surface.
Said adhering to comprises with said clay and fine sand said cistanche deserticola seed and sheep excrement adhered to said spheroid carrier surface; The sheep excrement is as fertilizer, and the lateral root that can promote the host plant sacsaoul is to the high soil place growth of nutrient component; Prepare the operation of executing the sheep excrement before interpolation can reduce sowing in the process in ditch or in the hole at seed grain, the amount of interpolation sheep excrement is used more accurately and control easily with respect to manual work in seed grain simultaneously;
Said sheep excrement specifically can be fermentation sheep excrement, to reduce growing of disease entomogenous fungi.
Said adhering to specifically can carry out according to the method that comprises the steps:
1) being soaked in water said soybean back is argillic horizon at its surface said clay of even adhesion one deck; Fold can appear in epidermis after said soybean was soaked in water, and helped the adhesion of clay particle;
2) the even mixture that adheres to said clay of one deck and said sheep excrement is a sheep excrement layer outside the said argillic horizon of step 1);
3) in step 2) said sheep excrement layer outside evenly adhere to said fine sand of one deck and said cistanche deserticola seed mixture be Seed Layer;
4) the even mixture that adheres to said clay of one deck and said fine sand is a protective layer outside the said Seed Layer of step 3), can protect said cistanche deserticola seed and prevent that it from coming off.
Said step 1) is mixed the said argillic horizon of acquisition according to every said soybean with the said clay of 0.22g-0.33g (like 0.22g, 0.28g, 0.33g);
And/or, said step 2) be that said clay that 1:1 mixes mixes with the mixture of said sheep excrement and obtains said sheep excrement layer with the mass ratio according to every said soybean and 0.08g-0.14g (like 0.08g, 0.11g, 0.14g);
And/or said step 3) is that the said cistanche deserticola seed that 1:100-1:150 (like 1:100,1:125,1:150) mixes mixes the said Seed Layer of acquisition with the mixture of said fine sand according to every said soybean with the mass ratio with 0.11g-0.17g (like 0.11g, 0.14g, 0.17g);
And/or said step 4) is that the said clay that 1:1 mixes mixes the said protective layer of acquisition with the mixture of said fine sand according to every said soybean with the mass ratio with 0.11g-0.17g (like 0.11g, 0.14g, 0.17g);
And/or, diameter >=0.3cm of said soybean.
The present invention also provides a kind of spheroid carrier that is used to prepare the cistanche deserticola seed grain, and said spheroid carrier obtains after with soybean surface attachment clay and sheep excrement, and said soybean does not have the germination ability;
Said spheroid carrier obtains according to the method that comprises the steps:
A) said soybean is soaked in water evenly to adhere to the said clay of one deck on its surface be argillic horizon in the back;
B) mixture that outside the said argillic horizon of step a), evenly adheres to said clay of one deck and said sheep excrement is a sheep excrement layer, obtains said spheroid carrier;
Specifically can be:
Said step a) is mixed the said argillic horizon of acquisition according to every said soybean with the said clay of 0.22g-0.33g;
And/or said step b) is that the said clay that 1:1 mixes mixes the said sheep excrement layer of acquisition with the mixture of said sheep excrement according to every said soybean with the mass ratio with 0.08g-0.14g;
And/or, diameter >=0.3cm of said soybean.
Said sheep excrement specifically can be fermentation sheep excrement, to reduce growing of disease entomogenous fungi.
Another object of the present invention provides the method for a kind of artificial infection saline cistanche (Cistanche deserticola Ma), is included in other basic unit soil cave (degree of depth 70cm) of host haloxylon ammondendron and throws in said cistanche deserticola seed grain; Specifically can be: contain 80-120 of said cistanche deserticola seeds altogether in the said cistanche deserticola seed grain of throwing in each said cave.
When throwing in said cistanche deserticola seed grain, also can throw in Sophora alopecuroide (Sophora alopecuroidesL.) plant powder simultaneously; Sophora alopecuroide can prevent the destruction of soil insect to saline cistanche as vegetable insecticide; Specifically can be: the said Sophora alopecuroide plant powder in each said cave is 3-5 grams;
Said Sophora alopecuroide plant powder is with growing root to the Sophora alopecuroide at florescence, stem, leaf results and drying naturally, pulverize and obtain.
Artificial infection traditional Chinese medicine provided by the present invention " cistanche deserticola seed grain " adopts machinery production processing; Can produce inoculation in batches and use seed; Change the production technology of making " cistanche deserticola seed paper " fully by manual work by hand, improved operating efficiency greatly, reduced artificial seed's labour cost.Simultaneously, the present invention has improved the method for artificial infection saline cistanche, utilizes cistanche deserticola seed grain artificial infection saline cistanche, and parasitic success rate has improved 12%, uses Sophora alopecuroide plant powder to reduce the damage by disease and insect incidence first simultaneously, and overall benefit is obviously improved.The present invention produces in manual work has very wide application prospect in the saline cistanche field.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a cistanche deserticola seed grain of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is for throwing in the cave of cistanche deserticola seed grain.
Embodiment
Employed experimental technique is conventional method like no specified otherwise among the following embodiment.
Used material, reagent etc. like no specified otherwise, all can obtain from commercial sources among the following embodiment.
The preparation method of embodiment 1, cistanche deserticola seed grain and artificial infection
One, preparation cistanche deserticola seed grain raw material
1, cistanche deserticola seed
Ripe saline cistanche (Cistanche deserticola Ma) seed (the nomadic gang in the Inner Mongol bio tech ltd of method preliminary treatment 2 gram 2-5 according to patent 201110242778.X; Specification: 2-5 is ripe; Color and luster is a pitchy, diameter >=0.5mm; Thousand kernel weight >=0.08 gram), concrete grammar is following:
1) preparation seed treatment liquid:
A, preparation Bai Cigen leaching liquor
The Bai Cigen of 0.5kg is cleaned the back peeling, the root skin is put into the cold water of 1kg, soaked 12 hours, immersion liquid is poured out, (not needing filtration) promptly obtains the Bai Cigen leaching liquor, and be subsequent use.
B, preparation trace element water-soluble liquid
With 44.6g MnSO
4H
2O, 1.72g ZnSO
47H
2O, 12.4g H
3BO
3, 1.6g KI, 0.5g Na
2MoO
42H
2O, 0.5g CuSO
45H
2O and 0.05g CoCl
2Be dissolved in the 1L distilled water, obtain mother liquor; Get 2L distilled water again, add the 1ml mother liquor, promptly obtain trace element water-soluble liquid;
C, preparation potassium permanganate solution
With 1g KMnO
4Be dissolved in the 1000g water, promptly obtain 0.1% potassium permanganate solution.
D, with above-mentioned Bai Cigen leaching liquor, trace element water-soluble liquid and potassium permanganate solution mixed according to the 1:1:1 volume ratio, promptly obtain seed treatment liquid.
2) preliminary treatment of cistanche deserticola seed
Under the normal temperature condition, the seed treatment liquid immersion cistanche deserticola seed for preparing with step 1) took out seed after 10 hours, and is subsequent use after the natural seasoning.
2, spheroid carrier
Stock soybean (no germination ability), diameter >=0.3cm, 40 ℃ of emerge in worm water 20 minutes.
3, fine sand.
4, clay: the powder that ball clay is ground into.
5, fermentation sheep excrement powder.
Two, the making of cistanche deserticola seed grain
1, get the soybean that 2 warps soaked in 1800 step 1 and pour in the sugar coating machine jar, start is rotation at the uniform velocity; Pour 500 gram clays (being that every soybean mixes with the 0.28g clay) into, be adhered to the soybean surface, oven dry while rotating;
2, a small amount of water spray back adding 200 gram masses are than being the fermentation sheep excrement powder of 1:1 and the mixture (being that every soybean is that the clay that 1:1 mixes mixes with the mixture of sheep excrement with the mass ratio with 0.11g) of clay, and sugar coating machine is dried while rotating;
3, add 1 mixture in the 2 gram step 1 (being that every soybean is that the cistanche deserticola seed that 1:125 mixes mixes the said Seed Layer of acquisition with the mixture of fine sand with the mass ratio with 0.14g) through pretreated cistanche deserticola seed and 300 gram fine sands; Sugar coating machine only rotates, and turns off the oven dry button;
4, be sprinkled into 250 gram masses than carrying out the seed grain dressing with the mixture (being that the clay that 1:1 mixes mixes with the mixture of fine sand with the mass ratio with 0.14g promptly) of fine sand behind a small amount of water spray, obtain cistanche deserticola seed grain (Fig. 1) according to every soybean for the clay of 1:1.
According to the cistanche deserticola seed grain of 1800 of the each systems of the method for step 1-4, average every adheres to 13 pieces of cistanche deserticola seeds.
Three, the artificial infection of cistanche deserticola seed grain
1, choose the host plant sacsaoul of the 2-4 age of tree, distance between rows and hills is 2 meters * 3 meters, every mu of about 110 strain (each production of hybrid seeds seed 1800-2000, can inoculate host plant sacsaoul >=1 mu);
2, apart from the about 50 centimetres side of host plant sacsaoul trunk, water brill method is 45 and beats and dash 2 dark 70 centimetres, the inoculation cave (Fig. 2) of diameter 10cm;
3, every cave divides 2 layers to throw in 8 cistanche deserticola seed grains that step 2 obtains, and every interlayer is thrown in 4 of seed grains for every layer at a distance from 5 centimetres;
4, throw in plant powder 5 grams (is contrast to put fine sand replacement Sophora alopecuroide) of vegetable insecticide Sophora alopecuroide (Sophora alopecuroides L.) between the every layer of seed grain in every cave, put into about 100 grams of fine sand again;
5, the backfill fine sand is to 10 centimeters apart from the face of land, and it is subsequent use to give over to retaining, manages according to conventional method.
6, statistical method
Three repetitions, results averaged are established in experiment:
1) the parasitic survival rate of back 3 months statistics of inoculation saline cistanche:
Every mu of inoculating cistanche salsa cave of ÷ number * 100% is counted in parasitic survival rate=every mu of one-tenth quick desert cistanche cave
2) a situation arises for the individual damage by disease and insect of the immature plant of back 3 months statistics of inoculation saline cistanche:
Each repeats random sampling 30 strains, adds up, and ÷ 30 * 100% is counted in the strain of damage by disease and insect incidence=generation damage by disease and insect
Four, result
The parasitic survival rate of artificial infection cistanche deserticola seed grain is 82%.The damage by disease and insect incidence of throwing in Sophora alopecuroide plant powder is 0; The damage by disease and insect incidence that Sophora alopecuroide plant powder is not thrown in contrast is 10%.
The method II
One, preparation cistanche deserticola seed grain raw material is with the method I.
Two, the making of cistanche deserticola seed grain
1, get the soybean that 2 warps soaked in 1800 step 1 and pour in the sugar coating machine jar, start is rotation at the uniform velocity; Pour 400 gram clays (being that every soybean mixes with the 0.22g clay) into, be adhered to the soybean surface, oven dry while rotating;
2, a small amount of water spray back adding 150 gram masses are than being the fermentation sheep excrement powder of 1:1 and the mixture (being that every soybean is that the clay that 1:1 mixes mixes with the mixture of sheep excrement with the mass ratio with 0.08g) of clay, and sugar coating machine is dried while rotating;
3, add 1 mixture in the 2 gram step 1 (being that every soybean is that the cistanche deserticola seed that 1:100 mixes mixes the said Seed Layer of acquisition with the mixture of fine sand with the mass ratio with 0.11g) through pretreated cistanche deserticola seed and 200 gram fine sands; Sugar coating machine only rotates, and turns off the oven dry button;
4, be sprinkled into 200 gram masses than carrying out the seed grain dressing with the mixture (being that the clay that 1:1 mixes mixes with the mixture of fine sand with the mass ratio with 0.11g promptly) of fine sand behind a small amount of water spray, obtain cistanche deserticola seed grain (Fig. 1) according to every soybean for the clay of 1:1.
According to the cistanche deserticola seed grain of 1800 of the each systems of the method for step 1-4, average every adheres to 10 pieces of cistanche deserticola seeds.
Three, the artificial infection of cistanche deserticola seed grain
1, with 1 in the method I step 3.
2, with 2 in the method I step 3.
3, with 3 in the method I step 3.
4, throw in plant powder 4 grams (is contrast to put fine sand replacement Sophora alopecuroide) of vegetable insecticide Sophora alopecuroide (Sophora alopecuroides L.) between the every layer of seed grain in every cave, put into about 100 grams of fine sand again.
5, with 5 in the method I step 3.
6, statistical method is with 6 in the method I step 3.
Four, result
I does not have significant difference with method.
The method III
One, preparation cistanche deserticola seed grain raw material is with the method I.
Two, the making of cistanche deserticola seed grain
1, get the soybean that 2 warps soaked in 1800 step 1 and pour in the sugar coating machine jar, start is rotation at the uniform velocity; Pour 600 gram clays (being that every soybean mixes with the 0.33g clay) into, be adhered to the soybean surface, oven dry while rotating;
2, a small amount of water spray back adding 250 gram masses are than being the fermentation sheep excrement powder of 1:1 and the mixture (being that every soybean is that the clay that 1:1 mixes mixes with the mixture of sheep excrement with the mass ratio with 0.14g) of clay, and sugar coating machine is dried while rotating;
3, add 1 mixture in the 2 gram step 1 (being that every soybean is that the cistanche deserticola seed that 1:150 mixes mixes the said Seed Layer of acquisition with the mixture of fine sand with the mass ratio with 0.17g) through pretreated cistanche deserticola seed and 300 gram fine sands; Sugar coating machine only rotates, and turns off the oven dry button;
4, be sprinkled into 300 gram masses than carrying out the seed grain dressing with the mixture (being that the clay that 1:1 mixes mixes with the mixture of fine sand with the mass ratio with 0.17g promptly) of fine sand behind a small amount of water spray, obtain cistanche deserticola seed grain (Fig. 1) according to every soybean for the clay of 1:1.
According to the cistanche deserticola seed grain of 1800 of the each systems of the method for step 1-4, average every adheres to 15 pieces of cistanche deserticola seeds.
Three, the artificial infection of cistanche deserticola seed grain
1, with 1 in the method I step 3.
2, with 2 in the method I step 3.
3, with 3 in the method I step 3.
4, throw in plant powder 3 grams (is contrast to put fine sand replacement Sophora alopecuroide) of vegetable insecticide Sophora alopecuroide (Sophora alopecuroides L.) between the every layer of seed grain in every cave, put into about 100 grams of fine sand again.
5, with 5 in the method I step 3.
6, statistical method is with 6 in the method I step 3.
Four, result
I does not have significant difference with method.
Comparative Examples 1, seed paper legal person worker inoculating cistanche salsa
One, the making of seed paper
1, cistanche deserticola seed
With 1 of the step 1 of method I among the embodiment 1.
2, cistanche deserticola seed paper
With (1) in the patent 201110242778.X embodiment 1 method I step 3, specific as follows:
1000g clay and 2500g running water are mixed into thickened drilling fluid; Be coated on the paper of wide 10cm, long 30cm; The cistanche deserticola seed of step 1 is taken advantage of mud evenly spread (200/300 square centimeters) on the mud when not dried, cover the very thin toilet paper of one deck again, dry back is subsequent use.
Two, the artificial infection of cistanche deserticola seed paper
1, with 1 of embodiment 1 method I step 3;
2, with 2 of embodiment 1 method I step 3;
3,2 seed paper of step 1 is vertically put into the cave, the one side of cover sanitary paper is towards host's sacsaoul;
4, seed paper is against a side in cave;
5, the backfill fine sand is to 10 centimeters apart from the face of land, and it is subsequent use to give over to retaining, manages according to conventional method.
6, statistical method: inoculate back 3 months parasitic survival rates (three repetitions, results averaged are established in experiment) of statistics saline cistanche, every mu of inoculating cistanche salsa cave of ÷ number * 100% is counted in parasitic survival rate=every mu of one-tenth quick desert cistanche cave.
Four, result
The parasitic survival rate of artificial infection cistanche deserticola seed paper is 70%.
The result of embodiment 1 and Comparative Examples 1 shows, compares with artificial infection cistanche deserticola seed paper, and artificial infection cistanche deserticola seed grain efficient is high, and parasitic survival rate improves 12%; Throw in Sophora alopecuroide plant powder during artificial infection, can obviously reduce the damage by disease and insect incidence, thereby improve the saline cistanche yield and quality.
Claims (10)
1. the preparation method of a saline cistanche (Cistanche deserticola Ma) seed grain comprises cistanche deserticola seed is attached to the spheroid carrier surface, obtains said cistanche deserticola seed grain.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said spheroid carrier is a soybean.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: said adhering to comprises with clay and fine sand said cistanche deserticola seed is attached to said spheroid carrier surface.
4. method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: said adhering to comprises with clay and fine sand said cistanche deserticola seed and sheep excrement is attached to said spheroid carrier surface.
5. method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: said adhering to according to the method that comprises the steps carries out:
1) said soybean is soaked in water evenly to adhere to the said clay of one deck on its surface be argillic horizon in the back;
2) mixture that outside the said argillic horizon of step 1), evenly adheres to said clay of one deck and said sheep excrement is a sheep excrement layer;
3) in step 2) said sheep excrement layer outside evenly adhere to said fine sand of one deck and said cistanche deserticola seed mixture be Seed Layer;
4) mixture that outside the said Seed Layer of step 3), evenly adheres to said clay of one deck and said fine sand is a protective layer.
6. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that:
Said step 1) is mixed the said argillic horizon of acquisition according to every said soybean with the said clay of 0.22g-0.33g;
And/or, said step 2) be that said clay that 1:1 mixes mixes with the mixture of said sheep excrement and obtains said sheep excrement layer with the mass ratio according to every said soybean and 0.08-0.14g;
And/or said step 3) is that the said cistanche deserticola seed that 1:100-1:150 mixes mixes the said Seed Layer of acquisition with the mixture of said fine sand according to every said soybean with the mass ratio with 0.11g-0.17g;
And/or said step 4) is that the said clay that 1:1 mixes mixes the said protective layer of acquisition with the mixture of said fine sand according to every said soybean with the mass ratio with 0.11g-0.17g;
And/or, diameter >=0.3cm of said soybean.
7. spheroid carrier that is used to prepare the cistanche deserticola seed grain, it is characterized in that: said spheroid carrier obtains after clay and sheep excrement are evenly adhered in the soybean surface, and said soybean does not have the germination ability.
8. spheroid carrier according to claim 7 is characterized in that: said spheroid carrier obtains according to the method that comprises the steps:
A) said soybean is soaked in water evenly to adhere to the said clay of one deck on its surface be argillic horizon in the back;
B) mixture that outside the said argillic horizon of step a), evenly adheres to said clay of one deck and said sheep excrement is a sheep excrement layer, obtains said spheroid carrier;
Be specially:
Said step a) is mixed the said argillic horizon of acquisition according to every said soybean with the said clay of 0.22g-0.33g;
And/or said step b) is that the said clay that 1:1 mixes mixes the said sheep excrement layer of acquisition with the mixture of said sheep excrement according to every said soybean with the mass ratio with 0.08-0.14g;
And/or, diameter >=0.3cm of said soybean.
9. the method for an artificial infection saline cistanche (Cistanche deserticola Ma) is included in host haloxylon ammondendron master and sets the said cistanche deserticola seed grain that the arbitrary method of input claim 1-6 prepares in the other basic unit soil cave; Be specially: contain 80-120 of said cistanche deserticola seeds altogether in the said cistanche deserticola seed grain in each said cave.
10. method according to claim 9 is characterized in that: in said cave, throw in Sophora alopecuroide (Sophora alopecuroides L.) plant powder; Be specially: the said Sophora alopecuroide plant powder in each said cave is 3-5 grams.
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CN104160859A (en) * | 2014-08-05 | 2014-11-26 | 张掖市林业科学技术推广站 | Cistanche salsa planting method |
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CN105010132A (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2015-11-04 | 宁夏农林科学院 | Method for efficiently inducing germination of seeds of herba cistanche |
CN107484456A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-12-19 | 甘肃汇勤生物科技有限公司 | A kind of cultural method for improving saline cistanche yield and quality |
CN107960171A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2018-04-27 | 甘肃汇勤生物科技有限公司 | A kind of cultural method for improving Cistanche tubulosa yield and quality |
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