CN102742396A - Method for improving sunflower lead resistance by applying photosynthetic bacteria - Google Patents
Method for improving sunflower lead resistance by applying photosynthetic bacteria Download PDFInfo
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- CN102742396A CN102742396A CN2012102194407A CN201210219440A CN102742396A CN 102742396 A CN102742396 A CN 102742396A CN 2012102194407 A CN2012102194407 A CN 2012102194407A CN 201210219440 A CN201210219440 A CN 201210219440A CN 102742396 A CN102742396 A CN 102742396A
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Abstract
Relating to a method for improving adverse situations of soil, the invention provides a method for improving sunflower lead resistance by applying photosynthetic bacteria. The method comprises: before sunflower sowing, taking a photosynthetic bacterium agent stock solution to dilute 10 times for seed soaking, and monitoring the sunflower chlorophyll content every week from the one-leaf and one-terminal bud stage. The process consists of: selecting 3-5 typical plants within a group, choosing totally unfolded leaves at the top nodes, and determining the chlorophyll content. If the chlorophyll content is about 1.9mg/L, the plants are shown to be in normal growth, and spraying of a photosynthetic bacterium agent can be unnecessary, or at the initial flowering stage, and a calcium chloride solution with a concentration of 0.1mol/L is employed for leaf surface spraying for one time, and 24 hours later the photosynthetic bacterium agent stock solution is diluted 200 times and sprayed for one time. Being simple to operate, the method can effectively mitigate the phenomena of few root, slow growth, weak overground part and the like caused by lead poisoning, and has an obvious yield increase effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of improving the soil adverse circumstance, particularly relate to a kind of method that photosynthetic bacteria is improved the anti-lead property of sunflower of using.
Background technology
Plumbous solvability in soil is little, and the holdup time is long, is a kind of nondegradable environmental contaminants.China's soil lead pollution amount is big and wide; Along with the fast development of expressway construction, a large amount of uses of doped fuel, urban sewage and garbage disposal are improper; The unreasonable discharging of " three wastes " that commercial production produced; The use of agricultural chemicals, weed killer herbicide and chemical fertilizer, and the reasons such as abandoned land that cause because of mining are on the rise the soil lead pollution.
Lead is not the indispensable element that animal and plant grow.Plumbous passive entering plant roots, skin or blade and accumulation make hazard of plant.Pb is significant to the influence of plant root growth, reduces the mitotic rate of root cells, and the root amount reduces, and root cap expands, blackening, rotten, and plant shoot decomposing biological amount descends subsequently, and leaf chlorosis is obvious, and is withered, dead gradually when serious; Plumbous accumulation also directly influences the metabolism of cell, the destruction that causes the active oxygen metabolism enzyme system; High Pb concentration also makes seed germination rate and radicle length, epicotyl length reduce, even the radicle necrosis occur.What more paid close attention to is that plumbous meeting gets into food chain, jeopardizes human beings'health.Lead is multisystem property, many organs property and irreversibility to body injury, and it is even more serious with the harm of intelligence to children's health as the central nervous system poisonous substance.
The improvement of lead-contaminated soil and development and use are mainly comprised two aspects, the improvement of first lead-contaminated soil, it two is anti-plumbous hereditary capacities of fully excavating and utilizing plant, promptly screens anti-plumbous kind and the anti-plumbous related gene of clone.The physico-chemical process remediating lead-contaminated soil that adopts at present; Expensive; Destroy environment, cause secondary pollution easily, and often can not reach the real plumbous purpose of removing; The phytoremediation technology that occurred in nearly ten years makes soil lead be able to remove under the condition of not destroying environment, is a kind of green environmental protection technique.The plant that is used for the rehabilitating soil lead pollution comprises roundleaf penny cress, cattail, sunflower, goldenrod, fescue grass, corn, corn sow thistle, Sedum alfredii Hance etc., and wherein economic crops form with the creation economic worth because of biomass is relatively large and are first-selection.But; No matter in the higher contaminated soil of lead concentration, carry out phytoremediation; Still the plumbous economic crops of plantation tolerance are to obtain output in the lower soil of lead concentration, and plant strain growth is slow, growing way is weak, biomass is little all is one of the main factor of restriction effect.If can explore effective processing method, make the growth that crop still can be quick, a large amount of in lead-contaminated soil, then increase income all of great advantage for pollution control and crop.
Sunflower is one of economic crops of the extensive cultivation of the China and even the world.Its seed is commonly called as sunflower seed, is all-ages snacks after the meal, the sunflower oil of the low cholesterol of can squeezing out again, and the dregs of fat are made feed.Its flower is bright generous, can do cut-flower.Sunflower is plumbous enriching plant, can remove the lead in the soil through the mode of plant extraction, yet plumbous toxic action makes the sunflower root amount few, poor growth, and biomass is little.If can improve the anti-plumbous ability of sunflower, when making it to keep higher concentration coefficient, increase biomass, then increased the plumbous extraction total amount of soil, accelerate the improvement process, and can gather in the crops higher output, create economy and social value.
Photosynthetic bacteria can carry out non-oxygen-production photosynthesis in the illumination anoxic environment is arranged, compare with higher plant, and it also contains and similarly catches photopigment, but has only a photosystem, i.e. PSI, and original hydrogen donor is not a water, but H
2S (or some organic matters).Photosynthetic bacteria has been accomplished again and has produced very important chemical process in hydrogen, fixed nitrogen, three natural world material circulation of decomposing organic matter in the assimilation process of self.These characteristics of photosynthetic bacteria have remedied sunflower and in lead-contaminated soil, have absorbed the phenomenon that overground part photosynthesis that oligotrophy causes weakens because of root system; Improve leaf chlorophyll and carotenoid content greatly; Strengthen photosynthetic rate; And promote the growth of sunflower root system conversely, thereby reach the raising resistance, the purpose that increases production and improves productivity.Therefore photosynthetic bacteria anaerobism illumination cultivation does not need general microbial inoculum to produce required large-scale instrument and equipments such as fermentation tank, and production cost is very low; Production process safety is used the back environmental friendliness, and is efficient again; Simple to operate, be the first-selected way that solves lead-contaminated soil plantation sunflower problem.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method that photosynthetic bacteria is improved the anti-lead property of sunflower of using, sunflower growth in the lead-contaminated soil is had efficient promotion property.Extremely significantly increase chlorophyll, carotenoid content, plant height and stem is thick, dry weight, fresh weight, photosynthesis all increase substantially, and resistance index content such as MDA, proline, POD enzyme improve.
The objective of the invention is to realize through following technical scheme:
A kind of method of using the anti-lead property of photosynthetic bacteria raising sunflower, its said method comprises following process: before the sunflower sowing, get 10 times of seed soaking of photosynthetic bacteria microbial inoculum stoste dilution; From one heart stage an of leaf, monitor the sunflower chlorophyll content weekly, method is: select typical plant 3-5 strain in the colony; Choose the blade of expansion fully at place, topmost joint position, measure chlorophyll content, if chlorophyll content is when the 1.9mg/L left and right sides; Expression plant strain growth this moment is more normal; Can spray the photosynthetic bacteria microbial inoculum, or the calcium chloride solution foliage-spray of getting 0.1mol/L at initial bloom stage once, get the dilution of photosynthetic bacteria microbial inoculum stoste after 24 hours again and spray once for 200 times and get final product.
The described a kind of method that photosynthetic bacteria is improved the anti-lead property of sunflower, its said photosynthetic bacteria microbial inoculum product proterties: bronzing liquid used; Or faint yellow or yellowish-brown powder, component content: photosynthetic bacteria >=5,000,000,000/ml or photosynthetic bacteria >=10,000,000,000/gram.
Described a kind of method that photosynthetic bacteria is improved the anti-lead property of sunflower of using; Its said photosynthetic bacteria microbial inoculum stoste: when the product proterties is liquid; Product stoste is photosynthetic bacteria microbial inoculum stoste; When the product proterties is powder, in the ratio of 2ml distilled water microbial inoculum is processed stoste according to every gram powder dissolution.
Described a kind of method that photosynthetic bacteria is improved the anti-lead property of sunflower of using, its said calcium chloride solution is: SILVER REAGENT, AR analyzes pure, uses distilled water to be mixed with the calcium chloride solution of concentration as 0.1mol/L.
Advantage of the present invention and effect are:
This method is easy and simple to handle, the operating period to accuse of characteristic index precisely clear and definite, use cost is low, process safety is used the back environmental friendliness, and sunflower growth in the lead-contaminated soil is had efficient promotion property.Extremely significantly increase chlorophyll, carotenoid content; Plant height and stem is thick, dry weight, fresh weight, photosynthesis all increase substantially, and resistance index content such as MDA, proline, POD enzyme improve, and make sunflower can tolerate the lead-contaminated soil of 1500mgPb/kg soil; It is few effectively to alleviate the root amount that causes because of saturnism; Poor growth, phenomenon such as acrial part is small and weak, obvious effect of increasing production.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is elaborated.
The acquisition of photosynthetic bacteria microbial inoculum: buy commercially available photosynthetic bacteria microbial inoculum.This product operative norm: in " People's Republic of China's agricultural industry criteria " " photosynthetic bacteria microbial inoculum NY 527-2002 ".Product proterties: bronzing liquid; Faint yellow or yellowish-brown powder.
Calcium chloride (CaCl
2) solution: buy commercially available calcium chloride, SILVER REAGENT, AR analyzes pure getting final product.Use distilled water to be mixed with the calcium chloride solution of concentration as 0.1mol/L.
Embodiment:
This method is applicable at concentration of lead contamination and is lower than anti-lead property and the output that improves cultivating sunflower in the soil of 1500mgPb/kg soil.
Before the sunflower sowing, get 10 times of seed soaking of photosynthetic bacteria microbial inoculum stoste dilution.From one heart stage an of leaf, monitor the sunflower chlorophyll content weekly.Method is: select typical plant 3-5 strain in the colony; Choose the blade of expansion fully at place, topmost joint position, according to Chen Jianxun (Chen Jianxun chief editor, " plant physiology experiment instructs (second edition) "; Publishing house of South China Science & Engineering University, 87 pages) method measure chlorophyll content.If chlorophyll content is when the 1.9mg/L left and right sides; Expression plant strain growth this moment is more normal; Can spray the photosynthetic bacteria microbial inoculum, or the calcium chloride solution foliage-spray of getting 0.1mol/L at initial bloom stage once, get the dilution of photosynthetic bacteria microbial inoculum stoste after 24 hours again and spray once for 200 times and get final product.Note, after the entering florescence, only spray cauline leaf, do not spray floral disc.
If chlorophyll content is lower than 1.7mg/L, the expression plant strain growth receives the influence of lead-contaminated soil, and perusal this moment plant strain growth is still normal; Careful identification can find that the plant under the leaf look normal growing state is light slightly; Should get the calcium chloride solution foliage-spray of 0.1mol/L this moment as early as possible, gets the dilution of photosynthetic bacteria microbial inoculum stoste after 24 hours again and spray for 200 times, at interval after the week; Method repeat spraying calcium chloride as above and photosynthetic bacteria microbial inoculum; And continuous track determining chlorophyll content, till it reaches 1.9mg/L, after this should respectively spray once at squaring period, full-bloom stage.
If chlorophyll content is lower than 1.5mg/L, the expression plant strain growth is had a strong impact on, and at first the leaf look thin out for the perusal plant, and withered phenomenon can appear in vane thickness attenuation subsequently, and lower blade is turned to be yellow even come off.Should, withered phenomenon spray the calcium chloride solution of 0.1mol/L before taking place as early as possible; The calcium chloride solution of foliage-spray 0.1mol/L once more after 12 hours; To increase responsing reaction; Get photosynthetic bacteria microbial inoculum stoste dilution after 24 hours again and spray for 200 times, at interval after 3 days, repeat spraying calcium chloride and photosynthetic bacteria microbial inoculum.After spraying twice continuously, must stop using solvent more than 2 weeks, the chlorophyll content of continuous monitoring simultaneously according to new chlorophyll content numerical value behind the use solvent, is taked above-mentioned corresponding processing method.Management such as other liquid manure is normal.Other application notice of photosynthetic bacteria microbial inoculum please refer to its commodity operation instructions.
Claims (4)
1. use the method that photosynthetic bacteria is improved the anti-lead property of sunflower for one kind, it is characterized in that said method comprises following process: before the sunflower sowing; Get 10 times of seed soaking of photosynthetic bacteria microbial inoculum stoste dilution,, monitor the sunflower chlorophyll content weekly from one heart stage an of leaf; Method is: select typical plant 3-5 strain in the colony; Choose the blade of expansion fully at place, topmost joint position, measure chlorophyll content, if chlorophyll content is when the 1.9mg/L left and right sides; Expression plant strain growth this moment is more normal; Can spray the photosynthetic bacteria microbial inoculum, or the calcium chloride solution foliage-spray of getting 0.1mol/L at initial bloom stage once, get the dilution of photosynthetic bacteria microbial inoculum stoste after 24 hours again and spray once for 200 times and get final product.
2. a kind of method that photosynthetic bacteria is improved the anti-lead property of sunflower of using according to claim 1 is characterized in that said photosynthetic bacteria microbial inoculum product proterties: bronzing liquid; Or faint yellow or yellowish-brown powder, component content: photosynthetic bacteria >=5,000,000,000/ml or photosynthetic bacteria >=10,000,000,000/gram.
3. a kind of method that photosynthetic bacteria is improved the anti-lead property of sunflower of using according to claim 2; It is characterized in that; Said photosynthetic bacteria microbial inoculum stoste: when the product proterties is liquid; Product stoste is photosynthetic bacteria microbial inoculum stoste, when the product proterties is powder, in the ratio of 2ml distilled water microbial inoculum is processed stoste according to every gram powder dissolution.
4. a kind of method that photosynthetic bacteria is improved the anti-lead property of sunflower of using according to claim 2, it is characterized in that said calcium chloride solution is: SILVER REAGENT, AR analyzes pure, uses distilled water to be mixed with the calcium chloride solution of concentration as 0.1mol/L.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103004496A (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2013-04-03 | 沈阳化工大学 | Method for improving tolerance of rape to petroleum and lead contaminated soil by applying photosynthetic bacteria |
| CN103004420A (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2013-04-03 | 沈阳化工大学 | Method for improving tolerance of soybean to petroleum and lead contaminated soil by applying photosynthetic bacteria |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101940112A (en) * | 2010-07-05 | 2011-01-12 | 沈阳化工大学 | Method for improving lead resistance of sunflower by utilizing foliar spraying microorganism |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101940112A (en) * | 2010-07-05 | 2011-01-12 | 沈阳化工大学 | Method for improving lead resistance of sunflower by utilizing foliar spraying microorganism |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
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| 林长存: "不同营养水平和EDTA对铅污染土壤植物修复的影响及植物对铅胁迫响应的研究", 《中国博士学位论文全文数据库》, no. 11, 15 November 2009 (2009-11-15) * |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103004496A (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2013-04-03 | 沈阳化工大学 | Method for improving tolerance of rape to petroleum and lead contaminated soil by applying photosynthetic bacteria |
| CN103004420A (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2013-04-03 | 沈阳化工大学 | Method for improving tolerance of soybean to petroleum and lead contaminated soil by applying photosynthetic bacteria |
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