CN102657134B - Industrial circulating seawater aquiculture system - Google Patents
Industrial circulating seawater aquiculture system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102657134B CN102657134B CN201210176143.9A CN201210176143A CN102657134B CN 102657134 B CN102657134 B CN 102657134B CN 201210176143 A CN201210176143 A CN 201210176143A CN 102657134 B CN102657134 B CN 102657134B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a circulating seawater aquiculture system, in particular to an industrial circulating seawater aquiculture system which belongs to the technical field of seafood aquiculture. The industrial circulating seawater aquiculture system comprises culture ponds, a residual bait and excrement separation system, an air floatation system, a buried biological water treatment system, a ground source heat pump system, an elevated tank and an aeration system, wherein the residual bait and excrement separation system is sequentially connected with the culture ponds through pipelines, the air flotation system is used for further separating solid residual microparticles in water, the buried biological water treatment system is used for removing organic pollutants in the water, the ground source heat pump system is used for regulating temperature of the water, the elevated tank is used for sterilizing the water, and the aeration system is used for supplementing air into the water in the culture ponds. By the aid of the industrial circulating seawater aquiculture system, input cost of industrial circulating seawater aquiculture and energy consumption in aquiculture are reduced greatly, utilization rate of seawater resources is increased, emission of CO2, SO2 and the like is avoided, and energy conservation and environment protection are achieved. Aquacultural waste is recycled to achieve turning waste into wealth. The industrial circulating seawater aquiculture system has the advantages that process flow is simple, required water treatment devices are few and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of recirculating mariculture system, is a kind of seawater circulating water culture system of batch production specifically, belongs to field of marine product cultivation technology.
Background technology
In recent years, because fishery overfishing and environmental pollution increase the weight of, marine fishery resources fails day by day, and marine product can not be met the need of market far away, can only rely on development mariculture to alleviate the pressure of marine product demand.The problems such as the mariculture industry development of China is swift and violent, and breed variety is on the increase, and scale constantly expands, and intensive degree improves constantly, but exists energy resource consumption excessive, cultivation self-pollution, have hindered the sustainable development of mariculture industry.
Industrial aquaculture is one of comparatively general aquaculture model in coastal area, is also the topmost intensive culture pattern of mariculture.China's seawater industrial culturing scale has reached 7,000,000 m at present
2, according to 5 quantity of exchanged water calculating every day, every day, breeding wastewater discharge capacity approached 10,000,500 ten thousand steres, was equivalent to the storage capacity of a medium-sized reservoir, discharged in waste water and contained a large amount of residual bait and ight soil, caused marine environmental pollution.And be to extract underground sea water absolutely mostly, cause Groundwater Resources Depletion, cause inwelling, saline Land, surface vegetation is encroached on, and large quantities of shelter belts to protect sea coasts are withered.Although domestic some enterprise is for above problem at present, take to introduce industrial circulating water equipment and technology, set up the measures such as circulating water culture system, but because cost is higher, most domestic breeding enterprise is difficult to bear, still adopt at present open flowing water culture, breeding wastewater enters sea area to arrange greatly the mode of putting greatly.In addition; existing circulating water culture system need be heated winter; need refrigeration summer; and heating and cooling system is generally used boiler and electric power resource; energy consumption is high; when steam coal carbon burning, discharge the gases such as a large amount of carbonic acid gas, sulphur dioxide, carbon monoxide, formed new pollution source, also limited its scale application in seawater industrial culturing.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve the deficiency that above-mentioned prior art exists, the novel seawater industrial circulating water cultivating system of a kind of low input, low energy consumption, low emission is provided.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of seawater industrial circulating water cultivating system, residual bait ight soil piece-rate system that its special feature is to comprise culturing pool, be linked in sequence by pipeline with culturing pool, to the further air-flotation system separating of solid microparticle residue in water body, remove Organic Pollutants In Water buried biological water treatment system, water body is carried out to the earth-source hot-pump system of temperature adjustment, the high-order pond to water body disinfection and the blowing aeration system to water body make-up gas in culturing pool;
Described residual bait ight soil piece-rate system comprises the flushing pipeline 1 that stretches into culturing pool bottom, the residual bait ight soil collection channel 2 communicating with culturing pool sewage draining exit 4 and stretch into the central tube 3 of discharging aquaculture water in culturing pool, central tube 3 passes from culturing pool sewage draining exit, culturing pool sewage draining exit is provided with the dividing plate 5 with hole, hole diameter is about 0.5 ~ 1cm, when residual bait ight soil in culturing pool more, or while needing to keep the cultivation substrate of comparatively cleaning, open the by-pass valve control of flushing pipeline 1, according to law of connected vessels, be deposited on the residual bait ight soil of culturing pool bottom under the flow action of flushing pipeline outflow, flow out culturing pool through separator perforation, enter residual bait ight soil collection channel 2, the sewage draining exit of each culturing pool is all connected and is come together in residual bait ight soil collection channel by pipeline, residual bait ight soil collection channel is communicated with residual bait collecting dung pond, when after the basic emptying of residual bait ight soil in culturing pool, close the by-pass valve control of flushing pipeline, open the blowdown main valve that is arranged in residual bait collecting dung pond, in pipe, residual bait ight soil is under the drive of current, outside discharge system,
The speed of flushing pipeline current need regulate according to coverage of water in culturing pool and its water intake velocity, and outside pond, drainpipe will be lower than the osculum of culturing pool inner central tube;
Described air-flotation system is made up of 4-10 platform air floatation machine, and all air floatation machines are divided into two groups, can effectively remove the following small suspended particulate of 30 μ m and dissolved organic matter, and subsidiary oxygenation, degasifying effect;
Described buried biological water treatment system comprises establishing and is embedded in underground buried biological bag, activation cinder through specially treated is housed as microbial adhesion base in buried biological bag, introduce in cinder pond through air-flotation system aquaculture water after treatment, because cinder has larger specific surface area, possess good absorption and filter capacity, it is good microbial adhesion base, ammonia nitrogen in breeding water body and nitrous acid nitrogen are with taking activation cinder, the nitrifying bacteria on microbial adhesion base fully reacts, under the condition of the complete slaking of microbial adhesion base, the result of ammonia nitrogen and nitrous acid nitrogen can meet the standard of aquaculture water, activation cinder nitrifying bacteria is to the disposal ability of aquaculture water not second to medical stone, and the cost of activation cinder be only 20% left and right of medical stone, and 1% of too late macromolecular material cost, according to 100m
3the water body disposal ability of/h is calculated, and only this item can be saved cultivation input cost more than 30%, because biological water treatment system is built in underground, can utilize on the one hand the water mobile characteristic of taking advantage of a situation to recycle, save a part of electric power, it is less that water temperature is subject to the impact of air themperature on the other hand, be conducive to the constant of water temperature, the temperature of aquaculture water is had to certain regulating and controlling effect,
The output channel of described earth-source hot-pump system and buried biological water treatment system joins, comprise earth source heat pump, earth source heat pump is made up of compressor, condenser, evaporator and expansion valve four parts, utilize heat to be delivered to Cryo Fundamentals from high temperature and carry out work, the electric energy consumption of its regulation and control water temperature is lower, the heat of input 1KW, can obtain the heat of 4 ~ 5KW, can save 30 ~ 40% energy compared with traditional heating and refrigerating air-conditioning, compared with boiler (electricity, fuel) heating system, can save more than 2/3 electric energy, improving can in 10 ~ 30% fuel;
Described blowing aeration system is communicated with pvc pipe road, plastic flexible pipe and vapour stone by air pump and forms.Air is after air pump compression, be transported to culturing pool and buried biological water treatment system top through pvc pipe road, the plastic flexible pipe access culturing pool and the buried biological water treatment system bottom that are connected to vapour stone by one end, flexible pipe is provided with by-pass valve control, controls the size of air mass flow again.
Described buried biological bag is the concrete sump groove of building at below ground.
The disposal ability of described buried biological treatment system is according to 30 ~ 50% designs of aquaculture water volume in culturing pool.
The preparation method of described activation cinder: choose block cinder, first rinse well with running water, adopt again cracker to pulverize, the particle of screening particle diameter between 1-3cm, soak and within 3-6 minute, carry out desulfurization dealuminzation with 0.1MNaOH solution, and then rinse well with running water, use scallop cage mounted good, in the cinder pond that is stacked at buried biological bag of irregularity.
Seawater industrial circulating water cultivating system of the present invention, can significantly reduce the energy resource consumption in input cost and the breeding process of seawater industrial circulating water cultivating, improves the availability of seawater resources, owing to there is no boiler, does not need burning coal, without CO
2, SO
2discharge Deng gas, reduce the adverse effect that mariculture produces environment, energy-saving and environmental protecting; Livestock waste is recycled, and in reducing discharge, can turn waste into wealth; And there is the advantages such as simple, the required water treatment facilities of technological process are few.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1: be planar structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2: be culturing pool building structure floor map;
Fig. 3: be that the A of Fig. 2 is to cross-sectional view;
Fig. 4: be residual bait manure separator structural representation;
Fig. 5: be buried biological water treatment system and air supporting systematic building structural plan schematic diagram;
Fig. 6: be that the A of Fig. 5 is to cross-sectional view;
In figure: a, middle collecting ditch, b, air-flotation system, c, buried biological water treatment system, d, earth-source hot-pump system, e, high-order pond, f, culturing pool, 1, flushing pipeline, 2, residual bait ight soil collection channel, 3, central tube, 4, sewage draining exit, 5, dividing plate.
Embodiment
Referring to accompanying drawing, provide the specific embodiment of the present invention, be used for formation of the present invention to be further described.
Embodiment
The seawater industrial circulating water cultivating system of the present embodiment, the residual bait ight soil piece-rate system that comprise culturing pool, is linked in sequence with culturing pool by pipeline, to the further air-flotation system separating of solid microparticle residue in water body, remove Organic Pollutants In Water buried biological water treatment system, water body is carried out to the earth-source hot-pump system of temperature adjustment, the high-order pond to water body disinfection and the blowing aeration system to water body make-up gas in culturing pool;
Residual bait ight soil piece-rate system comprises the flushing pipeline 1 that stretches into culturing pool bottom, the residual bait ight soil collection channel 2 communicating with culturing pool sewage draining exit 4 and stretch into the central tube 3 of discharging aquaculture water in culturing pool, central tube 3 passes from culturing pool sewage draining exit, culturing pool sewage draining exit is provided with the dividing plate 5 with hole, hole diameter is about 0.8cm, when residual bait ight soil in culturing pool more, or while needing to keep the cultivation substrate of comparatively cleaning, open the by-pass valve control of flushing pipeline 1, according to law of connected vessels, be deposited on the residual bait ight soil of culturing pool bottom under the flow action of flushing pipeline outflow, flow out culturing pool through separator perforation, enter residual bait ight soil collection channel 2, the sewage draining exit of each culturing pool is all connected and is come together in residual bait ight soil collection channel by pipeline, residual bait ight soil collection channel is communicated with residual bait collecting dung pond, when after the basic emptying of residual bait ight soil in culturing pool, close the by-pass valve control of flushing pipeline, open the blowdown main valve that is arranged in residual bait collecting dung pond, in pipe, residual bait ight soil is under the drive of current, outside discharge system,
The speed of flushing pipeline current need regulate according to coverage of water in culturing pool and its water intake velocity, and outside pond, drainpipe will be lower than the osculum of culturing pool inner central tube;
Air-flotation system is made up of 6 QF-40 type air floatation machines, and 3 series connection are one group, establish altogether two groups, and every group of average water treatment capacity is 100m
3/ h, effectively removes the following small suspended particulate of 30um and dissolved organic matter, and subsidiary oxygenation, degasifying effect;
Buried biological water treatment system comprises establishing and is embedded in underground buried biological bag, buried biological bag is the steel reinforced concrete pool groove of building at below ground, activation cinder through specially treated is housed as microbial adhesion base in buried biological bag, introduce in cinder pond through air-flotation system aquaculture water after treatment, because cinder has larger specific surface area, possess good absorption and filter capacity, it is good microbial adhesion base, ammonia nitrogen in breeding water body and nitrous acid nitrogen fully react with the nitrifying bacteria on microbial adhesion base, under the condition of the complete slaking of microbial adhesion base, the result of ammonia nitrogen and nitrous acid nitrogen can meet the standard of aquaculture water, according to 100m
3the water body disposal ability of/h is calculated, and only this item can be saved cultivation input cost more than 30%, because biological water treatment system is built in underground, can utilize on the one hand the water mobile characteristic of taking advantage of a situation to recycle, save a part of electric power, it is less that water temperature is subject to the impact of air themperature on the other hand, be conducive to the constant of water temperature, the temperature of aquaculture water is had to certain regulating and controlling effect,
The disposal ability of buried biological treatment system is according to 30% design of aquaculture water volume in culturing pool.
The preparation method of activation cinder used: choose block cinder, first rinse well with running water, adopt again cracker to pulverize, the particle of screening particle diameter between 1-3cm, soak and within 3-6 minute, carry out desulfurization dealuminzation with 0.1MNaOH solution, and then rinse well with running water, use scallop cage mounted good, in the cinder pond that is stacked at buried biological bag of irregularity.
After cinder activation, water treatment capacity can reach 40 ~ 60 m
3/ t/h.
The output channel of earth-source hot-pump system and buried biological water treatment system joins, adopt Ou Senna SNHPUK earth source heat pump, earth source heat pump is made up of compressor, condenser, evaporator and expansion valve four parts, utilize heat to be delivered to Cryo Fundamentals from high temperature and carry out work, the electric energy consumption of its regulation and control water temperature is lower, the heat of input 1KW, can obtain the heat of 4 ~ 5KW, can save 30 ~ 40% energy compared with traditional heating and refrigerating air-conditioning, compared with boiler (electricity, fuel) heating system, can save more than 2/3 electric energy, improving can in 10 ~ 30% fuel;
Blowing aeration system is communicated with pvc pipe road, plastic flexible pipe and vapour stone by air pump and forms.Air is after air pump compression, be transported to culturing pool and buried biological water treatment system top through pvc pipe road, the plastic flexible pipe access culturing pool and the buried biological water treatment system bottom that are connected to vapour stone by one end, flexible pipe is provided with by-pass valve control, controls the size of air mass flow again.
The seawater industrial circulating water cultivating system course of work of the present invention:
First utilize residual bait ight soil piece-rate system (referring to accompanying drawing 4) to separate the residual bait ight soil in culturing pool f; In the time separating, need to regulate according to actual conditions speed and the efflux time of flushing pipeline current, generally, ensure that discharge is 0.1 ~ 0.2m
3/ h(or water flow velocity are 0.005 ~ 0.01m/s, efflux time is depending on the residual bait ight soil quantity situation in culturing pool, after treating that the interior residual bait ight soil of culturing pool clears substantially, close the by-pass valve control of flushing pipeline, open the blowdown main valve that is arranged in residual bait collecting dung pond, utilize remaining water in separator tube that residual bait ight soil is gone out outside system.
Pending aquaculture water after middle ditch a collects, first passes through air-flotation system b by central tube 3, by air floatation machine, solid microparticle residue in water body is further separated, and the impurity after separation is outside pipeline discharge system; Then aquaculture water enters buried biological water treatment system c, ammonia nitrogen in breeding water body and nitrous acid nitrogen are with taking activation cinder, the nitrifying bacteria on microbial adhesion base fully reacts, under the condition of the complete slaking of microbial adhesion base, the result of ammonia nitrogen and nitrous acid nitrogen can meet the standard of aquaculture water; Aquaculture water handle well after through earth source heat pump d temperature adjustment, input high-order pond e, in high-order pond through ultraviolet disinfection, input culturing pool in, complete recycling of aquaculture water, in whole cultivating system, the recycling rate of waterused of aquaculture water can reach more than 90%.The gas pipeline of blowing aeration system is directly accessed in culturing pool and buried biological water treatment system by air pump connection pvc pipe road, plastic flexible pipe.
Once set up a 2000m in ocean, Shandong Province and Huanghe delta scientific research Demonstration And Extension base, the fishery Room
2the demonstration workshop of left and right, workshop water surface for aquaculture 1296m
2, biological treatment system area 120m
2, water treatment capacity 100m
3/ h, temperature control scope is 14 ~ 18 DEG C, Isolated from Diseased Scophthalmus maximus initial density is 14kg/m
2, the later stage reaches 35 kg/m
2, cultivation survival rate reaches 87%, and average day quantity of exchanged water is lower than 5%, and power cost reaches 3.5 yuan/jin, and compared with the cultivation of " deep-well seawater+green house " pattern, aquaculture cost has reduced by 10%.
Utilize residual bait manure separator to carry out the circulating industrial aquaculture of seawater compared with regular circulation water cultivating system, build to drop into and save more than 10%, operating cost is saved more than 40%, and cultivation energy consumption is saved more than 30%, aquaculture water recycles rate more than 90%, and in water body, N, P clearance are more than 75%; Meanwhile, due to residual bait ight soil discharge system after separator separates, reduced the environmental pollution that direct discharge into sea causes.
Claims (1)
1. a seawater industrial circulating water cultivating system, the residual bait ight soil piece-rate system that it is characterized in that comprising culturing pool, is linked in sequence with culturing pool by pipeline, to the further air-flotation system separating of solid microparticle residue in water body, remove Organic Pollutants In Water buried biological water treatment system, water body is carried out to the earth-source hot-pump system of temperature adjustment, the head-tank to water body disinfection and the blowing aeration system to water body make-up gas in culturing pool;
Described residual bait ight soil piece-rate system comprises the central tube (3) that stretches into flushing pipeline (1), the residual bait ight soil collection channel (2) communicating with culturing pool sewage draining exit (4) of culturing pool bottom and stretch into discharge aquaculture water in culturing pool, central tube (3) passes from culturing pool sewage draining exit, culturing pool sewage draining exit is provided with the dividing plate (5) with hole, and hole diameter is 0.5 ~ 1cm;
Described air-flotation system is made up of 4-10 platform air floatation machine, and all air floatation machines are divided into two groups;
Described buried biological water treatment system comprises establishing and is embedded in underground buried biological bag, in buried biological bag, treated activation cinder is housed as microbial adhesion base;
Described buried biological bag is the concrete sump groove of building at below ground;
The disposal ability of described buried biological treatment system is according to 30 ~ 50% designs of aquaculture water volume in culturing pool;
The preparation method of described activation cinder: choose block cinder, first rinse well with running water, adopt again cracker to pulverize, the particle of screening particle diameter between 1-3cm, soak and within 3-6 minute, carry out desulfurization dealuminzation with 0.1MNaOH solution, and then rinse well with running water, use scallop cage mounted good, in the cinder pond that is stacked at buried biological bag of irregularity;
The output channel of described earth-source hot-pump system and buried biological water treatment system joins, and comprises earth source heat pump, and earth source heat pump is made up of compressor, condenser, evaporator and expansion valve four parts;
Described blowing aeration system is communicated with pvc pipe road, plastic flexible pipe and vapour stone by air pump and forms, air is after air pump compression, be transported to culturing pool and buried biological water treatment system top through pvc pipe road, the plastic flexible pipe access culturing pool and the buried water treatment system bottom that are connected to vapour stone by one end, flexible pipe is provided with by-pass valve control again.
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| CN201210176143.9A CN102657134B (en) | 2012-05-31 | 2012-05-31 | Industrial circulating seawater aquiculture system |
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| CN201210176143.9A CN102657134B (en) | 2012-05-31 | 2012-05-31 | Industrial circulating seawater aquiculture system |
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| CN102657134A CN102657134A (en) | 2012-09-12 |
| CN102657134B true CN102657134B (en) | 2014-10-22 |
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| CN103283666A (en) * | 2013-05-17 | 2013-09-11 | 芜湖旺龙渔业有限责任公司 | High-density crab culture pond |
| CN103636549B (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2016-01-20 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | A kind of can the culturing pool of oxygenation temperature control |
| CN105010215B (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2018-06-22 | 内蒙古民族大学 | Circulating water culture system design device and method based on flow control |
| CN105325331A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2016-02-17 | 天津丰沛水产养殖有限公司 | Cold water fish closed cycle culturing temperature regulating device and method |
| CN106035190B (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2018-08-24 | 青岛启航网箱工程技术有限公司 | A kind of binary channels method for treating water of seawater industrial circulating water system |
| CN106719275A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-05-31 | 浙江大学 | A kind of efficient manure separator of pond circulation water system |
| CN108029598A (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2018-05-15 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | Taimen industrial circulating water cultivating method |
| CN108552100A (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2018-09-21 | 中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所 | Taimen industrial circulating water cultivating system |
| CN110226543A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-09-13 | 都兴水 | A kind of scallop knocks cage assembly |
| CN111204928A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-05-29 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Circulating water culture system for single-pond culture of penaeus vannamei boone and operation method |
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