CN102680377B - Test device for measuring rising heights and speeds of porous medium capillary water - Google Patents
Test device for measuring rising heights and speeds of porous medium capillary water Download PDFInfo
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- CN102680377B CN102680377B CN201210183001.5A CN201210183001A CN102680377B CN 102680377 B CN102680377 B CN 102680377B CN 201210183001 A CN201210183001 A CN 201210183001A CN 102680377 B CN102680377 B CN 102680377B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a test device for measuring rising heights and speeds of porous medium capillary water. The test device is characterized by comprising a water tank (1), a drain pipe (2), a drain pipe switch (3), a three-way joint (4), a three-way switch (5), a piezometric tube (6), an overflow tube (7), an overflow tube switch (8), a capillary tube (9), lower permeable stones (10), coarse sand (11), upper permeable stones (12), an exhaust pipe switch (13), an exhaust pipe (14), soil collecting hole plugs (5), test samples (16), a test sample cylinder (17), a plastic pipe (18), a water supplementing pipe (19) and a water supplementing pipe switch (20). The manufacturing of the instruments used by the method is simple, the measurement accuracy is high, the usage is convenient, rising height control requirements of sample capillary water are met, the method can be directly used for measuring parameters of rising heights and speeds of capillary water of various porous media such as sand, sandy soil and floury soil, and can be used indoor or field testing of parameters of the rising heights and speeds of various porous medium capillary water in civil engineering.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of geotechnological proving installation, belongs to building (ground) field of engineering technology.
background technology
Capillarity in porous medium is at nature ubiquity, and its inner diphasic flow, no matter be to medium itself or polyphasic flow system, has engineering background widely.In soil, capillarity is to produce due to the power that attracts each other between grogs and hydrone and the surface tension of water.Capillary water height test can be obtained lifting height and the ascending velocity thereof of native inner capillary water, while being used for estimating underground water table rising, whether certain areas can become marsh or salinization of soil, buildings has or not the problems such as the possibility of being soaked, and can be used to calculate the necessary degree of depth of lowering of watertable.The method of measuring at present capillary water height is more, and every kind of method is for different types of porous medium, and does not also realize standardized operation.This application will be invented a kind of test unit exactly, to be applicable to the measurement of multiple porous medium capillary water height and speed.
summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of capillary water height measurement mechanism that is applicable to porous medium, the measurement problem of capillary water height and speed in solution sand or silt.
Technical solution of the present invention, is characterized in that a kind of test unit of measuring porous medium capillary water height and speed comprises water tank 1, downcomer 2, downcomer switch 3, three-way connection 4, three-way cock 5, piezometric tube 6, overflow pipe 7, overflow pipe switch 8, kapillary 9, lower permeable stone 10, coarse sand 11, upper dankness stone 12, gas outlet switch 13, gas outlet 14, the stopple 15 that fetches earth, sample 16, test specimen tube 17, plastic tube 18, filling pipe 19, filling pipe switch 20.Water tank 1 is connected with piezometric tube 6 by downcomer 2, piezometric tube 6 is connected with kapillary 9 by plastic tube 18, downcomer 2 is connected with piezometric tube 6 by filling pipe 19, filling pipe 19 is controlled by filling pipe switch 20, downcomer 2 is provided with downcomer switch 3, three-way connection 4 is provided with three-way cock 5, piezometric tube 6 is connected with overflow pipe 7, overflow pipe 7 is controlled by overflow pipe switch 8, lower permeable stone 10 is covered with coarse sand 11 above, coarse sand 11 is provided with upper dankness stone 12 above, upper dankness stone 12 surfaces are covered with filter paper, sample 16 is housed above filter paper, test specimen tube 17 connects gas outlet 14, gas outlet 14 is controlled by gas outlet switch 13, test specimen tube 17 is provided with multiple stopples 15 that fetch earth, test specimen tube 17 thickness are greater than 0.5cm, internal diameter is greater than 3cm, piezometric tube 6 outer walls are with scale value, minimum scale is 1mm, 0 of scale is positioned at scale value top, and flush with upper dankness stone 12 end faces.
Advantage of the present invention:
Instrument manufacturing is simple, and measuring accuracy is high, easy to use, meets sample capillary water height control requirement, can directly measure the parameter such as capillary water height and speed that various porous mediums comprise sand, sand, silt.
The scope of application of the present invention:
The various porous medium capillary water heights that can be used for running in civil engineering work and the isoparametric indoor or on-the-spot test of speed.
Accompanying drawing explanation:
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the test unit of measuring porous medium capillary water height and speed.Wherein have: water tank 1, downcomer 2, downcomer switch 3, three-way connection 4, three-way cock 5, piezometric tube 6, overflow pipe 7, overflow pipe switch 8, kapillary 9, lower permeable stone 10, coarse sand 11, upper dankness stone 12, gas outlet switch 13, gas outlet 14, the stopple 15 that fetches earth, sample 16, test specimen tube 17, plastic tube 18, filling pipe 19, filling pipe switch 20.
Embodiment:
Embodiment: utilize the test method of this measurement device porous medium capillary water height as follows:
(1) test method of sand capillary water height:
1. lower permeable stone 10 is put into coupon 17, spread the thick coarse sand 11 of 1cm on lower permeable stone 10, coarse sand 11 is installed permeable stone 12 above, and upper dankness stone 12 spreads one deck filter paper above;
2. get the air-dry sand of 1.5kg, disperse to be sprinkled in coupon 17, with tamper tamping gently, reach required dry density, now 0,6 top of piezometric tube scale value should flush in sample 16 lower surfaces;
3. close downcomer switch 3, three-way cock 5 and filling pipe switch 20, open overflow pipe switch 8 and gas outlet switch 13, will in water tank 1, fill water;
4. open downcomer switch 3, water is slowly flowed in piezometric tube 6 and kapillary 9, after 12 exhausts of water-soaked upper dankness stone, close gas outlet switch 13;
5. treat that water starts to soak sample 16 bottoms, and after overflow pipe 7 starts to have water to overflow, close downcomer switch 3, and start timing, through 5,10,20,30,60min respectively records capillary water height one time, later according to the depth of capillary water rising degree and sand color, record once every a few hours, obtain capillary water height, draw capillary water height and time curve, obtain capillary water climbing speed;
6. test is carried out, and when overflow pipe 7 is anhydrous while dripping, is repeatedly slowly interrupted and opens filling pipe switch 20, to piezometric tube 6 water fillings, has water droplet lower time to overflow pipe 7, closes filling pipe switch 20;
7. after off-test, open from top to bottom the stopple 15 that fetches earth of test specimen tube 17, scoop out appropriate sample 16 with little spoon, carry out water cut test, draw sample 16 water percentage and capillary water height curve.
(2) test method of silt capillary water height:
1. lower permeable stone 10 is put into coupon 17, spread the thick coarse sand 11 of 1cm on lower permeable stone 10, coarse sand 11 is installed permeable stone 12 above, and upper dankness stone 12 spreads one deck filter paper above;
2. get air-dry silt 1.5kg, disperse to be sprinkled in coupon 17, with tamper tamping gently, reach after required dry density,, sample 16 peripheries and test specimen tube 17 contacts site seal with paraffin, and now 0, piezometric tube top scale value should flush in sample 16 lower surfaces;
3. in the time adopting original state silt sample, first measure sample water percentage and density, then silt sample diameter is whittled into test specimen tube 17 internal diameter sizes, height of specimen is the twice of diameter, sample is slowly put into after test specimen tube 17, sample 16 peripheries and test specimen tube 17 contacts site seal with paraffin, and now 0, piezometric tube top scale value should flush in sample 16 lower surfaces;
4. close successively downcomer switch 3, three-way cock 5, filling pipe switch 20 and overflow pipe switch 8, open gas outlet switch 13, will in water tank 1, fill water;
5. open downcomer switch 3, water is slowly flowed in piezometric tube 6 and kapillary 9, after 12 exhausts of water-soaked upper dankness stone, close gas outlet switch 13;
6. be slowly interrupted and open or close downcomer switch 3, make gently saturated sample 16 from bottom to top of water, during to sample 16 surperficial water breakthrough, close downcomer switch 3;
7. slowly drive three-way cock 5, piezometric tube 6 waters surface are slowly declined gradually, stop declining or while starting to raise to the water surface in pipe, write down now water surface scale value reading in piezometric tube 6, be the capillary water height of this test sample 16;
8. repeat 5.-7., get the arithmetic mean of 2 measurement results, be the capillary water height of this sample 16;
9. after off-test, open from top to bottom the stopple 15 that fetches earth of test specimen tube 17, scoop out appropriate sample 16 with little spoon, carry out water cut test, draw sample 16 water percentage and capillary water height curve.
Claims (1)
1. measure the test unit of porous medium capillary water height and speed for one kind, it is characterized in that this device comprises water tank (1), downcomer (2), downcomer switch (3), three-way connection (4), three-way cock (5), piezometric tube (6), overflow pipe (7), overflow pipe switch (8), kapillary (9), lower permeable stone (10), coarse sand (11), upper dankness stone (12), gas outlet switch (13), gas outlet (14), stopple (15) fetches earth, sample (16), test specimen tube (17), plastic tube (18), filling pipe (19), filling pipe switch (20), water tank (1) is connected with piezometric tube (6) by downcomer (2), piezometric tube (6) is connected with kapillary (9) by plastic tube (18), downcomer (2) is connected with piezometric tube (6) by filling pipe (19), filling pipe (19) is controlled by filling pipe switch (20), downcomer (2) is provided with downcomer switch (3), three-way connection (4) is provided with three-way cock (5), piezometric tube (6) is connected with overflow pipe (7), overflow pipe (7) is controlled by overflow pipe switch (8), lower permeable stone (10) is covered with coarse sand (11) above, coarse sand (11) is provided with upper dankness stone (12) above, upper dankness stone (12) surface is covered with filter paper, sample (16) is housed above filter paper, test specimen tube (17) connects gas outlet (14), gas outlet (14) is controlled by gas outlet switch (13), test specimen tube (17) is provided with multiple stopples that fetch earth (15), test specimen tube (17) thickness is greater than 0.5cm, internal diameter is greater than 3cm, piezometric tube (6) outer wall is with scale value, minimum scale is 1mm, 0 of scale is positioned at scale value top, and flush with upper dankness stone (12) end face.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210183001.5A CN102680377B (en) | 2012-06-06 | 2012-06-06 | Test device for measuring rising heights and speeds of porous medium capillary water |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210183001.5A CN102680377B (en) | 2012-06-06 | 2012-06-06 | Test device for measuring rising heights and speeds of porous medium capillary water |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN102680377A CN102680377A (en) | 2012-09-19 |
| CN102680377B true CN102680377B (en) | 2014-06-18 |
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| CN201210183001.5A Expired - Fee Related CN102680377B (en) | 2012-06-06 | 2012-06-06 | Test device for measuring rising heights and speeds of porous medium capillary water |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103117102B (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2015-05-27 | 浙江建安检测研究院有限公司 | Point source manufacturing method and capillary tube used for positron emission tomography (PET) detection |
| CN103792174B (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2016-02-10 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Under a kind of loading environment, Rock And Soil determines head supply formula seepage flow test device |
| CN106769787A (en) * | 2017-02-17 | 2017-05-31 | 宿州学院 | A kind of multimedium infiltration experiment device and its method of testing |
| CN114047100B (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2023-12-15 | 长沙理工大学 | Test device for measuring capillary water elevation and capillary water velocity of porous medium |
| CN114689822B (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2023-03-17 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Device for measuring capillary water rising height of soil body on site and using method thereof |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101692035A (en) * | 2009-10-13 | 2010-04-07 | 东南大学 | Capillary soil water climbing height measuring device |
| CN202002832U (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-10-05 | 吉林省公路勘测设计院 | Roadbed capillary water increasing height molding test instrument |
| CN202008457U (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-10-12 | 吉林省公路勘测设计院 | Tester for capillary water height under freezing and thawing cycle state of roadbed |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101692035A (en) * | 2009-10-13 | 2010-04-07 | 东南大学 | Capillary soil water climbing height measuring device |
| CN202002832U (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-10-05 | 吉林省公路勘测设计院 | Roadbed capillary water increasing height molding test instrument |
| CN202008457U (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-10-12 | 吉林省公路勘测设计院 | Tester for capillary water height under freezing and thawing cycle state of roadbed |
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