CN102650283B - 用于齿轮泵的联接轴 - Google Patents

用于齿轮泵的联接轴 Download PDF

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CN102650283B
CN102650283B CN201210043575.2A CN201210043575A CN102650283B CN 102650283 B CN102650283 B CN 102650283B CN 201210043575 A CN201210043575 A CN 201210043575A CN 102650283 B CN102650283 B CN 102650283B
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radial shoulder
shaft
radial
joining shaft
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CN102650283A (zh
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S.S.沙
T.P.沃尔格伦
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Hamilton Sundstrand Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C15/00—Component parts, details or accessories of machines, pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C2/00 - F04C14/00
    • F04C15/0088—Lubrication
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/22—Fuel supply systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/04—Feeding by means of driven pumps
    • F02M37/041—Arrangements for driving gear-type pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C15/00—Component parts, details or accessories of machines, pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C2/00 - F04C14/00
    • F04C15/0057—Driving elements, brakes, couplings, transmission specially adapted for machines or pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C15/00—Component parts, details or accessories of machines, pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C2/00 - F04C14/00
    • F04C15/0057—Driving elements, brakes, couplings, transmission specially adapted for machines or pumps
    • F04C15/0061—Means for transmitting movement from the prime mover to driven parts of the pump, e.g. clutches, couplings, transmissions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2/00—Rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F04C2/08—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2/00—Rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F04C2/08—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
    • F04C2/12—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type
    • F04C2/14—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2/00—Rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F04C2/08—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
    • F04C2/12—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type
    • F04C2/14—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons
    • F04C2/18—Rotary-piston machines or pumps of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons with similar tooth forms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C3/00—Shafts; Axles; Cranks; Eccentrics
    • F16C3/02—Shafts; Axles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D1/00—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D1/00—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements
    • F16D1/06—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2230/00—Manufacture
    • F04C2230/60—Assembly methods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2240/00—Components
    • F04C2240/60—Shafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2240/00—Components
    • F04C2240/60—Shafts
    • F04C2240/603—Shafts with internal channels for fluid distribution, e.g. hollow shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
    • F05D2220/32—Application in turbines in gas turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2360/00—Engines or pumps
    • F16C2360/42—Pumps with cylinders or pistons
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
    • Y10T29/49236—Fluid pump or compressor making
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/70—Interfitted members
    • Y10T403/7026—Longitudinally splined or fluted rod
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/70—Interfitted members
    • Y10T403/7026—Longitudinally splined or fluted rod
    • Y10T403/7035—Specific angle or shape of rib, key, groove, or shoulder

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Rotary Pumps (AREA)
  • General Details Of Gearings (AREA)
  • Details And Applications Of Rotary Liquid Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及用于齿轮泵的联接轴。具体地，一种联接轴组件包括联接轴，其具有第一径向肩部和第二径向肩部，所述第一径向肩部和所述第二径向肩部各自包括至少一个缝槽以提供润滑剂流动路径。

Description

用于齿轮泵的联接轴
技术领域
本公开涉及泵，更具体地涉及用于气体涡轮发动机的燃料齿轮泵。
背景技术
燃料齿轮泵通常用于为飞机上的气体涡轮发动机或其它系统提供燃料流和压力。齿轮泵必须在宽的系统操作范围上运行并且为各种功能提供关键的流和压力。通常，这些泵通过轴从附件齿轮箱接收旋转功率。
在双齿轮级泵中，旋转功率通过输入轴和联接轴从一个齿轮级传递到另一个齿轮级。每个轴通常具有花键以将输入轴旋转传递到各自齿轮级中。为了在泵的整个使用寿命期间最小化磨损并满足所有性能要求，必须在操作期间对花键进行润滑。
发明内容
根据本公开的一个示例性方面的轴组件包括轴，其具有第一径向肩部和第二径向肩部，所述第一径向肩部和所述第二径向肩部各自包括至少一个缝槽。
根据本公开的一个示例性方面的齿轮泵包括输入轴，所述输入轴从壳体沿输入轴轴线至少部分地延伸，所述输入轴限定第一径向肩部和第二径向肩部。联接轴沿着平行于所述输入轴轴线的联接轴轴线定位，所述联接轴限定第一径向肩部和第二径向肩部，所述第一径向肩部和所述第二径向肩部各自包括至少一个缝槽。
根据本公开的一个示例性方面的对壳体内的轴进行润滑的方法包括从第一齿轮级沿第一带花键端部并通过所述轴的第一径向肩部内的缝槽传输润滑剂。
根据本公开的一个示例性方面的安装壳体内的轴的方法包括将轴安装到第一齿轮级中，润滑剂能够从所述第一齿轮级沿第一带花键端部并通过所述轴的第一径向肩部内的缝槽传输。
附图说明
本领域技术人员将从所公开的非限制性实施例的以下详细描述中明白各种特征。详细描述的附图可简要介绍如下：
图1是齿轮泵的方框图，其由附件齿轮箱驱动以将诸如燃料的流体传输到气体涡轮；
图2是齿轮泵的端视图；
图3是齿轮泵沿图2中的线3-3剖切的剖面图；
图4是齿轮泵沿图2中的线4-4剖切的剖面图；
图5是壳体被移除情况下的齿轮泵的透视图；
图6是壳体被移除情况下的齿轮泵的另一透视图；
图7是壳体被移除情况下的齿轮泵的另一透视图；
图8是从与图5相同的透视方向的齿轮泵的透视图；
图9是从与图7相同的透视方向的齿轮泵的透视图；
图10是从与图6相同的透视方向的齿轮泵的透视图；
图11是齿轮泵的输入轴组件的扩大剖面图；
图12是输入轴组件的保持板的端视图；
图13是处于操作位置的齿轮泵的输入轴组件的扩大剖面图；
图14是齿轮泵的剖面图，示出了联接轴组件润滑剂流动路径；
图15是联接轴的侧视图；并且
图16是联接轴的端视图。
具体实施方式
图1示意性示出了齿轮泵20，其由附件齿轮箱22驱动以将诸如燃料的流体传输到气体涡轮24。应当理解，本申请不限于与特定系统联合使用。因此，虽然为了说明方便而将本申请示出和描述为在飞机燃料泵中实施，但应当理解的是，其也可在许多其它系统中实施。另外，虽然所公开的是双级齿轮泵，但其它具有轴的机器也将由此受益。
参照图2，齿轮泵20通常包括壳体30，其包括输入轴组件32和联接轴组件34以驱动主级36和原动级（motivestage）38（图3和图4）。旋转功率被从气体涡轮24传递到附件齿轮箱22，然后通过输入轴组件32传递到齿轮泵20。在所公开的非限制性实施例中，输入轴组件32与附件齿轮箱22联系并且从其接收润滑剂，而联接轴组件34用燃料来润滑。
参照图3，输入轴组件32被限定成沿输入轴线A，并且联接轴组件34被限定成沿平行于输入轴线A的联接轴线B。主级36通常包括主驱动齿轮40、主从动齿轮42、主驱动轴承44和主从动轴承46。原动级38通常包括原动驱动齿轮50、原动从动齿轮52、原动驱动轴承54和原动从动轴承56（图4）。
主驱动齿轮40与主从动齿轮42处于啮合接合，并且原动驱动齿轮50与原动从动齿轮52处于啮合接合（图5-7）。输入轴组件32通过主级36驱动联接轴组件34以驱动原动级38。增压级58也被输入轴组件32驱动以限定具有叶轮和集成的进口段（inducer）的离心泵。
级36、38、58通常独立地工作。每个级36、38、58包括分离的入口和排口（图8-10）。当啮合的齿轮40、42和50、52旋转时，流体的各自体积被从主级入口MI传输到主级排口MD并从原动级入口mI传输到原动级排口mD，使得主级36传输主燃料流而原动级38供应原动燃料流。主级入口MI和主级排口MD以及原动级入口mI和原动级排口mD被分别通过各自的齿轮级36、38沿着大致直线路径引导。
在所公开的非限制性实施例中，飞机燃料系统向增压级入口BI提供流和压力。增压级排放物的一部分被导引在原动级入口mI的内侧。增压级排放物的其余部分被从齿轮泵20排放到飞机燃料系统，然后返回到主级入口MI。原动级排口mD与飞机燃料系统连通。主级排口MD也与飞机燃料系统连通以提供至少两个主要功能：致动和发动机燃烧流。也可能有替代的或另外的相对小的流方向和功能，但是本文不需要进一步公开其详细描述。
参照图11，输入轴组件32包括输入轴60、弹簧62和保持板64。输入轴60是空心轴，其具有带花键的端部66A、66B以及其间的径向肩部68A、68B。带花键端部66A插入附件齿轮箱22的齿轮G。带花键端部66B与主驱动齿轮40联系。
径向肩部68A、68B通常与壳体30对准以在其间接收保持板64。保持板64通过诸如螺栓（也在图2中示出）的紧固件70附接到壳体30，以将中断开口65定位在径向肩部68A、68B之间。在一个所公开的非限制性实施例中，中断开口65是具有小于180度中断的弓形表面（图12）。由此，输入轴60的轴向位置被径向肩部68A、68B和保持板64的相互作用轴向地约束。
参照图13，在齿轮泵操作期间，弹簧62偏置输入轴组件32以定位输入轴组件32。也就是说，弹簧62允许输入轴组件32响应于冲击负载在壳体30内移动，直到输入轴组件32降至最低到保持板64上，但是在操作期间，弹簧62定位输入轴组件32，使得径向肩部68A、68B与保持板64隔开。这确保了在操作期间没有旋转部件到静止部件的接触。
参照图14，联接轴组件34包括联接轴80，联接轴80具有带花键端部82A、82B以及其间的径向肩部84A、84B。带花键端部82A插入主从动齿轮42并且带花键端部82B插入原动驱动齿轮50，其每一个包括对应的内径带花键界面。径向肩部84A、84B将联接轴80定位在主级36和原动级38之间，这确保了两个带花键端部82A、82B均保持与各自齿轮42、50完全花键接合。
带花键端部82A、82B需要在操作期间被适当地润滑以在整个使用寿命期间最小化磨损并满足所有性能要求。另外，提供了润滑路径以确保润滑剂不被俘获并且增加压力。使用流体的情况下，适当的润滑包括在花键界面82A、82B处连续地供应、排放并且重新补充流体。
在所公开的非限制性实施例中，源自主级36（在附图标记M处示意性示出）和源自原动级38（在附图标记m处示意性示出）的燃料润滑被沿带花键端部82A、82B传输，然后从径向肩部84A、84B之间被排放。也就是说，来自主从动齿轮42和主从动轴承46之间限定的轴颈直径的燃料泄漏以及来自原动驱动齿轮50和原动驱动轴承54的燃料泄漏被传输到联接轴80的端部，以便用作润滑剂。
为了促进齿轮级36、38燃料泄漏被用作润滑，联接轴内径至少在径向肩部84A、84B之间是实心的，并且成组的缝槽86（图15和16）被限定在径向肩部84A、84B中。由于联接轴内径是实心的，燃料润滑剂被传输越过带花键端部82A、82B。缝槽86允许燃料润滑剂离开联接轴孔88并且被收集在壳体30内，然后被引导回到系统中。
参照图15，径向肩部84A、84B之间的间隔限定了沿旋转轴线B的轴向距离SA，每个缝槽86限定了自旋转轴线B的最低径向尺寸SR（图16）。应当理解，最低径向尺寸SR独立于径向肩部84A、84B外径，每个径向肩部84A、84B可具有相等的外径或者每个可具有不同的外径，如图所示。
在一个公开的非限制性尺寸的实施例中，轴向尺寸SA为0.478-0.678英寸（12.1-17.2mm），名义尺寸为0.578英寸（14.7mm）。在该公开的非限制性尺寸的实施例中，径向尺寸SR为0.170-0.370英寸（4.3-9.4mm），名义尺寸为0.27英寸（6.9mm）。在该公开的非限制性尺寸的实施例中，SR/SA的比率被限定在0.25-0.77之间。所公开的比率允许缝槽86连续地排放并重新补充润滑剂以确保适当的花键润滑并提供连续路径，从而润滑剂不会在齿轮泵20中被俘获和累积压力。
应当理解的是，在遍及几副附图中，相同的附图标记指示对应的或相似的元件。还应当理解的是，虽然在所示实施例中公开了具体的部件布置，但其它布置也将由此受益。
虽然示出、描述和请求保护了具体的步骤序列，但应当理解的是，除非另有所指，可以以任何顺序、分开地或组合地实施这些步骤，并且仍将从本公开受益。
前面的描述是示例性的，而非被其内的限制所限定。本文公开了各种非限制性实施例，然而本领域普通技术人员可认识到根据上述教导的各种修改和变形将会落入所附权利要求的范围内。因此应当理解但是，在所附权利要求的范围内，本公开可以不同于所具体描述地实施。为此，应当研究所附权利要求以确定真实范围和内容。

Claims (18)

1.一种轴组件，包括：
轴，其具有第一径向肩部和第二径向肩部，所述第一径向肩部和所述第二径向肩部各自包括至少一个缝槽，其中，所述至少一个缝槽包括所述第一径向肩部和所述第二径向肩部中的四个缝槽，所述第一径向肩部中的所述四个缝槽的每一个绕所述第一径向肩部的周围均等地移置并且轴向对准于所述第二径向肩部中的所述四个缝槽。
2.如权利要求1所述的轴组件，其中，所述第一径向肩部和所述第二径向肩部均位于第一带花键端部和第二带花键端部之间。
3.如权利要求1所述的轴组件，其中，所述第一径向肩部和所述第二径向肩部之间的轴向间隔限定沿旋转轴线的轴向距离SA，所述至少一个缝槽限定自所述旋转轴线的最低径向尺寸SR，SR/SA的比率被限定在0.25-0.77之间。
4.如权利要求3所述的轴组件，其中，所述第一径向肩部和所述第二径向肩部限定不同的外径尺寸。
5.一种齿轮泵，包括：
壳体；
输入轴，所述输入轴从所述壳体沿输入轴轴线至少部分地延伸，所述输入轴限定第一输入轴径向肩部和第二输入轴径向肩部；和
联接轴，所述联接轴沿着平行于所述输入轴轴线的联接轴轴线，所述联接轴限定第一联接轴径向肩部和第二联接轴径向肩部，所述第一联接轴径向肩部和所述第二联接轴径向肩部各自包括至少一个缝槽，其中，所述至少一个缝槽包括四个缝槽，其每个绕所述第一联接轴径向肩部和所述第二联接轴径向肩部的周围均等地移置。
6.如权利要求5所述的齿轮泵，其中，所述第一联接轴径向肩部和所述第二联接轴径向肩部均位于第一带花键端部和第二带花键端部之间。
7.如权利要求5所述的齿轮泵，还包括被安装到所述输入轴的驱动齿轮和被安装到所述联接轴的从动齿轮，所述驱动齿轮与所述从动齿轮处于啮合接合。
8.如权利要求5所述的齿轮泵，其中，所述联接轴至少在所述第一联接轴径向肩部和所述第二联接轴径向肩部之间沿所述联接轴轴线是实心的。
9.如权利要求5所述的齿轮泵，其中，所述第一联接轴径向肩部和所述第二联接轴径向肩部均位于第一带花键端部和第二带花键端部之间，以维持所述第一带花键端部和所述壳体以及所述第二带花键端部和所述壳体之间的空间。
10.如权利要求5所述的齿轮泵，其中，所述第一联接轴径向肩部和所述第二联接轴径向肩部之间的轴向间隔限定沿旋转轴线的轴向距离SA，所述至少一个缝槽限定自所述旋转轴线的最低径向尺寸SR，SR/SA的比率被限定在0.25-0.77之间。
11.如权利要求10所述的齿轮泵，其中，所述缝槽的每一个限定所述最低径向尺寸SR。
12.如权利要求11所述的齿轮泵，其中，所述第一联接轴径向肩部和所述第二联接轴径向肩部限定不同的外径尺寸。
13.一种对壳体内的轴进行润滑的方法，包括：
从第一齿轮级沿第一带花键端部并通过所述轴的第一径向肩部内的缝槽传输润滑剂，
从第二齿轮级沿第二带花键端部并通过所述轴的第二径向肩部内的缝槽传输所述润滑剂，
其中，所述第一径向肩部和所述第二径向肩部分别具有四个缝槽，所述第一径向肩部中的所述四个缝槽的每一个绕所述第一径向肩部的周围均等地移置并且轴向对准于所述第二径向肩部中的所述四个缝槽。
14.如权利要求13所述的方法，
所述第二径向肩部从所述第一径向肩部沿旋转轴线轴向地偏移轴向距离SA，所述缝槽的每一个限定自所述旋转轴线的最低径向尺寸SR，SR/SA的比率被限定在0.25-0.77之间。
15.如权利要求13所述的方法，还包括：
从所述第二径向肩部和所述第一径向肩部之间排放所述润滑剂。
16.一种安装壳体内的轴的方法，包括：
将轴安装到第一齿轮级中，润滑剂能够从所述第一齿轮级沿第一带花键端部并通过所述轴的第一径向肩部内的缝槽传输；
从第二齿轮级沿第二带花键端部并通过所述轴的第二径向肩部内的缝槽传输所述润滑剂，
其中，所述第一径向肩部和所述第二径向肩部分别具有四个缝槽，所述第一径向肩部中的所述四个缝槽的每一个绕所述第一径向肩部的周围均等地移置并且轴向对准于所述第二径向肩部中的所述四个缝槽。
17.如权利要求16所述的方法，
所述第二径向肩部从所述第一径向肩部沿旋转轴线轴向地偏移轴向距离SA，所述缝槽的每一个限定自所述旋转轴线的最低径向尺寸SR，SR/SA的比率被限定在0.25-0.77之间。
18.如权利要求16所述的方法，还包括：
沿平行于输入轴线的轴线安装所述轴，输入轴绕所述输入轴线旋转，所述输入轴通过所述第一齿轮级与所述轴处于啮合接合。
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