CN102676391B - Method and device for producing microalgae by byproducts CO2 and NH3 and waste water in chemical plant - Google Patents

Method and device for producing microalgae by byproducts CO2 and NH3 and waste water in chemical plant Download PDF

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CN102676391B
CN102676391B CN201210167773.XA CN201210167773A CN102676391B CN 102676391 B CN102676391 B CN 102676391B CN 201210167773 A CN201210167773 A CN 201210167773A CN 102676391 B CN102676391 B CN 102676391B
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耿萌
贾光伟
王军
高志辉
杜晓丹
陆峰
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China Tianchen Engineering Corp
Tianjin Tianchen Green Energy Resources Engineering Technology and Development Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a method and device for producing microalgae by byproducts CO2 and NH3 and waste water in a chemical plant. According to the method, the byproducts CO2 and NH3 and the emitted industrial waste water containing a large amount of NH3-N in the chemical plant are used as raw materials for producing the microalgae, the obtained microalgae can be used for producing biodiesel or used as animal feed, and the problem that a large number of greenhouse gases and the industrial waste water are emitted in a process of chemical production is solved at the same time. The invention also provides a device used for producing the microalgae. The method disclosed by the invention is suitable for cultivating the microalgae in a large scale and at a low cost, and compared with other harvesting methods, the three-level microalgae harvesting method has the advantages of large processing capacity, low investment and low consumption. The method and the device have good social and economic benefits.

Description

One is utilized chemical plant by-product CO 2, NH 3and waste water is produced method and the device of micro-algae
Technical field
The present invention relates to micro-algae industrialized aquaculture field, relate in particular to one and utilize chemical plant by-product CO 2, NH 3and waste water is produced method and the device of micro-algae.
Background technology
The a large amount of fossil energy of socioeconomic development need consumption, and the use of fossil energy often brings a large amount of pollutents and CO 2discharge.Produce in the process of various Chemicals in fossil energies such as human use's coal, oil, Sweet natural gases, supervened a large amount of CO 2and containing NH 3the industrial wastewater discharge that-N is higher.A large amount of CO of discharge 2to cause global warming and ecotope will be impacted; The trade effluent of discharge causes the eutrophication at water source, usually causes great environmental disaster to occur.
Micro-algae is a kind of tiny organism, is also that growth and breeding is fastest in the world, utilizes the most effective plant of photosynthesis absorbing carbon dioxide.They can effectively utilize sunlight, are carbohydrate and grease by water and carbon dioxide conversion, and the frond that the solid carbon of micro-algae produces can be for the production of food, chemical products and biomass energy.In addition, micro-algae is the nutritive ingredient such as nitrogen, phosphorus in graywater in light autotrophy culturing process, thereby reduces the eutrophication of water body, plays the object that purifies factory's waste discharge.
Current both culturing microalgae method all cannot reach the requirement of large-scale industrialization cultivation.Patent CN101555455 provides culture/harvesting method and the system of a kind of micro-algae, it can effectively improve micro-algae while cultivating to CO 2utilization ratio, improve micro-algae output, in the time of microalgae harvesting, reduced results step and the cost of micro-algae, but its adopt biological photosynthetic reactor production efficiency lower, cannot accomplish large-scale continuous production, and utilize CO 2time, be still to adopt directly to pass into CO 2bubble is for the method for micro algae growth, CO 2bubble is difficult for diffusing in water, and major part cannot be absorbed and diffuse to atmosphere, therefore CO 2utilization ratio is still not ideal enough, and the microalgae harvesting method that it adopts in addition need to add NaOH solution, and the scope of application is narrower, is only applicable to Partial Species algae.And in prior art, other of micro-algae are mainly gathered in the crops technology, as centrifuging, filtration method, flocculence also exist problems: centrifuging production cost is high, and industrial scale is little, cannot be suitable for large-scale commercial production; Filtration method easily stops up filtering net, and labor intensity of operating staff is large, cannot continuous and stable production; Flocculence need to use flocculation agent, may micro-algae be produced and be destroyed, and also will isolate flocculation agent, flow process complexity in following process process.
Summary of the invention
Chemical plant is the chemical plant take coal as raw material especially, produces a large amount of high concentration COs at refining plant 2gas, will directly discharge atmosphere if not being used.Partial devices will generate ammoniacal liquor as coal gasification apparatus, ammonia synthesizer, produce the ammoniacal liquor of the about 10-15% of concentration after concentrated, except the discharge flue gas desulfurization for boiler is processed also without purposes too much.Simultaneously full factory produces a large amount of containing NH 3the trade effluent that-N is higher, NH in water 3-N concentration is 300-800mg/l, and pH value is 8-10, is discharged in the middle of environment and will causes the eutrophication at water source.
The problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of method and device that utilizes chemical plant by-product CO2, NH3 and waste water to produce micro-algae, and the method is utilized the CO of chemical plant by-product 2, NH 3and discharge containing NH 3the higher trade effluent of-N is as the micro-algae of raw material production, solve the Industrialized processing technique of both culturing microalgae, improve cultivation efficiency, reduce aquaculture cost, realize the industrialization of micro-algae bioenergy, obtain that micro-algae can be used for production biofuel or as animal-feed, solved the emission problem of a large amount of greenhouse gases and trade effluent in chemical process simultaneously, economic benefit is good.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of microalgae harvesting method, has processing power large compared with other harvesting approaches, and low advantage is supported, consumed in investment.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of large-scale continuous micro-algae production method, comprises the steps:
(1) in culturing pool, add micro-algae and the required nutrient solution of micro-algae; Described nutrient solution makes by the following method: at NH 3-N concentration is that 300-800mg/L, pH value are in the trade effluent of 8-10 and the byproduct ammoniacal liquor in chemical plant, passes into rich carbonated industrial gaseous waste and obtains NH 4hCO 3solution, with this NH 4hCO 3solution is main raw material, adds plant growth promoter and other required nutritive ingredients of selected micro algae growth, is mixed with nutrient solution required in micro algae growth process;
(2) nutrient solution that contains micro-algae at culturing pool, filter between saturated pond and filtrate tanks and circulate, realize the continuous operation that micro-algae produces;
(3) in the saturated pond of filtration, add NH 3-N concentration is that 300-800mg/L, pH value are the trade effluent of 8-10 and the byproduct ammoniacal liquor in chemical plant, as the moisturizing of micro-algae production process;
The bottom in the saturated pond of described filtration is provided with some strainer tubes, and strainer tube outer wall filter pore aperture is 0.01-1mm;
Described strainer tube is at least divided into two groups, two groups of hocket filtration and logical CO 2gas-operated;
In the time that algae liquid enters into the saturated pond of filtration, pH value exceeds the growth pH scope of micro-algae, and rich carbonated industrial gaseous waste is passed into and is filtered in saturated pond by strainer tube, and the pH value of algae liquid is down to the pH value scope of micro-algae suitable growth;
In the time filtering, the micro-algae of prematurity of filtering in saturated pond follows algae liquid to flow into filtrate tanks, and ripe micro-algae cannot be stayed and be filtered in saturated pond by filter pore, and algae liquid is concentrated.
Preferably, strainer tube filters algae liquid and logical CO 2alternate operation automatically controlled by PLC Controlling System;
(4) in the algae liquid of filtrate tanks, supplement the necessary nutriment of the micro algae growth consuming before this, after then being pressurizeed by filtrate pump, deliver to culturing pool;
(5) in the time filtering micro-concentration of algae in saturated pond and reach results and require, stop algae liquid and enter and filter saturated pond, make strainer tube all carry out filter operation simultaneously; Initial filtrate relies on gravity to enter filtrate tanks, filter saturated pit level and decline when slow when observing, filtrate tanks is vacuumized, in the time that flow of filtrate meter flow set on the entrance pipe of filtrate tanks is down to set(ting)value, stop vacuumizing, the concentrated algae liquid now filtering in saturated pond is sent outside after concentrating the pressurization of algae liquid pump.
The present invention passes into CO in trade effluent, by-product ammoniacal liquor 2gas, makes the NH in trade effluent 3with CO 2reaction forms NH 4hCO 3solution adds plant growth promoter, K simultaneously 3the necessary nutritive element of the micro algae growths such as PO4 is mixed with nutrient solution.Use this nutrient solution cultivating microalgae, consume CO along with micro-algae constantly carries out photosynthesis 2, the NH in nutrient solution 4hCO 3constantly decompose and discharge CO 2, higher CO in maintain liquid 2concentration.NH 4hCO 3constantly be converted into (NH 4) 2cO 3, the pH value of nutrient solution raises gradually and is no longer applicable to algal grown, now nutrient solution is returned to logical CO again 2gas makes (NH 4) 2cO 3be converted into NH 4hCO 3, after pH value reduces, can continue to cultivate algae.Main chemical reactions is as follows:
Figure BDA00001686961100021
NH in trade effluent 3greatly improve the CO in nutrient solution 2content, has promoted micro-algae to CO 2the absorption of gas.Production method was and directly passed into CO in the past 2bubble is for micro algae growth, CO 2bubble is difficult for diffusing in water, and major part cannot be absorbed and diffuse to atmosphere, therefore CO 2utilization ratio is lower.CO of the present invention 2be present in water with ionic species, stable in properties, utilizes chemical equilibrium reaction to provide CO for micro algae growth 2, be easy to be absorbed by micro-algae, therefore greatly improve CO 2utilising efficiency.
Culturing pool in the present invention is the culturing pool of pond type culturing pool, racing track formula culturing pool or other type, and in culturing pool, micro-algae relies on the NH in nutrient solution 3, CO 2and other nutritive substance is constantly grown, is bred by photosynthesis.For realizing industrialized aquaculture, the preferential racing track formula culturing pool of selecting, culturing pool width is 1.5-2.8 rice, length is 80-200 rice, culturing pool is arranged in parallel, and 80-150 forms one group, and every group links together with overflow canal, in overflow canal, be provided with gate, can pass through the harvest time in gate open and close control different breeding pond.
Preferably, for improving the intensity of illumination of micro-algae in culturing pool, micro-algae is evenly exposed to sunlight, the present invention arranges turbulent baffle in culturing pool, make nutrient solution constantly upper and lower disturbance in mobile process in culturing pool, make micro-algae of culturing pool bottom also can float on top layer and expose to sunlight.Every group of turbulent baffle is made up of a lower breach interceptor and a upper breach interceptor, and distance between plates is 0.3-0.5 rice, every 5-10 rice, one group of turbulent baffle is set.
Preferably, for reducing the ash oontent in micro-algae product, at culturing pool with filter between saturated pond and be also provided with settling pit, the nutrient solution that contains micro-algae (algae liquid) circulates between culturing pool, settling pit, the saturated pond of filtration and filtrate tanks.
Algae liquid in culturing pool relies on flow by gravity to enter settling pit along overflow canal.Overflow canal is the irrigation canals and ditches that connect between one group of culturing pool and settling pit, and width is 0.5-1 rice.Settling pit width is 3-5 rice, and length is 4-6 rice, and dependence gravity settling is fallen settling pit bottom by the silt carrying in nutrient solution, can reduce the ash oontent in micro-algae product.After running up to certain depth, silt utilize the repair time to clear up.Algae liquid in settling pit can overflow to filtering in saturated pond, at overflow port, filter screen is set, filter the foreign material such as fallen leaves floating in algae liquid, weeds, plastics bag.Overflow port arranges 2-3, for subsequent use each other, when using overflow port for subsequent use after a filter net jam.For closed culturing pool, in the present invention, settling pit can omit.
Preferably, the width in the saturated pond of described filtration is 8-15 rice, and length is 30-50 rice, some strainer tubes of bottom parallel laid, and caliber is DN25～DN100.
Strainer tube of the present invention can be stainless steel tube, plastic pipe, pvc pipe etc., and strainer tube outer wall filter pore aperture is 0.01-1mm, according to the strainer tube of cultivating microalgae kind different choice different pore size.Strainer tube can individual layer be laid also can paved in multi-layers, and the algae liquid measure of processing is as required calculated strainer tube radical.The present invention uses strainer tube to substitute filter cloth, has solved the problem of large-scale farming filtration area deficiency, can meet by increasing the radical of strainer tube the requirement of filtration area.
Strainer tube is connected to two supervisors successively separately, and two supervisors are alternately by filtrate and CO 2gas, completes strainer tube and filters algae liquid and logical CO 2gas reduces the process of algae liquid pH value.Described supervisor is branched off into two arms, and wherein an arm is provided with valve, and this arm is connected with carbon dioxide pipeline and compressed air inlet pipe road respectively; On another arm, be provided with equally valve, this arm is connected with filtrate tanks by flow of filtrate meter, and all valves and flow of filtrate meter are all electrically connected with described PLC Controlling System.
Specifically, a supervisor is branched off into two arms, and wherein an arm is provided with V1 valve, and this arm is connected with carbon dioxide pipeline and compressed air inlet pipe road respectively, and another arm is provided with V3 valve, is connected with flow of filtrate meter.Another supervisor is branched off into two arms equally, wherein an arm is provided with V2 valve, this arm is connected with carbon dioxide pipeline and compressed air inlet pipe road respectively, another arm is provided with V4 valve, be connected with flow of filtrate meter, described V1 valve, V2 valve, V3 valve and V4 valve, flow of filtrate meter are all electrically connected with described PLC Controlling System.
Strainer tube of the present invention filters algae liquid and logical CO 2the alternation procedure that gas reduces algae liquid pH value is automatic control process, unlatching by PLC programming Control valve V1, V2, V3, V4, closes, and the switching of process is adjusted automatically according to flow of filtrate meter flow or operating time.
Preferably, described strainer tube is also provided with automatic back blow operation, and the switching of process is adjusted according to flow of filtrate meter flow or operating time automatically by PLC Controlling System; In the time that carbon dioxide cannot be to the complete blowback of filter pore on strainer tube, carbon dioxide is switched to pressurized air, pass in strainer tube.
Owing to entering, the algae liquid pH value of filtering in saturated pond is higher, has been not suitable for algae continued growth, now passes into CO 2gas is to reduce the pH value of algae liquid, and specific operation process is: Open valve V4, V1, valve-off V2, V3 pass into CO in a supervisor 2gas, CO 2gas is emerged from the filter pore of strainer tube, mainly completes three objects: the first, and logical CO 2gas makes (NH 4) 2cO 3be converted into NH 4hCO 3, make pH value be reduced to appropriate value; The second, logical CO 2gas can carry out blowback to filter pore, the dust granule that is blocked in filter pore is blown out, for next step filter operation ready; The 3rd, utilize CO 2the adsorption of bubble surface, makes the micro-algae in algae liquid be attracted to steam bubble surface and rise with steam bubble, reduces the micro-algae content of bottom algae liquid, is beneficial to and carries out filter operation.Meanwhile, in another root supervisor, algae liquid utilizes liquid level pressure reduction to flow in filtrate tanks through valve V4, and filtrate is pressed into strainer tube micropore by liquid level difference, the micro-algae of maturation that volume is larger cannot be left on and be filtered in saturated pond by filter pore, also there is no ripe micro-algae and the NH of generation 4hCO 3to enter filtrate tanks and finally return to culturing pool.In filtration procedure, dust granule in algae liquid will constantly stop up filter pore, flow of filtrate reduces gradually, when the flow obtaining when flow of filtrate instrumentation is reduced to set(ting)value, two supervisors are carried out to blocked operation: valve-off V4, V1, Open valve V2, V3, use through the strainer tube of blowback operation and filter, and the strainer tube stopping up is to some extent carried out to blowback.
Above two steps hocket, and the continous-stable of having realized algae liquid filters, and makes algae liquid pH value be reduced to appropriate value.Through after a period of time, the resistance drop of strainer tube will increase to some extent, be mainly because CO 2gaseous tension is lower, cannot accomplish the complete blowback to filter pore, still has Partial Blocking, now switches the pressurized air that pressure is higher, can the remaining dust that stop up filter pore be blown down clean.
In the present invention, contain the micro-algae of prematurity and NH 4hCO 3filtrate rely on action of gravity enter filtrate tanks, filtrate tanks is for cushioning the fluctuation of strainer tube handoff procedure filtrate, filtering in saturated pond the micro-algae of prematurity returns to culturing pool with filtrate and carries out photosynthesis continued growth, ripe micro-algae, because being left on and being filtered in saturated pond by filter pore, has therefore played the concentrate effect of algae liquid.
When micro-concentration of algae reaches after results requirement, carry out vacuum filtration operation.Close the gate in overflow canal, make algae liquid stop entering and filter in saturated pond, valve-off V1, V2, open valve V3, V4, makes all strainer tubes carry out filter operation, and filtrate is delivered to culturing pool after filtrate pump pressurization.In saturated pond to be filtered, liquid level declines when slow, only relies on liquid level difference can not continue to filter, and now opens vacuum pump filtrate tanks is vacuumized, and utilizes barometric point to continue filtration to the algae liquid filtering in saturated pond.Maintain the vacuum tightness that filtrate tanks is certain, in the time that flow of filtrate meter flow is reduced to set(ting)value, close vacuum pump.Now, algae liquid concentration is higher, can be used as product and has sent outside.
Preferably, in the time that concentrated algae liquid need to be made algae grain, use vacuum filter to carry out final filtration.Open concentrated algae liquid pump and vacuum filter, the concentrated algae liquid filtering in saturated pond is delivered to vacuum filter by concentrated algae liquid pump, obtains algae mud through vacuum filtration, and filtrate is from flowing into filtrate tanks.Algae mud shines through sun lights or drying machine can make algae grain after dry.
Preferably, there is the inclination of 5 ° at the bottom of filtering pond, saturated pond, and at the tilt intercepting gutter of 5 ° of low spot design, guarantee that whole algae liquid can send outside through concentrated algae liquid pump.
Micro-algae in the present invention can be various algae, can be by controlling the NH in nutrient solution 3-N content provides suitable pH value for algal grown.Algae can be green alga, blue-green algae, red algae, diatom etc., and preferably the higher algae of oleaginousness, as chlorella, grape algae etc., for the production of biofuel, has higher economic worth.
The present invention also provides a kind of microalgae harvesting method, filtering system being set in holding algae liquid and cultivating the saturated pond of filtration of algae liquid micro-algae, algae liquid after filtration the filtrate flow of system after filtering to filtrate tanks; When micro-concentration of algae in algae liquid reaches results while requiring, first rely on the liquid level difference of filtering algae liquid and filtrate tanks in saturated pond, the most of moisture in algae liquid is removed by filter; Then by filtrate tanks is vacuumized, utilize pressure reduction to continue to filter to the algae liquid filtering in saturated pond, obtain concentrated algae liquid; Finally with vacuum filter, the concentrated algae liquid filtering in saturated pond is further filtered, obtain algae mud, complete microalgae harvesting.
The present invention also provides a kind of microalgae culturing device adopting, comprises the saturated pond of culturing pool, settling pit, filtration, filtrate tanks and the filtrate pump of PLC Controlling System, connection successively.
The saturated pond of described filtration is provided with the water pipe of the byproduct ammoniacal liquor in trade effluent and chemical plant; The several strainer tubes of bottom parallel laid in the saturated pond of described filtration, caliber is DN25～DN100, strainer tube outer wall filter pore aperture is 0.01-1mm; Described strainer tube is divided into two groups, is connected to separately successively two supervisors, and described supervisor is branched off into two arms, and wherein an arm is provided with valve, and this arm is connected with carbon dioxide pipeline and compressed air inlet pipe road respectively; On another arm, be provided with equally valve, this arm is connected with filtrate tanks by flow of filtrate meter, and all valves and flow of filtrate meter are all electrically connected with described PLC Controlling System.
Described PLC Controlling System is filtered algae liquid and passes into CO for controlled filter pipe 2alternate operation;
The saturated pond of described filtration is also provided with concentrated algae liquid pump, and the opening for feed of concentrated algae liquid pump is visited to filtering bottom, saturated pond;
Described filtrate tanks is also connected with vacuum pump, and filtrate tanks is connected with culturing pool by filtrate pump.
Preferably, also comprise vacuum filter, described vacuum filter is connected with concentrated algae liquid pump.
Preferably, the width in the saturated pond of described filtration is 8-15 rice, and length is 30-50 rice;
Preferably, the saturated pond of described filtration has the inclination of 5 ° at the bottom of pond, and designs the intercepting gutter of 5 ° of inclinations at low spot, and the opening for feed of concentrated algae liquid pump is located in intercepting gutter.
Preferably, described culturing pool is pond type culturing pool or racing track formula culturing pool; Preferably racing track formula culturing pool, described racing track formula culturing pool width is 1.5-2.8 rice, length is 80-200 rice, culturing pool is arranged in parallel, and 80-150 forms one group, and every group links together with overflow canal, described overflow canal is communicated with settling pit, in overflow canal, is provided with gate.
Preferably, in described culturing pool, be provided with turbulent baffle, every group of turbulent baffle is made up of a lower breach interceptor and a upper breach interceptor, and distance between plates is 0.3-0.5 rice, every 5-10 rice, one group of turbulent baffle is set.
Preferably, described settling pit width is 3-5 rice, and length is 4-6 rice, is provided with overflow port in settling pit, and overflow port is provided with filter screen.
Micro-algae production method of the present invention is applicable to large-scale continuous production, and its advantage is the following aspects:
1, raw material is chemical plant by-product product and waste discharge, and production cost is low.
2, the micro-algae of the present invention nutritive ingredient such as nitrogen, phosphorus in graywater in light autotrophy culturing process, thus the eutrophication of reduction water body plays the object that purifies factory's waste discharge.
3, the present invention arranges turbulent baffle in culturing pool, makes nutrient solution constantly upper and lower disturbance in mobile process in culturing pool, makes micro-algae of culturing pool bottom also can float on top layer and exposes to sunlight.
4, further, the present invention arranges settling pit, can effectively reduce the ash content in algae liquid for western dust storm larger area, the obstruction of dust to filter pore while reducing filter operation.
5, use strainer tube to substitute filter cloth, greatly improved filtration capacity.Strainer tube arranges automatic back blow operation, realizes continuous, the steady running of filter operation, reduces operator's labour intensity.
6, microalgae harvesting method adopts three-stage filtration harvesting approach, first adopts gravity filtration that most of filtrate is removed, and does not need consumed energy; One-level vacuum filtration utilizes the huge filtration area of strainer tube, and processing power consumes lower greatly; Secondary vacuum filter filtration treatment load greatly reduces, and can better control water content and obtain the algae mud that concentration is higher.Three-stage filtration harvesting approach only need to select to have according to algae size the strainer tube in suitable aperture, has processing power large compared with other harvesting approaches, and low advantage is supported, consumed in investment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the present invention utilizes chemical plant by-product CO 2, NH 3and waste water is produced the schematic flow sheet of micro-algae.
Fig. 2 is the plane arrangement structure schematic diagram of microalgae producing equipment.
Fig. 3 filters saturated pool structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is racing track formula culturing pool interceptor structural representation.
In figure:
1, culturing pool 2, settling pit 3, filter saturated pond
4, filtrate tanks 5, filtrate pump 6, vacuum pump
7, concentrated algae liquid pump 8, vacuum filter 9, overflow canal
10, gate 11, filter screen 12, intercepting gutter
13, strainer tube 14, flow of filtrate meter 15, PLC Controlling System
16, V1 valve 17, V2 valve 18, V3 valve
19, V4 valve 20, V5 valve 21, V6 valve
22, lower breach interceptor 23, upper breach interceptor
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
As Figure 1-Figure 4, one is utilized chemical plant by-product CO 2, NH 3and waste water produces the cultivation apparatus of micro-algae, comprise culturing pool 1, settling pit 2, filter saturated pond 3, filtrate tanks 4, filtrate pump 5, vacuum pump 6, vacuum filter 8, concentrated algae liquid pump 7 and PLC Controlling System 15; Culturing pool 1, settling pit 2, filter saturated pond 3, filtrate tanks 4 and filtrate pump 5 and be connected successively.
The nutrient solution that contains micro-algae at culturing pool 1, settling pit 2, filter between saturated pond 3 and filtrate tanks 4 and circulate, realize the continuous operation that micro-algae produces.
The opening for feed of concentrated algae liquid pump 7 is visited to filtering 3 bottoms, saturated pond, and described vacuum filter 8 is connected with concentrated algae liquid pump 7;
The entrance pipe of described filtrate tanks 4 is provided with flow of filtrate meter 14, and flow of filtrate meter 14 is connected with PLC Controlling System 15;
Described filtrate tanks 4 is connected with vacuum pump 6, and filtrate tanks 4 is connected with culturing pool 1 by filtrate pump 5.
Described culturing pool 1 is racing track formula culturing pool.
In culturing pool 1, add micro-algae and the required nutrient solution of micro-algae.Described nutrient solution makes by the following method: at NH 3-N concentration is that 300-800mg/L, pH value are in the trade effluent of 8-10 and the byproduct ammoniacal liquor in chemical plant, passes into rich carbonated industrial gaseous waste and obtains NH 4hCO 3solution, with this NH 4hCO 3solution is main raw material, adds plant growth promoter and other required nutritive ingredients of selected micro algae growth, is mixed with nutrient solution required in micro algae growth process.The nutrient solution that contains micro-algae is at culturing pool 1, settling pit 2 and filter between saturated pond 3 and circulate, and realizes the continuous operation that micro-algae produces.
The saturated pond 3 of described filtration is provided with the water pipe of the byproduct ammoniacal liquor in trade effluent and chemical plant.In the saturated pond 3 of filtration, add trade effluent and by-product ammoniacal liquor, NH in water 3-N concentration is 300-800mg/l, and pH value is 8-10, as the moisturizing of micro-algae production process.Self-purifying device and come CO 2gas is delivered to micro-algae production battery limit (BL) through pipeline, is passed into and filters in saturated pond 3, CO by strainer tube 13 with the form of bubbling 2in the process rising, react with alkaline nutrient solution, absorbed by nutrient solution, pH value is reduced to 6-7.
Filtering saturated pond 3 width is 10 meters, and length is 40 meters, 2 meters of the degree of depth, and 1000 strainer tubes 13 of bottom parallel laid, strainer tube 13 is DN25 stainless steel tube, strainer tube 13 outer wall filter pore apertures are 0.01-0.5mm.
Strainer tube 13 is connected to two supervisors successively separately, and two groups are hocketed and filtered and logical CO 2gas-operated.Wherein a supervisor is branched off into two arms, and wherein an arm is provided with V1 valve 16, and this arm is connected with carbon dioxide pipeline and compressed air inlet pipe road respectively, and another arm is provided with V3 valve 18, is connected with flow of filtrate meter 14; Another supervisor is branched off into two arms equally, wherein an arm is provided with V2 valve 17, this arm is connected with carbon dioxide pipeline and compressed air inlet pipe road respectively, another arm is provided with V4 valve 19, be connected with flow of filtrate meter 14, described V1 valve 16, V2 valve 17, V3 valve 18 and V4 valve 19, flow of filtrate meter 14 are all electrically connected with described PLC Controlling System 15.
Strainer tube 13 filters algae liquid and logical CO 2alternate operation automatically controlled by PLC Controlling System 15.Unlatching by PLC programming Control V1 valve 16, V2 valve 17, V3 valve 18, V4 valve 19, close, the switching of process is adjusted automatically according to flow of filtrate meter 14 flows.In the time that one group of strainer tube 13 leads to CO2 gas-operated, another group is carried out filter operation.When filter operation, ripe micro-algae cannot be stayed and filter in saturated pond 3 through filter pore, has played the effect that increases micro-concentration of algae.Above two steps hocket, and the continous-stable of having realized algae liquid filters, and makes algae liquid pH value be reduced to appropriate value.
In filtration procedure, dust granule in algae liquid will constantly stop up filter pore, flow of filtrate reduces gradually, the flow recording when flow of filtrate meter 14 is reduced to set(ting)value, be inceptive filtering flow 80% time, two supervisors are carried out to blocked operation: close V4 valve 19, V1 valve 16, open V2 valve 17, V3 valve 18, use through the strainer tube 13 of blowback operation and filter, and the strainer tube 13 stopping up is to some extent carried out to blowback.Through after a period of time, the resistance of strainer tube 13 will increase to some extent, be mainly because CO 2gaseous tension is lower, cannot accomplish the complete blowback to filter pore, still has Partial Blocking, now switches the pressurized air that pressure is higher, can the remaining dust that stop up filter pore be blown down clean.Carbon dioxide pipeline and the switching of compressed air inlet pipe road are controlled with the V6 valve 21 that is arranged on compressed air inlet pipe road by the V5 valve 20 that is arranged on carbon dioxide pipeline by PLC programming.
Contain the micro-algae of prematurity and NH 4hCO 3filtrate rely on action of gravity enter filtrate tanks 4, in filtrate tanks 4, supplement the necessary nutriment of the micro algae growth consuming before this, as needed nutritive mediums of micro algae growth such as nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, be mixed with the required nutrient solution of micro algae growth, nutrient solution is delivered in culturing pool 1 after filtrate pump 5 pressurizations, and the micro-algae of prematurity carries out photosynthesis continued growth in culturing pool 1.
Each culturing pool 1 width is 2 meters, and length is 200 meters, and the degree of depth is 0.5 meter, and culturing pool 1 is arranged in parallel, and 120 form one group, and every group links together with overflow canal 9, in stream canal, is provided with gate 10.In culturing pool 1, turbulent baffle is set, every group of turbulent baffle is made up of a lower breach interceptor 22 and a upper breach interceptor 23, and distance between plates is 0.3 meter, every 6 meters, one group of turbulent baffle is set.Nutrient solution in mobile process, is subject to the constantly upper and lower disturbance of interceptor effect in culturing pool 1, makes micro-algae of culturing pool 1 bottom also can float on top layer and exposes to sunlight.
Along with constantly carrying out photosynthesis, micro-algae consumes CO 2, the NH in nutrient solution 4hCO 3constantly decompose and discharge CO 2, higher CO in maintain liquid 2concentration.NH 4hCO 3constantly be converted into (NH 4) 2cO 3, the pH value of nutrient solution raises gradually and is no longer applicable to algal grown, and the algae liquid pH value of leaving culturing pool 1 raises as 8-9, relies on flow by gravity to enter settling pit 2 along overflow canal 9, and overflow canal 9 width are 0.5 meter, and the degree of depth is 0.2 meter.Settling pit 2 width are 5 meters, and length is 6 meters, and the silt carrying in nutrient solution relies on gravity settling to fall settling pit 2 bottoms.Algae hydrorrhea in settling pit 2 flow to and filters in saturated pond 3, at overflow port, filter screen 11 is set, and filters the foreign material such as fallen leaves floating in algae liquid, weeds, plastics bag, and filter screen 11 is 40-60 order.Overflow port arranges 2-3, for subsequent use each other, after a filter screen 11 stops up, uses overflow port for subsequent use.
After flowing to the saturated pond 3 of filtration, algae hydrorrhea just forms the recycle system of a cultivating microalgae.Filter the micro-algae of prematurity in saturated pond 3 and return to culturing pool 1 with filtrate, ripe micro-algae, because being left on and being filtered in saturated pond 3 by filter pore, has therefore played the concentrate effect of algae liquid.After 24-48 hour, micro-concentration of algae reaches results requirement, carries out filter operation.Close the gate 10 in overflow canal 9, make algae liquid stop entering and filter in saturated pond 3, close V1 valve 16, V2 valve 17, open V3 valve 18, V4 valve 19, make all strainer tubes 13 carry out filter operation, filtrate is delivered to culturing pool 1 after filtrate pump 5 pressurizations.In saturated pond 3 to be filtered, liquid level declines when slow, opens vacuum pump 6 filtrate tanks 4 is vacuumized, and utilizes barometric point to continue filtration to the algae liquid filtering in saturated pond 3.The vacuum tightness that maintains filtrate tanks 4 is 50-60kPa, when flow of filtrate meter 14 flows are reduced to 5m 3when/h, close vacuum pump 6.Now, algae liquid concentration is higher, uses to concentrate after algae liquid pump 7 pressurizes to send outside as product.
Embodiment 2
Both culturing microalgae and algae liquid concentration process are identical with embodiment 1.If need to make algae granule product, open concentrated algae liquid pump 7 and vacuum filter 8, the concentrated algae liquid filtering in saturated pond 3 is delivered to vacuum filter 8 by concentrated algae liquid pump 7, filters and obtain algae mud through vacuum filter 8, and filtrate is from flowing into filtrate tanks 4.Algae mud shines through sun lights or drying machine can make algae grain after dry.At the bottom of filtering 3 ponds, saturated pond, there is the inclination of 5 °, and at the tilt intercepting gutter 12 of 5 ° of low spot design, the opening for feed of concentrated algae liquid pump 7 is located in intercepting gutter 12, is guaranteed that whole algae liquid delivers to vacuum filter 8 through concentrated algae liquid pump 7 and filter.
Above preferred embodiment of the present invention is had been described in detail, but described content is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, can not be considered to for limiting practical range of the present invention.All equalization variation and improvement etc. of doing according to the present patent application scope, within all should still belonging to patent covering scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a large-scale continuous micro-algae production method, is characterized in that:
(1) in culturing pool, add micro-algae and the required nutrient solution of micro-algae; Described nutrient solution makes by the following method: at NH 3-N concentration is that 300-800mg/L, pH value are in the trade effluent of 8-10 and the byproduct ammoniacal liquor in chemical plant, passes into rich carbonated industrial gaseous waste and obtains NH 4hCO 3solution, with this NH 4hCO 3solution is main raw material, adds plant growth promoter and other required nutritive ingredients of selected micro algae growth, is mixed with nutrient solution required in micro algae growth process;
(2) nutrient solution that contains micro-algae at culturing pool, filter between saturated pond and filtrate tanks and circulate, realize the continuous operation that micro-algae produces;
(3) in the saturated pond of filtration, add NH 3-N concentration is that 300-800mg/L, pH value are the trade effluent of 8-10 and the byproduct ammoniacal liquor in chemical plant, as the moisturizing of micro-algae production process;
The bottom in the saturated pond of described filtration is provided with some strainer tubes, and strainer tube outer wall filter pore aperture is 0.01-1mm;
Described strainer tube is at least divided into two groups, two groups of hocket filtration and logical CO 2gas-operated;
In the time that algae liquid enters into the saturated pond of filtration, pH value exceeds the growth pH scope of micro-algae, and rich carbonated industrial gaseous waste is passed into and is filtered in saturated pond by strainer tube, and the pH value of algae liquid is down to the pH value scope of micro-algae suitable growth;
In the time filtering, the micro-algae of prematurity of filtering in saturated pond follows algae liquid to flow into filtrate tanks, and ripe micro-algae cannot be stayed and be filtered in saturated pond by filter pore, and algae liquid is concentrated;
Strainer tube filters algae liquid and logical CO 2alternate operation automatically controlled by PLC Controlling System;
(4) in the algae liquid of filtrate tanks, supplement the necessary nutriment of the micro algae growth consuming before this, after then being pressurizeed by filtrate pump, deliver to culturing pool;
(5) in the time filtering micro-concentration of algae in saturated pond and reach results and require, stop algae liquid and enter and filter saturated pond, make strainer tube all carry out filter operation simultaneously; Initial filtrate relies on gravity to enter filtrate tanks, filter saturated pit level and decline when slow when observing, filtrate tanks is vacuumized, in the time that flow of filtrate meter flow set on the entrance pipe of filtrate tanks is down to set(ting)value, stop vacuumizing, the concentrated algae liquid now filtering in saturated pond is sent outside after concentrating the pressurization of algae liquid pump.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the width in the saturated pond of described filtration is 8-15 rice, and length is 30-50 rice, some strainer tubes of bottom parallel laid, and caliber is DN25～DN100.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the saturated pond of described filtration has the inclination of 5 ° at the bottom of pond, and designs the intercepting gutter of 5 ° of inclinations at low spot, and guaranteeing all to concentrate algae liquid can send outside through concentrating algae liquid pump.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described culturing pool is pond type culturing pool or racing track formula culturing pool.
5. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: at culturing pool with filter and be also provided with settling pit between saturated pond, the nutrient solution that contains micro-algae circulates between culturing pool, settling pit, the saturated pond of filtration and filtrate tanks, algae liquid in culturing pool first flows in settling pit, remove by settling pit after the silt carrying in algae liquid, algae liquid flows into and filters saturated pond.
6. according to the method described in claim 1-5 any one, it is characterized in that: in the time that concentrated algae liquid need to be made algae grain, concentrated algae liquid was delivered in vacuum filter through concentrated algae liquid pump, obtained algae mud through vacuum filtration, filtrate is flowed back to filtrate tanks, and algae mud prepares algae grain through super-dry.
7. according to the method described in claim 1-5 any one, it is characterized in that: described microalgae is green alga, blue-green algae, red algae or diatom.
8. a microalgae culturing device adopting, is characterized in that: the saturated pond of culturing pool, settling pit, filtration, filtrate tanks and the filtrate pump that comprise PLC Controlling System, connection successively;
The saturated pond of described filtration is provided with the water pipe of the byproduct ammoniacal liquor in trade effluent and chemical plant; The several strainer tubes of bottom parallel laid in the saturated pond of described filtration, caliber is DN25～DN100, strainer tube outer wall filter pore aperture is 0.01-1mm; Described strainer tube is divided into two groups, is connected to separately successively two supervisors, and described supervisor is branched off into two arms, and wherein an arm is provided with valve, and this arm is connected with carbon dioxide pipeline and compressed air inlet pipe road respectively; On another arm, be provided with equally valve, this arm is connected with filtrate tanks by flow of filtrate meter, and all valves and flow of filtrate meter are all electrically connected with described PLC Controlling System;
The saturated pond of described filtration is also provided with concentrated algae liquid pump, and the opening for feed of concentrated algae liquid pump is visited to filtering bottom, saturated pond;
Described filtrate tanks is also connected with vacuum pump, and filtrate tanks is connected with culturing pool by filtrate pump.
9. microalgae culturing device adopting according to claim 8, is characterized in that: described culturing pool is pond type culturing pool or racing track formula culturing pool.
10. microalgae culturing device adopting according to claim 8 or claim 9, is characterized in that: described settling pit width is 3-5 rice, and length is 4-6 rice, is provided with overflow port in settling pit, and overflow port is provided with filter screen.
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