CN102677640B - Step energy dissipater comprising reverse arc surfaces - Google Patents
Step energy dissipater comprising reverse arc surfaces Download PDFInfo
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- CN102677640B CN102677640B CN201210166806.9A CN201210166806A CN102677640B CN 102677640 B CN102677640 B CN 102677640B CN 201210166806 A CN201210166806 A CN 201210166806A CN 102677640 B CN102677640 B CN 102677640B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a step energy dissipater comprising reverse arc surfaces. The step energy dissipater comprises a straight section and a special-shaped step section, wherein the straight section is tightly connected with a water inlet; the special-shaped step section is connected with the straight section; each step of the special-shaped step section comprises a run-off elevation inclined plane, a reverse arc surface connected with the run-off elevation inclined plane and a horizontal transitional surface connected with the reverse arc surface; the gradient of a bottom slope of the special-shaped step section is the same with that of a bottom slope of the straight section; a length ratio of the straight section to the special-shaped step section is 1:(1 to 10); all the steps of the special-shaped step section have the same length and height; and each step has the length L1 of 0.4 to 18 m and the height h1 of 0.5 to 3 m. A front aerator can be additionally arranged on the straight section so as to further improve the cavitation erosion resistance.
Description
Technical field
In the invention belongs to, flow big vast energy-dissipating installation, particularly a kind of ladder energy dissipater for flood spillway (hole) or crest overflow.
Background technology
Stream energy dissipating in the Energy Dissipation Modes of ladder belongs to, changes the impact of border roughness in addition because its structure particularity causes water flow structure, current self turbulent fluctuation strengthens, and easily forms rotary roll, drives produce power dissipation whirlpool, very easily realize potential energy to turbulent fluctuation energy and hot transformation of energy, effect of energy dissipation is good; And it is practical, required financial cost is low, easy construction, easy access, and therefore, development prospect is very wide.Tradition evenly continuously " one " shape ladder (being called for short traditional ladder) is subject to general favorable comment in practical engineering application, but along with the development of China's hydraulic engineering, the compliance variation of traditional ladder, its drawback manifests gradually.Analyze reason, over nearly 10 years, the large hydraulic engineering of China all presents the feature in the large storehouse of high dam, corresponding increasing in requirement and the difficulty of flood-discharge energy-dissipating link with it, shows according to statistics, under traditional ladder is used for, lets out discharge per unit width at 50m
3when more than/s-m current, have the following disadvantages: 1, energy dissipation rate obviously declines, eliminate the reduction with the obvious advantage of most of potential energy along journey; 2, letdown flow increases, and on cascaded surface, current increase rapidly through out-of-date flow velocity, are just known by the conservation of energy, and pressure falls sharply, and the possibility that cavitation erosion occurs this trend increases suddenly.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of ladder energy dissipater containing anti-cambered surface, to improve water flow structure, strengthen effect of energy dissipation, reduce or avoid cavitation erosion.
Ladder energy dissipater containing anti-cambered surface of the present invention, comprise straight section of water inlet immediately, with straight section of special-shaped ladder section of joining, the ladders at different levels of described special-shaped ladder section are by the horizontal transition face composition joining along slope formula inclined-plane, with the anti-cambered surface of joining along formula inclined-plane, slope, with anti-cambered surface, the base slope gradient of abnormity ladder section is identical with the base slope gradient of straight section, the length of straight section: length=1 of special-shaped ladder section: 1 ~ 10.
Ladder energy dissipater containing anti-cambered surface of the present invention, can set up pre-aerator at straight section, further to improve anti-cavitation erosion ability.
The above-mentioned ladder energy dissipater containing anti-cambered surface, the step length at different levels of its special-shaped ladder section and highly identical, the length L of ladders at different levels
1be 0.4 m ~ 18m, the height h of ladders at different levels
1be 0.5 m ~ 3m.
The above-mentioned ladder energy dissipater containing anti-cambered surface, the formula inclined-plane, suitable slope of the ladders at different levels of its special-shaped ladder section is identical with the angle of vertical guide, and anti-cambered surface radius is identical, and horizontal transition face length degree is identical, and the formula inclined-plane, suitable slope of ladders at different levels and the angle β of vertical guide are
5 ° ~ 60 °, the anti-cambered surface radius R of ladders at different levels is 0.5m ~ 5m, the horizontal transition face length L of ladders at different levels
2for 0.2m ~ 2m.
Test shows, the adverse slope formula ladder section of above-mentioned adverse slope formula ladder energy dissipater and base slope inclination angle theta=8 of straight section ° ~ and 65 °.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, the anti-cambered surface containing in the ladder energy dissipater of anti-cambered surface of the present invention can be current provides centripetal force, being beneficial to whirlpool forms, main whirlpool size increases, and drive ambient water body to form secondary whirlpool, thereby water flow inside turbulent fluctuation dissipation aggravation on single-stage ladder, energy dissipation rate improves, again through cumulative step by step along journey, entirety energy dissipation rate effectively promotes, and compared with traditional ladder energy dissipater, energy dissipation rate at least improves 5% ~ 20%.
2, the formula inclined-plane, suitable slope containing in the ladder energy dissipater of anti-cambered surface of the present invention, can reduce or avoid cavitation erosion, and its gradient is adapted to different Practical Projects.
3, the salient angle containing the horizontal transition face energy passivation ladder in the ladder energy dissipater of anti-cambered surface of the present invention, the application life of improving ladder.
4, the ladder energy dissipater containing anti-cambered surface of the present invention, build is easily optimized, and constructs workable, can be widely used in various hydraulic engineerings.
5, the ladder energy dissipater containing anti-cambered surface of the present invention, in the situation that incoming flow is less, only this structure itself just can meet engineering demand; Along with the increase of incoming flow, coordinate pre-aerator can protect front what easy ladder that cavitation erosion occurs, its scope of application is increased.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the first structural representation of the ladder energy dissipater containing anti-cambered surface of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the second structural representation of the ladder energy dissipater containing anti-cambered surface of the present invention, is provided with pre-aerator on straight section;
Fig. 4 is the top view of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is the mechanism of energy dissipation schematic diagram of the ladder energy dissipater containing anti-cambered surface of the present invention.
In figure, base slope inclination angle, the L of 1-straight section, 2-special-shaped ladder section, the formula inclined-plane, suitable slope of 3-ladder, the anti-cambered surface of 4-ladder, the horizontal transition face of 5-ladder, 6-abutment wall, 7-pre-aerator, θ---special-shaped ladder section and straight section
1the length of-single-stage ladder, h
1angle, the radius of R-anti-cambered surface, the L of height, β-suitable formula inclined-plane, slope and the vertical guide of-single-stage ladder
2-horizontal transition face length degree, i-pre-aerator slope ratio, h
2-pre-aerator height, B-flood spillway or crest overflow width (ladder width).
Detailed description of the invention
Below by embodiment, the ladder energy dissipater containing anti-cambered surface of the present invention is described further.Following each embodiment is according to the design of some hydropower station multi-purpose project, and described power station catchment area is 5800km
2, it is 6350 km that catchment area is controlled in factory site
2.Power station flood spillway maximum functional head 150m, maximum letdown flow 980m
3/ s, design flood spillway or crest overflow width B=10m, maximum discharge per unit width 98m
3/ s.m.
Embodiment 1
In the present embodiment, containing the structure of the ladder energy dissipater of anti-cambered surface as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, comprise straight section 1 of water inlet immediately, with straight section of special-shaped ladder section 2 of joining, described straight section of 1 pile No. spacing 17m, described special-shaped ladder section 2 pile No. spacing 108m, special-shaped ladder section is identical with the base slope gradient of straight section, the inclination angle theta of its base slope is 18.4 °, discharge per unit width 80m
3/ s.m, is provided with abutment wall 6.The ladders at different levels of described special-shaped ladder section 2 form by the horizontal transition face 5 joining along slope formula inclined-plane 3, with the anti-cambered surface 4 of joining along formula inclined-plane, slope, with anti-cambered surface, step length at different levels and highly identical, identical with the angle of vertical guide along formula inclined-plane, slope, anti-cambered surface radius is identical, horizontal transition face length degree is identical, step length L
1=7.5m, ladder height h
1=2.5m, along angle β=45 ° of formula inclined-plane, slope and vertical guide, anti-cambered surface radius R=5m, horizontal transition face length L
2=2m.
Experimental test shows: compared with " one " font tradition ladder of equal build (under to let out discharge per unit width be 80m
3/ s.m), the entirety of the ladder energy dissipater containing the anti-cambered surface fluid stable in the present embodiment, turbulent fluctuation and rotary roll on single-stage ladder are stronger, and energy dissipation rate improves 10%, is about 84%.
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, containing the structure of the ladder energy dissipater of anti-cambered surface as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4.Difference from Example 1 is on straight section 1, to be provided with pre-aerator 7.Described pre-aerator is arranged on the 1st grade of special-shaped ladder starting point 7m place of distance, and its slope is than being i=1:3, and its lateral vertical is in straight section, highly h
2=0.5m.
Experimental test shows: compared with " one " font tradition ladder of equal build (under to let out discharge per unit width be 80m
3/ s.m), the overall fluid stable of the ladder energy dissipater containing anti-cambered surface in the present embodiment, turbulent fluctuation and rotary roll on single-stage ladder are stronger, and energy dissipation rate improves 12%, is about 86%, and front 3 ~ 5 grades of ladder cavitation erosion situations are obviously improved, and negative pressure value reduces 35%.
Embodiment 3
In the present embodiment, containing the structure of the ladder energy dissipater of anti-cambered surface as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, comprise straight section 1 of water inlet immediately, with straight section of special-shaped ladder section 2 of joining, described straight section of 1 pile No. spacing 4m, described special-shaped ladder section 2 pile No. spacing 20m, special-shaped ladder section is identical with the base slope gradient of straight section, the inclination angle theta of its base slope is 60 °, discharge per unit width 80m
3/ s.m, is provided with abutment wall 6.The ladders at different levels of described special-shaped ladder section 2 form by the horizontal transition face 5 joining along slope formula inclined-plane 3, with the anti-cambered surface 4 of joining along formula inclined-plane, slope, with anti-cambered surface, step length at different levels and highly identical, identical with the angle of vertical guide along formula inclined-plane, slope, anti-cambered surface radius is identical, horizontal transition face length degree is identical, step length L
1=1.75m, ladder height h
1=3m, along angle β=30 ° of formula inclined-plane, slope and vertical guide, anti-cambered surface radius R=2m, horizontal transition face length L
2=0.2m.
Experimental test shows: compared with " one " font tradition ladder of equal build (under to let out discharge per unit width be 80m
3/ s.m), the entirety of the ladder energy dissipater containing the anti-cambered surface fluid stable in the present embodiment, turbulent fluctuation and rotary roll on single-stage ladder are stronger, and energy dissipation rate improves 10%, is about 84%.
Claims (3)
1. the ladder energy dissipater containing anti-cambered surface, comprise immediately straight section (1) of water inlet, characterized by further comprising the special-shaped ladder section (2) of joining with straight section, the ladders at different levels of described special-shaped ladder section (2) are by horizontal transition face (5) composition joining along formula inclined-plane, slope (3), with the anti-cambered surface (4) of joining along slope formula inclined-plane, with anti-cambered surface, the base slope gradient of abnormity ladder section (2) is identical with the base slope gradient of straight section (1), the length of straight section: length=1 of special-shaped ladder section: 1～10;
The formula inclined-plane, suitable slope of the ladders at different levels of described special-shaped ladder section is identical with the angle of vertical guide, anti-cambered surface radius is identical, horizontal transition face length degree is identical, the formula inclined-plane, suitable slope of ladders at different levels and the angle β of vertical guide are 5 °～60 °, the anti-cambered surface radius R of ladders at different levels is 0.5m～5m, the horizontal transition face length L of ladders at different levels
2for 0.2m～2m;
The step length at different levels of described special-shaped ladder section and highly identical, the length L of ladders at different levels
1for 0.4m～18m, the height h of ladders at different levels
1for 0.5m～3m.
2. according to claim 1 containing the ladder energy dissipater of anti-cambered surface, it is characterized in that base slope inclination angle theta=8 ° of special-shaped ladder section (2) and straight section (1)～65 °.
3. according to the ladder energy dissipater containing anti-cambered surface described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that being provided with pre-aerator (4) on described straight section (1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210166806.9A CN102677640B (en) | 2012-05-25 | 2012-05-25 | Step energy dissipater comprising reverse arc surfaces |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210166806.9A CN102677640B (en) | 2012-05-25 | 2012-05-25 | Step energy dissipater comprising reverse arc surfaces |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN102677640A CN102677640A (en) | 2012-09-19 |
| CN102677640B true CN102677640B (en) | 2014-11-26 |
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| CN201210166806.9A Active CN102677640B (en) | 2012-05-25 | 2012-05-25 | Step energy dissipater comprising reverse arc surfaces |
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102912772B (en) * | 2012-11-22 | 2015-05-13 | 中国电建集团中南勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Discharge chute |
| CN102966082B (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2016-05-04 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Curved formula air entraining facilities under base plate |
| CN105714747A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-06-29 | 河海大学 | Stepped energy dissipator with convex bodies and flow diffusers and energy dissipation method |
| CN105756022B (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2017-11-03 | 河海大学 | Outlet structure escape works current are bypassed the immediate leadership the prevention and controls and ladder energy dissipater of flowing |
| CN106702978B (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2018-10-23 | 河海大学 | The heads such as low overfall dam energy-dissipating structure step by step |
| CN107022987B (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2023-12-22 | 福建省水利水电勘测设计研究院有限公司 | High dam overflow surface jet control structure |
| CN107513986A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2017-12-26 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of multi-level cone shape sand discharge energy dissipator |
| CN109629535A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-04-16 | 中水淮河规划设计研究有限公司 | A kind of combined energy dissipater |
| CN111910587B (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2021-09-14 | 河南省水利第二工程局 | Reinforced concrete dysmorphism overflow weir |
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| CN101195999A (en) * | 2007-10-30 | 2008-06-11 | 四川大学 | Ladder energy dissipater with doped gas device preposed |
| CN201778306U (en) * | 2010-08-30 | 2011-03-30 | 河海大学 | River bank multi-step slope protection structure with aeration and energy dissipation effects |
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| RU2233362C1 (en) * | 2003-05-30 | 2004-07-27 | Носов Евгений Георгиевич | Reconstruction method for spill-away of high concrete arched barrage (variants) |
| CN101349047B (en) * | 2008-09-04 | 2010-06-02 | 四川大学 | Aeration type curve ladder energy dissipater in flood discharge hole |
| CN101349048B (en) * | 2008-09-04 | 2010-06-02 | 四川大学 | Full section ladder energy dissipater |
| CN201459691U (en) * | 2009-07-12 | 2010-05-12 | 吉林市水利水电勘测设计研究院 | Spillway with warped surface bottom board |
| CN202073075U (en) * | 2011-05-09 | 2011-12-14 | 广东省水利水电科学研究院 | Discontinuous convex type step energy dissipater |
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- 2012-05-25 CN CN201210166806.9A patent/CN102677640B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101195999A (en) * | 2007-10-30 | 2008-06-11 | 四川大学 | Ladder energy dissipater with doped gas device preposed |
| CN201778306U (en) * | 2010-08-30 | 2011-03-30 | 河海大学 | River bank multi-step slope protection structure with aeration and energy dissipation effects |
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