CN102696299A - Method for controlling stony desertification through biological engineering - Google Patents
Method for controlling stony desertification through biological engineering Download PDFInfo
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- CN102696299A CN102696299A CN2012101316356A CN201210131635A CN102696299A CN 102696299 A CN102696299 A CN 102696299A CN 2012101316356 A CN2012101316356 A CN 2012101316356A CN 201210131635 A CN201210131635 A CN 201210131635A CN 102696299 A CN102696299 A CN 102696299A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for controlling stony desertification through biological engineering. The method comprises a step of planting vetiveria zizanioides and paspalum natatum, wherein the vetiveria zizanioides and the paspalum natatum are intercropped; and the vetiveria zizanioides is planted along the outer rings of contour lines, and the paspalum natatum is planted among the vetiveria zizanioides. Because of the mutual tropism and the compatibility of the spatial and temporal distribution of roots, the two grasses are mutually beneficial, the nutrient resources can be utilized at high efficiency, the effective utilization of nitrogen and phosphorus is effectively improved, and the efficiency of improving the rocky desertification lands is greatly improved. The vetiveria zizanioides has nodule bacteria, so that wasteland hills can become terraced fields with fertile deep soil layers through the interception of the hedgerow of the vetiveria zizanioides layer by layer after the vetiveria zizanioides is continuously planted for multiple years; the paspalum natatum is in favor of accumulation of humus; after the lands are covered with the paspalum natatum, the effects of suppressing weed germination are realized; and the dead developed roots and the dead stems of the aboveground parts are decomposed in the soil to form the humus, so that the purposes of zero-ploughing, improving the physical and chemical properties of the soil and increasing the nutrients of the soil are realized without intertilling and weeding.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to stony desertification and administer the method and technology field, relate in particular to a kind of method of administering stony desertification through biotechnology.
Background technology
Desertification is a global ecological environment problem; China is one of serious country of desertification in the world, shows according to national desertification finding, and China's desertification land area is 262.2 ten thousand square kilometres; Account for 27.4% of area, nearly 400,000,000 populations receive the influence of desertification.Wherein, in the desertification stony desertification of refractory reason be since for a long time natural vegetation constantly destroyed, open up wasteland in large-area abrupt slope; Cause the face of land exposed, add that the mountain area soil layer is thin, the basement rock exposure is shallow; The heavy rain scouring force is strong, and rock shows especially exposedly gradually after a large amount of water and soil loss, and organic matter runs off totally; Present the stony desertification phenomenon, and As time goes on, the degree of stony desertification and area are being deepened constantly and development also.The stony desertification development directly causes the forfeiture of land resources.Again because Rocky Desertification Region lacks vegetation; Can not water conservation; Often be accompanied by serious human livestock drinking water difficulty, the stony desertification phenomenon that water and soil resources appear after constantly running off has not only worsened agricultural production conditions and ecotope; And will make the masses lose the primary condition of depending on for existence, ecological immigrant is had to consider in many places.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method of administering stony desertification through biotechnology.
For realizing that the technical scheme that the object of the invention adopted is: a kind ofly administer the method for stony desertification through biotechnology, be included in Rocky Desertification Region intercropping vetiver (
Vetiveria zizanioides) and paspalum notatum (
Paspalum natatu), said vetiver is cooked the plantation of contour outer shroud, and said paspalum notatum intercropping is between said vetiver.
The line-spacing of said vetiver is 80～120mm.
The present invention through Rocky Desertification Region plantation vetiver (
Vetiveria zizanioides) and paspalum notatum (
Paspalum natatu), said paspalum notatum intercropping is between said vetiver.The characteristics of vetiver and paspalum notatum have been effectively utilized; Well developed root system; Wide adaptability, strong stress resistance have drought-enduring, heat-resisting, cold-resistant, impoverishment tolerant, characteristic such as waterlogging, acidproof, alkaline-resisting, and are prone to plantation, are prone to become work, manageability, seldom grow or the insect pest that spreads disease; Do not corrode other biology, fixing of soil and conservation of water.
Vetiver is cooked the plantation of contour outer shroud, helps better water, prevents erosion.
Both are under the situation of interplanting, and it is upright to bring into play cus-cus natural plant height bar, and trench rooted characteristic forms a lot of wattled wall, tall and straightly stop silt and deep layer water and soil loss; The paspalum notatum stem of crawling away crawls to extend, and anti-shady and cool, barren-resistant, fibrous root is longer than its internode closely, and root is sturdy, lignification, and root system is flourishing, and the root amount is many, more piece, stipes is hard, and internode is short, pastes the table place of throwing oneself on the ground and can take root successively and bury, and paste the face of land securely; Leaf is and draws aciculiform, for face of land fixing of soil and conservation of water very effectively.
What is more important; Said vetiver and said paspalum notatum intercropping; Both flourishing root systems can split branch with the Rocky Desertification Region agllutination soil structure that hardens; Form a large amount of Kong Wen, be beneficial to nutritions such as moisture, face of land humus, air, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and get into the agllutination soil that hardens to some extent, the mutual taxis of spatial and temporal distributions and compatibility make between two grass and mutually promote, the nutrient resources effective utilization; Improve elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus effectively and efficiently utilized, and greatly improved the efficient of improving the stony desertification soil.The single cropping vetiver is unfavorable for face of land water and soil conservation and improvement; The single cropping paspalum notatum is unfavorable for face of land deep layer water and soil conservation and improvement again, has the mutual intercropping of two plant species only, could complementation advance mutually.Vetiver has rhizobium, has extremely strong nitrogen fixation, plants water and soil that the several years can make the hills, deserted mountain becomes fertile dark soil layer through the interception layer by layer of vetiver hedgerow terraced fields continuously; Paspalum notatum helps the accumulation of humus; After paspalum notatum covers; The effect that suppresses weed germination is arranged, and the withered withered stem with acrial part of the flourishing system of fibrous root is fallen leaves, can form humus after in soil, decomposing; Realize not intertilling not weeding, reach the purpose of zero ploughing and the physicochemical character of improving the soil, increase soil nutrient.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is done further explanation:
The content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic matter, water and salt in soil when Fig. 1 does not plant vetiver and paspalum notatum;
The content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic matter, water and salt in soil during Fig. 2 list kind vetiver;
The content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic matter, water and salt in soil during Fig. 3 list kind paspalum notatum;
The content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic matter, water and salt in soil when Fig. 4 vetiver and paspalum notatum intercropping.
Embodiment
One, the solid soil mechanics characteristic of vetiver root system
Maximum drag when using scale spring tension instrumentation to decide the sample root system to break; Root system plane of disruption diameter when being broken with vernier scale mensuration root system, the tensile strength of mensuration vetiver, P=4F/ π D2 (the maximum stretching resistance of F-; D-breaks place's root system diameter), every sample repeats 10-28 time.Measure the result and see table 1.
The solid soil mechanics characteristic of table 1 vetiver root system
| Diameter (mm) | Pulling force (kg) | The maximum tensile strength (MPa) | Diameter (mm) | Pulling force (kg) | The maximum tensile strength (MPa) |
| 0.2 | 0.6 | 186.69 | 0.63 | 2.73 | 85.6 |
| 0.35 | 1.2 | 121.9 | 0.62 | 2.8 | 71.4 |
| 0.38 | 1.5 | 129.2 | 0.65 | 2.73 | 63.3 |
| 0.4 | 1.33 | 103.4 | 0.65 | 2.7 | 76.7 |
| 0.4 | 1.5 | 116.7 | 0.66 | 2.74 | 78.2 |
| 0.45 | 1.38 | 97.1 | 0.62 | 2.53 | 81.9 |
| 0.48 | 1.75 | 93.5 | 0.67 | 2.68 | 74.3 |
| 0.55 | 2.23 | 91.7 | 0.62 | 2.63 | 85.2 |
| 0.57 | 2.62 | 100.3 | 0.65 | 2.56 | 75.4 |
| 0.60 | 2.61 | 90.20 | 0.60 | 2.15 | 74.3 |
| 0.63 | 2.66 | 83.4 | 0.70 | 2.95 | 74.9 |
| 0.62 | 2.63 | 85.10 | 1.30 | 4.90 | 36.1 |
| 0.61 | 2.30 | 76.90 | 1.50 | 5.10 | 28.2 |
| 0.62 | 2.48 | 79.00 | 1.70 | 5.30 | 22.9 |
Two, vetiver and paspalum notatum planting experiment
If no special instructions, each component content unit described in the following example is quality permillage (‰).
When not planting vetiver and paspalum notatum
As shown in Figure 1: the soil stickiness of Rocky Desertification Region is very big, bad hydraulic permeability, and the agllutination that hardens is serious; Hardness is big; Be difficult for absorbing moisture, air can not get into, and physicochemical property and composition are more stable; The content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic matter, water and salt is extremely not low in the soil when planting vetiver and paspalum notatum, and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic matter, water and the salt content in the period of first to four is respectively nitrogen in the Rocky Desertification Region soil: 0.3,0.29,0.3,0.31; Phosphorus: 0.2,0.21,0.2,0.19; Potassium: 0.1,0.11,0.09,0.1; Organic matter: 1.5,1.3,1,1; Water: 3,2.9,2.8,2.7; Salt: 0.8,0.9,1,1; And along with the growth in time, except the situation of the further petrochemical industry of soil, moisture also further runs off once again, and salt content is higher, the soil property sclerosis, and oxygen content is extremely low, and environment is worse and worse.
The test of single kind vetiver:
As shown in Figure 2: the content distribution of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic matter, water and salt is uneven in the soil when the single kind vetiver of desertization zone; The deep layer soil property is improved comparatively obvious, and the content of its nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic matter and salt is respectively nitrogen: 0.8,1.8,2.8,3.8; Phosphorus: 0.6,1.1,2.1,2.9; Potassium: 0.5,1,1.9,2.8; Organic matter: 3.5,8.5,14,22; Water: 10,15,24,33; Salt: 0.8,0.7,0.6,0.5; The topsoil organic matter removal has increase slightly, and palette caking knot is still serious, is unfavorable for absorbing moisture, and air can not get into, and physicochemical property and composition are more stable, and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and water content are all very low.Top layer water and soil still has leakage.
Single paspalum notatum of planting is tested:
As shown in Figure 3: the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic matter, water and salt mainly is that top layer soil property improvement is comparatively obvious in the soil when the single kind paspalum notatum of desertization zone, and the content of its nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic matter and salt is respectively nitrogen: 0.8,1.9,2.9,3.9; Phosphorus: 0.6,1,1.8,2.6; Potassium: 0.5,0.9,1.7,2.5; Organic matter: 3.5,8.5,14,22; Water: 10,15,24,33; Salt: 0.8,0.7,0.6,0.5; Deep soil does not almost change, and the agllutination that hardens is still serious, can't absorb moisture and air, and physicochemical property and composition are more stable, and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium are extremely low, and deep layer can't retaining, causes top layer moisture to be difficult to maintenance.
Vetiver and paspalum notatum intercropping test:
As shown in Figure 7: the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic matter, water and salt is respectively nitrogen in the soil when regional vetiver of desertization and paspalum notatum intercropping: 1.2,2,3.9,5.8; Phosphorus: 1.1,1.9,2.8,4.1; Potassium: 0.9,2.1,3.2,4.5; Organic matter: 15,26,39,56; Water: 26,38,56,85; Salt: 0.6,0.4,0.3,0.25, the various nutriments of top layer and deep layer all have more obviously improvement, and water and soil conservation is better; Organic matter and water content all increase year by year; The soil oxygen content is also increasingly high, and vetiver and paspalum notatum are all vigorous than the nonoculture growth, and soil property is improved very good.
Vetiver has rhizobium, and extremely strong nitrogen fixation is arranged, and promotes the increase of nitrogen element in the soil; Paspalum notatum helps the accumulation of humus, increases organic matter; The two intercropping; Both flourishing root systems can split branch with the Rocky Desertification Region agllutination soil structure that hardens; Form a large amount of Kong Wen, be beneficial to nutritions such as moisture, face of land humus, air, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and get into the agllutination soil that hardens to some extent, the mutual taxis of spatial and temporal distributions and compatibility make between two grass and mutually promote, the nutrient resources effective utilization; Improve elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus effectively and efficiently utilized, and greatly improved the efficient of improving the stony desertification soil
The Xichuan is a south water to north work centerline head works and main watershed, and country proposes higher requirement to the ecotope of Xichuan, according to State Council about the south water to north should " water saving back water transfer earlier; water flowing after the first pollution treatment, ecological earlier back water " indication, as the watershed of the south water to north; Protect forest resources, enlarge forest cover, improve forest coverage; Improve the ecological environment, significant.The domestic stony desertification landforms in Xichuan County are main, with a varied topography with low mountains and hills, and the gradient is bigger; 29.8 ten thousand mu of existing stony desertification areas account for 20.3% of 1,470,000 mu of the protection zone gross area gross areas, are used for the ecological environmental protection of south water to north work centerline water head site; Beginning is carried out autotelic experimental study in the reservoir area, Danjiangkou; Wherein, vetiver and said paspalum notatum intercropping have obtained tangible ecological benefits, have received the great attention of national departments concerned and local government.Vetiver, paspalum notatum are that good water is protected plant, and the research through in recent years and in demonstration, the popularization of reservoir area, south water to north work centerline water head site Danjiangkou has obtained tangible result.The vetiver vegetative propagation, practice shows there is not the biotic intrusion phenomenon.Vetiver, paspalum notatum are used for water and soil conservation, the deserted mountain is administered, stablized abrupt slope, revegetation, improvement of contaminated soil, sewage purification, wetland construction, comprehensive development and utilization etc., and effect is remarkable.
Claims (2)
1. administer the method for stony desertification through biotechnology for one kind, it is characterized in that: be included in Rocky Desertification Region intercropping vetiver (
Vetiveria zizanioides) and paspalum notatum (
Paspalum natatu), said vetiver is cooked the plantation of contour outer shroud, and said paspalum notatum intercropping is between said vetiver.
2. the method through biotechnology improvement stony desertification as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the line-spacing of said vetiver is 80～120mm.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103435230A (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2013-12-11 | 河南坤元生态环保科技有限责任公司 | A/O/E (anaerobic/aerobic/endogenous respiration) composite treatment system for domestic sewage |
| CN103911981A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-07-09 | 贵州师范大学 | Prevention method for potential rocky desertification in karst mountainous area |
| CN103931372A (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2014-07-23 | 贵州师范大学 | Treatment method for slight stony desertification in karst mountainous area |
| CN104082088A (en) * | 2014-07-07 | 2014-10-08 | 孙君策 | Method for afforestation on stony desertification barren mountain |
| CN106550622A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-04-05 | 广东省水利电力勘测设计研究院 | A kind of method and purposes of khoai reservoir area fluctuating zone ecological recovery |
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| JP2008237048A (en) * | 2007-03-26 | 2008-10-09 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | Method for covering soil |
| CN101509257A (en) * | 2009-03-05 | 2009-08-19 | 贵州科农生态环保科技有限责任公司 | Method for growing balsamroot grass to fix soil to protect slope |
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Patent Citations (5)
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| EP0808950A1 (en) * | 1995-12-06 | 1997-11-26 | Asahi Doken Kabushiki Kaisha | Water retentive net |
| CN1526886A (en) * | 2003-09-22 | 2004-09-08 | 中国科学院华南植物研究所 | Plant configuration and ecological engineering technology for embankment |
| JP2008237048A (en) * | 2007-03-26 | 2008-10-09 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | Method for covering soil |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103435230A (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2013-12-11 | 河南坤元生态环保科技有限责任公司 | A/O/E (anaerobic/aerobic/endogenous respiration) composite treatment system for domestic sewage |
| CN103931372A (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2014-07-23 | 贵州师范大学 | Treatment method for slight stony desertification in karst mountainous area |
| CN103931372B (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2015-11-18 | 贵州师范大学 | The administering method of stony desertification that Karst Mountain Areas is slight |
| CN103911981A (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2014-07-09 | 贵州师范大学 | Prevention method for potential rocky desertification in karst mountainous area |
| CN103911981B (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2016-03-16 | 贵州师范大学 | The prevention and controls of the potential stony desertification in Karst Mountain Areas |
| CN104082088A (en) * | 2014-07-07 | 2014-10-08 | 孙君策 | Method for afforestation on stony desertification barren mountain |
| CN106550622A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-04-05 | 广东省水利电力勘测设计研究院 | A kind of method and purposes of khoai reservoir area fluctuating zone ecological recovery |
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Application publication date: 20121003 |