CN102660067B - Wood polymer composite prepared by using mixed plastic and cotton stalks in domestic garbage, and method for preparing wood polymer composite - Google Patents
Wood polymer composite prepared by using mixed plastic and cotton stalks in domestic garbage, and method for preparing wood polymer composite Download PDFInfo
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- CN102660067B CN102660067B CN 201210150222 CN201210150222A CN102660067B CN 102660067 B CN102660067 B CN 102660067B CN 201210150222 CN201210150222 CN 201210150222 CN 201210150222 A CN201210150222 A CN 201210150222A CN 102660067 B CN102660067 B CN 102660067B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wood polymer composite prepared by using mixed plastic and cotton stalks in domestic garbage, and a method for preparing the wood polymer composite. The method is suitable for recycling urban domestic garbage. The wood polymer composite consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 35 to 45 percent of polyethylene, 4 to 7 percent of polypropylene, 7 to 12 percent of polrvinyl chloride, 33 to 40 percent of cotton stalk fiber, 5 to 8 percent of compatilizer, 0.2 to 2.4 percent of coupling agent, 0.2 to 0.5 percent of light stabilizer, 0.2 to 0.5 percent of antioxidant, 2.1 to 4.2 percent of lubricant, 1.2 to 2.8 percent of colorant, 0.1 to 0.5 percent of antistatic agent and 0.2 to 0.4 percent of deodorization sterilization preservative, wherein polyethylene, polypropylene and polrvinyl chloride are directly from the urban domestic garbage; and the effect of performing recycling and innocent treatment on the urban domestic garbage can be achieved, white pollution caused by plastic can be reduced, and the construction of environment-friendly society can be facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the comprehensive utilization of resources technical field, what particularly relate to the preparation of the mixed plastic that utilizes in domestic waste and cotton stalk moulds wood and method.
Background technology
Along with national economy is fast-developing, the Municipal Domestic Garbage Output sharp increase, the refuse treatment problem is extremely urgent.Landfill method, composting process and burning method are mainly adopted in China's refuse treatment at present.Landfill yard very easily produces and is rich in CH
4Landfill gas, set off an explosion, also can produce a large amount of percolates, wherein contain heavy metal, poisonous and hazardous organic chemical pollutant and a large amount of virus causing disease bacterium.Composting process is because refuse classification is not meticulous, and plastics, iron, glass etc. remain in and causes fertilizer unclean in the composting raw material, cause soil pollution.When utilizing burning method to process domestic waste, owing to containing the plastics such as polyethylene (PE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene resin (PS) in domestic refuse, not only can produce thick smoke and stench during the plastic waste burning, also very easily produce toxic gas and the hypertoxicity carcinogenic substance “ dioxin such as hydrogenchloride with intense stimulus ".The “ dioxin " be difficult to on-line monitoring and storage effect is serious; be suspended in for a long time in air; along with the air intake human body and extremely difficulty be discharged from; will cause serious skin injury disease after " Dioxins " in body reaches certain content; have strong carcinogenic, teratogenesis, also have simultaneously genotoxicity, immunotoxicity and Endocrine toxicity.Therefore, the plastics in domestic waste are carried out effective recycling and become an important topic in garbage treatment.
Wood plastic composite (WPC) is take timber as main raw material, it is mixed by a certain percentage with various plastics and add special auxiliary agent through suitably processing, as processing aids such as coupling agent, photostabilizer, lubricant, antioxidant, tinting material, static inhibitor, chemical foaming agent and mildew preventive and sanitass, a kind of advanced composite material of making through techniques such as high temperature, extruding, moulding.The plastics that are used for wood plastic composite are generally thermoplastics, mainly contain polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polymethylmethacrylate and polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene etc.The timber principal mode that is used for Wood plastic composite has sawdust, wood chip, bamboo bits, rice husk, wheat straw, soybean hulls, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, bagasse, cotton stalk etc.
Wood plastic composite is a kind of high performance environmental protection matrix material, its excellent property, of many uses, be beneficial to environmental protection, hold out broad prospects.
In with the research of polyblend as the Wood plastic composite raw material, majority is as raw material with original plastics.And China has a large amount of waste or used plastics not to be used every year.Therefore this has just caused the deficiency to the waste or used plastics recycling, the rising of moulding wooden production cost.Simultaneously, because there is a large amount of cotton stalk fibers in China, also very important to the recycling of cotton stalk fiber.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of utilize mixed plastic in domestic waste and the preparation of cotton stalk mould wood and method thereof, thereby the waste or used plastics in China's domestic waste is carried out sufficient recycling.
Vinylchlorid, polyethylene and behavior of polypropylene composites have physical and mechanical properties and processing characteristics preferably, and main key problem in technology is to resolve vinylchlorid, polyethylene and polypropylene dispersiveness and the consistency in the middle of cotton stalk fiber.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of wood of moulding, this is moulded wood and is comprised of following mass percent component: polyethylene 35% ~ 45%, polypropylene 4% ~ 7%, polyvinyl chloride 7% ~ 12%, cotton stalk fiber 33% ~ 40%, compatilizer 5% ~ 8%, coupling agent 0.2% ~ 2.4%, photostabilizer 0.2% ~ 0.5%, antioxidant 0.2% ~ 0.5%, lubricant 2.1% ~ 4.2%, tinting material 1.2% ~ 2.8%, static inhibitor 0.1% ~ 0.5%, deodorizing sterilizing sanitas 0.2% ~ 0.4%.
Preferably, this mould wood formed by following mass percent component: polyethylene 37%, polypropylene 6%, polyvinyl chloride 7%, cotton stalk fiber 36%, compatilizer 6%, coupling agent 1.2%, photostabilizer 0.3%, antioxidant 0.4%, lubricant 3.3%, tinting material 2.1%, static inhibitor 0.4%, deodorizing sterilizing sanitas 0.3%.
Preferably, polyethylene, polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride form mixed plastic jointly, this mixed plastic be domestic waste through the broken bag of two-segment cylinder sieve and hang sorting and further the multi-functional winnowing machine selection by winnowing of double-wind chamber obtain.
Preferably, described two-segment cylinder sieve comprises fixed frame, is arranged on trommel screen and trommel screen drive unit on fixed frame; Trommel screen comprises interconnective trommel screen entrance and trommel screen outlet section; Material inlet is installed on the ingress of trommel screen entrance, and the below of trommel screen is provided with siftage collecting device; Be furnished with some sieve apertures on the circumferential direction of trommel screen entrance and trommel screen outlet section, trommel screen entrance circumferential inner wall is equipped with some broken bag cuttves, is provided with the clear knife system that matches with described broken bag cutter in the trommel screen entrance; The periphery of trommel screen entrance and trommel screen outlet section is provided with the hole cleaning device of cleaning sieve aperture; Trommel screen outlet section circumferential inner wall is equipped with some rectangular things and hangs device, and the rectangular thing collection device that three row's tuck chains form is installed in the trommel screen outlet section.
Preferably, between trommel screen and horizontal direction, angle is 3 ° ~ 8 °.
Preferably, the broken bag cutter be shaped as rectangular pyramid shape, the one lateral vertical is in broken bag cutter bottom surface.
Preferably, the broken bag cutter is welded on steel plate, and steel plate adopts the mode that embeds to be arranged on trommel screen entrance inwall circumference.
Preferably, clear knife system is fixed on disk, the direction of rotation of its turning direction and broken bag cutter.
Preferably, three row's tuck chains comprise the first tuck chain, the second tuck chain and the 3rd tuck chain; Be equipped with some tucks on the first tuck chain, the second tuck chain and the 3rd tuck chain; The spacing of the first tuck chain and the second tuck chain is 0.1D, and the spacing of the second tuck chain and the 3rd tuck chain is respectively 0.12D; The first tuck chain and the second tuck chain are positioned at trommel screen center one side, and the 3rd tuck chain is positioned at trommel screen center opposite side; The 3rd tuck chain departs from the 0.07D of centre of the drum; , tuck length is 0.25D, wherein D is the trommel screen diameter.
Preferably, the multi-functional winnowing machine of described double-wind chamber comprises housing, is provided with the first selection by winnowing chamber, the second selection by winnowing chamber and vibratory screening apparatus in housing; The opening for feed place of housing is provided with rotary feeder; Be provided with the first air compartment blast inlet that is communicated with blower unit on housing below rotary feeder; The first bottom, selection by winnowing chamber is provided with the first twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism near the first air compartment blast inlet place; The right side of the first twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism is provided with vibratory screening apparatus; The bottom of vibratory screening apparatus is provided with the second twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism; The right side of vibratory screening apparatus is the second selection by winnowing chamber; Be provided with the second air compartment blast inlet that is communicated with blower unit below the discharge port of vibratory screening apparatus, the second bottom, selection by winnowing chamber is provided with the 3rd twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism near the second air compartment blast inlet place, and the second bottom, selection by winnowing chamber is provided with the 4th twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism away from the second air compartment blast inlet place; The 4th twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism top of the second rear portion, selection by winnowing chamber is provided with the second pecten; The first selection by winnowing chamber is provided with the first pecten and the 5th twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism away from the rear portion of the first air compartment blast inlet; The first selection by winnowing chamber be connected the air outlet of selection by winnowing chamber and connect cyclonic separator by pipeline; Cyclonic separator connects blower unit by pipeline.
Preferably, the rotary feeder cylinder of breaing up that comprises the rotary feeding air-lock device and be positioned at rotary feeding air-lock device bottom.
Preferably, the first air compartment blast inlet and the second air compartment blast inlet are right-angled trapezium along air intake direction cross section, are rectangle perpendicular to the cross section of air intake direction; The height of right-angled trapezium is with isometric perpendicular to high parallel short sides; On-right angle limit and high angle are 10 °-20 °.
Preferably, under the first twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism, the second twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism, the 3rd twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism, the 4th twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism and the 5th twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism all section be provided with travelling belt.
Preferably, vibrosieve is two sections, and the leading portion vibratory screening apparatus is furnished with square or circular aperture, and back segment is oscillating plate, as the second selection by winnowing chamber feeding device.
Preferably, described the first pecten and the second pecten contain vertical hollow groove, and the multi-functional winnowing machine of described double-wind chamber for domestic waste also comprises respectively the first scraper plate, the second scraper plate with the first pecten, the second pecten engagement.
Preferably, the particle diameter of described cotton stalk fiber is 40 ~ 100 orders.
Preferably, compatilizer adopts chlorinatedpolyethylene, coupling agent adopts polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate, antioxidant adopts N-phenyl-β naphthylamines, photostabilizer adopts CHIMASSORB8, and lubricant adopts stearic amide, amine hydroxybenzene or Palmiticacid acid amides, and tinting material adopts ASA light/dumb light color coextrusion material, static inhibitor adopts ATMER 154, and the deodorizing sterilizing sanitas adopts IRGAGUARD B1000.
A kind of method of moulding wood for preparing comprises the following steps:
(1) will be crushed to 40 ~ 100 purpose cotton stalk fibers and process 3h at the drying baker inner drying of 150 ℃;
(2) with domestic waste through the broken bag of two-segment cylinder sieve and hang sorting and further the multi-functional winnowing machine selection by winnowing of double-wind chamber obtain polyethylene, polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride, proportionally get polyethylene, polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride and clean fragmentation, drying and dehydrating also carries out granulation, and obtaining granularity is 40 ~ 80 purpose mixed plastic particles;
(3) in temperature is the heating jacket high-speed mixer of 150 ℃, first add cotton stalk fiber, stirred 5 minutes, then mixed plastic particles and other auxiliary agents except compatilizer are added and stir, compatilizer added in discharging in front 5 minutes, and the rear discharging that stirs namely gets moulds wood.
Preferably, the wood of moulding after step (3) discharging is carried out granulation and obtains moulding wooden particle, then utilize extruser will mould wooden particle extrusion moulding, obtain moulding wooden sample; During extrusion moulding, the feeding section temperature is 140 ℃, and the extruding zone temperature is 210 ℃.
The present invention is a kind of utilize mixed plastic in domestic refuse and the preparation of cotton stalk mould wood and method thereof, its advantage is:
(1) mixed plastic in this formula is directly from domestic waste, pass through the broken bag of two-segment cylinder sieve and hang sorting and selection by winnowing, the mixed plastic of the polyethylene that obtains, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, it is roughly the same that in this mixed plastic, the mass ratio of each component and the present invention mould the mass ratio of polyethylene in wood, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, so adjust a little the quality composition that the quality of each plastics forms or do not need to adjust each plastics, just can directly clean fragmentation, drying and dehydrating, then granulation is to mould wooden the use.
(2) this formula has been realized the recycling of multiple plastics in the domestic waste, makes domestic waste reach the effect of resource utilization, harmless treatment, has reduced the white pollution that is caused by plastics.
(3) this formula can utilize a large amount of cotton stalks that exist of China as stopping composition, has realized that the resource utilization of cotton stalk is recycled.
(4) utilize the Wood plastic composite processing characteristics that this formula makes and physical and mechanical properties is up to standard, product surface is smooth, water-intake rate is less, cheap for manufacturing cost, of many uses.
(5) a kind of two-segment cylinder sieve for domestic waste of the present invention broken bag cutter that tradition is used separately and large rectangular thing hangs and organically combination of collection device, realize broken bag, hung and collected the function of rectangular thing, realized sorting and the recovery of Plastic rubbish; The broken bag cutter be shaped as rectangular pyramid shape, the one lateral vertical has improved the broken bag efficient of broken bag cutter in broken bag cutter bottom surface; Rectangular thing collection device is comprised of the first tuck chain, the second tuck chain and the 3rd tuck chain three row's tuck chains, on every tuck chain, tuck is installed all.Be parabolic shape when falling due to domestic refuse, by calculating, adopt three row's tuck chains, the spacing of the first tuck chain and the second tuck chain, the second tuck chain and the 3rd tuck chain is respectively 0.1D, 0.12D, the first tuck chain and the second tuck chain are positioned at trommel screen center one side, and the 3rd tuck chain is positioned at trommel screen center opposite side; The 3rd tuck chain departs from the 0.07D of centre of the drum, and tuck length is 0.25D, and wherein D is diameter of cylinder.Arrange by this, the collection effciency of rectangular thing collection device is the highest, and economic impacts is best.
(6) this pneumatic separation device is the two-stage selection by winnowing, is comprised of the first selection by winnowing chamber, the second selection by winnowing chamber.The two-stage selection by winnowing can improve sharpness of separation, guarantees sorting thing purity.First, second selection by winnowing chamber air output is controlled by blower unit is unified, and two-stage selection by winnowing chamber cooperatively interacts, and realizes efficient selection by winnowing.The present invention adopts right-angled trapezium cross section blast inlet.The high H of right-angled trapezium and horizontal short A are isometric.The angle of on-right angle limit and horizontal sides is 10 °-20 °.Experiment and numerical simulation show, when the blast inlet of first, second selection by winnowing chamber was the right-angled trapezium cross section, the flow field, exit was stable and there is no a whirlpool.The present invention adopts rotary feeder, comprises the rotary feeding air-lock device and breaks up cylinder.The rotary feeding airlock realizes that the first selection by winnowing chamber separates with the external world, avoids gas leak.Break up cylinder rubbish is broken up, avoid the waste component conglomeration.Control rotary feeder and break up drum rotation speed and can effectively control inlet amount by coordination, and being conducive to rubbish different components high efficiency separation after the rubbish dispersion.The present invention the first bottom, selection by winnowing chamber is vibratory screening apparatus, and vibrosieve is two sections, and leading portion is the sieve plate that is furnished with square or circular aperture, and back segment is the atresia oscillating plate, and it is as the second selection by winnowing chamber feeding device.The fritter inorganics sees through vibratory screening apparatus and sifts out, and all the other materials all enter the second selection by winnowing chamber with vibratory screening apparatus, and vibratory screening apparatus is broken up surplus materials, has improved the second selection by winnowing chamber selection by winnowing precision.Drawing mechanism of the present invention is the twin-stage air locking device, alternately opens or closes by the two-stage door and realizes that the discharging process do not leak out.Pecten of the present invention is placed in the first selection by winnowing chamber and the second rear portion, selection by winnowing chamber, and pecten hollow gap and blade structure cooperatively interact, and stop plastics and stationery, and by scraper plate, plastics and stationery are scraped to drawing mechanism.The present invention realizes gas circulation, and cyclonic separator connects wind pipe and gas blower, and grey great soil group is separated.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, two-segment cylinder sieve and the pneumatic separation device that relates in the present invention is described in further details.
Fig. 1 is two-segment cylinder sieve overall structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the axial sectional view of two-segment cylinder sieve entrance.
Fig. 3 is the axial sectional view of two-segment cylinder sieve outlet section.
Fig. 4 is two-segment cylinder sieve broken bag knife structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is the left view of Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is the multi-functional winnowing machine schematic diagram of a kind of double-wind chamber for domestic waste in the present invention.
Fig. 7 is that blast inlet is along air intake direction cross-sectional shape schematic diagram.
Fig. 8 is the sectional view along A-A line in Fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is the pecten schematic diagram.
In figure, 1, the trommel screen entrance; 101, sieve aperture; 102, broken bag cutter; 103, clear knife system; 104, threaded hole; 105, steel plate; 2, material inlet; 3, domestic refuse; 4, trommel screen drive unit; 5, trommel screen outlet section; 501, rectangular thing hangs device; 502,503,504, tuck chain; 6, hole cleaning device; 7, siftage collecting device; 8, fixed frame; 121, blower unit; 122, travelling belt; 123, the second twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism; 124, travelling belt; 125, the first twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism; 126, vibratory screening apparatus; 127, snorting valve; 128, under meter; 129, the first air compartment blast inlet; 1210, break up cylinder; 1211, rotary feeding air locking device; 1212, the first selection by winnowing chamber; 1213, tornado dust collector; 1214, pecten; 1215, pipeline; 1218, the second selection by winnowing chamber; 1221, the second air compartment blast inlet; 1216, the 5th twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism; 1219, the 4th twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism; 1222, the 3rd twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism; 1217,1220,1223, travelling belt.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1:
Table 1 embodiment 1 moulds the wood formula
What the present invention moulded that lubricant in wood adopts is the fatty acid acyl amine, comprises stearic amide, amine hydroxybenzene, Palmiticacid acid amides.
(1) will be crushed to 40 ~ 100 purpose cotton stalk fibers at the drying baker inner drying 3h of 160 ℃, and make cotton stalk reach fully the purpose that dehumidifies, removes low molecular weight volatile material in cotton stalk fiber.
(2) with domestic waste through the broken bag of two-segment cylinder sieve with hang sorting and mixed plastic that further the multi-functional winnowing machine selection by winnowing of double-wind chamber obtains polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, proportionally get polyethylene, polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride and clean fragmentation, drying and dehydrating also carries out granulation and obtains mixed plastic particles, and granule size is 40 ~ 80 orders.
(3) in temperature is the heating jacket high-speed mixer of 150 ℃, first add the cotton stalk fiber filler, stirred 5 minutes, then mixed plastic particles and other auxiliary agents except compatilizer are added, stir it is mixed.Compatilizer added in discharging in front 5 minutes.Coupling agent, compatilizer add the interface affinity that is conducive to improve between cotton stalk fiber and Plastic Resin, increase the consistency of cotton stalk fiber and Plastic Resin, played the modifying function to the cotton stalk fiber surface.Whole process mixing time is 20 ~ 30 minutes.Be in the semi-melting state after being heated in mixing machine due to plastics, above mixing and stick to other material compositions under the stirring of rotor.Finally formed the pellet that cotton stalk fiber evenly is wrapped in frosting, pellet has been carried out granulation process, thereby obtain moulding wooden particle.
(4) utilize extruser with the pellet extrusion moulding, obtain moulding wooden sample.During extrusion moulding, the feeding section Temperature Setting is 140 ℃, and the extruding zone Temperature Setting is 210 ℃.
Consult Fig. 1 to shown in Figure 5, the two-segment cylinder sieve that is used for domestic waste that the present invention is used comprises fixed frame 8, is arranged on trommel screen and trommel screen drive unit 4 on fixed frame 8; Trommel screen comprises interconnective trommel screen entrance 1 and trommel screen outlet section 5; Material inlet 2 is installed on the ingress of trommel screen entrance 1, and the below of trommel screen is provided with siftage collecting device 7; Be furnished with some sieve apertures 101 on the circumferential direction of trommel screen entrance 1 and trommel screen outlet section 5, trommel screen entrance 1 circumferential inner wall is equipped with some broken bag cuttves 102, is provided with the clear knife system 103 that matches with described broken bag cutter 102 in trommel screen entrance 1; The periphery of trommel screen entrance 1 and trommel screen outlet section 5 is provided with the hole cleaning device 6 of cleaning sieve aperture 101; Trommel screen outlet section 5 circumferential inner walls are equipped with some rectangular things and hang device 501, and the rectangular thing collection device that three row's tuck chains 502,503,504 form is installed in trommel screen outlet section 5.Between trommel screen and horizontal direction, angle β is 3 ° ~ 8 °.Broken bag cutter 102 is welded on steel plate 105, adopts the mode that embeds to be arranged on trommel screen entrance 1 inwall circumference, utilizes screw rod will be welded with steel plate 105 jack-up of broken bag cutter 102 through threaded hole 104 during dismounting, and from an end, steel plate 105 is extracted out and dismantled.
Domestic refuse is transported to the leading portion of the two-segment cylinder sieve that reaches certain rotating speed through material conveyor.Entering domestic refuse in trommel screen follows trommel screen and rotates together.When the domestic refuse rotation reach a certain height, domestic refuse was dished out with parabolical movement locus, fell back to and sieved at the end, repeated such process, made domestic refuse reach the state of continuous rolling in cylinder.In the process of constantly rolling, particle diameter will drop in the middle of the lower collection device of sieve through sieve aperture less than the material of sieve diameter, and particle diameter is discharged from screen drum lower end outlet along barrel greater than the material of sieve diameter, thereby realize the function of sieving.Domestic refuse is tossed drop to trommel screen at the bottom of the time, the broken bag cutter that the screen drum leading portion is installed advances bundle in the materials such as plastics bag, clothing, extruding by unclassified stores again, the effect such as tear, the materials such as plastics bag, clothing are scratched, thereby realize the function of broken bag, duds thing.Plastics bag after broken bag, clothing etc. enter into the back segment of two-segment cylinder sieve along with the rotation of trommel screen.On the back segment barrel circumferential direction of trommel screen, rectangular thing is installed and hangs device, at the center annex, rectangular thing is installed and collects collection device.Plastics bag after broken bag and clothing will be hung device by rectangular thing and provoke in the middle of the process of rotating with trommel screen, and the rear landing that reach a certain height drops on rectangular thing collection device, be transported to outside cylinder, thereby realize the collecting function of broken bag and rectangular thing.In order to prevent that sieve aperture from being stopped up by the higher domestic refuse of water content, at the outer wall of screen drum, the sieve aperture cleaning plant is installed.Hole cleaning device coordinates with sieve aperture, and when sieve aperture forwarded hole cleaning device to, hole cleaning device was cleared up sieve aperture, thus real clear hole function.
The workflow of two-segment cylinder sieve of the present invention is as follows: at first, domestic waste enters the two-part multipurpose barrel sieve entrance 1 that reaches certain rotating speed through material inlet 2.The domestic waste that enters trommel screen entrance 1 is followed trommel screen and is rotated together, when the domestic refuse rotation reach a certain height, domestic refuse was dished out with parabolical movement locus, fell back to and sieved at the end, repeat such process, make domestic refuse be in the state of continuous rolling in cylinder.In the process of constantly rolling, particle diameter passes sieve aperture 101 less than the domestic refuse of sieve diameter, drops in siftage collecting device 7, is collected and transports; Particle diameter is discharged from trommel screen outlet section 5 greater than the material of sieve aperture 101 diameters, thus the screening function of the material of real Different Diameter grain.Domestic refuse is tossed drop to trommel screen at the bottom of the time, the broken bag cutter 102 of installing on trommel screen entrance 1 inwall circumference advances bundle in the materials such as plastics bag, fabric, extruding by unclassified stores again, the effect such as tear, the materials such as plastics bag, clothing are scratched, thereby realize broken bag, the function of breaking fabric.Broken bag cutter 102 be shaped as rectangular pyramid shape, the one lateral vertical is in broken bag cutter bottom surface.Plastics bag after broken bag, fabric etc. are along with the rotation of trommel screen enters into trommel screen outlet section 5.On trommel screen outlet section 5 inwall circumferential directions, rectangular thing is installed and hangs device 501, the rectangular thing that is comprised of tuck chain 502,503,504 also is installed in trommel screen outlet section 5 inside collects collection device.The tuck chain comprises moving part and decides part; Some tucks are installed on moving part, decide part moving part is led, tuck carries rectangular thing and moves to vertically outside the trommel screen outlet section.Plastics bag after broken bag and fabric are in the process of rotating with trommel screen, to be hung device 501 by rectangular thing provokes, be slipped to after reaching a certain height on rectangular thing collection device, because rectangular thing collection device is to have the tuck that limits width, therefore only have softer rectangular class material to hang on rectangular thing collection device.The plastics that hang on rectangular thing collection device are transported to outside cylinder, thereby have realized the collection conveying function of rectangular thing.In order to prevent that broken bag cutter 102 is wound around by the Plastic material in the process of broken bag, be equipped with for the clear knife system 103 of clearing up the broken bag cutter at the trommel screen inwall.Clear knife system 103 is for being equipped with the disk of scraper.On clear knife system 103, two scrapers coordinate broken bag cutter 102 with one, and two scrapers lay respectively at the both sides of a broken bag cutter 102, the direction of rotation of scraper and broken bag cutter 102.When broken bag cutter 102 turned to the position of knife system 103 scrapers clearly, the Plastic garbage-cleaning that the scraper of broken bag cutter both sides just will be wrapped on the broken bag cutter got off, thereby realizes clear cutter function.In order to prevent that sieve aperture 101 from being stopped up by the higher domestic refuse of water content, outer wall at screen drum is equipped with sieve aperture cleaning plant 6, and hole cleaning device 6 coordinates with sieve aperture, when sieve aperture turns to hole cleaning device 6,6 pairs of sieve apertures of hole cleaning device are cleared up, thus real clear hole function; Hole cleaning device 6 can be selected hairbrush one class hole cleaning device.
See also Fig. 6 to shown in Figure 9, the pneumatic separator (the multi-functional winnowing machine of double-wind chamber that is used for domestic waste) that the present invention is used, domestic waste enters rotary feeding air locking device 1211, the rotating paddle of rotary feeding air locking device 1211 coordinates with the housing of winnowing machine is airtight, prevents that the gas in winnowing machine from running out of from rotary feeding air locking device 1211; Domestic waste evenly falls down under the rotation of the rotating paddle of rotary feeding air locking device 1211 through breaing up cylinder 1210 and breaks up; Enter the first selection by winnowing chamber 1212, blower unit 121 is by the first air compartment blast inlet 129 on 1212 tops, pipeline communication the first selection by winnowing chamber, the wind that rubbish is blown into by blower unit 121 in the first selection by winnowing chamber 1212 is loose carries out sorting for the first time, sub-elects plastics stationery and heavies; Heavies is mainly metal and bulk inorganics, its weight is larger, can be not far away by wind, directly fall into the first twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism 125(heavies drawing mechanism of the rubbish admission port below that is positioned at the first selection by winnowing chamber 1212), then through travelling belt 124 outputs; The fritter inorganics is blown off to the first twin-stage to be locked on the vibratory screening apparatus 126 on gas drawing mechanism 125 right sides, sifts out through vibratory screening apparatus 126 and falls into the second twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism 123(fritter inorganics drawing mechanism) in, then through travelling belt 122 outputs; All the other materials enter the second selection by winnowing chamber 1218, isolate changing food waste through removal of impurities.Tornado dust collector 1213 are connected the first selection by winnowing chamber 1212 and the second selection by winnowing chamber 1218 air outlets, and the wind after tornado dust collector 1213 are removed dust is sent into blower unit 121, realizes recycle.Heavies transport conveyer belt 124, fritter inorganics travelling belt 122, changing food waste travelling belt 1223, plastics stationery travelling belt 1220, plastics stationery travelling belt 1217 are placed in the winnowing machine bottom successively.The first air compartment blast inlet 129 and the second air compartment blast inlet 1221 are the right-angled trapezium cross section along air intake direction cross section, are rectangle perpendicular to the air intake direction; The high H(horizontal sides of right-angled trapezium) with isometric perpendicular to the parallel short sides A of high H; The angle of on-right angle limit and horizontal sides is 10 °-20 °, is preferably 15 °; Experiment and numerical simulation show, when the blast inlet of first, second selection by winnowing chamber was the right-angled trapezium cross section, the flow field, exit was stable and there is no a whirlpool.Can regulate the air-out speed of the first air compartment blast inlet 129 by snorting valve 127 and under meter 128.
Adopt this structure, its principle of work and embodiment: enter the first selection by winnowing chamber 1212 through initial gross separation and broken rubbish by rotary feeding air locking device 1211.Can effectively control inlet amount by controlling rotary feeding air locking device 1211 rotating speeds, adopt simultaneously this feeder effectively to avoid leaking out, keep pressure-fired in winnowing machine, keep the winnowing machine flow field stable.The rubbish of charging is broken up through breaing up cylinder 1210, avoids conglomeration, effectively improves the selection by winnowing precision.Through breaing up after cylinder 1210 breaks up, rubbish enters flow field, selection by winnowing chamber.Under the effect of wind-force, all kinds of materials produce different transversal displacements, heavier bulk class inorganics rubbish does not basically deflect and falls to the first twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism 125, after heavies output, can enter magnetic separation workshop magnetic separation and select the metal species material.Simultaneously, in the first selection by winnowing chamber 1212, density is less, mostly being the plastics of sheet and stationery is blown to selection by winnowing chamber afterbody, a part drops down onto output on travelling belt 17 after falling to the 5th twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism 1216, and a part is scraped by scraper plate 14 and falls to the 5th twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism 1216(plastics and stationery drawing mechanism) after drop down onto output on travelling belt 17.Most of intermediate material drops on the first twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism 125 right sides and is positioned on the first selection by winnowing chamber 1212 middle portion vibratory screening apparatuss 126, the inorganics that the density of the less changing food waste of the density of bulk and fritter is larger (as glass block, ceramic block) falls to the vibratory screening apparatus front end, vibratory screening apparatus sifts out the fritter inorganics and falls into the second twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism 123(fritter inorganics drawing mechanism) in, then through travelling belt 122 outputs.in actual moving process, the changing food waste purity of sifting out inorganics is not high, wherein be mixed with the plastics of part conglomeration, the rigid plastics that density ratio is larger, this class material is opened through vibratory screening apparatus rear end vibration plate vibrates evacuation, enter the second selection by winnowing chamber 1218, the second air compartment blast inlet 1221 is positioned at the discharge port below of vibratory screening apparatus 126, its wind speed is less than the first selection by winnowing chamber 1212, changing food waste drops down onto the 3rd twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism 1222(changing food waste near air port place) after drop down onto output on travelling belt 1223, the impurity that comprises plastics and stationery falls into the 4th twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism 1219(plastics and stationery drawing mechanism away from the air port) after drop down onto travelling belt 1220 output drawing mechanisms, and mix mutually with plastics stationery that the first selection by winnowing chamber 1212 selection by winnowing go out, enter next stage workshop separation.The first selection by winnowing chamber 1212 and the second selection by winnowing chamber 1218 connect tornado dust collector 1213 by pipeline 1215 air outlets, with density and particle diameter all very little dust class separate, send into corresponding brickmaking workshop or carry out landfill through transfer roller.Exhaust flow forms recirculating air through fly-ash separator whereabouts blower unit 121, and whole system is in full closeding state, and non-secondary pollution need not exhaust-gas treatment facilities.
Embodiment 2:
The preparation method of embodiment 2 is identical with embodiment 1, and just formula is different.
Table 2 embodiment 2 moulds the wood formula
Embodiment 3:
The preparation method of embodiment 3 is identical with embodiment 1, and just formula is different.
Table 3 embodiment 3 moulds the wood formula
Embodiment 4:
The preparation method of embodiment 4 is identical with embodiment 1, and just formula is different.
Table 4 embodiment 4 moulds the wood formula
Embodiment 5:
The preparation method of embodiment 5 is identical with embodiment 1, and just formula is different.
Table 5 embodiment 5 moulds the wood formula
Embodiment 1 sample is carried out mechanical properties test.Detected result is as shown in table 6.
Table 6 embodiment 1 sample mechanical properties test result
| Interventions Requested | Embodiment |
| Notched Izod impact strength (kJ/m 2) | 43 |
| Tensile strength (MPa) | 22 |
| Flexural strength (MPa) | 37 |
| Elongation at break (%) | 8 |
| Water-intake rate (%) | 0.9 |
| Hold screw power (N) | 3980 |
| Shore hardness (HRR) | 74 |
Claims (9)
1. mould wood for one kind, it is characterized in that, this is moulded wood and is comprised of following mass percent component: polyethylene 35%～45%, polypropylene 4%～7%, polyvinyl chloride 7%～12%, cotton stalk fiber 33%～40%, compatilizer 5%～8%, coupling agent 0.2%～2.4%, photostabilizer 0.2%～0.5%, antioxidant 0.2%～0.5%, lubricant 2.1%～4.2%, tinting material 1.2%～2.8%, static inhibitor 0.1%～0.5%, deodorizing sterilizing sanitas 0.2%～0.4%.
2. the wood of moulding according to claim 1 is characterized in that: this is moulded wood and is comprised of following mass percent component: polyethylene 37%, polypropylene 6%, polyvinyl chloride 7%, cotton stalk fiber 36%, compatilizer 6%, coupling agent 1.2%, photostabilizer 0.3%, antioxidant 0.4%, lubricant 3.3%, tinting material 2.1%, static inhibitor 0.4%, deodorizing sterilizing sanitas 0.3%.
3. the wood of moulding according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: polyethylene, polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride form mixed plastic jointly, this mixed plastic be domestic waste through the broken bag of two-segment cylinder sieve and hang sorting and further the multi-functional winnowing machine selection by winnowing of double-wind chamber obtain.
4. the wood of moulding according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described two-segment cylinder sieve comprises fixed frame, is arranged on trommel screen and trommel screen drive unit (4) on fixed frame; Trommel screen comprises interconnective trommel screen entrance (1) and trommel screen outlet section (5); Material inlet (2) is installed on the ingress of trommel screen entrance (1), and the below of trommel screen is provided with siftage collecting device (7); Be furnished with some sieve apertures (101) on the circumferential direction of trommel screen entrance (1) and trommel screen outlet section (5), trommel screen entrance (1) circumferential inner wall is equipped with some broken bag cuttves (102), is provided with the clear knife system (103) that matches with described broken bag cutter (102) in trommel screen entrance (1); The periphery of trommel screen entrance (1) and trommel screen outlet section (5) is provided with the hole cleaning device (6) of cleaning sieve aperture (101); Trommel screen outlet section (5) circumferential inner wall is equipped with some rectangular things and hangs device (501), and the rectangular thing collection device that three row's tuck chains (502,503,504) form is installed in trommel screen outlet section (5).
5. the according to claim 3 or 4 described wood of moulding, is characterized in that, the multi-functional winnowing machine of described double-wind chamber comprises housing, is provided with the first selection by winnowing chamber, the second selection by winnowing chamber and vibratory screening apparatus in housing; The opening for feed place of housing is provided with rotary feeder; Be provided with the first air compartment blast inlet that is communicated with blower unit on housing below rotary feeder; The first bottom, selection by winnowing chamber is provided with the first twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism near the first air compartment blast inlet place; The right side of the first twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism is provided with vibratory screening apparatus; The bottom of vibratory screening apparatus is provided with the second twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism; The right side of vibratory screening apparatus is the second selection by winnowing chamber; Be provided with the second air compartment blast inlet that is communicated with blower unit below the discharge port of vibratory screening apparatus, the second bottom, selection by winnowing chamber is provided with the 3rd twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism near the second air compartment blast inlet place, and the second bottom, selection by winnowing chamber is provided with the 4th twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism away from the second air compartment blast inlet place; The 4th twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism top of the second rear portion, selection by winnowing chamber is provided with the second pecten; The first selection by winnowing chamber is provided with the first pecten and the 5th twin-stage lock gas drawing mechanism away from the rear portion of the first air compartment blast inlet; The first selection by winnowing chamber be connected the air outlet of selection by winnowing chamber and connect cyclonic separator by pipeline; Cyclonic separator connects blower unit by pipeline.
6. the wood of moulding according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the particle diameter of described cotton stalk fiber is 40～100 orders.
7. the wood of moulding according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: compatilizer adopts chlorinatedpolyethylene, coupling agent adopts polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate, antioxidant adopts N-phenyl-β naphthylamines, photostabilizer adopts CHIMASSORB81, and lubricant adopts stearic amide, amine hydroxybenzene or Palmiticacid acid amides, and tinting material adopts ASA light/dumb light color coextrusion material, static inhibitor adopts ATMER154, and the deodorizing sterilizing sanitas adopts IRGAGUARD B1000.
8. one kind prepares method of moulding wood as described in any one in claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) will be crushed to 40～100 purpose cotton stalk fibers and process 3h at the drying baker inner drying of 150 ℃;
(2) with domestic waste through the broken bag of two-segment cylinder sieve and hang sorting and further the multi-functional winnowing machine selection by winnowing of double-wind chamber obtain polyethylene, polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride, proportionally get polyethylene, polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride and clean fragmentation, drying and dehydrating also carries out granulation, and obtaining granularity is 40～80 purpose mixed plastic particles;
(3) in temperature is the heating jacket high-speed mixer of 150 ℃, first add cotton stalk fiber, stirred 5 minutes, then mixed plastic particles and other auxiliary agents except compatilizer are added and stir, compatilizer added in discharging in front 5 minutes, and the rear discharging that stirs namely gets moulds wood.
9. method according to claim 8, is characterized in that, the wood of moulding after step (3) discharging is carried out granulation and obtains moulding wooden particle, then utilizes extruser will mould wooden particle extrusion moulding, obtains moulding wooden sample; During extrusion moulding, the feeding section temperature is 140 ℃, and the extruding zone temperature is 210 ℃.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201210150222 CN102660067B (en) | 2012-05-07 | 2012-05-07 | Wood polymer composite prepared by using mixed plastic and cotton stalks in domestic garbage, and method for preparing wood polymer composite |
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| CN 201210150222 CN102660067B (en) | 2012-05-07 | 2012-05-07 | Wood polymer composite prepared by using mixed plastic and cotton stalks in domestic garbage, and method for preparing wood polymer composite |
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| CN102671854B (en) * | 2012-05-07 | 2014-12-24 | 四川川润环保能源科技有限公司 | Two-section drum screen for municipal domestic waste |
| CN102964862B (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2015-03-11 | 宜兴市华龙塑木新材料有限公司 | Wood-plastic composite material with PP powder |
| CN109081981B (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2021-02-09 | 黄山美森新材料科技股份有限公司 | Durable mildew-proof plastic-wood composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110805907B (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2022-04-22 | 北京航化节能环保技术有限公司 | Process and device for treating solid waste salt cracking furnace containing water, organic matters and other soluble gases |
| CN111171476A (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2020-05-19 | 苏州绿萃筑新材料科技有限公司 | Composite heat insulation material for green building and preparation method thereof |
| CN114210434A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-03-22 | 中建城市建设发展有限公司 | Construction waste treatment device |
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| CN101381211A (en) * | 2008-10-16 | 2009-03-11 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | Method for preparing building mould using various solid wastes |
| CN102250477A (en) * | 2011-07-05 | 2011-11-23 | 衢州伊梦特实业有限公司 | Wood-plastic composite panel and preparation method thereof |
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