CN102645408A - Phase object Z-scan-based pump-probe method - Google Patents
Phase object Z-scan-based pump-probe method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a phase object Z-scan-based pump-probe method, which includes the following steps: an incident laser beam is split into two beams, the beam with high intensity is pump light, the beam with low intensity is probe light, and the pump light is delayed and focused on a non-linear sample to be tested, so that the sample to be tested, which is in the ground state, generates non-linear absorption and non-linear refraction; the sample to be tested is located on the focal plane of a lens in a probe light path, a round diaphragm and a round baffle, the centers of which are superposed with the optical axis, are placed at a far-field position in the probe light path behind the sample to be tested, the emergent probe light is split into two beams by a spectroscope, one of the beams directly enters a first probe, and the other beam enters a second probe after passing through the diaphragm and the baffle. A measuring system which operates according to the method is highly sensitive and can simply process data, non-linear absorption and non-linear refraction can be measured simultaneously rather than separately, and the method has the advantages of accurate measurement results and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of optical instrument that utilizes tests or the method for analysis of material; Be specifically related to a kind of nonlinear optics physical mechanism of research material and the method for measuring its optical physics parameter, belong to non-linear photon and learn material and nonlinear optics field of information processing.
Background technology
The develop rapidly of non-linear optical field be unable to do without the research to optical nonlinearity material.The perfect optics nonlinear material of seeking various uses is a very important task in nonlinear optics field.Material with big optical nonlinearity coefficient and super fast photoresponse is considered to be used to make the brand-new material of high speed optoelectronic equipment, in the optical engineering field, as huge potential using value is arranged in the components and parts such as all-optical switch.Research to optical nonlinearity material then need be by means of various optical nonlinearity measuring techniques.The optical nonlinearity measuring technique is one of gordian technique of research nonlinear optical material.In the optical nonlinearity sample, more than generally speaking a kind of Nonlinear Mechanism can have two kinds even more Nonlinear Mechanism interaction usually, and general nonlinear measurement technology can not distinguish various optical nonlinearity mechanism very simply.Z scan method (Mansoor Sheik-Bahae, Ali A.Said, Tai-Hui Wei; David J.Hagan, E.W.Van Stryland. " Sensitive measurement of optical nonlinearities using a single beam ", IEEE J.Quantum Elect; 26,760-769 (1990)) be that at present the most frequently used single beam is measured the material optical non-linear method, the method is on the basis of beam aberration measuring method, to propose; Its advantage is that light path is simple; Disposal route is simple, and measuring accuracy is high, and can measure non-linear absorption and refraction simultaneously.But this method is difficult to confirm exactly optical nonlinearity mechanism and some concrete, important optical physics parameters of material of material.
On the basis of Z-scan, people such as J.Wang had proposed time resolution Z-scan technology (J Wang, M.Sheik-Bahae in 1994; A.A.Said, D.J.Hagan, and E.W.Van Stryland; " Time-resolved Z-scan measurements of optical nonlinearities ", J.Opt.Soc.Am.B, 11; 1009-1017,1994).The position of this method through sample outgoing different being surveyed light constantly confirmed the machine-processed and important optical physics parameter of each energy level of material optical nonlinearity mutually with the analysis of the situation of change of intensity.But this method is cumbersome when the time dependent characteristic of measuring samples nonlinear refraction; And error ratio is bigger; Be embodied in: the temporal characteristics that needs the non-linear absorption of first measuring samples when (1) is measured; And then be placed on two positions to sample respectively and carry out the measurement of nonlinear refraction temporal characteristics, also to remove the influence of non-linear absorption at last.(2) measurement of non-linear absorption and nonlinear refraction temporal characteristics can not be carried out simultaneously,, thereby bigger measuring error can be caused because the different space distribution of laser constantly is different with energy.A kind of phase object (PO) pumping detecting method (the Junyi Yang that proposes recently; Yinglin Song, Yuxiao Wang, Changwei Li; Xiao Jin; And Min Shui.Time-resolved pump-probe technology with phase object for measurements of optical nonlinearities.Optics Express, 17,7110-7116 (2009)); This method can be measured non-linear absorption and nonlinear refraction dynamic process simultaneously, but the sensitivity of this method receives main optical path T-PO technology limitation.During in addition for nondegenerate nonlinear refraction kinetic measurement, need to change the different phase object according to the detection wavelength of correspondence.The present invention proposes the shortcoming that a kind of high sensitivity pump probe technology can overcome traditional time resolution Z-scan and PO pump probe technology.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of high sensitivity pumping detecting method, be used for the particularly detection of nonlinear refraction of material optical nonlinearity, confirm the optical nonlinearity mechanism of material and can measure the important nonlinear optical mathematic(al) parameter of material simultaneously accurately.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is:
Pumping detecting method based on phase object Z scanning; Comprise the steps: to be divided into two bundles to incoming laser beam; Wherein stronger a branch of of light intensity is pump light; Delays of pump light elapsed time focuses on the non-linear testing sample more weak a branch of of light intensity in order to survey light, makes the testing sample generation non-linear absorption and the nonlinear refraction that are in ground state; Said testing sample is arranged on the focal plane of surveying the light path lens; Far-field position after surveying the said testing sample of light path is placed the circular iris of its center and optical axis coincidence and the circular light tight baffle plate of its center and optical axis coincidence; Detection light through the sample outgoing is divided into two bundles through a spectroscope; Wherein a branch of direct entering first detector, another bundle pass through to get into second detector behind said circular iris and the circular light tight baffle plate; The concrete measuring process of said method is:
1. on light path, put into testing sample, collect the different energy of surveying light constantly respectively with said first and second detectors;
2. the detection luminous energy curve of different time delays of above-mentioned acquisition is handled, obtained the optical nonlinearity parameter of required test material.
In the technique scheme; The processing of said step in 2. comprises: make normalized transmission potential of perforate and the closed pore normalization change curve with time delay respectively; Wherein perforate normalization transmission potential is only relevant with non-linear absorption with the change curve of time delay; Closed pore normalization all has relation with the change curve of time delay and non-linear absorption and nonlinear refraction, and perforate normalization transmission potential is carried out size and the life-span that match obtains the optical parameter of relevant non-linear absorption with the change curve of time delay; Under the known situation of non-linear absorption parameter, through closed pore normalization is carried out the numerical value that match obtains the nonlinear refraction associated arguments with the change curve of time delay.
In the technique scheme; The time delay of said pump light realizes through two catoptrons and a right-angle prism, changes the pumping direction of light by catoptron, regulates the spacing between right-angle prism and the catoptron; Change the travel distance of pump light, realize adjusting time delay.Wherein, the parallel moving range of said right-angle prism is 0 to 30cm, and the time delay scope is-and 200ps is to 1.8ns.
Optimized technical scheme, the circular aperture of generation flat-top light and the light tight baffle plate of said circle meet the lens imaging formula to the distance of lens in the said detection light path.
The size of said circular iris and circular light tight baffle plate is regulated according to the big I of the diffraction main spot of surveying place, light path far field, lets the diffraction light at edge pass through, and the transmitance after circular iris and the circular light tight baffle combination is less than 0.01.When one timing of baffle plate size, the size of suitably regulating diaphragm can make the sensitivity of system reach maximal value.
Optimized technical scheme, said detection light and pump light focus on angle on the testing sample in 3 ° to 8 ° scopes.
In the technical scheme of the present invention, nonlinear sample receives the particle that is in ground state after the exciting of pump light and jumps to excited state, and the variation that particle population number distributes causes the non-linear absorption of incident light is responded with nonlinear refraction; Again since particle population number along with the time is constantly to change; So the influence that produces for difference detection light constantly is different; Just can learn the particle population situation this moment sample from the position phase of sample detecting light beam and the variation of intensity; Situation through analyzing different detection light constantly just can be measured the non-linear absorption and the nonlinear refraction time response curve of sample simultaneously, thereby can confirm absorption cross section and the life-span and the refractive index volume of each energy level.
Compared with prior art, technical scheme of the present invention has the following advantages:
1. systematic survey sensitivity is very high, than Z-scan and high two one magnitude of PO pump probe technology.
2. this method is accomplished the measurement of non-linear absorption and nonlinear refraction simultaneously; And based on the pumping detecting method of traditional Z scan method the measurement of non-linear absorption and nonlinear refraction is carried out respectively; At least must carry out measuring for three times (focus, peak position and paddy position are respectively once).
In this method pump light with survey light and do not require coaxially, can intersect with a little angle, through the latter two automatic separation of sample, thereby very convenient when receiving signal with detector; And based on the pumping detecting method of traditional Z scan method since pump light with to survey light coaxial, when light beam through considering the separation problem of light beam after the sample, particularly light path can bother more when pump light is approaching or equal with detection optical wavelength.
4. measuring method of the present invention; Can be widely used in nonlinear optics measurement, research fields such as non-linear photon material, nonlinear optics information processing and photonics device; Especially key links such as the test of nonlinear optical functional material and modification are utilized the inventive method, can guarantee that test parameter is comprehensive; Test result is accurate, has greatly reduced the error of measuring; This method requires simply light path in addition, and test speed is quick.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the circular iris synoptic diagram in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the circular baffle plate synoptic diagram in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the fundamental diagram of the high sensitivity pumping detecting method in the specific embodiment of the invention.Wherein: 1, incoming laser beam; 2, beam splitter; 3, pump beam; 4, catoptron; 5, right-angle prism; 6, catoptron; 7, convex lens; 8, detecting light beam; 9, catoptron; 10, convex lens; 11, convex lens; 12, circular aperture; 13, convex lens; 14, testing sample; 15, beam splitter; 16, convex lens; 17, first detector; 18, circular iris; 19, circular baffle plate; 20, convex lens; 21, second detector.
Fig. 4 be in the specific embodiment of the invention no baffle plate normalization transmitance with the variation diagram of time delay.
Fig. 5 be in the specific embodiment of the invention baffle plate normalization transmitance with the variation diagram of time delay.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is further described:
Shown in accompanying drawing 3; A kind of highly sensitive optical function material method for measuring non-linear parameters; Be the basis to survey light path and pumping light path, the pumping light path is mainly by two catoptrons 4,6, right-angle prism 5; Convex lens 7 are formed, right-angle prism 5 can before and after translation to change the time delay of pump light; Survey light path mainly by catoptron 9, convex lens 10, convex lens 11, circular aperture 12, convex lens 13, beam splitter 15, convex lens 16, (pore radius is R to circular iris 18
a), (radius is R to circular baffle plate 19
d), convex lens 20, the first detectors 17 and second detector 21 are formed; The pumping light path focuses on the testing sample 14 with the detection light path simultaneously.
Utilize beam splitter 2 to be divided into pump beam 3 and detecting light beam 8 to laser pulse 1.Detecting light beam 8 changes direction through catoptron 9, expands bundle through convex lens 10 and convex lens 11, and the laser that expands after restrainting forms flat-top light after small holes 12; Light beam planoconvex lens 13 converges on the testing sample 14 that is placed on focus; Through behind the beam splitter 15, be divided into two-beam, transmission a branch of after circular iris 18 and circular baffle plate 19; Planoconvex lens 20 is assembled the back and is received by second detector 21, and a branch of planoconvex lens 16 of reflection is assembled the back and received by first detector 17; Pump beam 3 is through catoptron 4; Right-angle prism 5; The delay platform that catoptron 6 constitutes is focused on the testing sample 14 by convex lens 7, and the particle that makes testing sample 14 be in ground state receives excite transitions to excited state; The variation that particle population number distributes exerts an influence to absorption and the refraction of surveying light; Because particle population number is constantly to change in time, front and back translation right-angle prism 5 can produce different influences to difference detection light constantly again, and is received by second detector 21 and first detector 17.
In the present embodiment, laser beam is a 532nm laser, pulsewidth 21ps.Sample is an AlClPc/DMF solution, its 532nm place linear absorption very a little less than, have stronger excited state optical nonlinearity.
Concrete detection step is: detection light is blocked in (1) before sample, and second detector 21 is placed on the position of sample 14, measures the energy of pump light.(2) put sample 14, front and back translation right-angle prism 5, the energy of the detection light of continuous recording different time delays.(3) make normalized transmission potential of perforate and closed pore normalization change curve respectively with time delay.
Experiment and Theoretical Calculation detailed process for the AlClPc/DMF nonlinear measurement are following:
Considering to become situation test photometry communication satisfaction in sample that amplitude is approximate and thin sample is approximate slowly
Δ n is a variations in refractive index, and Δ α is that absorption coefficient changes the light path that z ' laser is propagated in sample.In the AlClPc/DMF solution example,
α＝σ
0N
0+σ
1N
1+σ
2N
3 (3)
Δn＝Δη
1N
1+Δη
2N
3+n
2I (4)
In the formula, N
0, N
1, N
3Be respectively the particle population number of ground state and first excited state and triplet excited state; σ
0, σ
1, σ
2Be respectively the absorption cross section of ground state and first excited state; Δ η
1, Δ η
2The refraction volume and the ground state that are respectively first triplet excited state reflect the poor of volume.
Because visited a little less than surveying the light ratio pump light in the experiment at pump doubly a lot, so can think that the particle cloth on the excited state is produced by pump light according to number
Fig. 3 is the absorption theoretical curve as a result of the pump probe of AlClPc/DMF solution.At first, the absorption of solution increases sharply along with change of time, and this is mainly to be the cause that absorbs owing to first excited state, and the absorption cross section σ of first excited state is described
1Absorption cross section σ than ground state
0Greatly.After pumping pulse light passed through sample, the transmitance of surveying light began to recover, and begins to occur one section low constant transmitance.This mainly is because the particle population number of first excited state begins to reduce, and transits to the ground state and the first triplet excited state T1.Why one section long low transmission can appear, mainly be since first triplet excited state have bigger absorption cross section and the life time of the level long cause.Fig. 4 is the pump probe nonlinear refraction theoretical curve of AlClPc/DMF solution, and the transmitance that occurs one section high slow step-down behind the zero propagation is because the refraction volume ratio ground state of first excited state refraction volume and the big and long cause of the first triplet excited state life-span of triplet excited state refraction volume.
Claims (7)
1. the pumping detecting method that scans based on phase object Z; Comprise the steps: to be divided into two bundles to incoming laser beam; Wherein stronger a branch of of light intensity is pump light; Delays of pump light elapsed time focuses on the non-linear testing sample more weak a branch of of light intensity in order to survey light, makes the testing sample generation non-linear absorption and the nonlinear refraction that are in ground state; Said testing sample is arranged on the focal plane of surveying light path lens (13); It is characterized in that: the far-field position after surveying the said testing sample of light path is placed the circular iris (18) of its center and optical axis coincidence and the circular light tight baffle plate (19) of its center and optical axis coincidence; Detection light through the sample outgoing is divided into two bundles through a spectroscope (15); Wherein a branch of direct entering first detector (17), another bundle gets into second detector (21) through said circular iris (18) and circular light tight baffle plate (19) back; Concrete measuring process is:
1. on light path, put into testing sample, collect the different energy of surveying light constantly respectively with said first and second detectors;
2. the detection luminous energy curve of different time delays of above-mentioned acquisition is handled, obtained the optical nonlinearity parameter of required test material.
2. the pumping detecting method based on phase object Z scanning according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said step comprising in 2.: make normalized transmission potential of perforate and closed pore normalization respectively with the change curve of time delay, perforate normalization transmission potential is carried out size and the life-span that match obtains the optical parameter of relevant non-linear absorption with the change curve of time delay surveying the luminous energy curve processing; Under the known situation of non-linear absorption parameter, through closed pore normalization is carried out the numerical value that match obtains the nonlinear refraction associated arguments with the change curve of time delay.
3. the pumping detecting method based on phase object Z scanning according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the time delay of said pump light realizes through two catoptrons and a right-angle prism; Wherein, change the pumping direction of light, regulate the spacing between right-angle prism and the catoptron by catoptron; Change the travel distance of pump light, realize adjusting time delay.
4. the pumping detecting method based on phase object Z scanning according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the parallel moving range of said right-angle prism is 0 to 30cm, and the time delay scope is-and 200ps is to 1.8ns.
5. high sensitivity pumping detecting method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the circular aperture (12) of generation flat-top light and the light tight baffle plate of said circle (19) meet the lens imaging formula for preferred to the distance of lens in the said detection light path.
6. the pumping detecting method based on phase object Z scanning according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the size of said circular iris (18) and circular light tight baffle plate (19) is regulated according to the size of the diffraction main spot of surveying place, light path far field, lets the diffraction light at edge pass through; Transmitance after said circular iris (18) and circular light tight baffle plate (19) combination is less than 0.01.
7. the pumping detecting method based on phase object Z scanning according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said detection light and pump light focus on angle on the testing sample in 3 ° to 8 ° scopes.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103712993A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-04-09 | 无锡利弗莫尔仪器有限公司 | Method and device for detecting three-dimensional distribution of absorption characteristics in transparent optical material body |
| CN104330398A (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2015-02-04 | 福建师范大学 | Multi-mode non-linear optical microscopy imaging method and device |
| CN104897612A (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2015-09-09 | 苏州微纳激光光子技术有限公司 | Method for measuring material optical nonlinearity by use of varying aperture |
| CN104897593A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2015-09-09 | 苏州微纳激光光子技术有限公司 | High-sensitivity material optical nonlinearity measurement method capable of distinguishing refraction symbols |
| CN105403534A (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2016-03-16 | 苏州微纳激光光子技术有限公司 | Method for measuring transient state optical nonlinearity of material |
| CN108593604A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-09-28 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Non-linear nature tests system and non-linear nature test method |
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| CN103712993A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-04-09 | 无锡利弗莫尔仪器有限公司 | Method and device for detecting three-dimensional distribution of absorption characteristics in transparent optical material body |
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| CN104897593A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2015-09-09 | 苏州微纳激光光子技术有限公司 | High-sensitivity material optical nonlinearity measurement method capable of distinguishing refraction symbols |
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| CN108593604A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-09-28 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Non-linear nature tests system and non-linear nature test method |
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Application publication date: 20120822 |