CN102662355A - Safety monitoring and managing model of large-tonnage carrying and installing equipment - Google Patents
Safety monitoring and managing model of large-tonnage carrying and installing equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN102662355A CN102662355A CN2012100281665A CN201210028166A CN102662355A CN 102662355 A CN102662355 A CN 102662355A CN 2012100281665 A CN2012100281665 A CN 2012100281665A CN 201210028166 A CN201210028166 A CN 201210028166A CN 102662355 A CN102662355 A CN 102662355A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a safety monitoring and managing model of large-tonnage carrying and installing equipment, which is a three-layer monitoring and managing model based on a layered design, and comprises: a bottom layer of model equipment based on mechanical analysis and structural calculation, wherein the bottom layer mainly orients to the equipment structure itself, and the analysis of this layer is the foundation of whole process of establishing a safety monitoring and managing model; an intermediate layer based on the operation management of constructors, wherein this layer mainly orients to the equipment manipulation; and an application layer of model management based on senior management, wherein this layer mainly orients to the overall monitoring and management of equipment group, and is the top layer of the managing model. According to the invention, modern equipment management theory and construction management of carrying and installing equipment are combined, standardization of safety design and operation management of such type of equipment are promoted by establishing a safety monitoring and managing model of large-tonnage carrying and installing equipment with a purpose of improving the safe operation level of the equipment more deeply and completely, and an inevitable trend of the high informatization development of large-scale engineering mechanical equipment is conformed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of security monitoring management model, especially relate to a kind of large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model.
Background technology
The construction of railways machine operation process of particularly building bridge is a field that very easily accidents happened, through being summed up as following several respects to culprit to the repeatedly bridge formation machine accident statistical analysis that has taken place since in recent years.
1. construction management reason
If engineering construction unit does not construct in strict accordance with " railway bed job specifications " and " railway bridge erecting machine set a roof beam in place rule ", might increase accident odds.Some worker of construction enterprises sense of responsibility, technical merit, external civilian worker's quality have much room for improvement in addition; Also have part unit's system of grabbing to implement not enough; Give arbitrary and impracticable direction, disorderly operation is ignored the construction environment influence, not according to standardized construction production, often omit relevant safety practice or the like for working to tight deadlines.Some workmen for scheming soon, following the line of least resistance and operate against regulations, omits some necessary operations or safety practice in work progress, and knowing perfectly well has hidden danger also to embrace idea of leaving things to chance etc.
2. equipment self and maintaining reason
The bridge formation machine is operated in the large-scale and complicated device that field extreme environment, altitude maneuver, maintaining are difficult to standard, field management difficulty.Its body is long, from great, axle is great, center of gravity is still higher, and flow chart is many, wherein certain key position breakdown or certain critical process misoperation just possibly cause the major accident of the machine of building bridge.And structure itself do not have protective device, in case after finding that the bridge formation machine tilts, be at a complete loss as to what to do, can only watch that it topples.
State General Administration for Quality Supervision and national security supervision general bureau unites and has formulated " large scale hoisting machinery is installed the security monitoring management system implementation plan "; The policy of the principle of adhering to " people-oriented; security developments " and " safety first, put prevention first, the comprehensive regulation " is used and is seen for the Internet of Things information management technique, is the main body with production unit and applying unit; Improve large scale hoisting machinery essential safety performance; Promote the updating and upgrading of a product, accident prevention takes place, and ensures the practitioner and the public's life security.
1 to 2 coming of new and 1 to 2 large scale hoisting machinery in usefulness are respectively selected together with production and applying unit that relevant departments such as safety supervision department confirm warp by quality supervision department; The security monitoring management system is installed on unit; Through means such as supervision, control, management; Realize that handling safety control, dangerous critical warning, on-site real-time show and function such as data recording preservation, reach utilization video and the real-time demonstration of Audiotechnica and writing task state, the effect of playback afterwards simultaneously.On this basis; Can be as the case may be and need of work in unit with good conditionsi; Further realize remote transmission, remote monitoring, telemanagement, remote service; Data, video and audio query, data, video and functions such as audio statistics and analysis are progressively set up local monitor supervision platform and remote monitoring platform based on the hoisting machinery security monitoring management of technology of Internet of things.
The eighties in last century, China absorbs the content of producing maintenance synthetic engineering, logistics engineering and Japanese Productive Maintenance on the planned preventive repair system basis of the USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics), propose the thought that equipment is carried out integrated management.This system has more detailed argumentation in " Equipment Management Regulation " lining of China, but lacks detailed, exercisable standard.Enterprise is different, and different to the understanding of overall equipment management, management practice respectively has characteristics.Though the scientific management of domestic in recent years equipment in modern times is theoretical and main equipment manufacture level aspect has many achievements respectively, influential between the two successfully cooperation case is actually rare.Large-tonnage transportation rack device field at construction of railways is blank especially.
Summary of the invention
The present invention solves the existing in prior technology technical matters; A kind of standardization that large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model helps to promote this type of device security design and operational management of creating is provided, has been intended to more deeply improve all sidedly the safety operation level of equipment.The inexorable trend that meets large-scale engineering machinery device height Informatization Development.These project research and development are motivated, with strong points, are that domestic railway equipment safe construction is had the substantive a kind of large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model that helps.
Above-mentioned technical matters of the present invention mainly is able to solve through following technical proposals:
A kind of large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model is characterized in that, the electrical system of equipment is based on a kind of three layers of monitoring management model of hierarchical design in this large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model, and as shown in Figure 1, it comprises:
Simulator bottom based on mechanical analysis, Structure Calculation: the main equipment oriented structure of this one deck itself, this respect analysis are the whole security monitoring management model based of setting up;
Model middle layer based on constructor's operational administrative: the main equipment oriented of this one deck is controlled;
Model management application layer based on top management: the main equipment oriented crowd's of this one deck overall monitor management is the top of administrative model.
At above-mentioned a kind of large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model, the device that described simulator bottom makes up comprises:
Overtravel protection device: by stress determination means speed and distance;
Overload protection device: mechanism's stress protection;
Overspeed protective device: reel gravity stall monitoring;
Wire rope producing balanced forces control device: initiatively row's rope control;
The synchronized movement control device: position transducer is realized synchro control;
Device for monitoring motion gesture: latch state-detection;
The member locking device: the multimachine structure is linkage interlocked;
The stressed monitoring device of complete machine structure: wheels counterpressure monitoring;
Hydraulic system pressure monitoring device: hanging oil cylinder opening pressure monitoring;
Complete machine position and condition monitoring: feeding beam is near reaching the horizontality monitoring;
The complete machine mobile monitoring device: the range finding protection when striding operation is crossed in vertical shift;
At above-mentioned a kind of large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model, the device that described model middle layer makes up comprises:
Certainly the detection module of equipment: detect the PLC module of sensing element certainly, by monitoring management model the middle layer software resume module through equipment;
The maloperation processing module: hardware interlock and software interlock, by the middle layer software resume module;
The self diagnosis module of fault: the fault self-diagnosis expert system, by the middle layer software resume module;
The fault redundance technology: key hardware adopts backup;
Subsequent use mode of operation: subsequent use mode of operation is set, and promptly the K1 mode of operation under this pattern, can start the multiple mode of operation under the different faults through man-machine interface, as emergency processing;
Connected network communication mechanism: on-the-spot networking interface.
At above-mentioned a kind of large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model, the device of described management application layer building comprises:
High-performance industrial control computer: operation large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model management application layer software module, the management of job step, remote software management;
Giant-screen graphic terminal: the monitoring of man-machine graphical interfaces and personnel's configuration;
Rdal-time DBMS: real time data processing;
Mass Digital Storage System: the storage of historical data and inquiry;
Broad band remote communication interface: be used for the control of wide area network (the whole country) Intranet;
Web publishing functional module: wide area network data issue;
Note issue DTU: the fault alarm note is edited automatically, the automatic trunking transmitting module;
Print module: archives are reviewed and are printed;
Real-time video is kept watch on and memory storage: the real-time video of equipment operation is kept watch on and storage;
The remote speech passage: remote speech exchanges.
At above-mentioned a kind of large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model, described security monitoring management model is modern comfort management theory TPM and the computing machine mechanical analysis application in a certain concrete equipment simultaneously.
At above-mentioned a kind of large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model, described security monitoring management model can be used for the separate unit heavy construction equipment, also can be applicable to the device cluster of being made up of multiple devices.
Therefore, the present invention has following advantage: the modern comfort management theory is combined with the transportation rack device construction management.Create the standardization that large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model helps to promote this type of device security design and operational management, be intended to more deeply improve all sidedly the safety operation level of equipment.The inexorable trend that meets large-scale engineering machinery device height Informatization Development.The object of the invention is clear and definite, and is with strong points, and domestic railway equipment safe construction is had substantial help.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is three layers of monitoring management model structure principle schematic among the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 2 is structural principle synoptic diagram of simulator bottom among the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 3 is the structural principle synoptic diagram in model middle layer among the present invention.
Accompanying drawing 4 is structural principle synoptic diagram of model management application layer among the present invention.
Embodiment
Pass through embodiment below, and combine accompanying drawing, do further bright specifically technical scheme of the present invention.
Embodiment:
Patent of the present invention is on the basis of equipment control in modern times maintenance system TPM system, proposed a cover concrete, targetedly, attainable, device oriented security monitoring management model.Through this set of model can bonding apparatus self control system, can on the distinct device object, realize the concrete characteristic that TPM total efficiency, total system and crew participate in effectively.
In the present embodiment, the establishment step of security monitoring management model is:
1. the hierarchical design of model;
The original intention of model layering is in order to reduce complexity of modeling; Solve heterogeneity (heterogeneity) problem of communication; The upper strata solves various macro-management contents (difference of data is represented); Lower floor solves equipment independence safe operation mechanism, and challenge is oversimplified, the detailed problem of high-rise shielding low layer.The number of plies is difficult to realize standardization very little, and the number of plies can make system too complicated too much.This modelling is a three-decker.
2. based on the simulator bottom-layer design of mechanical analysis, Structure Calculation, as shown in Figure 2:
At first carry out mechanical analysis, on its mechanical structure results of analysis, use the security monitoring model that method of the present invention proposes single device according to different types of equipment.The equipment bottom requires enforceability, high reliability, independence.Independence is meant that the equipment bottom can break away from the upper two layers isolated operation.Otherwise it is then not all right.This also is equipment bottom and other essential distinction of 2 layers.Simulator bottom-layer design principle is to satisfy on the basis of customer requirements, reducing the hardware spending of equipment as far as possible, gives last layer some non real-time information (like database etc.) and goes to handle.But on the design of hardware and software of interface, to accomplish standardization.For the standardization of last layer is provided convenience.
3. based on the model middle layer design of constructor's operational administrative, as shown in Figure 3:
This one deck of model has concerned with hardware is few of basically.Its demand with bottom-line management of controlling that focuses on how satisfying site operation equipment is confirmed the ability such as emergency stop mechanism, fault handling, field maintemance of equipment.Middle layer design must guarantee under the situation that does not have last layer management application layer can with the associated working of equipment bottom, improve the safe performance indexes of equipment bottom, reduce requirement to working-yard equipment maintenance and management personnel specialty knowledge.
4. based on the model management application layer design of top management, as shown in Figure 4:
The model management application layer has reflected the application of modern comfort management philosophy in the large-tonnage transportation rack device comprehensively.The main equipment oriented crowd's of this one deck overall monitor management; Be the top of administrative model, comprise monitoring management, the management of job step, data base administration, Incident Management, telecommunication safety, flow control, interrupting channel, these aspects of remote maintenance that personnel dispose.All requirements of user can show at this one deck with covering all at one glance.The management application layer model is the design basis of long distance control system of couplet control and the cross-region of device cluster.
Carry out the detailed elaboration of technical scheme of the present invention by the practical case of a bridge formation machine below:
One, based on the simulator bottom (this aspect is to device hardware, interface normalization) of mechanical analysis, Structure Calculation: this respect analysis is the whole security monitoring management model based of setting up; It is the bottom of large-tonnage box beam transportation rack device safety control reason model, and the traditional device structure analysis is calculated usually just in order to make equipment satisfy structure and crane code requirement.Large-tonnage box beam transportation rack device security monitoring management Mechanical Model then is on this basis towards the security monitoring management requirement, proposes the associated dynamic monitoring content.
1), bridge formation machine mechanical structure characteristic: front leg strut verticality; The local stress of key position; Local stability; Overall displacements; The consistance of stress distribution trend.
2), set up observing and controlling object (model has different object factories to distinct device).
(1) jacklift security protection:
Overtravel protection: by stress determination means speed and distance.
Overload protection: mechanism's stress protection.
Overspeed protection: reel gravity stall monitoring.
The control of wire rope producing balanced forces.
(2) front leg strut security protection: comprise motion control, athletic posture monitoring, member locking, overtravel protection and synchro control.
(3) complete machine security protection: comprise that the stressed monitoring of complete machine structure, hydraulic system pressure monitoring, complete machine position control, multimachine structure are linkage interlocked, complete machine mobile monitoring and the monitoring of complete machine horizontality.
3), according to observing and controlling object configure hardware.
(1) the jacklift security protection system comprises:
Lifting altitude is spacing: the Weight type height is spacing spacing with supersonic sounding.
Overload protection: adopt the load appearance to detect and control.
The hoisting drum stall protection: the drum speed sensor tests the speed+computer control+hydraulic brake braking.Lifting velocity control.
Hoisting drum is provided with initiatively rope guide, and wire rope detects.
Vertically operation: early warning travel switch+terminal point travel switch+mechanical stop, about move synchronous detection, speed control.
Quantitatively traversing: position transducer is realized quantitatively traversing.
Traversing spacing: the oil cylinder terminal point is spacing+mechanical stop.
(2) front leg strut security protection system: comprise that pulling emergency stop switch, ultrasonic range finder sensor prevents post of case beam collision, verticality detecting sensor, left and right latch state-detection of post, advances, retreats limit switch and left and right sides synchronous detection, travelling speed control,
(3) complete machine security protection system: comprise vertical shift cross the balanced oil cylinder working-pressure monitoring of range finding protection, walking wheels of striding when operation, traveling speed control, the monitoring of suspension opening pressure, feeding beam near detection and warning, the monitoring of complete machine horizontality, wind-force monitoring, leakage protection module is housed general supply electric air switch and anxious the stopping of telepilot stops with cab is anxious.
Two, based on the model middle layer (with hardware independent) of constructor's operational administrative: this one deck is the middle layer of large-tonnage box beam transportation rack device security monitoring management model, and it mainly is that equipment oriented is used.
1), sets up the observing and controlling object
According to the layering principle of this model, the model middle layer of bridge formation machine comprises following several aspects content:
Certainly the detection of equipment; Maloperation is handled; The self diagnosis of fault; The fault redundance technology; Subsequent use mode of operation and connected network communication mechanism;
2), the processing module of the corresponding observing and controlling object in middle layer comprises: the main PLC module of equipment, detect sensing element, hardware interlock and software interlock, fault self-diagnosis expert system certainly, key hardware adopts backup, network communication interface, large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model the middle layer software module and subsequent use mode of operation (K1) is set; Under this pattern; Can start the multiple mode of operation under the different faults through man-machine interface, as emergency processing.
Three, based on the model management application layer of top management (with hardware independent, higher with the network associate degree): administration and supervision authorities are the top of large-tonnage box beam transportation rack device security monitoring management model, lay particular emphasis on management fully.
1), the feature content of management application layer, its function roughly has following several aspect: the monitoring of personnel's configuration, management, data base administration, Incident Management, telecommunication safety, flow control, interrupting channel and the remote maintenance of job step.
2), the realization of management application layer function comprises: high-performance industrial control computer, giant-screen graphic terminal, rdal-time DBMS, Mass Digital Storage System, large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model management application layer software module, broad band remote communication interface, Web publishing functional module, note issue DTU, print module, real-time video supervision and memory storage and remote speech passage.
Specific embodiment described herein only is that the present invention's spirit is illustrated.Person of ordinary skill in the field of the present invention can make various modifications or replenishes or adopt similar mode to substitute described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the defined scope of appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. a large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model is characterized in that, the electrical system of equipment is based on a kind of three layers of monitoring management model of hierarchical design in this large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model, comprising:
Simulator bottom based on mechanical analysis, Structure Calculation: the main equipment oriented structure of this one deck itself, this respect analysis are the whole security monitoring management model based of setting up;
Model middle layer based on constructor's operational administrative: the main equipment oriented of this one deck is controlled;
Model management application layer based on top management: the main equipment oriented crowd's of this one deck overall monitor management is the top of administrative model.
2. a kind of large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the device that described simulator bottom makes up comprises:
Overtravel protection device: by stress determination means speed and distance;
Overload protection device: mechanism's stress protection;
Overspeed protective device: reel gravity stall monitoring;
Wire rope producing balanced forces control device: initiatively row's rope control;
The synchronized movement control device: position transducer is realized synchro control;
Device for monitoring motion gesture: latch state-detection;
The member locking device: the multimachine structure is linkage interlocked;
The stressed monitoring device of complete machine structure: wheels counterpressure monitoring;
Hydraulic system pressure monitoring device: hanging oil cylinder opening pressure monitoring;
Complete machine position and condition monitoring: feeding beam is near reaching the horizontality monitoring;
The complete machine mobile monitoring device: the range finding protection when striding operation is crossed in vertical shift;
3. a kind of large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the device that described model middle layer makes up comprises:
Certainly the detection module of equipment: detect the PLC module of sensing element certainly, by monitoring management model the middle layer software resume module through equipment;
The maloperation processing module: hardware interlock and software interlock, by the middle layer software resume module;
The self diagnosis module of fault: the fault self-diagnosis expert system, by the middle layer software resume module;
The fault redundance technology: key hardware adopts backup;
Subsequent use mode of operation: subsequent use mode of operation is set, and promptly the K1 mode of operation under this pattern, can start the multiple mode of operation under the different faults through man-machine interface, as emergency processing;
Connected network communication mechanism: on-the-spot networking interface.
4. a kind of large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model according to claim 1 is characterized in that the device of described management application layer building comprises:
High-performance industrial control computer: operation large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model management application layer software module, the management of job step, remote software management;
Giant-screen graphic terminal: the monitoring of man-machine graphical interfaces and personnel's configuration;
Rdal-time DBMS: real time data processing;
Mass Digital Storage System: the storage of historical data and inquiry;
Broad band remote communication interface: be used for the control of wide area network (the whole country) Intranet;
Web publishing functional module: wide area network data issue;
Note issue DTU: the fault alarm note is edited automatically, the automatic trunking transmitting module;
Print module: archives are reviewed and are printed;
Real-time video is kept watch on and memory storage: the real-time video of equipment operation is kept watch on and storage;
The remote speech passage: remote speech exchanges.
5. a kind of large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described security monitoring management model is modern comfort management theory TPM and the computing machine mechanical analysis application in a certain concrete equipment simultaneously.
6. a kind of large-tonnage transportation rack device security monitoring management model according to claim 1 is characterized in that described security monitoring management model can be used for the separate unit heavy construction equipment, also can be applicable to the device cluster of being made up of multiple devices.
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| CN105467949A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2016-04-06 | 上海谷德软件工程有限公司 | Crane remote monitoring and intelligent maintenance system based on IOT and DSP |
| CN108303925A (en) * | 2018-02-23 | 2018-07-20 | 长安大学 | A kind of monitoring early warning and safety system of integration of transporting and building machine |
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| CN105467949A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2016-04-06 | 上海谷德软件工程有限公司 | Crane remote monitoring and intelligent maintenance system based on IOT and DSP |
| CN108303925A (en) * | 2018-02-23 | 2018-07-20 | 长安大学 | A kind of monitoring early warning and safety system of integration of transporting and building machine |
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| CN102662355B (en) | 2014-02-26 |
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Effective date of registration: 20150428 Address after: 430066, 45 East Main Street, Wuchang District, Hubei, Wuhan Patentee after: China Railway Science & Industry Group Co., Ltd. Patentee after: China's Railroad Engineering Machine Research Design Institute Co., Ltd. Address before: 430066, 45 East Main Street, Wuchang District, Hubei, Wuhan Patentee before: China Railway Science & Industry Group Co., Ltd. |
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