CN102714343B - 带夹、反射天线以及减小反射天线的前后比的方法 - Google Patents
带夹、反射天线以及减小反射天线的前后比的方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种用于将天线罩连接至反射盘的远端以改进反射天线的前后比的带夹，所述带夹设有向内突出的远端唇和向内突出的近端唇。所述远端唇的内径尺寸设置成小于或等于所述反射盘的反射孔径。所述近端唇设有折回区域，所述折回区域的尺寸设置成以干涉配合方式接合所述反射盘的信号区域的外表面。所述带夹的宽度大小可以被设置为例如操作频率的0.8与1.5波长之间。
Description
交叉相关申请
本发明专利申请要求Chris Hills、Matthew Lewry、Tracy Donaldson和Bruce Hughes于2009年12月11日提交的美国实用新型专利申请12/636068的优先权，其题目为“反射天线罩连接带夹”。
技术领域
本发明涉及微波反射天线。更具体地，本发明涉及一种反射天线，其具有天线罩以及反射盘互连带夹，所述带夹增强信号模式和机械互连特性。
背景技术
反射天线的开口端通常由与反射盘的远端相连的天线罩包围。天线罩提供环境保护且改进了天线的风载荷特性。
反射盘、天线罩和/或互连硬件的边缘和/或通道路径可以使在这些区域中出现的信号能量发生衍射或者发生溢出，同时将不期望的后瓣引入到反射天线信号模式中，其被量化为天线的前后比(F/B)。F/B由国际标准规定，并且由例如美国FCC中的47CFR第一章101.115部分、欧洲ETSI中的EN302217-4-1和EN302217-4-12以及澳大利亚ACMA中RALIFX3附录11具体指定。
现有天线信号模式后瓣抑制技术包括将后瓣抑制环增加至天线罩，这例如使得天线罩周边金属化而实现，如Syed等人于2006年11月21日递交的名称为“具有后瓣抑制环的反射天线罩及其制造方法”的共同拥有的美国实用新型专利No.7138958中所公开的那样，该专利文献全文结合在此引作参考。但是，所需的金属化操作可以增加制造复杂性和/或成本，包括制造将屏罩稳固地保持在反射盘上而不会出现不期望的反射边缘、信号泄漏路径的连接结构和/或延展天线罩的总体尺寸。此外，施加至天线罩的外周的薄金属化环层是易碎的，需要不断维护，以避免在运输和/或安装时受损。
例如，在Holtum等人所共同拥有的加拿大专利No.CA887303“反射器型天线中的后瓣减小”中也已经公开了采用用于产生边缘衍射成分的结构性干涉的齿边缘几何形状反射器，以提高F/B。这种结构增加了天线的总直径，这能够使得天线的连接、包装和安装复杂。
向反射天线增加屏罩大体上根据屏罩的长度而改进了信号模式，但是同时明显增加了成本，这是因为增加护罩的长度也增加了反射天线的风载荷，同时需要相应地增加天线和支承结构的强度。此外，屏罩与天线罩之间的互连可以导致显著的F/B降低。
例如图1所示，设置成将天线罩3保持在反射盘7或屏罩上的传统的带夹1可以导致衍射边缘和/或信号泄漏路径。金属带、RF垫片等可以被应用，以减小由使用带夹引起的F/B降低。但是，这些材料和工序增加了制造成本和/或安装复杂性而且可以具有有限的长期可靠性。
反射天线市场的竞争已集中于改进电气性能和最小化总体制造、存货、分配、安装和维修成本。因此，本发明的目的在于提供一种克服现有技术中不足的反射天线。
附图说明
被合并且构成了本规范一部分的附图示出了本发明的实施例，其中像在附图中的参考号指代相同的特征或元件以及针对每个附图可以不详细描述，所述参考号在每个附图中出现并且与已给出的本发明的大体描述和以下给出的本发明的详细描述一起地用于说明本发明的原理。
图1是传统现有技术的带夹天线罩与反射盘互连的示意性放大剖切侧视图，说明了RF信号泄漏路径。
图2是天线罩与反射盘带夹互连的反射天线的示意性透视剖切示意图。
图3是天线罩与反射盘带夹互连的示意性局部剖切侧视图。
图4是第一实施例的天线罩与反射盘带夹互连的放大剖切侧视图。
图5是曲线图，示出了示例带夹远端唇内径与反射盘孔径之比的范围以及它们在操作频率范围内对于对应的反射天线F/B的影响。
图6是曲线图，示出了带夹宽度范围以及它们对于对应的反射天线F/B的影响。
图7是曲线图，将与RF信号泄漏有关的测量的共极化F/B特性在传统的带夹与当前公开的“新”带夹结构之间进行对比。
图8是曲线图，将与RF信号泄漏有关的测量的共极化F/B特性在传统的带夹与当前公开的“新”带夹结构之间进行对比。
图9是曲线图，示出了包括具有1.1波长宽度的带夹的0.6m反射天线的测量的共极化辐射模式。
图9是曲线图，示出了包括具有1.1波长宽度的带夹的0.6m反射天线的测量的交叉极化辐射模式。
图11是第二示意性天线罩与反射盘带夹互连的放大剖切侧视图。
图12是包括加宽环的第三示意性天线罩与反射盘带夹互连的放大剖切侧视图。
图13是曲线图，针对宽度为0.5和1.2波长的带夹对比预测的F/B增益。
图14是曲线图，示出了对于具有0.5波长宽度的带夹的反射天线的测量的共极化辐射模式。
图15是曲线图，示出了对于具有0.5波长宽度的带夹的反射天线的测量的交叉极化辐射模式。
图16曲线图，示出了对于具有1.2波长宽度的带夹的反射天线的测量的共极化辐射模式。
图17是曲线图，示出了对于具有1.2波长宽度的带夹的反射天线的测量的交叉极化辐射模式。
图18是第三示意性天线罩与反射盘带夹互连的放大剖切侧视图，其包括具有径向向外的弯头的加宽环。
图19是曲线图，示出了将预测的F/B增益针对构造有0与60度之间的径向向外的弯头的加宽环的带夹进行对比
具体实施方式
如图2和3所示，带夹1大体上操作成将天线罩3保持在反射盘7的开口远端5上，同时形成了保护反射天线13的反射盘7、副反射器9和/或馈送器11免受环境污物影响的环境密封。在第一示意性实施例中，最佳如图4所示，带夹1设有向内朝向的远端唇15和近端唇17。近端唇17的折回(turnback)区域19的尺寸设置成接合反射盘7的信号区域23的外表面21。折回区域19可以例如实施为在近端唇17的内端25之前的向外弯曲部。
随着带夹1在屏蔽器3和反射盘7互连过程中被上紧，带夹1的直径逐渐地减小，驱动折回区域19抵靠着抛物面反射器7的信号区域23的凸形外表面21，形成均匀的周向干涉配合。随着带夹1进一步被上紧，折回区域19沿着反射盘7的信号区域23的外表面21逐渐地向内朝向反射盘近端27倾斜。因此，带夹1的远端唇15也朝向反射盘近端27移动，同时牢固地夹持天线罩3抵靠着反射盘7的远端5。因为折回区域19与反射盘7的外表面21之间的干涉配合是周向一致的，所以减少这些表面之间的任何RF泄漏。
尽管可以将延长的凸缘应用至反射盘7和/或天线罩3，但是这些延长的凸缘将增加反射天线1的总体尺寸，这能够负面地影响风载荷、材料要求、存货和运输包装。因此，可以应用具有减小的尺寸的且大小设置成提供牢固机械互连的凸缘。天线罩3可以设有比反射盘7更大的直径，天线罩3的环唇29与反射盘7的远端5的外径周边配合，同时将天线罩3与反射盘7共轴线地键合，并且提供了使得带夹1与反射盘7的信号区域23隔开的表面区域。
各凸缘的大小以及同样带夹1的大小可以设置成，带夹1的远端唇15与反射孔径H(所述反射孔径被限定为由副反射器9所分配的信号能量的反射盘7表面的最大直径)平齐地或稍微向内地延伸，以形成带夹内径D。为了在带夹1远端唇15上最小化衍射和/或散射信号分量，带夹内径D的大小可以针对反射孔径H被设置，导致了如图5所示的明显F/B增益。对于具有最小总直径的反射天线13中的减小的F/B而言，可以采用0.97至1.0的D/H比。
再次参见图4，带夹1的影响F/B的另一个因素是是带夹1的宽度“A”，该宽度确定了用作为衍射/散射表面的带夹1外角部31之间的距离。如图6所示，在宽度“A”是在操作频率的0.8与1.5倍波长之间时，归一的F/B得到提高，而在该操作频率中可以操作成产生沿带夹1外周行进的表面流的相互干涉和/或散射干涉。
如图7和8所示，0.6米反射天线结构中所测量的F/B性能对于共极化和交叉极化响应而言针对传统的现有技术带夹1和“新的”目前公开的带夹1结构而言得到显著提高。图9和10示出了采用图4的带夹1结构(在其中，宽度“A”等于1.1倍波长)在大于71dB的调整包络线内的26GHz带宽中的共极化与交叉极化辐射模式的测量的后瓣大小。
本领域技术人员将清楚，为了在某些操作频率起作用而不用在天线罩和/或反射盘周边中采用附加的结构，宽度“A”的最佳范围可以是不同的。例如，在第二实施例中，如图11所示，通过在带夹内从所期望的长度的宽度“A”朝向反射盘7向回实施折叠部33，宽度“A”可以增加。图示的实施例出于演示的目的针对延长宽度“A”做了简化，但是类似地可以实施有折叠部33以及进一步向内延伸的近端唇17并且包括折回区域19，该折回区域接触反射盘7的信号区域23的外表面21。
在第三实施例中，例如图12所示，宽度“A”的延长可以通过以下方式成本高效地实现，即将金属和/或金属涂覆材料制成的附加的加宽环35附着至带夹1外径。加宽环35可以实施具有任何期望的宽度，通过点焊或者通过诸如螺钉、铆钉等的紧固件被成本高效地牢固连接。
图13示出了加宽环35宽度“A”在0.5与1.2倍波长之间的18GHz带宽RF建模软件对F/B改进的预测。图14和15示出了具有加宽环35(其具有宽度“A”＝0.5倍波长)的图12的带夹1的测量的共极化和交叉极化F/B性能。请注意，性能在整个范围内满足调整包络线，但是没有余量。然而，如图16和17所示，具有加宽环35(其具有宽度“A”＝0.5倍波长)的图12的带夹1的测量的共极化和交叉极化F/B性能显著得到改进并且良好地在整个范围内位于调整包络线内。
在第四实施例中，加宽环35能够以如图18所示的斜角结构被设置。如图19所示，F/B改进的RF建模软件预测表明在所应用的角度从零(平加宽环35横截面)增加至六十度的衍射梯度时逐渐增加的改进。
本领域技术人员将清楚除了改进反射天线13的电性能以外，所公开的带夹1还能够实现制造、运输、安装和/或维护方面的显著高效。
因为带夹1使得天线罩3和反射盘7周边几何形状简化，所以反射天线13可以具有改进的材料和制造成本。因为带夹1被简单地和牢固地安设，所以安装和维护与现有技术的反射天线13结构(其具有复杂的周边几何形状、精密的后瓣抑制环涂层、镀层和/或RF吸收材料)相比可以被简化。因为带夹1可以是紧凑的并且靠近反射天线空间H实施，所以能够减小反射天线13的总直径，这能够减小反射天线13的风载荷特性和所需包装尺寸。
附图标记列表
| 1 | 带夹 |
| 3 | 天线罩 |
| 5 | 远端 |
| 7 | 反射盘 |
| 9 | 副反射器 |
| 11 | 输送装置 |
| 13 | 反射天线 |
| 15 | 远端唇 |
| 17 | 近端唇 |
| 19 | 折回区域 |
| 21 | 外表面 |
| 23 | 信号区域 |
| 25 | 内端 |
| 27 | 近端 |
| 29 | 环形唇 |
| 31 | 外角部 |
| 33 | 折叠部 |
| 35 | 加宽环 |
其中，以上描述已参考材料、比率、整数或已知等值的组件，然后这些等值正如单独提出一样在此合并。
虽然本发明已通过描述其的实施例被说明，而且所述实施例已被相当详细地说明，但是申请人的意图并不是去限制或以任何方式限定权利要求至这样详细。现有技术的技术人员将很容易地发表附加的改型和修改。因此，本发明在其更广泛的方面不限于已示出且说明的具体细节、典型装置、方法，以及示意性实例。因此，可以从这样的细节无需违背申请人的大体发明构思精神和范围地制成改型。另外地，可以理解的是，可以无需违背由以下权利要求限定的本发明的范围或精神地制成改进和/或修改。
Claims (20)
1.一种用于将天线罩连接至反射盘的远端的带夹，其包括：
向内朝向的远端唇和向内朝向的近端唇；
所述远端唇的内径尺寸设置成小于或等于所述反射盘的反射孔径；
所述近端唇设有折回区域，所述折回区域的尺寸设置成以干涉配合方式接合所述反射盘的信号区域的外表面。
2.根据权利要求1所述的带夹，其特征在于，所述带夹具有操作频率的0.8与1.5波长之间的宽度。
3.根据权利要求2所述的带夹，其特征在于，加宽夹连接至所述带夹的外径。
4.根据权利要求3所述的带夹，其特征在于，所述加宽夹以斜角结构被设置。
5.根据权利要求4所述的带夹，其特征在于，所述斜角结构的角度为60度。
6.根据权利要求1所述的带夹，其特征在于，所述内径与所述反射孔径之比等于0.97或1或者是在0.97与1之间。
7.根据权利要求1所述的带夹，其特征在于，所述带夹具有操作频率的0.8与1.5波长之间的宽度，并且所述近端唇包括朝向所述反射盘的折叠部。
8.根据权利要求1所述的带夹，其特征在于，所述带夹具有操作频率的0.8与1.5波长之间的宽度；并且所述内径与所述反射孔径之比等于0.97或1或者是在0.97与1之间。
9.根据权利要求1所述的带夹，其特征在于，所述折回区域是所述近端唇的外弯曲部，位于所述近端唇的内端之前。
10.一种反射天线，其包括：
反射盘；
天线罩；
带夹，其将所述天线罩连接至所述反射盘的远端；
所述带夹设有向内朝向的远端唇和向内朝向的近端唇；
所述远端唇的内径尺寸设置成小于或等于所述反射盘的反射孔径；
所述近端唇设有折回区域，所述折回区域的尺寸设置成以干涉配合方式接合所述反射盘的信号区域的外表面。
11.根据权利要求10所述的反射天线，其特征在于，所述带夹具有操作频率的0.8与1.5波长之间的宽度。
12.根据权利要求10所述的反射天线，其特征在于，所述内径与所述反射孔径之比等于0.97或1或者是在0.97与1之间。
13.根据权利要求10所述的反射天线，其特征在于，所述带夹具有操作频率的0.8与1.5波长之间的宽度，并且所述近端唇包括朝向所述反射盘的折叠部。
14.根据权利要求10所述的反射天线，其特征在于，所述带夹具有操作频率的0.8与1.5波长之间的宽度；并且所述内径与所述反射孔径之比等于0.97或1或者是在0.97与1之间。
15.根据权利要求10所述的反射天线，其特征在于，所述折回区域是所述近端唇的外弯曲部，位于所述近端唇的内端之前。
16.根据权利要求10所述的反射天线，其特征在于，加宽夹连接至所述带夹的外径。
17.根据权利要求16所述的反射天线，其特征在于，所述加宽夹以斜角结构被设置。
18.根据权利要求17所述的反射天线，其特征在于，所述斜角结构的角度为60度。
19.一种减小具有反射盘和天线罩的反射天线的前后比的方法，包括以下步骤：
形成具有向内朝向的远端唇和向内朝向的近端唇的带夹；
所述远端唇的内径尺寸设置成小于或等于所述反射盘的反射孔径；
所述近端唇设有折回区域，所述折回区域的尺寸设置成以干涉配合方式接合所述反射盘的信号区域的外表面；并且
利用所述带夹将所述天线罩连接至所述反射盘。
20.根据权利要求19所述的方法，其特征在于，所述带夹具有操作频率的0.8与1.5波长之间的宽度。
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| US12/636,068 US8259028B2 (en) | 2009-12-11 | 2009-12-11 | Reflector antenna radome attachment band clamp |
| US12/636,068 | 2009-12-11 | ||
| PCT/IB2010/054173 WO2011070451A2 (en) | 2009-12-11 | 2010-09-15 | Reflector antenna radome attachment band clamp |
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| CN102714343B true CN102714343B (zh) | 2014-09-03 |
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| US (1) | US8259028B2 (zh) |
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| US8259028B2 (en) | 2012-09-04 |
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