CN102698718A - Control agent for reduced sulfur poison in cold waterlogged paddy field and preparation and usage method thereof - Google Patents
Control agent for reduced sulfur poison in cold waterlogged paddy field and preparation and usage method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a control agent for reduced sulfur poison in the cold waterlogged paddy field, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of rice hull, 10-15 parts of pig manure, 1.5-2.0 part of wheat bran, 0.15-0.20 part of brown sugar, 1.5-1.8 parts of urea, 50-60 parts of water, 0.3-0.4 part of ferment fungus and 144-180 parts of 1.3-1.7mol/L solution of sodium oxide. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the control agent. The control agent is used as follows: applying the control agent 2 or 4 days before the rice is transplanted, and applying the control agent when the rice is in the tillering stage, wherein the 40-60kg of the control agent is applied to the cold waterlogged paddy field per mu.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cold immersed field reduced sulfur poisons controlling agent and preparation method thereof and makes usage.
Background technology
The cold immersed field means that paddy rice great soil group farmland is under the acting in conjunction of nature or human factor; Level of ground water is too high; Suffer the underground water dipping in the soil genetic horizon for a long time, make soil produce cold soaking stain evil, reduction is strong; The disease farmland that physicochemical character and crop root growing environment worsen, agricultural sector is referred to as to steep harmful low-yield land or secondary gleyization.The cold immersed field can be divided into two types in primary type and secondary type cold immersed field according to its origin cause of formation.The primary type cold immersed field mainly receives native loamy soil, microrelief, and hydrogeologic condition control mainly contains two kinds on accumulated water type and full water type.Such cold immersed field mainly is that manual work is enclosed and cultivated and caused, and with regard to soil, it is gleying already, just cultivates to plant historical shortly, and it is not thorough to take off the natural pond; The 2nd, hypsography low-lying, underground water stain evil is serious, and soil water-containing is saturated etc., and natural cause works.Wherein accumulated water type cold immersed field is the cohesive soil distribution location of the widest a kind of cold immersed field, especially lake region hypsography low-lying of region of no relief distribution, is discontinuous little ligule, and is consistent with the lineament of the greatly flat little injustice in Plain.Secondary type cold immersed field, promptly the secondary gleyization rice soil is unreasonable mainly due to cropping system, miscarriage, irrigation and drainage are inharmonious etc., and human factor is main, makes the long-term occluded water of soil and the cold immersed field that forms.
The cold immersed field is the real estate paddy field that extensively is distributed in China the south of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and the whole nation has 5,191 ten thousand mu approximately, accounts for 15.07% of national rice field area, is the important potential strategic resource of China's grain-production.Because long-term cold soaking accumulated water, soil temperature is low, reproducibility is strong, noxious material is many, causes productivity low, is one of bottleneck of restriction grain security and increasing peasant income.Owing to be in for a long time and cause cold immersed field content of organic matter height under the reductive condition but poor quality; Part nutrient availability low (shortages such as phosphorus, potassium cause stiff seedling) and proportional imbalance; Also have the sulphur of going back ortho states in a large number simultaneously, too much reduced sulfur can cause problems such as root system blackening, rotten difficulty, and this also is the one of the main reasons that causes the cold immersed field low yield; But formation and the intoxicating dosage critical value and the mechanism thereof of China's relevant cold immersed field reduced sulfur; The research of nutrient obstruction factor and nutrient availability supply dynamic dispatching extremely lags behind, and has influenced cold regulation and control of invading field soil reduced sulfur murder by poisoning and nutrient supply obstacle, has restricted the cold field soil productivity of invading and has promoted transformation.At present, the cold immersed field plant mostly one season rice, 200～250 kilograms of per mu yields; Double cropping of rice is produced per year also to be had only about 500 kilograms, is merely the half the of medium fertility rice field output.Because it is wide that the cold immersed field distributes; Geographical conditions are special, and the origin cause of formation is different, and obstruction factor is also not only identical; Influence the factors complex of rice yield; Though although China aspect the improvement of cold immersed field, study initial early, and in the cold immersed field some practical techniques have also been laid in aspects such as soil, farming, cultivation, fertilising, the aspect such as subdue at soil texture improvement, nutrient activation, noxious material and lack effective agronomic technique measure; And do not form improvement technology mode and the technical specification that adapts to zones of different, dissimilar cold immersed fields, restricted the raising of cold immersed field, China the south of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River grain yield.
If search out suitable material; This main intoxicating factor of control cold immersed field reduced sulfur is carried out the cold immersed field improvement targetedly, is transformed into middle and high product field to the cold immersed field; So; Even do not enlarge cultivated area, also can have an immense impact on to national rice yield, but the not preceding still blank out of associated materials research.
Byproduct after rice husk is processed as paddy accounts for 18% ~ 22% of paddy seed quality, and China's rice husk output is very abundant, and annual output reaches 3,200 ten thousand tons, accounts for the whole world more than 1/3.Because the main component of rice husk is cellulose, lignin and ash content; Respectively account for 26% ~ 36%, 20% ~ 24%, 18% ~ 20%. Protein content and be merely 2%～3%; Therefore feeding value is not high; Still be that comprehensive utilization ratio less than 10% is able to abundant use far away mainly as fuel or directly as waste disposal with rice husk at present.But, contain 14%～16% SiO in the rice husk compared to other agricultural wastes
2, and with network-like distribution wherein, play a part skeleton, and lignin, cellulose etc. are filled wherein, and the rice husk surface is the micropore shape, SiO after the degraded of quilts such as lignin part
2Nexus exposes, and can its exploitation be become the ideal activity sorbing material.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve provides a kind of cold immersed field reduced sulfur and poisons controlling agent and preparation method thereof and make usage, adopts controlling agent of the present invention can effectively control cold immersed field reduced sulfur murder by poisoning, thereby effectively increases the rice yield in cold immersed field.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention provides a kind of cold immersed field reduced sulfur to poison controlling agent, and its one-tenth by following weight portion is grouped into:
100 parts on rice husk, 10 ~ 15 parts of pig manures (fresh pig manure), 1.5 ~ 2.0 parts of wheat brans, 0.15 ~ 0.20 part in brown sugar, 1.5 ~ 1.8 parts in urea, 50 ~ 60 parts in water, 0.3 ~ 0.4 part of ferment bacterium and concentration are 144 ~ 180 parts of the sodium hydroxide solutions of 1.3 ~ 1.7 mol/L.
The present invention also provides above-mentioned cold immersed field reduced sulfur to poison preparation method's (used composition and pairing weight portion are the same) of controlling agent simultaneously, may further comprise the steps:
1), the preparation of base-material:
1., brown sugar is dissolved in part water, brown sugar water; Urea is dissolved in remaining water, gets urea water;
The remarks explanation: the consumption of this 2 part water distributes does not have specific requirement, and a need can dissolve brown sugar respectively and urea gets final product; That is, the consumption sum of this 2 part water is 50 ~ 60 parts;
2., brown sugar water, urea water, wheat bran and ferment bacterium are puddled evenly, small powder;
3., small powder and pig manure (fresh pig manure) are puddled evenly, material must ferment;
4., rice husk and fermentation material are puddled evenly, the controlling agent base-material;
2), the fermentation of controlling agent base-material:
1., the controlling agent base-material carries out spontaneous fermentation after stacking; When fermentation temperature surpasses 65 ~ 70 ℃, casting;
2., step gains are 1. repeated above-mentioned steps spontaneous fermentation and casting 1., the rice husk in the controlling agent base-material is become till taupe or the pitchy by yellow; Controlling agent base-material after must fermenting;
Remarks explanation: generally repeat above-mentioned spontaneous fermentation and casting 1 ~ 2 time (that is, spontaneous fermentation and casting totally 2 ~ 3 times), rice husk can occur and become taupe or pitchy by yellow;
3), the controlling agent base-material modification after the fermentation:
With controlling agent base-material and concentration after the fermentation is that the NaOH solution of 1.3 ~ 1.7 mol/L mixes; Reacted 3.5 ~ 4.5 hours down in 85 ~ 95 ℃ then; After being cooled to room temperature, solid is obtained in centrifugation, and solid is used deionized water rinsing, and the cleaning solution that produces until the flushing back is neutral; After the air dry (to constant weight), get the cold immersed field reduced sulfur and poison controlling agent.
Remarks explanations: the NaOH main purpose is the rice husk surface hydroxylation that makes behind the biofermentation, thereby has more hydroxyl exchange absorption to take place with sulphion.
Poison the preparation method's of controlling agent improvement as cold immersed field of the present invention reduced sulfur: the spontaneous fermentation of the step step 2) in 1. is:
Become cross section to be trapezoidal rectangular heap controlling agent base-material composting; Side (side promptly) at rectangular heap covers with gas permeable material, covers with Polypropylence Sheet at the top of rectangular heap; Thereby play the purpose that prevents rain leakage and sunshine direct projection; The controlling agent base-material carries out spontaneous fermentation.
The remarks explanation:
Under the summer normal condition, in general 48 hours in the heap temperature can reach the 30-40 degree, reached the 50-60 degree in 72 hours.Spring and autumn was postponed 1-2 days than fermentation temperature intensification in summer.Fermentation temperature reaches 65-70 when spending, and general temperature begins to descend, and carries out casting this moment, notices that the heap temperature can not surpass 70 degree (that is, surpass 70 degree, must retrodict immediately); General one time fermentation needs 7 days left and right sides time approximately, and is general, and the total time amount of fermentation was controlled at about 14 ~ 21 days.Rice husk is when becoming taupe or pitchy by yellow in heap, shows that sweat accomplishes.
Poison the preparation method's of controlling agent further improvement as cold immersed field of the present invention reduced sulfur: gas permeable material is gunnysack, straw bag, straw screen or mat or soil.
Poison the preparation method's of controlling agent further improvement as cold immersed field of the present invention reduced sulfur: rice husk is the rice husk that can cross the 3mm aperture sieve.
The present invention also provides above-mentioned cold immersed field reduced sulfur to poison the method for using of controlling agent simultaneously:
Before rice transplanting 2 ~ 4 days, evenly apply a cold immersed field reduced sulfur and poison controlling agent;
When paddy rice is in tillering stage, evenly applies a cold immersed field reduced sulfur again and poison controlling agent;
Every mu of cold immersed field applies the cold immersed field reduced sulfur at every turn and poisons controlling agent 40 ~ 60kg.
Remarks explanations: the fertilizer in the production process, water management are the same with normal Rice Production,, are usual manner that is.
All material compositions that cold immersed field of the present invention reduced sulfur is poisoned controlling agent all can obtain through commercial mode; For example; Ferment bacterium can be available from Japanese ferment world society China Shandong general headquarters (the very agricultural ferment bacterium in Weifang Co., Ltd), by microorganism original seed bacterium No. 1 and microorganism original seed bacterium No. 2 according to the weight ratio preparation of 100:1 and get.
The cold immersed field reduced sulfur murder by poisoning controlling agent of gained of the present invention is 10287.9mg/kg to the maximal absorptive capacity of sulphion.
After operating according to method for using of the present invention; During results; Cold immersed field rice yield and normal water rice field basically identical; The pH of cold immersed field soil and reduced sulfur ion concentration have obtained bigger lifting and effectively control respectively, and the pH of cold immersed field soil and reduced sulfur ion concentration are superior to normal high-yield field to a certain extent.
In sum; The present invention is according to the architectural characteristic of rice husk; Through biofermentation processing waste rice husk, use the NaOH solution modification of certain concentration afterwards, thereby exploitation obtains a kind of active material (the cold immersed field reduced sulfur is poisoned controlling agent) that sulphion is had adsorption capacity.Through in the cold immersed field, rationally using this active material, can effectively control the cold immersed field reduced sulfur and poison, effectively increase the cold immersed field rice yield simultaneously, realize that the cold immersed field rice yield reaches the yield level in normal high-yield field.Control and lifting cold immersed field productivity that this invention is poisoned for the cold immersed field reduced sulfur provide a kind of quite promising targeted modification method.
The specific embodiment
Part in following examples all refers to weight portion.
Embodiment 1, a kind of cold immersed field reduced sulfur are poisoned the preparation method of controlling agent, carry out following steps successively:
1), batching:
Raw material is grouped into by the one-tenth of following weight portion:
100 parts on rice husk, 12 parts of fresh pig manures, 1.8 parts of wheat brans, 0.18 part in brown sugar, 1.7 parts in urea, 55 parts in water and 0.35 part and 168 parts sodium hydroxide solutions of ferment bacterium (concentration is 1.5 mol/L).Powdered rice hulls is broken to the sieve that can cross the 3mm aperture.
2), the preparation of base-material:
1., brown sugar is dissolved in part water (1/2 volume doubly water), brown sugar water; Urea is dissolved in remaining water, gets urea water;
2., brown sugar water, urea water, wheat bran and ferment bacterium are puddled evenly, small powder;
3., small powder and fresh pig manure are puddled evenly, material must ferment;
4., rice husk and fermentation material are puddled evenly, the controlling agent base-material.
3), the fermentation of controlling agent base-material:
1., become cross section to be trapezoidal rectangular heap controlling agent base-material composting; Side (side all around) at rectangular heap covers with gas permeable material (for example being straw bag), covers with Polypropylence Sheet at the top of rectangular heap; Thereby play the purpose that prevents rain leakage and sunshine direct projection; The controlling agent base-material carries out spontaneous fermentation;
When fermentation temperature surpasses 70 ℃, casting; The time of general this one time fermentation was about about 7 days;
2., step gains are 1. repeated above-mentioned steps spontaneous fermentation and casting (condition is the same) 1., till the rice husk in the controlling agent base-material becomes taupe or pitchy by yellow (show that sweat accomplish), the controlling agent base-material after must fermenting;
Generally repeat above-mentioned spontaneous fermentation and casting 1 ~ 2 time;
4), the controlling agent base-material modification after the fermentation:
With the controlling agent base-material after the fermentation with after above-mentioned sodium hydroxide solution mixes; Reacted 4 hours down in 90 ℃ then; After being cooled to room temperature, solid is obtained in centrifugation, and solid washes on the drip washing post of band filter screen with deionized water, and the cleaning solution that produces until the flushing back is neutral; Solid air dry after the above-mentioned flushing gets the cold immersed field reduced sulfur and poisons controlling agent to constant weight.
Embodiment 2, a kind of cold immersed field reduced sulfur are poisoned the preparation method of controlling agent, carry out following steps successively:
1), batching:
Raw material is grouped into by the one-tenth of following weight portion:
100 parts on rice husk, 15 parts of fresh pig manures, 2.0 parts of wheat brans, 0.2 part in brown sugar, 1.8 parts in urea, 50 parts in water and 0.4 part and 144 parts sodium hydroxide solutions of ferment bacterium (concentration is 1.7 mol/L).Powdered rice hulls is broken to the sieve that can cross the 3mm aperture.
2), the preparation of base-material:
With embodiment 1.
3), the fermentation of controlling agent base-material:
With embodiment 1.
4), the controlling agent base-material modification after the fermentation:
Controlling agent base-material after the fermentation is mixed with above-mentioned sodium hydroxide solution; Reacted 3.5 hours down in 95 ℃ then; After being cooled to room temperature, solid is obtained in centrifugation, and solid washes on the drip washing post of band filter screen with deionized water, and the cleaning solution that produces until the flushing back is neutral; Solid air dry after the above-mentioned flushing gets the cold immersed field reduced sulfur and poisons controlling agent to constant weight.
Embodiment 3, a kind of cold immersed field reduced sulfur are poisoned the preparation method of controlling agent, carry out following steps successively:
1), batching:
Raw material is grouped into by the one-tenth of following weight portion:
100 parts on rice husk, 10 parts of fresh pig manures, 1.5 parts of wheat brans, 0.15 part in brown sugar, 1.5 parts in urea, 60 parts in water and 0.3 part and 180 parts sodium hydroxide solutions of ferment bacterium (concentration is 1.3 mol/L).Powdered rice hulls is broken to the sieve that can cross the 3mm aperture.
2), the preparation of base-material:
With embodiment 1.
3), the fermentation of controlling agent base-material:
With embodiment 1.
4), the controlling agent base-material modification after the fermentation:
Controlling agent base-material after the fermentation is mixed with NaOH solution; Reacted 4.5 hours down in 85 ℃ then; After being cooled to room temperature, solid is obtained in centrifugation, and solid washes on the drip washing post of band filter screen with deionized water, and the cleaning solution that produces until the flushing back is neutral; Solid air dry after the above-mentioned flushing gets the cold immersed field reduced sulfur and poisons controlling agent to constant weight.
Experiment 1, cold immersed field reduced sulfur are poisoned the absorption crystallized ability of controlling agent to reduced sulfur:
In the initial sulphion concentration of serial vulcanized sodium preparation is respectively the 50mL solution of 100.0,250.0,500.0,750.0,1000.0 mg/L, add 1.0g cold immersed field reduced sulfur respectively and poison controlling agent (any one the cold immersed field reduced sulfur that is embodiment 1 ~ embodiment 3 gained is poisoned controlling agent); The pH of regulator solution is 5.0; In 20 ℃ of absorption 12h that vibrate down; Sulphion concentration in the clear liquid is measured in centrifugal filtration.(X=XmKC/ (1+KC) through the Langmuir adsoption equation then; X representation unit soil colloid is to the adsorbance (mg/kg) of DNA; Xm representes the maximal absorptive capacity (mg/mg) of soil colloid to sulphion; K is the constant (L/mg) relevant with adsorption binding energy, and C is the concentration (mg/L) of DNA in the equilibrium liquid.Match finds that the Langmuir adsoption equation can well be described modification biological fermentation rice husk (being that the cold immersed field reduced sulfur is poisoned controlling agent), and to the absorption of sulphion, average correlation coefficient is 0.994, and average absorption constant K is 0.1423 L/mg,
The maximal absorptive capacity Xm that the cold immersed field reduced sulfur of embodiment 1 ~ embodiment 3 gained is poisoned controlling agent is respectively 10287.9 mg/kg, 10261.2mg/kg, 10247.9 mg/kg.
Experiment 2: the cold immersed field reduced sulfur is poisoned controlling agent and is adsorbed the sulphion in the cold immersed field soil that picks up from the Yiwu, Zhejiang is fixing:
Take by weighing 3 parts of cold immersed field soil that pick up from the Yiwu, Zhejiang that are equivalent to the heavy 50g of oven-dried soil in beaker, this soil is 4.68 through measuring pH, and effective sulphion content is 1243 mg/kg in the soil.In soil, add 1.0g modification biological fermentation rice husk (any one the cold immersed field reduced sulfur that is embodiment 1 ~ embodiment 3 gained is poisoned controlling agent); Abundant mixing; Room temperature reaction 24 hours adopts the potassium chloride lixiviate to get afterwards and measures effective sulphion content in the soil.
Poison after controlling agent handles through the cold immersed field of embodiment 1 ~ embodiment 3 gained reduced sulfur, effectively sulphion content is corresponding respectively be 140.8 mg/kg, 141.2mg/kg, 146.3 mg/kg, sulphion fixedly adsorption rate respectively correspondence reach 88.67%, 88.64%, 88.23%.
Experiment 3: the cold immersed field reduced sulfur is poisoned controlling agent and is adsorbed the sulphion in the cold immersed field soil that picks up from the Gan County, Jiangxi is fixing:
Take by weighing 3 parts of cold immersed field soil that pick up from the Gan County, Jiangxi that are equivalent to the heavy 50g of oven-dried soil in beaker, this soil is 4.72 through measuring pH, and effective sulphion content is 1034 mg/kg in the soil.In soil, add 1.0g modification biological fermentation rice husk (any one the cold immersed field reduced sulfur that is embodiment 1 ~ embodiment 3 gained is poisoned controlling agent); Abundant mixing; Room temperature reaction 24 hours adopts effective sulphion content in the potassium chloride extraction and determination soil afterwards.
After the cold immersed field of embodiment 1 ~ embodiment 3 gained reduced sulfur is poisoned the controlling agent processing; That effectively sulphion content is corresponding respectively is 91.4 mg/kg, 97.1mg/kg, 99.2 mg/kg, sulphion fixedly adsorption rate respectively correspondence reach 91.16%, 90.61%, 90.41%.
Experiment 4: the cold immersed field reduced sulfur is poisoned controlling agent and is adsorbed the sulphion in the cold immersed field soil that picks up from the Shexian County, Anhui is fixing:
Take by weighing 3 parts of cold immersed field soil that pick up from the Shexian County, Anhui that are equivalent to the heavy 50g of oven-dried soil in beaker, this soil is 4.93 through measuring pH, and effective sulphion content is 313 mg/kg in the soil.In soil, add 1.0g modification biological fermentation rice husk (any one the cold immersed field reduced sulfur that is embodiment 1 ~ embodiment 3 gained is poisoned controlling agent); Abundant mixing; Room temperature reaction 24 hours adopts effective sulphion content in the potassium chloride extraction and determination soil afterwards.
After the cold immersed field of embodiment 1 ~ embodiment 3 gained reduced sulfur is poisoned the controlling agent processing; That effectively sulphion content is corresponding respectively is 20.4 mg/kg, 21.2mg/kg, 22.1 mg/kg, sulphion fixedly adsorption rate respectively correspondence reach 93.48%, 93.22%, 92.93%.
Experiment 5: the cold immersed field reduced sulfur is poisoned controlling agent and is adsorbed the sulphion in the cold immersed field soil that picks up from Hubei Province's Huangshi is fixing:
Take by weighing 3 parts of cold immersed field soil that pick up from Hubei Province's Huangshi that are equivalent to the heavy 50g of oven-dried soil in beaker, this soil is 5.13 through measuring pH, and effective sulphion content is 2072 mg/kg in the soil.In soil, add 1.0g modification biological fermentation rice husk (any one the cold immersed field reduced sulfur that is embodiment 1 ~ embodiment 3 gained is poisoned controlling agent); Abundant mixing; Room temperature reaction 24 hours adopts the potassium chloride lixiviate to get afterwards and measures effective sulphion content in the soil.
After the cold immersed field of embodiment 1 ~ embodiment 3 gained reduced sulfur is poisoned the controlling agent processing; That effectively sulphion content is corresponding respectively is 214 mg/kg, 229 mg/kg, 236 mg/kg, sulphion fixedly adsorption rate respectively correspondence reach 89.67%, 88.94%, 88.61%.
Experiment 6: the cold immersed field reduced sulfur is poisoned controlling agent and is adsorbed the sulphion in the cold immersed field soil that picks up from the Fujian Minhou County is fixing:
Take by weighing 3 parts of cold immersed field soil that pick up from the Fujian Minhou County that are equivalent to the heavy 50g of oven-dried soil in beaker, this soil is 4.47 through measuring pH, and effective sulphion content is 678 mg/kg in the soil.In soil, add 1.0g modification biological fermentation rice husk (any one the cold immersed field reduced sulfur that is embodiment 1 ~ embodiment 3 gained is poisoned controlling agent); Abundant mixing; Room temperature reaction 24 hours adopts the potassium chloride lixiviate to get afterwards and measures effective sulphion content in the soil.
After the cold immersed field of embodiment 1 ~ embodiment 3 gained reduced sulfur is poisoned the controlling agent processing; That effectively sulphion content is corresponding respectively is 51.2 mg/kg, 53.7 mg/kg, 54.5 mg/kg, sulphion fixedly adsorption rate respectively correspondence reach 92.45%, 92.08%, 91.96%.
Experiment 7: the cold immersed field reduced sulfur is poisoned controlling agent and is adsorbed the sulphion in the cold immersed field soil of adopting zunyi, guizhou is fixing:
Take by weighing 3 parts of cold immersed field soil that pick up from zunyi, guizhou that are equivalent to the heavy 50g of oven-dried soil in beaker, this soil is 4.67 through measuring pH, and effective sulphion content is 979 mg/kg in the soil.In soil, add 1.0g modification biological fermentation rice husk (any one the cold immersed field reduced sulfur that is embodiment 1 ~ embodiment 3 gained is poisoned controlling agent); Abundant mixing; Room temperature reaction 24 hours adopts the potassium chloride lixiviate to get afterwards and measures effective sulphion content in the soil.
After the cold immersed field of embodiment 1 ~ embodiment 3 gained reduced sulfur is poisoned the controlling agent processing; That effectively sulphion content is corresponding respectively is 78.2 mg/kg, 79.3 mg/kg, 81.1 mg/kg, sulphion fixedly adsorption rate respectively correspondence reach 92.01%, 91.92%, 91.72%.
Experiment 8: the cold immersed field reduced sulfur is poisoned the lifting effect of controlling agent to control of the secondary cold immersed field of Zhejiang Yiwu City reduced sulfur and rice yield:
Selection secondary type cold immersed field, Yiwu City Bai Feng reservoir downstream, Zhejiang is controlled reduced sulfur and is poisoned checking, is 4.68 through the pH that measures this cold immersed field, place soil, and effective sulphion content is 873 mg/kg in the soil.Soil pH is 5.01 in the normal high-yield field, this place simultaneously, and effective sulphion content is 57.3 mg/kg in the soil.
Select 1 in 3 in 0.1 mu of secondary type cold immersed field and 0.1 mu of normal high-yield field respectively; Plant river in Zhejiang Province excellent 12 respectively; In rice transplanting whole ground of first three day; Every mu of cold immersed field applies the cold immersed field reduced sulfur and poisons 40 kilograms of controlling agents (the every corresponding embodiment 1 ~ embodiment 3 gained cold immersed field reduced sulfurs that apply in cold immersed field are poisoned controlling agent); Mixing, tillering stage more every mu apply the cold immersed field reduced sulfur and poison 40 kilograms of controlling agents (the every corresponding embodiment 1 ~ embodiment 3 gained cold immersed field reduced sulfurs that apply in cold immersed field are poisoned controlling agents), the fertilizer of production process, water management are the same with normal paddy rice production management; The rice yield in (results amount to about 150 days from transplanting extremely) mensuration cold immersed field and normal water rice field during results, the effective sulphion content of soil pH and soil.
The result shows,
After the cold immersed field of embodiment 1 ~ embodiment 3 gained reduced sulfur was poisoned the controlling agent processing, the cold immersed field rice yield was respectively 456kg/ mu, 451kg/ mu, 449 kg/ mus; This moment, the pH of cold immersed field soil was respectively 5.15,5.14,5.11; Effective sulphion content is respectively 50.1 mg/kg, 51.2mg/kg, 52.1 mg/kg in the soil.
The rice yield in normal water rice field is a 458kg/ mu, and its soil pH is 5.02, and effective sulphion content is 56.8 mg/kg in the soil.
It is thus clear that after the processing of cold immersed field reduced sulfur murder by poisoning controlling agent; The cold immersed field rice yield reaches the yield level in normal high-yield field basically; The pH of secondary cold immersed field soil has obtained bigger lifting and effectively control respectively with effective sulphion content, and the pH of secondary cold immersed field soil is superior to normal high-yield field to a certain extent with effective sulphion content.
Experiment 9: the cold immersed field reduced sulfur is poisoned the lifting of controlling agent to control of the primary cold immersed field of Zhejiang Yiwu City reduced sulfur and rice yield:
The red bank primary type of selection Zhejiang Yiwu City cold immersed field is controlled reduced sulfur and is poisoned checking, is 4.61 through the pH that measures this cold immersed field, ground soil, and effective sulphion content is 1243 mg/kg in the soil.Soil pH is 5.01 in the normal high-yield field, this ground simultaneously, and effective sulphion content is 57.3 mg/kg in the soil.
Select 1 in 3 in 0.1 mu of primary type cold immersed field and 0.1 mu of normal high-yield field respectively; Plant river in Zhejiang Province excellent 12 respectively; In rice transplanting whole ground of first three day; The cold immersed field applies the cold immersed field reduced sulfur for every mu and poisons 60 kilograms of controlling agents (the every corresponding embodiment 1 ~ embodiment 3 gained cold immersed field reduced sulfurs that apply in cold immersed field are poisoned controlling agent); Mixing, tillering stage more every mu apply the cold immersed field reduced sulfur and poison 60 kilograms of controlling agents (the every corresponding embodiment 1 ~ embodiment 3 gained cold immersed field reduced sulfurs that apply in cold immersed field are poisoned controlling agents), the fertilizer of production process, water management are the same with normal paddy rice production management; The rice yield in (results amount to about 150 days from transplanting extremely) mensuration cold immersed field and normal water rice field during results, the effective sulphion content of soil pH and soil.
The result shows,
After the cold immersed field of embodiment 1 ~ embodiment 3 gained reduced sulfur was poisoned the controlling agent processing, the cold immersed field rice yield was respectively 459 kg/ mus, 454kg/ mu, 453 kg/ mus; This moment, the pH of cold immersed field soil was respectively 5.04,5.03,5.02; Effective sulphion content is respectively 49.1 mg/kg, 49.7mg/kg, 50.6 mg/kg in the soil.
The rice yield in normal water rice field is a 458kg/ mu, and its soil pH is 5.01, and effective sulphion content is 57.1mg/kg in the soil.
It is thus clear that after the processing of cold immersed field reduced sulfur murder by poisoning controlling agent; Primary cold immersed field rice yield reaches the yield level in normal high-yield field basically; The pH of primary cold immersed field soil has obtained bigger lifting and effectively control respectively with effective sulphion content, and the pH of primary cold immersed field soil is superior to normal high-yield field to a certain extent with effective sulphion content.
Experiment 10: the cold immersed field reduced sulfur is poisoned the lifting of controlling agent to control of primary cold immersed field, Yichuan reduced sulfur and rice yield:
Selection primary type cold immersed field, Yichuan is controlled reduced sulfur and is poisoned checking, is 4.71 through the pH that measures this cold immersed field, ground soil, and effective sulphion content is 1123 mg/kg in the soil.Soil pH is 4.92 in the normal high-yield field, this ground simultaneously, and effective sulphion content is 71.2 mg/kg in the soil.
Select 1 in 3 in 0.1 mu of primary type cold immersed field and 0.1 mu of normal high-yield field respectively; Plant river in Zhejiang Province excellent 12 respectively; In rice transplanting whole ground of first three day; The cold immersed field applies the cold immersed field reduced sulfur and poisons 60 kilograms of controlling agents (the every corresponding embodiment 1 ~ embodiment 3 gained cold immersed field reduced sulfurs that apply in cold immersed field are poisoned controlling agent); Mixing, tillering stage more every mu apply the cold immersed field reduced sulfur and poison 60 kilograms of controlling agents (the every corresponding embodiment 1 ~ embodiment 3 gained cold immersed field reduced sulfurs that apply in cold immersed field are poisoned controlling agents), the fertilizer of production process, water management are the same with normal paddy rice production management; The rice yield in (results amount to about 150 days from transplanting extremely) mensuration cold immersed field and normal water rice field during results, the effective sulphion content of soil pH and soil.
The result shows,
After the cold immersed field of embodiment 1 ~ embodiment 3 gained reduced sulfur was poisoned the controlling agent processing, the cold immersed field rice yield was respectively 449 mg/kg, 445kg/ mu, 443 mg/kg; This moment, the pH of cold immersed field soil was respectively 5.03,5.01,5.00; Effective sulphion content is respectively 50.6 mg/kg, 51.2mg/kg, 52.5 mg/kg in the soil.
The rice yield in normal water rice field is 447 kg/ mus, and its soil pH is 4.93, and effective sulphion content is 70.9 mg/kg in the soil.
It is thus clear that after the processing of cold immersed field reduced sulfur murder by poisoning controlling agent; Primary cold immersed field rice yield can reach the yield level in normal high-yield field; The pH of primary cold immersed field soil has obtained bigger lifting and effectively control respectively with effective sulphion content, and the pH of primary cold immersed field soil is superior to normal high-yield field to a certain extent with effective sulphion content.
Comparative Examples 1, a kind of cold immersed field reduced sulfur are poisoned controlling agent,
Make 0.35 part of the ferment bacterium among the embodiment 1 into 0.2 part, all the other are with embodiment 1.
Comparative Examples 2, a kind of cold immersed field reduced sulfur are poisoned controlling agent,
Make 0.35 part of the ferment bacterium among the embodiment 1 into 0.5 part, all the other are with embodiment 1.
Comparative Examples 3, a kind of cold immersed field reduced sulfur are poisoned controlling agent,
Make the rice husk among the embodiment 1 into peanut shell, all the other are with embodiment 1.
Comparative Examples 4, a kind of cold immersed field reduced sulfur are poisoned controlling agent,
Make the rice husk among the embodiment 1 into the straw stalk, all the other are with embodiment 1.
Comparative Examples 5, a kind of cold immersed field reduced sulfur are poisoned controlling agent, cancellation step 4) in the use of NaOH solution; That is, make step 4) into following content:
4), the controlling agent base-material after will fermenting is in 90 ℃ of reactions 4 hours down; After being cooled to room temperature, solid is obtained in centrifugation, and solid washes on the drip washing post of band filter screen with deionized water, and the cleaning solution that produces until the flushing back is neutral; Solid air dry after the above-mentioned flushing gets the cold immersed field reduced sulfur and poisons controlling agent to constant weight.
All the other are with embodiment 1.
The contrast experiment 1:
The cold immersed field sulphur of above-mentioned Comparative Examples 1 ~ Comparative Examples 5 is poisoned controlling agent, and the cold immersed field reduced sulfur that substitutes respectively in the experiment 8 is poisoned controlling agent (embodiment 1 gained), and all the other are with experiment 8.Concrete outcome is following:
The cold immersed field rice yield is respectively 371kg/ mu, 377 kg/ mus, 384kg/ mu, 374kg/ mu, 369kg/ mu, and this moment, the pH of cold immersed field soil was respectively 4.97,4.98,5.00,4.94,4.90; Effective sulphion content is respectively 66.2mg/kg, 66.3 mg/kg, 66.9mg/kg, 68.2 mg/kg, 74.8 mg/kg in the soil.
At last, it is also to be noted that what more than enumerate only is several specific embodiments of the present invention.Obviously, the invention is not restricted to above embodiment, many distortion can also be arranged.All distortion that those of ordinary skill in the art can directly derive or associate from content disclosed by the invention all should be thought protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the cold immersed field reduced sulfur is poisoned controlling agent, it is characterized in that being grouped into by the one-tenth of following weight portion:
100 parts on rice husk, 10 ~ 15 parts of pig manures, 1.5 ~ 2.0 parts of wheat brans, 0.15 ~ 0.20 part in brown sugar, 1.5 ~ 1.8 parts in urea, 50 ~ 60 parts in water, 0.3 ~ 0.4 part of ferment bacterium and concentration are 144 ~ 180 parts of the sodium hydroxide solutions of 1.3 ~ 1.7 mol/L.
2. cold immersed field as claimed in claim 1 reduced sulfur is poisoned the preparation method of controlling agent, it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1), the preparation of base-material:
1., brown sugar is dissolved in part water, brown sugar water; Urea is dissolved in remaining water, gets urea water;
2., brown sugar water, urea water, wheat bran and ferment bacterium are puddled evenly, small powder;
3., said small powder and pig manure are puddled evenly, material must ferment;
4., rice husk and fermentation material are puddled evenly, the controlling agent base-material;
2), the fermentation of controlling agent base-material:
1., the controlling agent base-material carries out spontaneous fermentation after stacking; When fermentation temperature surpasses 65 ~ 70 ℃, casting;
2., repeat above-mentioned steps spontaneous fermentation and casting 1., the rice husk in the controlling agent base-material is become till taupe or the pitchy by yellow; Controlling agent base-material after must fermenting;
3), the controlling agent base-material modification after the fermentation:
With controlling agent base-material and concentration after the fermentation is that the NaOH solution of 1.3 ~ 1.7 mol/L mixes; Reacted 3.5 ~ 4.5 hours down in 85 ~ 95 ℃ then; After being cooled to room temperature, solid is obtained in centrifugation, and said solid is used deionized water rinsing, and the cleaning solution that produces until the flushing back is neutral; After the air dry, get the cold immersed field reduced sulfur and poison controlling agent.
3. cold immersed field according to claim 2 reduced sulfur is poisoned the preparation method of controlling agent, it is characterized in that: the spontaneous fermentation of the step said step 2) in 1. is:
Become cross section to be trapezoidal rectangular heap controlling agent base-material composting; Side at rectangular heap covers with gas permeable material, covers with Polypropylence Sheet at the top of rectangular heap; Thereby play the purpose that prevents rain leakage and sunshine direct projection; The controlling agent base-material carries out spontaneous fermentation.
4. cold immersed field according to claim 3 reduced sulfur is poisoned the preparation method of controlling agent, and it is characterized in that: said gas permeable material is gunnysack, straw bag, straw screen or mat or soil.
5. cold immersed field according to claim 4 reduced sulfur is poisoned the preparation method of controlling agent, it is characterized in that: said rice husk is for crossing the rice husk of 3mm aperture sieve.
6. cold immersed field as claimed in claim 1 reduced sulfur is poisoned the method for using of controlling agent:
Before rice transplanting 2 ~ 4 days, apply a cold immersed field reduced sulfur and poison controlling agent;
When paddy rice is in tillering stage, applies a cold immersed field reduced sulfur again and poison controlling agent;
Every mu of cold immersed field applies the cold immersed field reduced sulfur at every turn and poisons controlling agent 40 ~ 60kg.
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