CN102718007B - Automatic classification dustbin based on capacitive sensor principle - Google Patents

Automatic classification dustbin based on capacitive sensor principle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102718007B
CN102718007B CN201210141139.9A CN201210141139A CN102718007B CN 102718007 B CN102718007 B CN 102718007B CN 201210141139 A CN201210141139 A CN 201210141139A CN 102718007 B CN102718007 B CN 102718007B
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China
Prior art keywords
rubbish
slideway
screw mandrel
guide groove
push pedal
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201210141139.9A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN102718007A (en
Inventor
张春燕
赵振锋
唐宇欣
潘春林
丁世林
龙刚
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Shanghai University of Engineering Science
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Shanghai University of Engineering Science
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/10Waste collection, transportation, transfer or storage, e.g. segregated refuse collecting, electric or hybrid propulsion
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/60Glass recycling

Abstract

The invention relates to an automatic classification dustbin based on a capacitive sensor principle. The automatic classification dustbin comprises a detection device; the detection device comprises a slide way, a tail end of the slide way is not closed, and a beginning end is fixed with a baffle plate; a push device used for pushing matters on the slide way to move forward is installed on the baffle plate; N capacitive proximity switch sensors are arranged successively along a slide way direction at a lower slide way edge from one side closer to the baffle plate; distances between the N capacitive proximity switch sensors and the lower slide way edge are increased successively; according to the capacitive sensor principle, capacitive proximity switch sensor induction distances are different if dielectric constants are different; detection distances of domestic wastes such as metal, cell, glass, plastic and paper, and the like are decreased successively; and a classification device is driven to turn around by a stepping motor, thereby waste classification is completed. According to the invention, a waste classification scheme with a simple classification mode, multiple classification types, a simple structure, no noise and an energy-saving way is provided, and the scheme assists in solving a problem that a device volume is huge in the prior art.

Description

A kind of automatic sorting garbage bin based on capacitance-type sensor principle
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of automatic sorting garbage bin based on capacitance-type sensor principle, belong to electromechanical integration technology area.
Background technology
Garbage can structure in daily life is simple, relies on people's consciousness completely, could realize refuse classification, and the yield of rubbish is very little, the garbage reclamation efficiency of out of reach expection.Although recycling rubbish also, reclaiming, rely on people's operation repeatedly, efficiency is low, and very inconvenient.The design of existing several automatic classification garbage apparatus in prior art, the relevant design of domestic Tsing-Hua University for example, job procedure is substantially: drop into rubbish; Whether metal detector detects is metal, the work of classification execution module, and the first step has been classified; Compression module work, whether travel switch detects is capable of compressing garbage, the work of classification execution module, second step has been classified; Knock module work, classification judge module carries out aud. snl. judgement, the work of classification execution module, and the 3rd step has been classified.The utility model patent that for example application number is 201020661576.X again, a kind of sewage disposer of automatic classification is disclosed, as shown in Figure 1, include staving, described staving is divided into two-layer up and down, and the sidewall of upper strata staving is provided with magnet, iron refuse can be adsorbed, the top of lower floor's staving is provided with activated charcoal strainer, and below is provided with active carbon layer, for filtering sewage.In this, can find out the complexity very of assorting process of this design of Tsing-Hua University, and the volume of device is larger, in family and campus, so huge sewage disposer of volume is unlikely set, also without numerous and diverse sorting machine like this, simultaneously, above-mentioned refuse classification method can cause noise, forms secondary pollution, is therefore unfavorable for applying in daily life.Application number is that the disclosed sewage disposer of the utility model patent of 201020661576.X can only be classified to iron refuse, and function is too single, can not well complete refuse classification work.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned technical matters of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of automatic sorting garbage bin based on capacitance-type sensor principle, comprise detecting device, sorting machine, regenerative apparatus, bracing or strutting arrangement, wherein: described detecting device comprises that initiating terminal accepts the slideway of rubbish, described way end does not seal, initiating terminal is fixed a plate washer, a thrust unit that object on slideway is promoted is forward installed on described baffle plate, described slideway lower edge is near baffle plate one side, along slideway direction of slip, set gradually N capacitive approach switch sensor, the distance of described N capacitive approach switch sensor distance slideway lower edge increases successively, one startup infrared inductor is set on described thrust unit, described way end arranges a reset infrared inductor, described startup infrared inductor is connected with described thrust unit through control circuit respectively with reset infrared inductor, when having rubbish to enter described slideway, described startup infrared inductor sends a signal to control circuit, drive described thrust unit that rubbish is promoted forward along slideway, when rubbish falls from slideway, described reset infrared inductor is by signal sending controling circuit, drive described thrust unit to reset backward, described sorting machine is positioned at described detecting device below, comprise both ends open arc guide groove, described arc guide groove upper end is over against the outlet of described way end, described guide groove below connects a stepping motor, and drive and rotate by this stepping motor, described stepping motor is connected with described capacitive approach switch sensor through control circuit, and according to the induced signal of described sensor, carries out the rotation of certain angle, described regenerative apparatus is positioned at described sorting machine below, for cylinder, Elliptic Cylinder or polyhedral structure, by axial plane equipartition, be N+1 recycling bin, after described guide groove drive to be rotated by stepping motor, the corresponding recycling bin of regenerative apparatus after separating described in lower end aligned, described bracing or strutting arrangement is the skeleton of the described automatic sorting garbage bin based on capacitance-type sensor principle, described detecting device, and sorting machine, regenerative apparatus is all fixed on this skeleton.
Also comprise shell, described shell is whole nested and be fixed on the outside of described bracing or strutting arrangement.
Described bracing or strutting arrangement comprises a circle, ellipse or polygon chassis, some uniform being fixed on chassis edge of montant, and some cross bar two ends are fixedly connected with described montant respectively, and described montant is played a supportive role.
Described way end is bent downwardly, over against the guide groove of described sorting machine.
Described thrust unit comprises that one along the screw mandrel of described installation of slide track, screw mandrel one end is fixed on described baffle plate one side by bearing and coupler, the other end is connected with motor, by motor driven belts movable wire bar, rotated, described screw mandrel is threaded with a push pedal, screw mandrel rotates and drives push pedal to move along slideway, pushes rubbish to described way end.
Described screw mandrel is positioned at baffle plate one side, described thrust unit also comprises that one along the slide bar of slideway direction, described slide bar is parallel with described screw mandrel, one end is fixed on described baffle plate opposite side, and pass described push pedal by the through hole in push pedal, and coordinate with the ball in described through hole, realize the slip of Micro-friction.
Described sorting machine also comprises infundibulate guide plate, and described infundibulate guide plate is arranged on the upper end of described arc guide groove, aims at described way end.
The method of work of described classification garbage can, comprises the following steps:
1) driven by motor screw mandrel rotates, and screw mandrel drives push pedal to promote rubbish along slideway direction;
2) rubbish is when first capacitive approach switch sensor, as described in sensor can sense rubbish, described stepping motor obtains turn signal, drives guide groove to rotate respective angles, rubbish continues to be driven and advance by push pedal;
3) when rubbish is during through second capacitive approach switch sensor, as as described in sensor still can sense rubbish, described stepping motor obtains turn signal again, drive guide groove again to rotate respective angles, rubbish continues to be driven and advance by push pedal, until through N capacitive approach switch sensor, described sensor sensing is less than rubbish, stepping motor does not rotate, and rubbish falls into described guide groove in the promotion of push pedal, then falls into described regenerative apparatus;
4) electric machine rotation, drives screw mandrel to rotate backward, and screw mandrel drives push pedal to be returned to reference position.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: provide a kind of mode classification easy, classification kind is many, simple in structure, noiselessness, energy-conservation refuse classification scheme, and the excessive problem of solving device volume.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the prior art patent No. is the sewage disposer schematic cross-section of 201020661576.X utility model.
Fig. 2 is the integral structure schematic diagram of the automatic sorting garbage bin based on capacitance-type sensor principle of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation that the present invention is based on the automatic sorting garbage bin detecting device of capacitance-type sensor principle.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram that the present invention is based on the thrust unit on the automatic sorting garbage bin detecting device of capacitance-type sensor principle.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation that the present invention is based on the automatic sorting garbage bin sorting machine of capacitance-type sensor principle.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation that the present invention is based on the automatic sorting garbage bin sorting machine bottom stepping motor of capacitance-type sensor principle.
Fig. 7 is the structural representation that the present invention is based on the automatic sorting garbage bin bracing or strutting arrangement of capacitance-type sensor principle.
Wherein: 1 baffle plate, 2 push pedals, 3 slide bars, 4 coupler, 5 motors, 6 slideways, 7 capacitive proximity sensors, 8 screw mandrels, 9 sensor stands, 10 control boxs, 11 guide grooves, 12 infundibulate guide plates, 13 stepping motors, 14 reset infrared inductors, 15 start infrared inductor
The specific embodiment
As shown in Fig. 2-7, a kind of automatic sorting garbage bin based on capacitance-type sensor principle, comprise detecting device, sorting machine, regenerative apparatus, bracing or strutting arrangement, shell, wherein: described detecting device comprises slideway 6, described slideway 6 ends do not seal, and be bent downwardly, initiating terminal is fixed a plate washer 1, a thrust unit that object on slideway is promoted is forward installed on described baffle plate 1, described thrust unit comprises that one along the screw mandrel 8 of described installation of slide track, screw mandrel 8 one end are fixed on described baffle plate one side by bearing and coupler, the other end is connected with motor 5, by 8 rotations of motor driven belts movable wire bar, described screw mandrel is threaded with a push pedal 2, screw mandrel 8 rotates and drives push pedal 2 to move along slideway 6, push rubbish to described slideway 6 ends, described thrust unit also comprises that one along the slide bar 3 of slideway direction, described slide bar 3 is parallel with described screw mandrel 8, one end is fixed on described baffle plate 1, and pass described push pedal 2 by the through hole in push pedal 2, and coordinate with the ball in described through hole, realize the slip of Micro-friction.Described slideway 6 lower edges are near baffle plate 1 one sides, along slideway direction, set gradually three capacitive approach switch sensors 7, during described approaching, switch sensor is arranged on sensor stand 9, the distance of described three capacitive approach switch sensor distance slideway lower edges increases successively, described sensor stand 9 is fixed on a control box 10, and described control box 10 contains micro controller system, control circuit etc.; One startup infrared inductor 15 is set on described thrust unit, described way end arranges a reset infrared inductor 14, described startup infrared inductor 15 is connected with described thrust unit through control circuit respectively with reset infrared inductor 14, when having rubbish to enter described slideway, described startup infrared inductor sends a signal to control circuit, drive described thrust unit that rubbish is promoted forward along slideway 6, when rubbish falls from slideway 6, described reset infrared inductor 14, by signal sending controling circuit, drives described thrust unit to reset backward; Described sorting machine is positioned at described detecting device below, comprise both ends open arc guide groove 11, described arc guide groove 11 upper ends are over against the reclinate outlet of described slideway 6 end, also comprise infundibulate guide plate 12, described infundibulate guide plate 12 is arranged on the upper end of described arc guide groove 11, aims at described slideway 6 ends.Described guide groove 11 belows connect a stepping motor 13, and drive and rotate by this stepping motor 13, described stepping motor 13 is connected with described capacitive approach switch sensor 7 through control circuit, and carries out the rotation of 90 ° according to the induced signal of described sensor; Described regenerative apparatus is positioned at described sorting machine below, is cylindrical structure, by axial plane equipartition, is four positions, after described guide groove 11 is driven and is rotated by stepping motor 13, and the corresponding site of regenerative apparatus after separating described in lower end aligned; Described bracing or strutting arrangement is the skeleton of the described automatic sorting garbage bin based on capacitance-type sensor principle, comprise a circular base plate, four uniform being fixed on chassis edge of montant, two cross bars intersect and two ends are fixedly connected with described montant middle part respectively, described detecting device, sorting machine, regenerative apparatus is all fixed on this skeleton.Described shell is whole nested and be fixed on the outside of described bracing or strutting arrangement.In rubbish enters slideway, infrared inductor detects has rubbish to enter, can send a low level to circuit passes into micro controller system, Micro Controller Unit (MCU) driving motor 5 drives screw mandrel 8 to rotate, because of screw mandrel 8 and push pedal 2 screws thread fit, push pedal 2 drives rubbish along slideway straight ahead, according to cond principle, specific inductance capacity is different, capacitive proximity sensor distance of reaction is different, metal (battery), glass, plastics, the detection distance of the house refuses such as paper reduces successively, glass rubbish take below as example, when glass passes through first sensor, start infrared inductor 15 and object can be detected, outgoing signal is low level through circuit conversion, import again micro controller system into, the stepping motor 13 of Single-chip Controlling tape drive drives guide groove 11 half-twists, guide groove 11 is over against plastics recovery bucket, during by second sensor, still object can be detected, stepping motor 13 is half-twist again, guide groove 11 is over against the recycling bin of glass rubbish, when glass is during through the 3rd sensor, because this sensor distance slideway is apart from maximum, glass cannot be detected, stepping motor 13 does not rotate now guide groove 11 over against glass recycling bin, push pedal continues to promote forward, until rubbish falls from slideway 6, through guide groove 11, fall into glass recycling bin, reset infrared inductor 14 detects object and falls, driven by motor screw mandrel rotates backward, push pedal retreats, and get back to reference position.Thereby realize the automation of refuse classification.
The present embodiment is only provided with four garbage reclaiming barrels, stepping motor drives guide groove to carry out the rotation of each 90 °, the present invention is not limited only to this mode, a plurality of recycling bins such as two, three, five, six can also be set, stepping motor drives guide groove to carry out the rotation of the multiple angles such as each 60 °, 72 °, 120 °, 180 °, thereby reach the demand according to different niceties of grading, to the rubbish recovery of classifying.

Claims (6)

1. the automatic sorting garbage bin based on capacitance-type sensor principle, is characterized in that: comprise detecting device, and sorting machine, regenerative apparatus, bracing or strutting arrangement, wherein:
Described detecting device comprises that initiating terminal accepts the slideway of rubbish, described way end does not seal, initiating terminal is fixed a baffle plate, a thrust unit that object on slideway is promoted is forward installed on described baffle plate, described slideway lower edge is near baffle plate one side, along slideway direction of slip, set gradually three capacitive approach switch sensors, the distance of described three capacitive approach switch sensor distance slideway lower edges increases successively, one startup infrared inductor is set on described thrust unit, described way end arranges a reset infrared inductor, described startup infrared inductor is connected with described thrust unit through control circuit respectively with reset infrared inductor, when having rubbish to enter described slideway, described startup infrared inductor sends a signal to control circuit, drive described thrust unit that rubbish is promoted forward along slideway, when rubbish falls from slideway, described reset infrared inductor is by signal sending controling circuit, drive described thrust unit to reset backward,
Described sorting machine is positioned at described detecting device below, comprise both ends open arc guide groove, described arc guide groove upper end is over against the outlet of described way end, described guide groove below connects a stepping motor, and drive and rotate by this stepping motor, described stepping motor is connected with described capacitive approach switch sensor through control circuit, and according to the induced signal of described sensor, carries out the rotation of certain angle;
Described regenerative apparatus is positioned at described sorting machine below, for cylinder, Elliptic Cylinder or polyhedral structure, by axial plane equipartition, be four recycling bins, after described guide groove drive to be rotated by stepping motor, the corresponding recycling bin of regenerative apparatus after separating described in lower end aligned;
Described bracing or strutting arrangement is the skeleton of the described automatic sorting garbage bin based on capacitance-type sensor principle, described detecting device, and sorting machine, regenerative apparatus is all fixed on this skeleton.
Also comprise shell, described shell is whole nested and be fixed on the outside of described bracing or strutting arrangement;
Described bracing or strutting arrangement comprises a circle, ellipse or polygon chassis, some uniform being fixed on chassis edge of montant, and some cross bar two ends are fixedly connected with described montant respectively, and described montant is played a supportive role.
2. the automatic sorting garbage bin based on capacitance-type sensor principle as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that described way end is bent downwardly, over against the guide groove of described sorting machine.
3. the automatic sorting garbage bin based on capacitance-type sensor principle as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described thrust unit comprises that one along the screw mandrel of described installation of slide track, screw mandrel one end is fixed on described baffle plate one side by bearing and coupler, the other end is connected with motor, by motor driven belts movable wire bar, rotated, described screw mandrel is threaded with a push pedal, and screw mandrel rotates and drives push pedal to move along slideway, pushes rubbish to described way end.
4. the automatic sorting garbage bin based on capacitance-type sensor principle as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: described screw mandrel is positioned at baffle plate one side, described thrust unit also comprises that one along the slide bar of slideway direction, described slide bar is parallel with described screw mandrel, one end is fixed on described baffle plate opposite side, and pass described push pedal by the through hole in push pedal, and coordinate with the ball in described through hole, realize the slip of Micro-friction.
5. the automatic sorting garbage bin based on capacitance-type sensor principle as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described sorting machine also comprises infundibulate guide plate, described infundibulate guide plate is arranged on the upper end of described arc guide groove, aims at described way end.
6. the method for work of the automatic sorting garbage bin based on capacitance-type sensor principle as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1) start infrared inductor and sense that rubbish enters slideway, by signal sending controling circuit, drive motor drives screw mandrel to rotate, and screw mandrel drives push pedal to promote rubbish along slideway direction;
2) rubbish is when first capacitive approach switch sensor, as described in sensor can sense rubbish, described stepping motor obtains turn signal, drives guide groove to rotate respective angles, rubbish continues to be driven and advance by push pedal;
3) when rubbish is during through second capacitive approach switch sensor, as as described in sensor still can sense rubbish, described stepping motor obtains turn signal again, drive guide groove again to rotate respective angles, rubbish continues to be driven and advance by push pedal, until through N capacitive approach switch sensor, described sensor sensing is less than rubbish, stepping motor does not rotate, and rubbish falls into described guide groove in the promotion of push pedal, then falls into described regenerative apparatus;
4) electric machine rotation, drives screw mandrel to rotate backward, and screw mandrel drives push pedal to be returned to reference position.
CN201210141139.9A 2012-05-08 2012-05-08 Automatic classification dustbin based on capacitive sensor principle Expired - Fee Related CN102718007B (en)

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CN106986116A (en) * 2017-05-08 2017-07-28 西北工业大学 A kind of environment-protecting intelligent refuse classification processing equipment
CN108445050A (en) * 2018-03-12 2018-08-24 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 A kind of micro- plastics detection device based on dielectric constant identification
CN109115998A (en) * 2018-09-25 2019-01-01 广州供电局有限公司 PERFORMANCE OF GREASES test macro and PERFORMANCE OF GREASES test method
CN110629726B (en) * 2019-09-30 2021-03-09 上海海洋大学 Ecological environment-friendly beach waste collection and treatment device
CN114348488B (en) * 2022-01-19 2023-03-28 重庆邮电大学 Solar acoustic control automatic classification dustbin

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